MIND MAPS

Learning MaDE SimpLE

anytime, as frequency as you like

till it becomes a habit!

presenting words and When? To Unlock the imagination

concepts as pictures!! and come up with ideas
What? To Remember facts and
MIND MAP Why?
AN INTERACTIVE MAGICAL TOOL To Make clearer and better
notes
To Concentrate and save
time
Result How? To Plan with ease and ace
exams
with a blank sheet of paper
Learning made simple coloured pens and
‘a winning combination’ your creative imagination!

What are Associations?

It’s a technique connecting the core concept at the Centre to related concepts or ideas. Associations spreading out straight
from the core concept are the First Level of Association. Then we have a Second Level of Association emitting from the first
level and the chronology continues. The thickest line is the First Level of Association and the lines keep getting thinner as we
move to the subsequent levels of association. This is exactly how the brain functions, therefore these Mind Maps.
Associations are one powerful memory aid connecting seemingly unrelated concepts, hence strengthening memory.
 If a man sells two similar
objects, one at a loss of
x% and another at a gain • If x is reduced to x0,
n
of x%, then he always x − x0  R 
then Reduction % = × 100 Value after n years = P  1 − 
incurs loss in this x  100 
transaction and loss% is • If x is increased to x1,
x2 x1− x
% then, Increment x1 % = ×100 Po
P
Population
100 x Depreciation
after
aafft n years
Fraction to % n
 R 
• Cost Price (C.P.) ndred
un
‘Per’ hundred 3 = P1 + 
denotedd by % × 100 = 75%  100 
• Selling Price (S.P.) 4
• Marked Price (M.P.)
• Profit-Loss (P L)
Profit Loss (P-L)
Profit / Loss % tto fraction
50
• Profit = S.P. – C.P. 50
50% =
Percentage
age 100
• Loss = C.P. – S.P.
P
• Profit % = × 100% More/less s Percentage
ss tage
C.P. Discount = Marked Price – Selling Price
L • A is R % more than B, then B is
= × 100% discount less than
han
n A by b
• Loss % C.P. Discount % = × 100
Marked price  R 
Discount
unt  × 100 %
x − y  R + 100 
• Gain/Loss% =   × 100 If an article is sold at D% discount, then
 y  • A is R% less than B, then B is more
 100 − D  S.P × 100 than A by
  gain   S.P = MP   or MP =
 100 ±  loss    100  100 − D  R 
=    × C.P.  × 100 %
• S.P.  100 − R 
 100 
  • If a% and b% are two succeissive losses then (negative sign shown
 
Where x = S.P., ab
loss and positive sign shows profit). Total loss % = [−a − b + ]
y = C.P. 100
• If an object is sold on r% loss, • If a% profit and b% loss occur, simultaneously then overall loss or  xy 
Single discount =  x + y − %
ab  100 
then, S.P. =
[ 100 − Loss%] × C.P. profit % is [a − b − ]%
100 100 where x and y are two successive
100 loss  ab  discounts.
or C.P. = ×S.P. • If a% loss and b% profit occur then, total is −a + b − %
profit  100 
[ 100 − Loss%]
(−ve sign for loss, +ve sign for profit)

Trace the Mind Map 

First Level Second Level Third Level
 n( n  1)(2n  1) If the average of n1 number is a1 and the average of n2
• Sum of 12, 22, 32, 42, 52…n2 = 6 numbers is a2, then the average of total numbers n1 and n2 ,
2
 n( n  1)  n1 a1  n2 a2
• Sum of 13, 23, 33……n3 =   Average =
 2  n1  n2

The Average of first n consecutive even

Natural numbers i.e. 2, 4, 6, …. 2 n = n+ 1 Problems on Ages
The Average of first n consecutive odd
natural numbers i.e. 1, 3, 5, …..(2n – 1) = n Puzzle type
Questions Based
verage and
Average
A on Ages of a
• If the current age is x, Person
then the age after n years will be (x + n) years.
• If the current age is x,
Problems on
then the age years before will be ( x – n) years.

• If the age is given in the form of a ratio, for Ages Solving using known
example, p : q, then the ages shall be considered Mathematical tools
as px and qx, repectively.
• If the current age is x,
then n times the current age will be (x × n)
years. Average
• If the current age to be x, (Arithmetic Mean)
1 x
then of the age will be equal to   years.
n n

k number of observations with Trace the Mind Map 

n1, n, ... nk numbers having Sum of Observations
A First Level Second Level Third Level
A1, A2, …… Ak averages Total number of Observations
respectively.
Then, Combined average
n1 A1  n A   .....  nk A k n1
 Average of first n terms =
n1  n  .......  nk 2
 Sub-duplicate ratio Mixed ratio Quantity of cheaper C.P of dearer  Mean price
Let x:y and P:Q 
a:b a : b Triplicate ratio Quantity of dearer Mean price  C.P of cheaper
a : b  a3 : b 3 be two ratio then, Px:Qy is
Called mixed ratio.
Duplicate ratio
a : b  a2 : b 2 Sub-triplicate ratio
Active Partner Sleeping Partner
a:b3a : 3a

