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 JEE Advanced Physics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions

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SOUND WAVE
1. An ideal gas is in thermodynamic equilibrium. The number of degrees of freedom of a molecule of the gas
in n. The internal energy of one mole of the gas is Un and the speed of sound in the gas is vn. At a fixed
temperature and pressure, which of the following is the correct option ? [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
(A) v3 < v6 and U3 > U6 (B) v5 > v3 and U3 > U5
(C) v5 > v7 and U5 < U7 (D) v6 < v7 and U6 < U7

Paragraph For Question No. 2

S1 and S2 are two identical sound sources of frequency 656 Hz. The source S1 is located at O and S2 moves
anti-clockwise with a uniform speed 4 2 ms–1 on a circular path around O, as shown in the figure. There
are three points P, Q and R on this path such that P and R are diametrically opposite while Q is equidistant
from them. A sound detector is placed at point P. The source S1 can move along direction OP.
[Given: The speed of sound in air is 324 ms−1] [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
R

S1 Q
O
S2

P
2. When only S2 is emitting sound and it is Q, the frequency of sound measured by the detector in Hz is _____.
Paragraph For Question No. 3
S1 and S2 are two identical sound sources of frequency 656 Hz. The source S1 is located at O and S2 moves
anti-clockwise with a uniform speed 4 2 ms–1 on a circular path around O, as shown in the figure.
There are three points P, Q and R on this path such that P and R are diametrically opposite while Q is
equidistant from them. A sound detector is placed at point P. The source S1 can move along direction OP.
[Given: The speed of sound in air is 324 ms−1] [JEE(Advanced) 2023]
R

S1 Q
O
S2

P
3. Consider both sources emitting sound. When S2 is at R and S1 approaches the detector with a speed 4 ms–1,
the beat frequency measured by the detector is _______Hz.

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JEE Advanced Physics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions ®
4. A source, approaching with speed u towards the open end of a stationary pipe of length L, is emitting a
sound of frequency fs. The farther end of the pipe is closed. The speed of sound in air is v and f0 is the
fundamental frequency of the pipe. For which of the following combination(s) of u and fs, will the sound
reaching the pipe lead to a resonance ? [JEE(Advanced) 2021]
(A) u = 0.8 v and fs = f0 (B) u = 0.8 v and fs = 2f0
(C) u = 0.8 v and fs = 0.5 f0 (D) u = 0.5 v and fs = 1.5 f0
5. A stationary tuning fork is in resonance with an air column in a pipe. If the tuning fork is moved with a
−1
speed of 2 ms in front of the open end of the pipe and parallel to it, the length of the pipe should be
changed for the resonance to occur with the moving tuning fork. If the speed of sound in air is 320 ms−1,
the smallest value of the percentage change required in the length of the pipe is ______.
[JEE(Advanced) 2020]
6. A train S1, moving with a uniform velocity of 108 km/h, approaches another train S2 standing on a
platform. An observer O moves with a uniform velocity of 36 km/h towards S2, as shown in figure. Both
the trains are blowing whistles of same frequency 120 Hz. When O is 600 m away from S2 and distance
between S1 and S2 is 800 m, the number of beats heard by O is ______. [JEE(Advanced) 2019]
[Speed of the sound = 330 m/s]
108 km/h
S2 S1
800m

