11th H1 PT-2 (Assignment) Psych

SURMOUNT INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
TARAMANDAL, GORAKHPUR
SESSION: 2023 - 24
Standard: XI Assignment
Date: Subject: Psychology
General Instructions:
I. All questions are compulsory except where internal choice has been given.
II. Question Nos. 1 -15 in section A carry 1 mark each. You are expected to answer them as directed.
III. Question Nos. 16-20 in Section B are very short answer type-I questions carrying 1 marks each.
Answer to each question should not exceed 30 words.
IV. Question Nos. 21-23 in Section C are short answer type-II questions carrying 1.5 marks each. Answer
to each question should not exceed 60 words.
V. Question Nos. 24 - 27 in Section D are long answer type - I questions carrying 2 marks each. Answer
VI. Question Nos. 28-29 in Section E are long answer type - II questions carrying 3 marks each. Answer
VII. Question Nos. 30 – 31 in Section F are based on case given. Answer to each 0.5 mark question should
not exceed 20 words. Answer to each 1 marks question should not exceed 30 words.
SECTION A
1. What is the primary goal of psychology?

A) Predicting behaviour
B) Explaining behaviour
C) Controlling behaviour
D) All of the above
2. Who is considered the father of psychology?

A) Sigmund Freud
B) John B. Watson
C) Wilhelm Wundt
D) B.F. Skinner
3. Which early psychological perspective focused on the function of consciousness?

A) Structuralism
B) Functionalism
C) Behaviourism
D) Gestalt psychology
4. What does the nature vs. nurture debate in psychology explore?

A) Genetic vs. environmental influences on behaviour
B) Conscious vs. unconscious processes
C) Individual differences vs. universal principles
1|Page
D) Cognitive vs. behavioural theories
5. In psychology, what is the term for the tendency to give preferential treatment to information that
confirms our pre-existing beliefs?
A) Confirmation bias
B) Observer bias
C) Sampling bias
D) Placebo effect
6. What is the purpose of a double-blind experiment?
A) To prevent placebo effects
B) To eliminate experimenter bias
C) To ensure random assignment
D) To control for confounding variables
7. Which research method involves an in-depth exploration of a single individual or case?

A) Survey
B) Case study
C) Experiment
D) Correlational study
8. What does the term "random sampling" refer to in psychological research?

A) Selecting participants without any pattern
B) Ensuring equal representation of all demographic groups
C) Using a diverse range of research methods
D) Randomly assigning participants to different groups
9. Which Gestalt principle suggests that people tend to perceive objects as part of a greater whole?
A) Proximity
B) Closure
C) Continuity
D) Figure-ground
10. What is the term for the ability to focus on one stimulus while ignoring others?
A) Sensation
B) Perception
C) Attention
D) Adaptation
11. In classical conditioning, what is the unconditioned response (UCR)?
A) Conditioned stimulus (CS)
B) Conditioned response (CR)
C) Unlearned response to an unconditioned stimulus
D) Learned response to a conditioned stimulus
12. According to operant conditioning, what is negative reinforcement?

A) Adding a pleasant stimulus to increase a behaviour
B) Removing an unpleasant stimulus to increase a behaviour
C) Adding an unpleasant stimulus to decrease a behaviour
D) Removing a pleasant stimulus to decrease a behaviour
13. 13. What is the capacity of short-term memory, according to Miller's famous study?
A) 5 items
B) 7 items
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C) 9 items
D) 12 items
14. What term is used to describe the tendency to remember the first items in a list more effectively?
A) Primacy effect
B) Recency effect
C) Serial position effect
D) Retroactive interference
15. Which memory system is responsible for the storage of information for an extended period?
A) Sensory memory
B) Short-term memory
C) Long-term memory
D) Working memory
SECTION B
16. Differentiate between structuralism and functionalism in psychology. (1)
17. Discuss the goals of psychology.(1)
18. Describe the experimental method in psychology. (1)
19. Explain the role of attention in perception.(1)
20. Discuss the role of retrieval cues in memory recall. (1)
SECTION C
21. Define psychology and explain its scope. (1.5)

22. What is the role of punishment in shaping behaviour? (1.5)
23. Discuss the concept of perceptual constancy. (1.5)
SECTION D
24. Differentiate between short-term and long-term memory. (2)
25. How does psychology contribute to understanding behaviour and mental processes? (2)
26. Describe the process of sensory transduction.(2)

27. Compare and contrast the principles of Psychodynamic approach and Humanistic approach. (2)
SECTION E
28. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using surveys in psychological research? (3)
29. How does naturalistic observation contribute to psychological understanding?(3)
SECTION F
Case-Based Study:
John, a psychology student, is conducting a research study to examine the impact of sleep deprivation on
memory retention in college students. He randomly assigns participants to two groups: one deprived of sleep for 24
hours and another allowed normal sleep. After the experiment, he measures their memory recall using standardized
tests.
30. What ethical considerations should John take into account when conducting his sleep deprivation study?
(0.5)
31. How might John address potential confounding variables to ensure the validity of his research findings?
(1)
3|Page
1. Define psychology and explain its scope.
2. Discuss the goals of psychology.
3. Differentiate between structuralism and functionalism in psychology.
4. How does psychology contribute to understanding behavior and mental processes?
5. Explain the importance of cross-cultural psychology.
### 2. Methods of Enquiry in Psychology
1. Describe the experimental method in psychology.

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using surveys in psychological research?
3. Discuss the ethical considerations in psychological research.
4. Explain the difference between qualitative and quantitative research methods.
5. How does naturalistic observation contribute to psychological understanding?
### 3. Sensory, Attentional, and Perceptual Processes
1. Define sensory adaptation and provide an example.

2. Explain the role of attention in perception.
3. Discuss the concept of perceptual constancy.
4. How do gestalt principles influence our perception?
5. Describe the process of sensory transduction.
### 4. Learning
1. Define classical conditioning and provide an example.

2. Explain the difference between positive and negative reinforcement.
3. Discuss the concept of observational learning.
4. How does extinction occur in the context of operant conditioning?
5. What is the role of punishment in shaping behavior?
### 5. Human Memory
1. Differentiate between short-term and long-term memory.

2. Explain the concept of encoding in the memory process.
3. Discuss the role of retrieval cues in memory recall.
4. How does the misinformation effect influence memory?
5. Describe the serial position effect in memory research.
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SURMOUNT INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

Date: Subject: Psychology

1. What is the primary goal of psychology?

2. Who is considered the father of psychology?

3. Which early psychological perspective focused on the function of consciousness?

4. What does the nature vs. nurture debate in psychology explore?

7. Which research method involves an in-depth exploration of a single individual or case?

8. What does the term "random sampling" refer to in psychological research?

12. According to operant conditioning, what is negative reinforcement?

21. Define psychology and explain its scope. (1.5)

26. Describe the process of sensory transduction.(2)

### 2. Methods of Enquiry in Psychology

1. Describe the experimental method in psychology.

### 3. Sensory, Attentional, and Perceptual Processes

1. Define sensory adaptation and provide an example.

1. Define classical conditioning and provide an example.

### 5. Human Memory

1. Differentiate between short-term and long-term memory.

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