001 01

100101010110011
111101010100010
110100110101001
00101001010101
101010100011001
01010100101100
11010110001101
1101010000101
00101010011
100101001

IP Addressing

11111110
10010101
00011011

11010011
and
Subnetting
Workbook

10000110
Student Name:
Version 1.5
1001100

IP Address Classes
Class A 1 – 127 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing)
Class B Leading bit pattern 0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Network . Host . Host . Host

Class C
128 – 191 Leading bit pattern 10 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
 Network . Network . Host . Host

192 – 223 Leading bit pattern 110 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

Network . Network . Network . Host

Class D 224 – 239 (Reserved for multicast)

Class E 240 – 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research)

Private Address Space

Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

Default Subnet Masks

Class A 255.0.0.0

Class B 255.255.0.0

Class C 255.255.255.0
Produced by: Robb Jones
[email protected]
Frederick County Career & Technology Center
Cisco Networking Academy
Frederick County Public Schools
Frederick, Maryland, USA

Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorsch for

taking the time to check this workbook for errors,
and to everyone who has sent in suggestions to improve the
series.

Workbooks included in the series:

IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbooks

ACLs - Access Lists Workbooks
VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask IWorkbooks

Inside Cover
 Binary To Decimal Conversion

12864 32 16 8 4 2 1 Answers Scratch Area

128 64
1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 146 16 32
2 16
0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 119 146 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

1
1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1119

1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0

0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1

1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1

0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0

0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1

0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1

00011011

10101010

01101111 11111000

1
 00100000

01010101

00111110

00000011

11101101

11000000

Decimal To Binary Conversion

Use all 8 bits for each problem

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 = 255 Scratch Area

1_________________________________________1 1 0 1

1 1 0 238

0_________________________________________0 1 0 0

0 1 0 34

_________________________________________ 123

_________________________________________ 50

_________________________________________ 255

_________________________________________ 200

_________________________________________ 10
_________________________________________ 138

_________________________________________ 1

_________________________________________ 13

_________________________________________ 250

2
_________________________________________ 107

_________________________________________ 224

_________________________________________ 114

_________________________________________ 192

_________________________________________ 172

_________________________________________ 100

_________________________________________ 119

_________________________________________ 57

_________________________________________ 98

_________________________________________ 179

_________________________________________ 2
Address Class Identification
Address Class

10.250.1.1 _____A

150.10.15.0 _____B

192.14.2.0 _____

148.17.9.1 _____

193.42.1.1 _____

126.8.156.0 _____

220.200.23.1 _____

230.230.45.58 _____

3
 177.100.18.4 _____

119.18.45.0 _____

249.240.80.78 _____

199.155.77.56 _____

117.89.56.45 _____

215.45.45.0 _____ 199.200.15.0 _____

95.0.21.90 _____

33.0.0.0 _____

158.98.80.0 _____

219.21.56.0 _____

Network & Host Identification

Circle the network portion 33.0.0.0
of these addresses:
177.100.18.4 158.98.80.0

119.18.45.0 217.21.56.0

209.240.80.78 10.250.1.1

199.155.77.56 150.10.15.0
192.14.2.0
117.89.56.45
148.17.9.1
215.45.45.0
193.42.1.1
192.200.15.0
126.8.156.0
95.0.21.90
220.200.23.1

4
Circle the host
portion of these
addresses:

10.15.123.50

171.2.199.31

198.125.87.177

223.250.200.222

17.45.222.45

126.201.54.231

191.41.35.112

155.25.169.227

192.15.155.2

123.102.45.254

148.17.9.155

100.25.1.1

195.0.21.98

25.250.135.46

171.102.77.77

55.250.5.5

218.155.230.14

10.250.1.1

5
 Network Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the network address:
188.10.18.2 _____________________________188 . 10 . 0 . 0
255.255.0.0
10.10.48.80 _____________________________10 . 10 . 48 . 0
255.255.255.0
192.149.24.191 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
150.203.23.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
186.13.23.110 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
223.69.230.250 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
200.120.135.15 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
27.125.200.151 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
199.20.150.35 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
28.212.250.254 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

6
 Host Addresses
Using the IP address and subnet mask shown write out the host address:
188.10.18.2 _____________________________0 . 0 . 18 . 2
255.255.0.0
10.10.48.80 _____________________________0 . 0 . 0 . 80
255.255.255.0
222.49.49.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
128.23.230.19 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
10.10.10.10 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
200.113.123.11 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
223.169.23.20 _____________________________
255.255.0.0
203.20.35.215 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
117.15.2.51 _____________________________
255.0.0.0
199.120.15.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
191.55.165.135 _____________________________
255.255.255.0
48.21.25.54 _____________________________
255.255.0.0

7
 Default Subnet Masks
Write the correct default subnet mask for each of the following addresses:
_____________________________25
5 . 255 . 0 . 0

177.100.18.4
_____________________________25
119.18.45.0 5.0.0.0

191.249.234.191 _____________________________

223.23.223.109 _____________________________

10.10.250.1 _____________________________

126.123.23.1 _____________________________

223.69.230.250 _____________________________

192.12.35.105 _____________________________

77.251.200.51 _____________________________

189.210.50.1 _____________________________

88.45.65.35 _____________________________

128.212.250.254 _____________________________

193.100.77.83 _____________________________

125.125.250.1 _____________________________

1.1.10.50 _____________________________

220.90.130.45 _____________________________

134.125.34.9 _____________________________

95.250.91.99 _____________________________

8
 ANDING With
Default subnet masks

Every IP address must be accompanied by a subnet mask. By now you should

be able to look at an IP address and tell what class it is. Unfortunately your
computer doesn’t think that way. For your computer to determine the network
and subnet portion of an IP address it must “AND” the IP address with the
subnet mask.