Alligation
a
Ratio: or a : b
b Partners Who invest in a Business

Ratio & Proportion/

Ratio and Proportion Partnership
Alligation & Partnership
If a : b :: c : d
then ad = bc
Proportion
a c Invertendo Partnership Share in a Business,
a : b  c : d or  a c b d
b d a : b :: b : c, c is Properties    Joint venture etc.
third proportion b d a c
Directly proportional
Compound Partnership
If x  ky, where k is a
ab is mean proportion of a and b Alternendo
constant.
It is written as x  y a c a b
   Simple Partnership
a : b :: c : d b d c d
d is forth proportion
Componendo
Inversely proportional Componendo – Dividendo Dividendo a c ab cd
k a c ab cd a c ab cd   
If x  where k is a constant.       b d b d
y b d ab c d b d b d
1
It is written as x 
y
Trace the Mind Map 
First Level Second Level Third Level
Letters or group of letters follows a Sum of the opposite letters is always 27. Opposite letter to the letter as,
opposite
certain rule like repetition of letter or N  M
group of letters. opposite
C  X
Vowels sequence
A, E, I, O, U

Based on position of alphabetical order

as A = 1, M = 13, P = 16, Y = 25, U = 21

Alphabet Series
Small letter based series:
ab _ d _ aaba _ na _ bachaa _ b
Opposite letter
series e.g., AZ, BY

Types of questions
Continous alphabetical series Skipping letter series
or group series
Multiple series
e.g., D, U, E, V, F, W, G, Y

Steps to solve continuous series Continuous addition in position Continuous subtraction in

I. Count the number of letters in series of letters position of letters
II. Divide number of letters in equal parts
or in groups of equal letters.
III. Identify the pattern followed.
Addition and subtraction
IV. Fill the blanks accordingly and choose
alternatively in position of
the best match option.
letters.

Trace the Mind Map 

First Level Second Level Third Level
# Key Points to Identify Pattern Firstly identify the pattern then find the next
 Series increasing rapidly means Ascending/Descending Series or missing number following same pattern.
multiplication in action.
 Series decreasing rapidly Priority Sequence
Prime No. Series
means division in action. 1. Square/cube (Add, Subtract)
 Constant increasing means Finding next or missing
2. Mathematical operation (+, –, , x)
addition in action. number of a series.
3. Prime number
 Constant decreasing means 4. Divisibility
subtraction in action.

2
N  1series  Number Series Types of Questions
2
N  1series 
Opposite letter
Series e.g., AZ, BY Finding the wrong number in
a series
Number Series
Skipping letter series

Mixed operation series Geometric progression

The number disturbing the
Continous divide pattern or not following the
or multiply by same pattern will be the
a number wrong number.

Arithematic progression
Multiplication series Trace the Mind Map 
First Level Second Level Third Level
Continuous addition or Division series
subtraction Alternate series
 Alphabetical Message Coding Numerical  Unique Pattern/code
Coding Coding

Substitution Coding
Mathematical Operation

What to do : Types Square/Cube Addition/Subtraction Multiplication/Division

We have to identify a certain coding rule or
pattern and apply the same rule or pattern
Alpha-numeric
on given question word/letters or number
coding
to find correct answer.
 Forward Rank
 Backward Rank
 Special Rank
Major Types of Coding Logics
 Constant addition/subtraction in the position of letters.
 Denoting the position of letters according to alphabetical
Backward order
order.
 V Q L G B
 Constant addition and subtraction alternatively.
 Square of the number of the letters.

 Arrangement of letters in reverse order.
5 10 15 20 25
Coding and  X U R O L I F C
 Interchanging group or pair of letters of a word.
Decoding 
3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24

Order of the
English Alphabet Remember : Forward order
 E J O T Y  C F I L O R U X  D H L P T X
                  
5 10 15 20 25 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 4 8 12 16 20 24

Forward order
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
position
Alphabets A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Backward
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
order position

Trace the Mind Map


First Level Second Level Third Level
 250
Line Graph Complex Table:
Graphs 200 More than one attribute or
150 characteristic of the data are
Pie-Chart
presented.
100

50

0
15% 10% Simple Table:
A B C D
In a simple table, only one
20%
attribute (quality) or specialty
25%
Bar Graphs Tables of the data is presented
30% Data Interpretation
Representing data
Systematically in Rows
Simple Bar Graph
h and Columns
Multiple Bar Graph
h Sub-divided Bar Graph
Angle of a sector
Value of the sector
4000 = × 360°
40 Total value
500
3000
Value of sector
30 400
Angle of the sector
300 = × Total value
20 2000 360°
200
10 100 1000
0
0 0
2015 2016 2017
2012 2013 2014 A B
Year
Year Trace the Mind Map 
First Level Second Level Third Level