600m

36km/h
O
7. Two men are walking along a horizontal straight line in the same direction. The man in front walks at a
speed 1.0 ms–1 and the man behind walks at a speed 2.0 ms–1. A third man is standing at a height 12 m
above the same horizontal line such that all three men are in a vertical plane. The two walking men are
blowing identical whistles which emit a sound of frequency 1430 Hz. The speed of sound in air is
–1
330 ms . At the instant, when the moving men are 10 m apart, the stationary man is equidistant from
them. The frequency of beats in Hz, heard by the stationary man at this instant, is ________.
[JEE(Advanced) 2018]
8. In an experiment to measure the speed of sound by a resonating air column, a tuning fork of frequency
500 Hz is used. The length of the air column is varied by changing the level of water in the resonance tube.
Two successive resonances are heard at air columns of length 50.7 cm and 83.9 cm. Which of the following
statements is (are) true ? [JEE(Advanced) 2018]
–1
(A) The speed of sound determined from this experiment is 332 ms
(B) The end correction in this experiment is 0.9 cm
(C) The wavelength of the sound wave is 66.4 cm
(D) The resonance at 50.7 cm corresponds to the fundamental harmonic
9. A stationary source emits sound of frequency f0 = 492 Hz. The sound is reflected by a large car
approaching the source with a speed of 2 ms–1. The reflected signal is received by the source and
superposed with the original. What will be the beat frequency of the resulting signal in Hz ?
(Given that the speed of sound in air is 330 ms–1 and the car reflects the sound at the frequency it has received).
[JEE(Advanced) 2017]
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
 JEE Advanced Physics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions
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10. Two loudspeakers M and N are located 20 m apart and emit sound at frequencies 118 Hz and 121 Hz,
respectively. A car is initially at a point P, 1800 m away from the midpoint Q of the line MN and moves
towards Q constantly at 60 km/hr along the perpendicular bisector of MN. It crosses Q and eventually
reaches a point R, 1800 m away from Q. Let ν(t) represent the beat frequency measured by a person sitting
in the car at time t. Let νP, νQ and νR be the beat frequencies measured at locations P, Q and R,
–1
respectively. The speed of sound in air is 330 ms . Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true
regarding the sound heard by the person ? [JEE(Advanced) 2016]
(A) The plot below represents schematically the variation of beat frequency with time
ν(t)

P
Q
νQ

R
t
(B) The plot below represents schematically the variations of beat frequency with time
ν(t)
P

νQ
Q
R
t
(C) The rate of change in beat frequency is maximum when the car passes through Q
(D) νP + νR = 2νQ
11. Four harmonic waves of equal frequencies and equal intensities I0 have phase angles 0, π/3, 2π/3 and π.
When they are superposed, the intensity of the resulting wave is nI0. The value of n is.
[JEE(Advanced) 2015]
12. A student is performing an experiment using a resonance column and a tuning fork of frequency
244 s–1. He is told that the air in the tube has been replaced by another gas (assume that the column
remains filled with the gas). If the minimum height at which resonance occurs is (0.350 + 0.005) m, the
gas in the tube is [JEE(Advanced) 2014]
1/2
(Useful information : 167RT = 640 J mole –1/2; 140RT = 590 J
1/2
mole–1/2. The molar masses M in

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grams are given in the options. Take the values of for each gas as given there.)
M
 10 7   10 3 
(A) Neon
=  M 20,
=  (B) Nitrogen
=  M 28,
= 
 20 10   28 5 

 10 9   10 17 
(C) Oxygen
=  M 32,
=  (D) Argon
=  M 36,
= 
 32 16   36 32 

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 JEE Advanced Physics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions ®
SOLUTIONS 5. Ans. (0.62 to 0.64)
1. Ans. (C) 1 k
Sol. f∝ ⇒f= ....(1)
1 frT 1 1
Sol.=U =fnrT
2 2
∴ A and B are wrong. (1 ⇒ initial length of pipe)

γRT 2  RT  V  k
v sound
= =  f + 1 M
M    f =
 V − VT  2
⇒ more 'f', less 'v'
∴ v5 > v7
{VT Speed of tuning fork,  2 → new length of pipe}

2. Ans. (648.00) ....(2)

Sol. (1) ÷ (2)
v V − VT  2
=
V 1
2 V − VT
= −1 −1
1 V
P  2 −  1 −VT
C =
f'= f 1 V
C + v cos 45°
 2 − 1 −2
324 × 100 = × 100 =
−0.625
= × 656 = 648 Hz 1 320
1
324 + 4 2 ×
2 Therefore smallest value of percentage change
3. Ans. (8.00 to 8.40) required in the length of pipe is 0.625.
Sol. fP from S2 = 656Hz 6. Ans. (7.00 to 10.00)
C 656 × 324 Sol. Frequency observed by O from S2
fP=
from S1 = f = 664.2
C−V 324 − 4
330 + 10 340
∆f = 664.2 – 656 = 8.2Hz f2 = × 120 = × 120 = 123.63Hz
330 330
4. Ans. (A, D)
 v  frequency observed by O from S1
Sol. f = fs  
v−u 330 + 6 336
f1 = × 120 = × 120 ≈ 131.76Hz
 v  330 − 24 306
=(A) f f0=
 v − 0.8v  5f0
 
 v  S1
=(B) f 2f
=0  10f0
 v − 0.8v 
 v 
=(C) f 0.5f
= 0  2.5f0
 v − 0.8v 
 v 
=(D) f 1.5f
= 0  3f0
 v − 0.5v 
close
beat frequency = 131.76 – 123.63
All odd harmonics are available in closed pipe = 8.128 ≈ 8.12 to 8.13 Hz
therefore correct Answer (A, D).