Default Subnet
Masks:
Class A

255.0.0.0
Class B 255.255.0.0
Class C 255.255.255.0

ANDING
Equ
atio
ns: 1
AND
1=1
1 AND 0 = 0
0 AND 1 = 0
0 AND 0 = 0

Sample:

What you see...

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 33

What you can figure out in your head...

Address Class: C
Network Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 .
33
Host Portion: 192 . 100 . 10 .
33
In order for you computer to get the same information it must AND the IP
address with the subnet mask in binary.
Network Host

IP Address: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
(192 . 100 . 10 . 33)

9
Default Subnet Mask: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(255 . 255 . 255 . 0)

AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 (192 . 100 . 10 . 0)

ANDING with the default subnet mask allows your computer to figure out the
network portion of the address.
ANDING With
Custom subnet masks

When you take a single network such as 192.100.10.0 and divide it into five
smaller networks (192.100.10.16, 192.100.10.32, 192.100.10.48, 192.100.10.64,
192.100.10.80) the outside world still sees the network as 192.100.10.0, but the
internal computers and routers see five smaller subnetworks. Each independent
of the other. This can only be accomplished by using a custom subnet mask. A
custom subnet mask borrows bits from the host portion of the address to create
a subnetwork address between the network and host portions of an IP address.
In this example each range has 14 usable addresses in it. The computer must
still AND the IP address against the custom subnet mask to see what the
network portion is and which subnetwork it belongs to.

IP Address: 192 . 100 . 10 . 0

Custom Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.240

Address Ranges: 192.10.10.0 to 192.100.10.15

192.100.10.16 to 192.100.10.31
192.100.10.32 to 192.100.10.47 (Range in the sample
below)
192.100.10.48 to 192.100.10.63
192.100.10.64 to 192.100.10.79
192.100.10.80 to 192.100.10.95
192.100.10.96 to 192.100.10.111
192.100.10.112 to 192.100.10.127
192.100.10.128 to 192.100.10.143
192.100.10.144 to 192.100.10.159
192.100.10.160 to 192.100.10.175
192.100.10.176 to 192.100.10.191
192.100.10.192 to 192.100.10.207
192.100.10.208 to 192.100.10.223
192.100.10.224 to 192.100.10.239
192.100.10.240 to 192.100.10.255

Sub
Network Network Host

IP Address: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 (192 . 100 .

10 . 33)

10
Custom Subnet Mask: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 . 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
0(255 . 255 . 255 . 240)
AND: 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 . 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 (192 . 100 . 10 . 32)

Four bits
borrowed from
the host portion
of the address for
the custom
subnet mask.
The ANDING process of the
four borrowed bits shows
which range of IP addresses
this particular address will fall
into.

In the next set of problems you will determine the necessary information to
determine the correct subnet mask for a variety of IP addresses.
How to determine the number of subnets and the
number of hosts per subnet
Two formulas can provide this basic information:

s
Number of subnets = 2 (Second subnet formula: Number of subnets = 2 - 2
)

h
Number of hosts per subnet = 2 -2

Both formulas calculate the number of hosts or subnets based on the number of
binary bits used. For example if you borrow three bits from the host portion of the
address use the number of subnets formula to determine the total number of subnets
3
gained by borrowing the three bits. This would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2 = 8 subnets

To determine the number of hosts per subnet you would take the number of binary
bits used in the host portion and apply this to the number of hosts per subnet
formula If five bits are in the host portion of the address this would be 2 or 2 x 2 x 2
5
x 2 x 2 = 32 hosts.

When dealing with the number of hosts per subnet you have to subtract two
addresses from the range. The first address in every range is the subnet number.
The last address in every range is the broadcast address. These two addresses
cannot be assigned to any device in the network which is why you have to subtract
two addresses to find the number of usable addresses in each range.

11
For example if two bits are borrowed for the network portion of the address you can
easily determine the number of subnets and hosts per subnets using the two
formulas.

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
The number of subnets The number of hosts created by created by
6
borrowing 2 leaving 6 bits is 2 - 2 or
2
bits is 2 or 2 x 2 = 4 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2 = 64 - 2 = 62 subnets.
usable hosts per subnet.

What about that second subnet formula:

s
Number of subnets = 2 - 2

In some instances the first and last subnet range of addresses are reserved. This is
similar to the first and last host addresses in each range of addreses.

The first range of addresses is the zero subnet. The subnet number for the zero
subnet is also the subnet number for the classful subnet address.

