Đề thi MID TERM

Syntax test:
Question I. (2 pts) Identify the major functions of constituents in the sentences (S, AUX [sub-
category], V [sub-category], d.O, i.O, sP, oP, PC, aA, sA). To save time, you can write your
answer on the test paper.
E.g.: Max was watching a horror movie.
S PROG V[trans] d.O
1. He was utterly surprised. The old man just bowed; he even took off his hat.
2. His uncle muttered a few words and quickly threw the postcard away.
3. She was thin and blonde and had twice the usual amount of neck.
4. In their opinion, small explosions from their sons’ bedroom were often considered
perfectly normal.
5. Day trippers to Venice will be provided with a QR code of their online tickets.
Question II. (3pts) Consider the following sentence.
Feeling excited about the world tour, the girl sent her father several postcards from France
at the end of her summer holiday.
a. How many prepositional phrases are there in the sentence? Write them down and
state their functions in the structure. (1.5 pts)
b. Of all the phrases that constitute the sentence, choose 4 of them to apply the tests
for constituents (omission/ replacement/ movement/ question test). Each of these 4
phrases should be used with a different test. (1.5 pts)
Question III. (1.5 pts) Explain the ambiguity of the sentence by giving two different
interpretations and two corresponding complete phrase markers. You can use triangles for
PPs and one-to-two-words NPS.
He untied the package for his children.
Question IV. (3.5 pts) Draw complete phrase marker for the following phrase and sentences.
a. drifting smoke from recent forest fires in the northern area

b. Drifting smoke from forest fires in the northern area has made the air in many
American and Canadian cities unhealthy to elderly people and children. (Use triangle
for underlined phrase)
c. Does mass tourism in Venice’s main island affect the local economy negatively?
d. The entrance fee for access to Venice’s historic center is not required for residents,
commuters and students.
Semantics test:
Question I. (1.5 pts) Choose two words which don’t belong in each group. Explain your
answer.
a. kick, throw, hop, stomp, slap, tiptoe

b. stew, grill, chew, fry, roast, gulp
Question II. (1.5 pts) Explain the anomaly in the sentence “Luckily, the assassinated
president is not dead.”
Question III. (2 pts) Provide the sentence meaning of “It’s raining outside.” Then provide two
different utterance meanings that go beyond the sentence meaning. You may need to
mention the situation in which the utterance is used to clarify its utterance meaning.
Question IV. (1.5 pts) Explain whether the underlined phrases in each of the following
sentences can be used as a referring expression or not.
a. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

b. I saw a man outside your house last night. He looked dangerous.
c. Mr. Waldman is the Head of the Department.
d. The apple never falls far from its tree.
Question V. (1.5 pts) Suppose that you accidentally drive your family car through a store’s
glass window. Your parents know you have been driving the car. You call your parents, the
police, and the store owner to inform them of the accident. Among the following utterances,
which would you most likely say to each party? Briefly explain including relevant theory.
a. I just drove a car through the glass window.

b. I just drove the car through a glass window.
c. I just drove a car through a glass window.
Question VI. (2pts) Write a short paragraph (100-120 words) to comment on the reference
of the expression ‘president’ in the following text (the word has been numbered for your
convenience). Include its referents, type of reference and other relevant theory in your
answer.
US supreme court to decide on Trump’s claim of presidential immunity
(adapted from The Guardian)
The US supreme court will on Thursday hear oral argument in Donald Trump vs. United
States, in which Trump claims presidents (1) are immune from prosecution for acts
committed in office. This claim is strongly advocated by his lawyers who said “a denial of
criminal immunity would incapacitate every future president (2)”.
Michael Waldman, Head of the Brennan Center for Justice at the New York University is
among those who argue how presidents (3) have never been placed above the law. “No
plausible historical case supports Trump’s claim. The supreme courts have been quite quick
at key moments in US history. In the Watergate scandal, US vs. Nixon in 1974, the court took
just two weeks to rule that the president (4) had to turn over his Oval Office tapes. Two
weeks after that, Richard Nixon resigned. In 2000, Bush vs. Gore (over who won the
presidential election in Florida) took three whole days to resolve. In the Clinton case, in
2001, the president (5) agreed a quick deal to avoid indictment. But now the supreme court
has given the former president (6) what he craved most time.”
The historians who reject Trump’s immunity claim cite the words of one of the first supreme
court justices: “If the president (7) commits any crime, he is punishable by the laws of his
country”.

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Syntax test:

Question II. (3pts) Consider the following sentence.

He untied the package for his children.

a. drifting smoke from recent forest fires in the northern area

a. kick, throw, hop, stomp, slap, tiptoe

a. A friend in need is a friend indeed.

a. I just drove a car through the glass window.

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