An Investigation on the High Unemployment Rate among Graduate Students in Nkurenkuru.

Research Proposal

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Student No:
 CHAPTER ONE

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction of the Study

This research proposal aims to investigate the high unemployment rate among graduate students
in Nkurenkuru. Unemployment among graduates is a growing concern worldwide, and it is
essential to understand the specific factors contributing to this issue in Nkurenkuru, a region with
its unique socio-economic dynamics. This study will explore the causes, consequences, and
potential solutions to address the unemployment challenges faced by graduate students in
Nkurenkuru.

1.2 Background of the Study

Nkurenkuru is a town located in the Kavango West Region of Namibia. Over the years, the
region has witnessed a significant increase in the number of tertiary education institutions
offering various degree programs. However, despite the growing number of graduates, there is a
persistently high unemployment rate among them. This situation is alarming and demands
immediate attention to identify the underlying factors contributing to graduate unemployment
and to propose effective strategies for combating it.

1.3 Statement of the Problem

The high unemployment rate among graduate students in Nkurenkuru is a matter of concern that
requires an in-depth investigation. Despite the investments made in higher education, many
graduates struggle to find suitable employment opportunities, leading to a waste of human capital
and societal challenges. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the reasons behind this trend and
develop effective measures to alleviate the unemployment burden on the graduates and the
community as a whole.

1.4 Purpose of the Study

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors contributing to the high unemployment rate
among graduate students in Nkurenkuru and propose recommendations to address this issue. By
examining the root causes and consequences of graduate unemployment, this research aims to
provide valuable insights that can inform policy decisions and interventions to promote better
employment prospects for graduates in the region.

1.5 Objectives of the Study

The objectives of this study are as follows:

1. To assess the extent and nature of graduate unemployment in Nkurenkuru.

2. To identify the factors contributing to the high unemployment rate among graduate
students.

3. To explore the socio-economic consequences of graduate unemployment on individuals

and society.

4. To propose recommendations and strategies to address the challenges faced by

unemployed graduate students.

1.6 Research Questions

To achieve the stated objectives, this study will address the following research questions:

1. What is the extent and nature of graduate unemployment in Nkurenkuru?

2. What are the key factors contributing to the high unemployment rate among graduate
students?

1.7 Significance of the Study

This research is significant for several reasons. First, it will provide a comprehensive
understanding of the causes and consequences of graduate unemployment in Nkurenkuru,
shedding light on the unique challenges faced by this specific population. Second, the study will
contribute to the existing body of knowledge on graduate unemployment in the region, thereby
enabling policymakers, educators, and other stakeholders to develop targeted interventions and
policies. Finally, the findings of this study will serve as a valuable resource for future researchers
investigating unemployment issues in similar contexts.

1.8 Research Hypotheses

The following research hypotheses will guide the investigation:

H1: Limited availability of job opportunities in Nkurenkuru contributes to the high

unemployment rate among graduate students.

H2: Inadequate career guidance and counseling services in educational institutions negatively
impact graduate students' employability.

1.9 Delimitation of the Study

This study will focus specifically on graduate students in Nkurenkuru and their unemployment
challenges. The research will consider factors related to job availability, skill mismatches, and
career guidance services. However, it will not explore unemployment issues among non-graduate
individuals or factors unrelated to the specific context of Nkurenkuru.

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction

The purpose of this literature review is to examine existing research on graduate unemployment,
both globally and within the Namibian context. It will explore various theories, models, and
empirical studies related to graduate unemployment, job market dynamics, and factors
influencing employability. By analyzing the existing literature, this review aims to identify gaps
in the current knowledge and provide a foundation for the subsequent chapters of this study.

2.2 Graduate Unemployment: Global Perspective

Graduate unemployment has become a prevalent issue worldwide, affecting economies and
societies across different countries and regions. Many studies have investigated the causes and
consequences of graduate unemployment, offering insights into its complex nature. Research
suggests that the mismatch between the skills possessed by graduates and the requirements of the
job market is a key contributing factor to high unemployment rates. Matt (2021), Skill gaps in
areas such as technical expertise, communication, and adaptability have been identified as
barriers to successful employment for graduates.
Furthermore Gary (2020) stated that economic factors, including the availability of job
opportunities, economic growth rates, and labor market conditions, play a significant role in
graduate unemployment. Studies have found that economic recessions and slow job creation can
exacerbate unemployment rates among graduates. Additionally, the qualities of education and
training programs, as well as the relevance of the curriculum to the needs of the industry, have
been recognized as crucial factors influencing graduate employability.

2.3 Graduate Unemployment in Namibia

Namibia, like many other countries, faces challenges regarding graduate unemployment. Despite
increased investments in higher education, graduates in Namibia often encounter difficulties in
securing suitable employment opportunities. The literature on graduate unemployment in
Namibia is relatively limited but provides valuable insights into the unique context of the
country.

A study conducted by Nghifikwa and Nghifitikeko (2018) found that a lack of work experience,
limited access to job information, and inadequate career guidance services were significant
obstacles for Namibian graduates seeking employment. Furthermore, the study identified skill
mismatches, particularly in the areas of critical thinking, problem-solving, and entrepreneurship,
as key factors contributing to graduate unemployment.

