Agenda
What is programming?
Programming languages
Why do we need to learn Python?
Language translations
Introduction to Python
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5.1 What is programming?
The process of writing computer programs
A complete program is a list of instructions that require computers to execute
Task-oriented program
As simple as adding up a bunch of numbers
As complicated as your operating system
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5.2 Programming languages
A specific way of telling a computer how to do what you want
A programming language is a language that
Has grammar rules
Keywords
Programming languages:
C
C++
Java
Visual Basic
Python
…
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5.2 Programming languages
Markup languages: HTML, XML, SGML, XHTML
Programming languages versus Markup languages
Markup languages are used to create documents
Programming languages are used to create programs
Markup languages describe documents
Programming languages provide instructions for computers to execute
Programming languages allow programmers to add extra functions while markup languages do
not support.
Programing languages support the use of variables, conditional statements, and iterative
statements.
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5.3 Why do we need to learn Python?
Low-level languages (assembly languages/machine languages) are used to perform
specialized tasks like embedded items, microcontrollers.
Well-known languages such as C, C++, Visual Basic, Java are
Used to create desktop applications
Not suitable for the Web
Python is a high-level language
Python is able run on most types of computers regardless operating systems installed on computers
A human-readable language
High-level languages are converted into low-level languages to be executed
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5.3 Why do we need to learn Python?
Python can do
Web Development frameworks: Django, Flask, or Pyramid
Data Analysis and Visualization Libraries: Numpy, pandas, and Matplotlib
Machine Learning and AI Libraries : TensorFlow, PyTorch, scikit-learn
Game Development Libraries : Pygame, Panda3D, and Godot
Desktop GUI Application Libraries : Tkinker, PyQt, and wxPython
Scientific Computing Libraries : SciPy, SymPy, Astropy
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5.4 Language translations
Programming language translators
Assembler: translate assembly language to machine language
Compiler
Interpreter
The compiler and interpreter convert all of the source code of a high-level language into
machine language
Interpreter: Each piece of code is interpreted and then executed in order, and if an error is
discovered inside one part of the code, it stops the code from being interpreted without
being translated to the next set of codes.
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5.5 Introduction to Python
Python is a popular, object-oriented, and structured programming language
Python is highly extensible: Packages for Python can be imported to obtain additional
functionality through conda or pip. Example
A Python program is just a text file that you can edit directly
Some editors for programming
Sublime
Atom
Notepad++
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5.5 Introduction to Python
Whitespace indentation of a piece of code affects its meaning
A logical block of statements must have same indentation
Avoid using TABs because they greatly complicate the indentation scheme
Link: https://developers.google.com/edu/python/introduction
https://www.w3schools.com/python/default.asp
https://docs.anaconda.com/free/navigator/install/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eWRfhZUzrAc&ab_channel=freeCodeCamp.org
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How to run a python program on Windows
Step 1: Download Python from official Python website Python Releases for Windows |
Python.org
Step 2: Install Python on your PC
Step 3: Using Windows PowerShell to run
a python program using the following syntax:
python python_program_name.py
Notepad++ can be used to create a python program
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Example
Find solutions of a quadratic equation
#Find solutions of a second degree equation #User-defined function
import math def greeting(name):
a = float(input("a = ")) print("Hello",name)
b = float(input("b = ")) #Call the function
c = float(input("c = ")) var_name = input("Enter your name:")
delta = b**2 - 4*a*c greeting(var_name)
If delta > 0:
x1 = (-b + math.sqrt(delta))/2/a
x2 = (-b - math.sqrt(delta))/2/a
print("The given equation has two distinct real solutions:")
print("x1 =",x1)
print("x2 =",x2)
elif delta<0:
x1 = complex(-b/2/a, math.sqrt(-delta)/2/a)
x2 = complex(-b/2/a, -math.sqrt(-delta)/2/a)
print("The given equation has two distinct complex solutions:")
print("x1 =",x1)
print("x2 =",x2)
else:
x = -b/2/a
print("The given equation has a unique solution x =",x)
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