Chapter 3

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This chapter present the methods and techniques that will be used in the study, as
well as the sampling and selection of the respondents, the instrumentation and procedures
used in the gathering and statistical treatment of data.

RESEARCH METHOD

This study will use the descriptive research method as the study involves the description,
recording, analysis and interpretation of the present nature, composition, or process of
phenomena. Descriptive research as purposive of gathering, analyzing, classifying, and
tabulating data about the prevailing conditions, practices, beliefs, processes, trends and
cause effect relationship, and then making adequate and accurate interpretations out of such
data.

The descriptive method of research involves collecting data in order to test hypothesis or
answer questions concerning the current status. It involves descriptive, recording, analysis
and interpretation of conditions that exist.

Descriptive research describes and interprets what is. It is concerned with conditions of
relationships that exists; practices that prevail; belief, processes that are going on; effects
that are being felt, or trends that are developing.

The process of descriptive research goes beyond mere gathering and tabulation of data. It
involves the elements or interpretation of the meaning or significance of what is described.
Thus, description is often combined with comparison and contrast involving measurements,
classifications, interpretation and evaluation.

RESPONDENT OF THE STUDY

The target respondents of the study will be composed of three groups. The first group will be
the fifty (50) traffic investigator, while the second group will be fifty (50) intelligence officer,
and the third group will be the fifty (50) homicide investigator.

SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The researcher will utilize the Purposive sampling which refers to a group of non-probability
sampling techniques in which units will be selected because they have characteristics that
you need in your sample. In other words, units are selected “on purpose”. Purposive
sampling, also called judgmental sampling, this sampling method relies on the researcher’s
judgment when identifying and selecting the individuals, cases, or events that can provide
the best information to achieve the study’s objectives.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The instrument to be used in the gathering of data from the respondents is the close ended
with ordered choices survey questionnaire.

A questionnaire is a list of planned, written questions related to a particular topic, with space
provided for indicating the response to each question, intended for submission to a number
of persons for reply. It is commonly used in normative survey studies and in the
measurement of attitudes and opinions.

Using of survey questionnaire has the following advantages: (a) It is less expensive
procedure. It requires less skill to administer and can be administered to a large number of
respondents simultaneously; (b) it ensures some amount of uniformity from one
measurement situation to another because of its standardized wording, order of questions
and instructions for recording purposes; (c) in completing questionnaires, respondents may
have confidence in their anonymity so that they feel free to express their views; and (d) a
questionnaires puts less pressure on the respondents to provide immediate response.

The questionnaire to be used will have three parts. The first part deals with the profile of the
respondents in terms of age; sex; civil status and educational attainment.

The second part pertains to the implementation of the Data Privacy Act in the capabilities of
the homicide investigator.

The third part deals with the problems encountered by the investigator and solutions
obtainable for investigation technique in line with the Data Privacy Act

VALIDATION OF THE RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

The research instrument to be utilized in this study will be validated as follows:

Content validity - by presenting for critiquing the instruments to the professor and
adviser for their comments and suggestions. Such comments and suggestions will be
incorporated to ascertain the reliability that no two items are similar and the purpose of this
study is attained.

Face Validity by administering the instruments to a certain number of the

respondents to ascertain the administrability, language used, clarity of items, right direction
and items constructions. The results of the dry-run validity will be incorporated in the final
copy of the instruments for reproduction. The respondents to be used in the dry-run validity
will not include in the final selections of the respondents.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The following will be undertaken by the researcher in the data gathering:

1. Prepare a letter addressed to the respondents duly noted by the Dean, Graduate School,
requesting approval for the conduct of study;

2. Formulate and develop survey instruments align with the objectives of the study.

3. Validate the formulated and developed survey instruments and will incorporate all
suggestions and comments.

4. Reproduce the final copy of the validated survey instruments.

5. Distribute the survey instruments to the selected respondents.

6. Collect the distributed survey instruments from the respondents and scanned as to the
ratings of the respondents.

7. Statistical computations based on the statement of the problems with the assistance of the
statistician and the designated adviser.

8. Present, interpret and analyze of the statistical results align with the statement of the
problems.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

The data that will be gathered from the responses of the respondents will be
analyzed using the following statistical tools:
1. Weighted Mean – a measure of tendency which is sensitive to all the values of the entire
distribution. It refers to the average of measured quantities, in this case, the mean score of
the effects of overtime and the assessment of the workforce productivity of employees. The
formula used for calculating the weighted mean was:

𝑊𝑀 = (∑ X)/n

Where: ∑ 𝑥 = sum of the product of frequencies

WM = weighted mean

n = no. of respondents

An equivalent point was assigned to each indicated item in the second part of the
questionnaire, the extent of existence of the conditions as perceived by the respondents
were determined by estimating each weighted average, which became the verbal
description.

F- Test, to determine if there is significant difference on the assessment of the respondents

on sub-problem no. 2 and 4.

Scale, for sub-problem no. 1 and 3, the following scale will be utilized:

Sub-problem no. 1.

Scale Range Interpretation

4 3.26 – 4.00 Strongly Agree

3 2.51 - 3.25 Agree

2 1.76 – 2.50 Disagree

1 1.00 – 1.75 Strongly Disagree

For Sub-problem no. 3, the following scale were used

Scale Range Interpretation

4 3.26 – 4.00 Very Serious

3 2.51 - 3.25 Serious

2 1.76 – 2.50 Less Serious

1 1.00 – 1.75 Not Serious

Scale Range Interpretation

4 3.26 – 4.00 Highly Recommended

3 2.51 - 3.25 Recommended

2 1.76 – 2.50 Less Recommended

1 1.00 – 1.75 Not Recommended

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