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Microwave Exp.1

Microwave experiments

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Vaibhav
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17 views3 pages

Microwave Exp.1

Microwave experiments

Uploaded by

Vaibhav
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 1

Study of characteristic of Magic Tee

Aim: Determine experimentally the propagation characteristics of Magic Tee


operating at X-band using microwave test bench

Outcomes: Students are able to measure the isolation and coupling coefficient of the
magic tee.

EQUIPMENTS:

Microwave Source (Klystron), Isolator, Frequency Meter, Variable Attenuator, Magic Tee,

Waveguide Stand, Cables and Accessories, Power meter, Matched Termination.

Block Diagram:

THEORY:

Magic Tee:

The Magic Tee is a four port device & it is a combination of the E & H plane Tee. If the
power is fed into arm 3 (H- arm), the electric field divides equally between arm 1 and 2 with
same phase, and no electric field exists in arm 4. If the power is fed in arm 4 (E- arm), it
divides equally into arm 1 and 2 but out of phase with no power to arm 3. Further, if the
power is fed from arm 1 and 2, it is added in arm 3 (H-arm), and it is subtracted in E-arm,
i.e., arm 4.
The basic parameters to be measured for magic Tee are defined below:

Isolation: The isolation between E and H arms is defined as the ratio of the power supplied by

the generator connected to the E-arm (port 4) to the power detected at H-arm (port3) when
side

arms 1 and 2 are terminated in matched load. Hence,

Isolation( 3-4)= 10 log10 (P4 / P3)

Coupling Coefficient: It is defined as Cij = 10 -α/20, Where ‘α’ is attenuation / isolation in


dB

when ‘i’ is input arm and ‘j’ is output arm. Thus α= 10 log Pi / Pj, Where ‘Pi’ is the power

delivered to arm ith and Pj is power detected at jth arm.

In the case of magic tee, there are total 12 coupling coefficient. One for each of the arm as
input

and each of the other three arm as output. However, if we connect perfectly matched detector

and generator then, Cij= Cji.

PROCEDURE:

1. Set the equipment’s as shown in Figure

2. Measure the power at the output of the waveguide. The input from where power needs to be
delivered is connected to the waveguide.

3. Calculate the input power with the help of power meter.

4. The output port of the magic tee from where power needs to be detected is connected to the power
meter.

5. The remaining two ports of the magic tee are terminated with the matched termination.

6. Reverse one by one and connect one arm to the generator side and one arm to
the detector side. The remaining port is connected by matched load.

7. Repeat this process for every port and measure the power from each port.

8. Determine the coupling coefficient from the equation mentioned above.

9. Determine the isolation between port 3 and 4 as P3 – P4 in db.

PRECAUTIONS:

1. Use fan to keep the klystron temperature low.

2. Ensure tight connection of the apparatus.

3. Avoid tight connection to the threads.

4. Beam voltage should be minimum and repeller voltage should be normal before switch

ON/OFF the Klystron PSU.

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