The last range of addresses is the broadcast subnet. The broadcast address for the
last subnet in the broadcast subnet is the same as the classful broadcast address.
Class C Address unsubnetted:

195. 223 . 50 . 0

195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.255
Notice that the subnet and

Class C Address subnetted (2 bits borrowed): broadcast addresses match.

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

(Invalid range) (0) 195.223.50.0 to 195.223.50.63

(1) 195.223.50.64 to 195.223.50.127
(2) 195.223.50.128 to 195.223.50.191
(Invalid range) (3) 195.223.50.192 to 195.223.50.255
The primary reason the the zero and broadcast subnets were not used had to do
pirmarily with the broadcast addresses. If you send a broadcast to 195.223.255 are
you sending it to all 255 addresses in the classful C address or just the 62 usable
addresses in the broadcast range?
12
The CCNA and CCENT certification exams may have questions which will require you
to determine which formula to use, and whehter or not you can use the first and last
subnets. Use the chart below to help decide.

13
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 1
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
Network Address 192.10.10.0

__________
Address class C

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 240

___________________
Total number of subnets 16

___________________
Total number of host addresses 16

___________________
Number of usable addresses 14

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 4

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

192 . 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

numbers to the left of the line tocreate the custom subnet mask.Add the binary value 1286416-2 Observe the total number ofhosts.Subtract 2 for the
number of

14
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address

14 usable hosts.
Problem 2
1000
60
165.100.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

___________________
Total number of subnets 1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.

65,53632,768 16,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024
512
Number of Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

16,384 32,76865,536
Number of 1024 2048 4,096 8,192
512

15
 Custom Subnet Masks
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

165 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 128

32
numbers to the left of the line tocreate the custom subnet mask.Add the binary value 641648 +6419264-262 Observe the total number
ofhosts.Subtract 2 for the number ofusable hosts.

Problem 3 /26bits used for the network and indicates the total number of Network Address

148.75.0.0 /26 subnetwork portion of theaddress. All bits remaining belong

Address class __________B to the host portion of the address.

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

Total number of subnets ___________________ 1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

Show your work for Problem 3 in the space below.

16
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of 16,384
65,53632,768 needed usable hosts Network
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024
Address 512
Number of Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

16,384 32,76865,536
Number of 1024 2048 4,096 8,192
512
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256.
Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

148 . 75 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
128 128

32
numbers to the left of the line tocreate the custom subnet mask.Add the binary value 641648 +64192 64-262 Observe the total
number ofhosts.Subtract 2 for the number ofusable hosts.

1024 Subtract 2 for the total number of

-2 subnets.subnets to get the usable number of
1,022
Problem 4
6
30
210.100.56.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

17
 Custom Subnet Masks
Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 4 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

210 . 100 . 56 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
Problem 5
6
30
195.85.8.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 5 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts

Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256

19
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values

195 . 85 . 8 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Problem 6
126
131,070
118.0.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 6 in the space below.

20
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
4,194,304 1,048,576
2,097,152 Address
524,288
262,144131,072
65,536
Number of 32,76816,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024
512
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2

524,2881,048,576
262,144
131,072
2,097,152
4,194,304
32,76865,536
1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384
Number of 512
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 . . Binary values -128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

118. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Problem 7
2000
15
178.100.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 7 in the space below.

21
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
65,53632,768 16,384
8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024
512
Number of
Hosts - . 256 128 64 32 16 8 42
65,536
16,384 32,768
1024 2048 4,096 8,192
Number of 512
Subnets - 2 4 8 16 32 64 . 256
128

Binary values - 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 . 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

178 . 100 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Problem 8
3
45
200.175.14.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

22
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Number of needed usable hosts Network
Address
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 8 in the space below.

Problem 9
60
1,000
128.77.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 9 in the space below.

23
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Problem 10
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 198.100.10.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

24
 Custom Subnet Masks
Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.
Problem 11
250
Network Address 101.0.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

25
 Custom Subnet Masks

Number of needed subnets

Show your work for Problem 11 in the space below.
Problem 12
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 218.35.50.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

26
 Custom Subnet Masks
Number of bits borrowed ___________________

Show your work for Problem 12 in the space below.

27
 Custom Subnet Masks

Problem 13
Number of needed usable hosts 25
Network Address 218.35.50.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

28
 Custom Subnet Masks
Show your work for Problem 13 in the space below.
Problem 14
Number of needed subnets 10
Network Address 172.59.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

29
 Custom Subnet Masks
Show your work for Problem 14 in the space below.
Problem 15
Number of needed usable hosts 50
Network Address 172.59.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

30
 Custom Subnet Masks
Show your work for Problem 15 in the space below.
Problem 16
Number of needed usable hosts 29
Network Address 23.0.0.0

Address class _______

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

31
 Custom Subnet Masks
Show your work for Problem 16 in the space below.

32
 Subnetting
Problem
Number of needed subnets 14
Number of needed usable hosts 14
__________
Network Address 192.10.10.0Address class CDefault subnet mask
_______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 0Custom subnet mask
_______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 240Total number of subnets
16

Total number of host addresses 16

___________________
Number of usable addresses 14

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 4

What is the 4th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________192.10.10.48 to
192.10.10.63

What is the subnet number for the 8th subnet?