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 
 JEE Advanced Physics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions
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7. Ans. (5.00) 9. Ans. (6)
Observer (stationary) Sol. Frequency of sound as received by large car
Sol.
13m approaching the source.
13m
12m C + V0  330 + 2 
f1 = f0 =   492Hz.
θ θ B C  330 
A
2m/s 5m 5m 1m/s This car now acts as source for reflected sound
5 wave
cos θ =
13 ∴ freflected = f1
 330   1  frequency of sound received by source,
= fA 1430=  330 – 2 cos θ  1430  2 cos θ 
1 –  
 330  C 
f2 =   f reflected
= 1430 1 +
 2 cos θ   C − V0 
 330 
 330  330 332
(By bionomial expansion) =  × f1 = 328 × 330 × 492Hz
330
 330 − 2 
   cos θ 
= f B 1430  =  1430 1 −
 330 + 1cos θ   330  ∴ Beat frequency = |f0 – f2|
 3cos θ   332 
∆f = f A − f B = 1430  = 13 cos θ = − 1  × 492 Hz
 330 
 328 
5
= 13   = 5.00Hz = 6 Hz
 13 
8. Ans. (A, C or A, B, C) 10. Ans. (A, C, D)
Sol. Let n1 harmonic is corresponding to 50.7 cm C + V cos θ (f1)M
Sol. fM = f1
& n2 harmonic is corresponding 83.9 cm. C
since both one consecutive harmonics.
C + V cos θ
λ fN = f2
∴ their difference = C
2
λ ∆f = fN – fM (f2)N
∴ = (83.9 – 50.7) cm
2 C + V cos θ
λ
= ( f2 − f1 )
= 33.2 cm = 66.4 cm
C
2
d ( ∆f ) V dθ
λ − ( f2 − f1 ) sin θ
=
∴ = 16.6 cm dt C dt
4
length corresponding to fundamental mode d ( ∆f )
∴& is maximum when θ = 90°
λ dt
must be close to & 50.7 cm must be closed
4 [∴ C is correct]
to an odd multiple of this length as 16.6 × 3 =
49.8 cm. therefore 50.7 is 3rd harmonic  V 
νP =  1 + cos θ  ∆f
If end correction is e, then  C 
3λ
e + 50.7 = νQ = ∆f
4
e = 49.8 – 50.7 = –0.9 cm  V 
νR =  1 − cos θ  ∆f
speed of sound, v = fλ  C 
∴ v = 500 × 66.4 cm/sec = 332.000 m/s ∴ νP + νr = 2νQ

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JEE Advanced Physics 10 Years Topicwise Questions with Solutions ®
11. Ans. (3)
Sol. Let amplitude of individual wave is A.
then by using phasor method
A A
A 60° 60°

A
60° A
A
2 2
2 2
So resultant amplitude Ar = A + A + 2a cos 60
22
∴ Ar = 3A
∴ Ir = 3I0
12. Ans. (D)
γRT
Sol. V= [m should be taken in Kg]
m
Neon and argon are monoatomic gas ⇒ γ = 1.67
Nitrogn and oxygen are diatomic gas ⇒ γ = 1.4
1.67 × RT × 1000
∴ V= (m is in grams)
m

10 7
∴ For Neon, V = 167RT × = 640 × m/s
20 10
= 448 m/s
10 3
For nitrogen, V = 140RT × = 590 × m/s
28 5
= 354 m/s
10 9
For oxygen, V = 140RT × = 590 × m/s
32 16
= 331.875 m/s
10 17
For argon, V = 167RT × = 640 × m/s
36 32
= 340 m/s.
From the given information, f = 244 Hz
λ λ
= 0.350 + 0.005 = 0.355 m
4 max 4 min

= 0.350 – 0.005 = 0.345 m

∴ λmax= 1.420 m λmin = 1.380 m
∴ Vmax = 244 × λmax = 346.48 m/sec
Vmin = 244 × λmin = 336.72 m/sec
Only Argon is between them