2.4 Factors Influencing Graduate Employability

The literature highlights several factors that influence graduate employability. These include
academic performance, internship experiences, networking capabilities, and soft skills
development. Research indicates that graduates with higher academic achievements and relevant
work experiences, such as internships or practical training, have better employment prospects.

Additionally Martin (2018) added, the development of soft skills, including communication,
teamwork, and adaptability, is essential for graduates to succeed in the job market. Studies have
shown that employers increasingly value these skills, alongside technical competencies, when
making hiring decisions. The literature also emphasizes the role of career guidance services in
enhancing graduates' employability by providing guidance, counseling, and support in career
decision-making and job search strategies.
2.5 Gaps in the Literature

Despite the growing concern over graduate unemployment, there are still gaps in the existing
literature, particularly regarding the Nkurenkuru context. Limited research has specifically
addressed the high unemployment rate among graduate students in Nkurenkuru and identified the
unique factors contributing to this issue. Therefore, this study aims to fill this research gap by
investigating the factors specific to the Nkurenkuru region that contribute to the high
unemployment rate among graduate students.

Furthermore, while some studies have examined the overall factors influencing graduate
employability in Namibia, there is a need for a more detailed analysis of the challenges faced by
graduate students in Nkurenkuru. This study will provide a localized understanding of the issue,
considering the socio-economic dynamics and specific context of Nkurenkuru, which will
contribute to the existing body of knowledge on graduate unemployment in Namibia.

CHAPTER THREE

3. Research Design and Methodology

3.1 Introduction

This chapter presents the methodology that will be used in the study. The chapter will comprise
of the following components: research design, population, and sample size, sampling procedure,
data collection instruments, data analysis and ethical considerations. And the summary of the
chapter will be given.

3.2 Research Design

The research design shows the final selection of the appropriate methodology, the data collection
instruments intended to be put in use, the chosen methods of data analysis and interpretation. The
study will use a descriptive survey research design, in that it will ensure that accurate account on
the state of affairs in the Nkurenkuru with regards to the high unemployment rate among
graduate students. A qualitative method will also be used in order to study the attitudes and
opinions of the students.

3.3 Data Collection

3.3.1 Study Population

According to Kombo and Tromp (2006) a population is defined as a group of people, objects or
items from which the samples are taken for measurement. The research will be based in
Nkurenkuru Town that has a diverse population of over a 10 000 of people, including over
thousands of graduate students that are unemployed.

3.3.2 Sample Size and Techniques

A sample is a finite part of a statistical population whose properties are studied to gain
information about the whole (Kombo and Tromp, 2006). A small proportion of the population
will be selected for analysis; it will consist of a part or subset of the individuals of the population
which will be selected to represent the entire population. A total sample of 30 respondents will
participate in this study.

3.3.3 Research Instruments

The research instruments that will be used to collect data for this study include interviews.
Interviews will be conducted to gather qualitative data, allowing for an in-depth exploration of
students' perspectives, emotions, and experiences in relation to unemployment.

3.3.4 Procedures

For the qualitative component, a subset of participants will be selected for interviews. The
researchers will schedule and conduct one-on-one interviews either in person or through virtual
platforms. The interviews will be audio or video recorded with the participants' consent.

3.3.5 Validity and Reliability

To ensure the validity and reliability of the research instruments and data collection procedures,
several measures will be implemented. Firstly, a pilot test will be conducted with a small sample
of participants to identify any ambiguities or issues in the interview protocols. This will allow for
refinement and improvement of the instruments. Secondly, inter-rater reliability checks will be
performed for the interview data, where multiple researchers will independently analyze a subset
of interviews and compare their interpretations to ensure consistency. Lastly, established scales
or measures will be utilized where applicable, ensuring that reliable and validated instruments
are used to assess variables such as academic performance, well-being, and educational
experience.

3.3.6 Data Analysis and Presentation

According to Kombo and Tromp (2006) data analysis refers to the examination of data collected
in a study and making logical conclusions and suggestion. The data collected in a study will be
examined and logical conclusions and suggestions will be made. Data will be analyzed using
content analysis and all transcribed responses will be reviewed. Data collected will be analyzed
and organized by; gathering the notes, reviewing and exploring the data severally to ensure that
the information obtained reveals acts which will lead to new information, experience and views.

3.3.7 Ethical Considerations

The moral principles will be put into reflection by sticking to the standards that would prevent
against the fabrication or falsifying of data and therefore, promote the pursuit of knowledge and
truth which is the primary goal of research, principles are put in place in order not to infringe
into the respondents’ rights, by the use of offensive language and failure to obtain an informed
consent from their research respondents, therefore, an informed verbal consent will be obtained
from the participants prior to their participation. Confidentiality will be observed and anonymity
will also be taken into account in that the respondents will not be required to indicate their names
on the interview guide. The research will be conducted in a manner that will not expose the
respondents to any harm in that the research questions will not use embarrassing questions,
offensive language or threatening questions/statements when collecting data.
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