________________________ 192 . 10 . 10 . 112

What is the subnet broadcast

address for
the 13th subnet? ________________________ 192 . 10 . 10 . 207

What are the assignable addresses for

the 9th
subnet?______________________________________192.10.10.129 to
192.10.10.142

33
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

Show your work for Problem 1 in the space below.

Number of
Number of 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
32 64 128 256
Subnets - 2 4 8 16
8 4 2 1 - Binary values
128 64 32 16

92. 10 . 10 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
(0) 0 0 0 0 192.10.10.0 to
(1) 0 0 0 1 192.10.10.16
(2) 0 0 1 0 192.10.10.32 192.10.10.48
(3) 0 0 1 1 192.10.10.64 192.10.10.80
(4) 0 1 0 0 192.10.10.96
(5) 0 1 0 1 192.10.10.112
(6) 0 1 1 0 192.10.10.128
(7) 0 1 1 1 192.10.10.144 192.10.10.160
(8) 1 0 0 0 192.10.10.176
(9) 1 0 0 1 192.10.10.192
(10) 1 0 1 0 192.10.10.208 to 192.10.10.223 192.10.10.224 to
(11) 1 0 1 1 192.10.10.239
(12) 1 1 0 0 192.10.10.240 to 192.10.10.255
(13) 1 1 0 1
(14) 1 1 1 0
(15) 1 1 1 1

192.10.10.15 to 192.10.10.31 to 192.10.10.47 to 192.10.10.63 to 192.10.10.79 to

192.10.10.95 to 192.10.10.111 to 192.10.10.127 to 192.10.10.143 to 192.10.10.159 to
192.10.10.175 to 192.10.10.191 to 192.10.10.207

128 64

Custom subnetUsable subnetsUsable hosts

mask

34
The binary value of the last bit borrowed is the range. In this problem the
range is 16.

The first address in each subnet range is the subnet number.

The last address in each subnet range is the subnet broadcast address.

Problem 2
1000
Number of needed usable hosts 60
Network Address 165.100.0.0

__________
Address class B

Default subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 0 . 0

Custom subnet mask _______________________________255 . 255 . 255 . 192

___________________
Total number of subnets 1,024

___________________
Total number of host addresses 64

___________________
Number of usable addresses 62

___________________
Number of bits borrowed 10

What is the 15th

subnet range?
_______________________________________________165.100.3.128 to
165.100.3.191

What is the subnet number for the 6th subnet?

________________________ 165 . 100 . 1 . 64

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 6th subnet?

________________________ 165 . 100 . 1 . 127
35
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

What are the assignable addresses for the 9th subnet?
______________________________________165.100.2.1 to 165.100.0.62

36
Show your work for Problem 2 in the space below.
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

38
 Show your work for
Problem 3
2
Network Address 195.223.50.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 3rd subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 2nd subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 1st

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 3rd
subnet?______________________________________

Problem 3 in the space below.

39
 Subnetting

Number of needed subnets

256 128
64 32 16 8 4 2 - Hosts
Number of
8 16 32 64 128 256
Subnets - 2 4
32 16 8 4 2 1 - Binary values
128 64

195. 223 . 50 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Number of

40
 Show your work for
Problem 4
750
Network Address 190.35.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 15th subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number

for the 13th subnet?
________________________
What is the subnet broadcast address for the 10th
subnet?
________________________
What are the assignable addresses for the 6th subnet?
______________________________________

Problem 4 in the space below.

41
 Subnetting
Problem 5
Number of needed usable hosts 6
Network Address 126.0.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 2nd subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 5th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 7th

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 10th
subnet?______________________________________

42
 Show your work for
Problem 5 in the space below.

43
 Subnetting
Problem 6
Number of needed subnets10
Network Address192.70.10.0

Address class__________

Default subnet mask_______________________________

Custom subnet mask_______________________________

Total number of subnets___________________

Total number of host addresses___________________

Number of usable addresses___________________

Number of bits borrowed___________________

What is the 9th subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 4th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 12th

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 10th
subnet?______________________________________

44
 Show your work for
Problem 6 in the space below.

45
 Subnetting
Problem 7
Network Address 10.0.0.0 /16

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 11th subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 6th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 2nd

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable

addresses for the 9th
subnet?______________________________________

Problem 7 in the space below.

46
 Show your work for
Problem 8
Number of needed subnets 5
Network Address 172.50.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 4th subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 5th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 6th

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable addresses

for the 3rd Problem 8 in the
space below.

