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Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics
RM.DL.Books

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Worked example 1

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a What are the first three multiples of 12?

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b Is 300 a multiple of 12?

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a 12, 24, 36 am To find these multiply 12 by 1, 2 and then 3.

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12 × 1 = 12
12 × 2 = 24
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12 × 3 = 36

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b Yes, 300 is a multiple of 12. To find out, divide 300 by 12. If it goes exactly, then 300 is a multiple of 12.

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300 ÷ 12 = 25

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Exercise 1.3
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1 List the first five multiples of:

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a 2 b 3 c 5 d 8

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e 9 f 10 g 12 h 100
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2 Use a calculator to find and list the first ten multiples of:

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a 29 b 44 c 75 d 114

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e 299 f 350 g 1012 h 9123

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3 List:
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a the multiples of 4 between 29 and 53

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b the multiples of 50 less than 400

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c the multiples of 100 between 4000 and 5000.

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4 Here are five numbers: 576, 396, 354, 792, 1164. Which of these are multiples of 12?
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5 Which of the following numbers are not multiples of 27?

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a 324
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b 783 c 816 d 837 e 1116

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The lowest common multiple (LCM)

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The lowest common multiple of two or more numbers is the smallest number that is a multiple
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of all the given numbers.

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Worked example 2
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Find the lowest common multiple of 4 and 7.

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M4 = 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28 , 32 List several multiples of 4. (Note: M4 means multiples of 4.)
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M7 = 7, 14, 21, 28 , 35, 42 List several multiples of 7.

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LCM = 28 Find the lowest number that appears in both sets. This is the LCM.
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Exercise 1.4
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1 Find the LCM of:

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FAST FORWARD a 2 and 5 b 8 and 10 c 6 and 4

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Later in this chapter you will see d 3 and 9 e 35 and 55 f 6 and 11

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g 2, 4 and 8 h 4, 5 and 6 i 6, 8 and 9

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how prime factors can be used to

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find LCMs.  j 1, 3 and 7 k 4, 5 and 8 l 3, 4 and 18

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4 Unit 1: Number
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