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Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics

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RECAP

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You should already be familiar with most of the concepts in this chapter. This

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chapter will help you to revise the concepts and check that you remember them.

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1.1 Different types of numbers
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Make sure you know the correct mathematical words for the types of numbers in the table.
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Number Definition Example

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Natural number Any whole number from 1 to infinity, sometimes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, . . .

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called ‘counting numbers’. 0 is not included.

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Odd number A whole number that cannot be divided exactly 1, 3, 5, 7, . . .

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by 2.
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Even number A whole number that can be divided exactly by 2. 2, 4, 6, 8, . . .
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Integer Any of the negative and positive whole numbers, . . . −3, −2, −1, 0, 1, 2,

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including zero. 3, . . .

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Prime number A whole number greater than 1 which has only 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, . . .
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two factors: the number itself and 1.
You will learn about the difference
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Square number The product obtained when an integer is 1, 4, 9, 16, . . .

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between rational and irrational

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numbers in chapter 9.  multiplied by itself.

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Fraction A number representing parts of a whole number,

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1 1 1 1 13
, , , , , 2 12
2 4 3 8 3
Find the ‘product’ means ‘multiply’. can be written as a common (vulgar) fraction in
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So, the product of 3 and 4 is 12, the form of ab or as a decimal using the decimal 0.5, 0.2, 0.08, 1.7
i.e. 3 × 4 = 12.
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point.
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Exercise 1.1
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1 Here is a set of numbers: {−4, −1, 0, 12 , 0.75, 3, 4, 6, 11, 16, 19, 25}
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List the numbers from this set that are:

You will learn much more about
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a natural numbers b even numbers c odd numbers

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sets in chapter 9. For now, just think

d integers e negative integers f fractions
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of a set as a list of numbers or other

g square numbers h prime numbers i neither square nor prime.
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items that are often placed inside

curly brackets. 
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2 List:
a the next four odd numbers after 107
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b four consecutive even numbers between 2008 and 2030

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c all odd numbers between 993 and 1007

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d the first five square numbers

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e four decimal fractions that are smaller than 0.5

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f four vulgar fractions that are greater than 12 but smaller than 34 .
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3 State whether the following will be odd or even:

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a the sum of two odd numbers

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Remember that a 'sum' is the b the sum of two even numbers

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result of an addition. The term is

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often used for any calculation in

c the sum of an odd and an even number
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d the square of an odd number

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early mathematics but its meaning

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is very specific at this level. e the square of an even number

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f an odd number multiplied by an even number.

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2 Unit 1: Number
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