47
 Subnetting
Problem 9
Number of needed usable hosts 28
Network Address 172.50.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 2nd subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 10th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast

address for
the 4th subnet? ________________________

subnet?______________________________________

48
 Show your work for
What are the assignable
addresses for the 6th Problem
9 in the space below.

49
 Subnetting
Problem 10
Number of needed subnets 45
Network Address 220.100.100.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 5th subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 4th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 13th

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable addresses

for the 12th

subnet?______________________________________

50
Show your work for
Problem 10 in the space below.

51
 Subnetting
Problem 11
Number of needed usable
hosts 8,000
Network
Address
135.70.0.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask

___________________________
____

Custom subnet mask

___________________________
____

Total number of subnets

___________________

Total number of host

addresses
___________________

Number of usable
addresses
___________________

Number of bits
borrowed
_________________
__

subnet?______________________________________
Show your work for
What is the 6th
subnet range?
_________________
_________________
_____________

What is the
subnet
number
for the
7th
subnet
?
______
______
______
______

What
is the
subnet
broadcast
address
for the 3rd
subnet?
________
________
________

W
h
a
t

53
 Subnetting
a
r
e

t
h
e

a
s
s
i
g
n
a
b
l
e

a
d
d
r
e
s
s
e
s

f
o
r

subnet?______________________________________
Show your work for
h
e

5
t
h

P
r
o
b
l
e
m

1
1

i
n

t
h
e

s
p
a
c
e

b
e
l
o

55
 Subnetting
w
.

subnet?______________________________________
Show your work for
Problem 12
Number of needed usable
hosts 45
Network
Address
198.125.50.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask

___________________________
____

Custom subnet mask

___________________________
____

Total number of subnets

___________________

Total number of host

addresses
___________________

Number of usable
addresses
___________________

Number of bits
borrowed
_________________
__

57
 Subnetting
What is the 2nd
subnet range?
_________________
_________________
_____________

What is the
subnet
number
for the
2nd
subnet?
______
______
______
______

What
is the
subnet
broadcast
address
for the 4th
subnet?
________
________
________

W
h
a
t

a
subnet?______________________________________
Show your work for
r
e

t
h
e

a
s
s
i
g
n
a
b
l
e

a
d
d
r
e
s
s
e
s

f
o
r

t
h
e

59
 Subnetting
3
r
d

P
r
o
b
l
e
m

1
2

i
n

t
h
e

s
p
a
c
e

b
e
l
o
w
.
subnet?______________________________________
Show your work for
Problem 13
Network
Address
165.200.0.0
/26

Address class __________

Default subnet mask

___________________________
____

Custom subnet mask

___________________________
____

Total number of subnets

___________________

Total number of host

addresses
___________________

Number of usable
addresses
___________________

Number of bits
borrowed
_________________
__

61
 Subnetting
What is the 10th
subnet range?
_________________
_________________
_____________

What is the
subnet
number
for the
11th
subnet?
_______
_______
_______
___

What
is the
subnet
broadcast
address
for the
1023rd
subnet?
________
________
________

W
h
a
t

subnet?______________________________________
Show your work for
a
r
e

t
h
e

a
s
s
i
g
n
a
b
l
e

a
d
d
r
e
s
s
e
s

f
o
r

t
h

63
 Subnetting
e

1
0
2
2
n
d

subnet?______________________________________
Show your work for
Problem 13 in the space below. 53
 Subnetting
Problem 14
Number of needed usable hosts 16
Network Address 200.10.10.0

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 7th subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 5th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 4th

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable addresses for

the 6th Problem 14 in the space
below.

subnet?______________________________________

66
 Show your work for
Problem 15
Network Address 93.0.0.0 \19

Address class __________

Default subnet mask _______________________________

Custom subnet mask _______________________________

Total number of subnets ___________________

Total number of host addresses ___________________

Number of usable addresses ___________________

Number of bits borrowed ___________________

What is the 15th subnet range?

_______________________________________________

What is the subnet number for the 9th subnet?

________________________

What is the subnet broadcast address for the 7th

subnet? ________________________

What are the assignable addresses for

the 12th Problem 15 in the space
below.

67
 Practical Subnetting 1
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts
for 100% growth in both areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 172.16.0.0
F0/0
Router A S0/0/0 S0/0/1 F0/1
Router B
F0/0

Marketing Management
24 Hosts Reasearch 15 Hosts
60 Hosts

Address class _____________________________B

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.224.0

Minimum number of subnets needed _________4

+
Extra subnets required for 100% growth _________ 4
(Round up to the next whole number)

=
Total number of subnets needed _________ 8
Number of host addresses 60
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for 60
+
100% growth in the largest subnet _________
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address 120

68
 needed for the largest subnet
_________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Research _____________________________172.16.0.0 to

172.31.255

IP address range for Marketing _____________________________172.16.32.0

to 172.63.255

IP address range for Management

_____________________________172.16.64.0 to 172.95.255
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection _____________________________172.16.96.0 to
172.127.255

69
70
172.16.0.0 to 172.16.31.255
172.16.32.0 to 172.16.63.255
172.16.64.0 to 172.16.95.255
172.16.96.0 to 172.16.127.255
172.16.128.0 to 172.16.159.255
172.16.160.0 to 172.16.191.255
172.16.192.0 to 172.16.223.255
172.16.224.0 to 172.16.255.255

x1.0
for
your
work
Show
 (0) 0
(1) 1
(2) 1 0
(3) 1 1
(4) 1 0 0 32 1
(5) 1 0 1
(6) 1 1 0 . 16 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4 (7) 1 1 1
Practical Subnetting 1 in the space below.

