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1 Reviewing number concepts

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Applying your skills

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Being able to communicate

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information accurately is a key skill 4 There are many other types of numbers. Find out what these numbers are and give an

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for problem solving. Think about example of each.

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what you are being asked to do in

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a Perfect numbers.

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this task and how best to present
your answers. am b Palindromic numbers.

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c Narcissistic numbers. (In other words, numbers that love themselves!)
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Using symbols to link numbers
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Mathematicians use numbers and symbols to write mathematical information in the shortest,
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clearest way possible.

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You have used the operation symbols +, −, × and ÷ since you started school. Now you will also

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use the symbols given in the margin below to write mathematical statements.
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Exercise 1.2

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1 Rewrite each of these statements using mathematical symbols.
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a 19 is less than 45
= is equal to
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b 12 plus 18 is equal to 30

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≠ is not equal to c 0.5 is equal to 12

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≈ is approximately equal to d 0.8 is not equal to 8.0

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< is less than e −34 is less than 2 times −16

 is less than or equal to
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f therefore the number x equals the square root of 72

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> is greater than g a number (x) is less than or equal to negative 45
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 is greater than or equal to h π is approximately equal to 3.14

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∴ therefore i 5.1 is greater than 5.01

j the sum of 3 and 4 is not equal to the product of 3 and 4
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the square root of

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k the difference between 12 and −12 is greater than 12

l the sum of −12 and −24 is less than 0
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m the product of 12 and a number (x) is approximately −40

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2 Say whether these mathematical statements are true or false.

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Remember that the 'difference'

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between two numbers is the result a 0.599 > 6.0 b 5 × 1999 ≈ 10 000
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of a subtraction. The order of the c 8 1 = 8 101 d 6.2 + 4.3 = 4.3 + 6.2

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subtraction matters. 20 × 9  21 × 8
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e f 6.0 = 6
19.9  20
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g −12 > −4 h
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i 1000 > 199 × 5 j 16 = 4

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k 35 × 5 × 2 ≠ 350 l 20 ÷ 4 = 5 ÷ 20
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m 20 − 4 ≠ 4 − 20 n 20 × 4 ≠ 4 × 20
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3 Work with a partner.

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a Look at the symbols used on the keys of your calculator. Say what each one means
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in words.
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b List any symbols that you do not know. Try to find out what each one means.
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1.2 Multiples and factors

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You can think of the multiples of a number as the ‘times table’ for that number. For example, the
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multiples of 3 are 3 × 1 = 3, 3 × 2 = 6, 3 × 3 = 9 and so on.

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Multiples
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A multiple of a number is found when you multiply that number by a positive integer. The first
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multiple of any number is the number itself (the number multiplied by 1).
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Unit 1: Number 3
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