60
x1.0
60

71
 172
Practical Subnetting 2
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets
and hosts for 30% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 135.126.0.0
S0/0/0
F0/0 Router A S0/0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B F0/1

S0/0/0 Tech Ed Lab

20 Hosts
Router C
F0/1
Science Lab
10 Hosts
English Department
15 Hosts

Address class _____________________________B

Custom subnet mask _____________________________255.255.255.224

Minimum number of subnets needed _________5

Extra subnets required for 30% growth _________+ 2

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________= 7

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________20
Number of addresses needed for
30% growth in the largest subnet _________+ 6
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________= 26
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

72
 IP address range for Tech Ed
_____________________________135.126.0.0 to 135.126.0.31

IP address range for English _____________________________135.126.0.32

to 135.126.0.63

IP address range for Science

_____________________________135.126.0.64 to 135.126.0.95
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection 135.126.0.96 to
135.126.0.127_____________________________
IP address range for Router A
to Router B serial connection135.126.0.128 to
135.126.0.159_____________________________

73
 Problem 2 in the space below.
135.126.0.255135.126.1.159
135.126.0.223
135.126.0.159
135.126.0.127
135.126.0.191 135.126.1.255
135.126.1.223
135.126.0.95
135.126.0.63
135.126.0.31 135.126.1.127
135.126.1.191
135.126.1.95
135.126.1.63
135.126.1.31

74
Show your work for

75
 (0) . 0
(1) 1
(2) 1 0
5 (3) 1 1

76
2) x.
(4) 1 0 0
1.
3 (5) 1 0 1
Round up5to (6) 1 1 0
(7) 1 1 1
( (8) 1 0 0 0
.
(9) 1 . 0 0 1
20 .
( 10) 1 0 1 0
x. .
(11) 1 0 1 1
36
( 12) 1 . 1 0 0
( 13) 1 . 1 0 1
( 14) 1 . 1 1 0
(15 ) 1 . 1 1 1
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 3
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a classfull network addressing
scheme that will supply the minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough
extra subnets and hosts for 25% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic
and answer the
questions below.

IP Address 172.16.0.0

F0/0
S0/0/1
F0/0 Sales
Administrative Router A
185 Hosts
30 Hosts F0/1 S0/0/0
Router B

Marketing
50 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 25% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
25% growth in the largest subnet _________+
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Sales _____________________________

77
 IP address range for Marketing _____________________________
IP address range for Administrative _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to Router B serial connection
_____________________________ Problem 3 in the space
below.

78
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 4
minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 70%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 135.126.0.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B

S0/0/0

Router C F0/0
F0/1
Dallas
150 Hosts New York
Washington D.C. 325 Hosts
220 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 70% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
70% growth in the largest subnet _________+
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for New York _____________________________

IP address range for Washington D. C. _____________________________

79
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the
IP address range for Dallas _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to Router B serial connection
_____________________________
IP address range for Router A to Router C serial connection
_____________________________ Problem 4 in the space below.

80
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 5
minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 100% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.

15 Hosts Art Classroom

12 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 100% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
100% growth in the largest subnet _________+
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

81
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the
IP address range for Router F0/0 Port _____________________________

IP address range for Router F0/1 Port _____________________________

Problem 5 in the space below.

82
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 6
minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 20%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.

IP Address 10.0.0.0

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 20% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Technology _____________________________

IP address range for Science _____________________________
IP address range for Arts & Drama _____________________________
IP Address range Administration _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to Router B serial connection
_____________________________
IP address range for Router A to Router C serial connection
_____________________________
83
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the
IP address range for Router B to Router C serial connection
_____________________________ Problem 6 in the space below.

84
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 7
minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 125% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 125% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
125% growth in the largest subnet _________+
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Router A Port F0/0 _____________________________

IP address range for Research _____________________________

85
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the
IP address range for Deployment _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to Router B serial connection
_____________________________ Problem 7 in the space
below.

86
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 8
minimum number subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for 85%
growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions below.
IP Address 192.168.1.0
F0/0 S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 F0/1
Router B
F0/0

New York
8 Hosts

Boston
5 Hosts
Research & Development
8 Hosts

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 85% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
85% growth in the largest subnet _________+
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Router A F0/0 _____________________________

IP address range for New York _____________________________
87
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the
IP address range for Router A to Router B serial connection
_____________________________ Problem 8 in the space below.

88
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 9
minimum number of hosts per subnet, and allow enough extra subnets and
hosts for 15% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the
questions below.
IP Address 148.55.0.0
S0/0/0
Router A S0/0/1 F0/1
S0/0/1 F0/0
Router B

S0/0/0 Dallas
1500 Hosts
Router C
F0/0
S0/0/1
Router D S0/0/0

Ft. Worth
2300 Hosts Address class _____________________________
Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 15% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
15% growth in the largest subnet _________+
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Ft. Worth _____________________________

IP address range for Dallas _____________________________
89
 Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the
IP address range for Router A _____________________________ to
Router B serial connection
IP address range for Router A _____________________________ to
Router C serial connection
IP address range for Router C _____________________________ to
Router D serial connection

Problem 9 in the space below.

90
 Show your work for
Practical Subnetting 10
minimum number of subnets, and allow enough extra subnets and hosts for
110% growth in all areas. Circle each subnet on the graphic and answer the questions
below.

Address class _____________________________

Custom subnet mask _____________________________
Minimum number of subnets needed _________

Extra subnets required for 110% growth _________+

(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of subnets needed _________=

Number of host addresses
in the largest subnet group _________
Number of addresses needed for
110% growth in the largest subnet _________+
(Round up to the next whole number)

Total number of address

needed for the largest subnet _________=
Start with the first subnet and arrange your sub-networks from the largest group to the
smallest.

IP address range for Sales/Managemnt _____________________________

91
Based on the information in the graphic shown, design a network addressing scheme that
will supply the
IP address range for Marketing _____________________________
IP address range for Research _____________________________
IP address range for Router A to Router B serial connection
_____________________________

92
Show your work for Problem 10 in the space below.

93
 Valid and Non-Valid IP Addresses

Using the material in this workbook identify which of the addresses below are
correct and usable. If they are not usable addresses explain
why.

IP Address: 0.230.190.192 ________________________________Th

Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 e network ID cannot be 0.
Reference Page Inside Front Cover
________________________________
IP Address: 192.10.10.1
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 ________________________________OK
Reference Pages 28-29
________________________________
IP Address: 245.150.190.10
________________________________
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0
Reference Page Inside Front Cover ________________________________

IP Address: 135.70.191.255 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.254.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages 48-49

IP Address: 127.100.100.10 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Pages Inside Front Cover
________________________________
IP Address: 93.0.128.1 ________________________________
Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0
Reference Pages 56-57
________________________________
IP Address: 200.10.10.128 ________________________________
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.224
Reference Pages 54-55 ________________________________
________________________________
IP Address: 165.100.255.189
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 ________________________________
Reference Pages 30-31
________________________________
IP Address: 190.35.0.10
Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.192 ________________________________
Reference Pages 34-35 ________________________________

IP Address: 218.35.50.195 ________________________________

Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 ________________________________
Reference Page Inside Front Cover

IP Address: 200.10.10.175 /22 ________________________________

 Reference Pages 54-55 and/or Inside Front Cover
________________________________

IP Address: 135.70.255.255
Subnet Mask: 255.255.224.0
Reference Pages 48-49
78

IP Address Breakdown
/24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30
8+8+8 8+8+8+1 8+8+8+2 8+8+8+3 8+8+8+4 8+8+8+5 8+8+8+6
255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252
256 Hosts 128 Hosts 64 Hosts 32 Hosts 16 Hosts 8 Hosts 4 Hosts
0-7 0-3
4-7
0-15
8-11
8-15
12-15
16-23 16-19
20-23
16-31
24-27
24-31
28-31
0-63
32-35
32-39
36-39
32-47
40-47 40-43
44-47
48-55 48-51
52-55
48-63
56-63 56-59
60-63
0-127
64-71 64-67
68-71
64-79
72-79 72-75
76-79
80-87 80-83
84-87
80-95
88-95 88-91
92-95
0-255 64-127
96-103 96-99
100-103
96-111
104-111 104-107
108-111
112-119 112-115
116-119
112-127
120-127 120-123
124-127
128-135 128-131
132-135
128-143
136-143 136-139
140-143
144-151 144-147
148-151
144-159
152-159 152-155
156-159
128-255 128-191
16-167 160-163
164-167
160-175
168-175 168-171
172-175
176-183 176-179
180-183
176-191
184-191 184-187
188-191
 192-199 192-195
196-199
192-207
200-207 200-203
204-207
208-215 208-211
212-215
208-223
216-223 216-219
220-223
192-255
224-231 224-227
228-231
224-239
232-239 232-235
236-239
240-247 240-243
244-247
240-255
248-251
248-255
252-255
79
Visualizing Subnets Using
The Box Method

The box method is the simplest way to visualize the breakdown

of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes.

Start with a square. The whole square is

a single subnet comprised of 256
addresses.

/24

255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1

Subnet

Split the box in half and you get two

subnets with 128 addresses,

/25
255.255.255.128
 128 Hosts
2 Subnets

Divide the box into quarters and you get

four subnets with 64 addresses,

/26
255.255.255.192
64
Hosts 4
Subnets
80
Split each individual square and you get
eight subnets with 32 addresses,

/27
 255.255.255.224
32 Hosts 8 Subnets
Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen
addresses,

/28
255.255.255.240
16 Hosts 16 Subnets
The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses,

/29
255.255.255.248
8 Hosts 32 Subnets
The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each,

/30
255.255.255.252
4 Hosts 64 Subnets
81
Class A Addressing Guide
________ # of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
__CIDR ___________________________________________________ _____________ ______________
________ Borrowed _Mask __Subnets _Hosts __Hosts
__/8 _____________ ______________________ ___________________________ ______________
________ _0 __255.0.0.0 _1 _16,777,216 __16,777,214
__/9 _____________ ______________________ ___________________________ ______________
________ _1 __255.128.0.0 _2 _8,388,608 __8,388,606
__/10 ______________ _____________________________________ _____________ ______________
________ _2 __255.192.0.0 __4 __4,194,304 ___4,194,302
__/11 ___________________________________________________ _____________
______________
________ 3 _255.224.0.0 __8 _2,097,152
__2,097,150
__/12 _____________ ______________________ ___________________________
______________
________ _4 __255.240.0.0 _16 _1,048,576
__1,048,574
__/13 ___________________________________________________ _____________
_______________
________ 5 __255.248.0.0 __32 _524,288
 ___________________________________________________ _______________524,286
6 _255.252.0.0 __64 _262,144 ______________
__/14 ______________ _____________________________________ _____________ __262,142
________ _7 __255.254.0.0 __128 __131,072 ______________
__/15 _____________________________________ ___________________________ ___131,070
_________8 ___255.255.0.0 __256 __65,536 ______________
__/16 _____________________________________ ___________________________ ___65,534
________ 9 __255.255.128.0 _512 _32,768 _______________
__/17 _____________ ______________________ ___________________________ __32,766
________ __10 ____255.255.192.0 __1,024 __16,384 _______________
___/18 ___________________________________________________ _____________ ___16,382
________ 11 _255.255.224.0 __2,048 _8,192 ______________
__/19 ______________ _____________________________________ _____________ __8,190
________ _12 __255.255.240.0 __4,096 __4,096
______________
__/20 ______________ ______________________ ______________ ________________4,094
________ _13 ___255.255.248.0 __8,192 _2,048
______________
__/21 ______________ _______________________ ______________ _____________
___2,046
________ 14 __255.255.252.0 __16,384 _1,024
_______________
__/22 __________________________________________________ _____________
__1,022
________ _15 ___255.255.254.0
___32,768
_512
_______________
___/23 _____________ ______________________ _____________
________________256 ___510
________ __16 ____255.255.255.0
__65,536 _______________
___/24 ____________________________________ _____________
______________ _128 ___254
________ _17 ___255.255.255.128 _______________
___/25 _____________________________________ ___131,072 _____________
___126
________ _18 ______________ __64
___255.255.255.192 ______________
_____________ _____________
__/26 _______________________ __262,144 ___62
________ _19 ___255.255.255.224 ______________ _32
___/27 _____________
__________________________524,288 ____________________________
________ _20 ______________ _16 ___30
___255.255.255.240
______________ ____________ _______________
___/28 __________________________1,048,576
________ 21 22 ______________ __8 4___14
__255.255.255.248
__/ __2,097,152 _______________
255.255.255.252
29 /30 4,194,304 __6 2
Class B Addressing Guide
________ # of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
__CIDR ___________________________________________________ ____________________________
________ Borrowed _Mask __Subnets Hosts __Hosts
__/16 _____________ ______________________ __________________________________________
________ _0 __255.255.0.0 _1 65,536 __65,534
__/17 _____________ ______________________ __________________________________________
________ _1 __255.255.128.0 _2 32,768 __32,766
__/18 ______________ _____________________________________ _____________ ______________
________ _2 __255.255.192.0 __4 __16,384 ___16,382
__/19 ___________________________________________________ ____________________________
________ 3 _255.255.224.0 __8 8,192 __8,190
__/20 _____________ ______________________ __________________________________________
________ _4 __255.255.240.0 _16 4,096 __4,094
__/21 ___________________________________________________ _____________ ______________
________ 5 __255.255.248.0 __32 _2,048 ___2,046
__/22 ___________________________________________________ ____________________________
________ 6 _255.255.252.0 __64 1,024 __1,022
__/23 ______________ _____________________________________ _____________ ______________
________ _7 __255.255.254.0 __128 __512 ___510
__/24 _____________________________________ __________________________________________
 _8 ___255.255.255.0 __256 _256 ___254
________ _____________________________________ ___________________________ _______________
__/25 9 __255.255.255.128 _512 _128 __126
________ _____________ ______________________ ___________________________ _______________
___/26 __10 ____255.255.255.192 __1,024 __64 ___62
________ ___________________________________________________ ____________________________
__/27 11 _255.255.255.224 __2,048 32 __30
________ ___________________________________________________ _____________
_______________
__/28 12 _255.255.255.240 __4,096 16 __14
________ ___________________________________________________ _____________
______________
__/ 13 14 __255.255.255.248 __8,192 _8 4 ___6 2
29 /30 255.255.255.252 16,384
Class C Addressing Guide
# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of
________ ___________________________________________________ _____________ ______________
__CIDR Borrowed _Mask __Subnets _Hosts __Hosts
________ _____________ ______________________ ___________________________ ______________
__/24 _0 __255.255.255.0 _1 _256 __254
________ _____________ ______________________ ___________________________ ______________
__/25 _1 __255.255.255.128 _2 _128 __126
________ ______________ _____________________________________ _____________ ______________
__/26 _2 __255.255.255.192 __4 __64 ___62
________ ___________________________________________________ _____________ ______________
__/27 3 _255.255.255.224 __8 _32 __30
________ _____________ ______________________ ___________________________ ______________
__/28 _4 __255.255.255.240 _16 _16 __14
________ ___________________________________________________ ____________________________
__/ 56 __255.255.255.248 __32 64 _8 4 __6 2
29 /30 255.255.255.252
82
Inside Cover