A MAJOR PROJECT REPORT ON

LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirments
for the award of the degree of
BACHLOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATION
to
GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTH UNIVERSITY , DELHI

Under the Guidence of Submitted by

Ms. Neha Roy Dhruva Deswal & Diwanshu Sharma
BCA 6th Sem 1st Shift

01320602020 & 01420602020

SESSION 2020-2023
TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES
(Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi)
Ranked “A+” Institution by SFRC, Govt. of NCT of India
Recognized under section 2(f) of the UGC Act, 1956
NAAC Accredited “B++” Grade Institution

1
 CONTENTS

S No Topic Page No Signature

1. Certificate 3

2. Acknowledgement 4

3. Chapter-1 : Introduction 6

4. Chapter-2 : Methodology 12

5. Chapter-3 : Module’s 16

6. Chapter-4 : Tools: Software and Hardware Requirement 18

7. Chapter-5 : Systems Design-ER diagram/DFD 22

8. Chapter-6 : Systems Development (Coding) 30

9. Chapter-7 : System implementation (Screen Shots) 54

10. Chapter-8 : Future Scope 62

11. Conclusion 64

12. References 65

TRINITY INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL STUDIES

2
 (Affiliated to Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi)
Ranked “A+” Institution by SFRC, Govt. of NCT of India
Recognized under section 2(f) of the UGC Act, 1956
NAAC Accredited “B++” Grade Institution

To Whom we May Concern

We Dhruva Deswal & Diwanshu Sharma, Enrolment No. 01320602020 & 01420602020 from
BCA-V Sem of the Trinity Institute of Professional Studies, Delhi hereby declare that the
Minor Project Report entitled “LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” at Trinity Institute of
Professional Studies is an original work and the same has not been submitted to any other
Institute for the award of any other degree.

Date: Signature of the student’s

Certified that the Project Report submitted in partial fulfilment of Bachelor of

Computer Applications (BCA) to be awarded by G.G.S.I.P. University, Delhi by Dhruva
Deswal & Diwanshu Sharma, Enrolment No. 01320602020 & 01420602020 has been
completed under my guidance and is Satisfactory.

Date: Signature of the guide

Name of guide: Ms. Neha Roy
Designation: Assistant Professor

Acknowledgement

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We would like to express our special thanks of gratitude to our Project supervisor Ms. Neha
Roi who devoted her precious time to interact, guide and gave us the golden opportunity to
do this wonderful project on the topic LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM.

Which also helped us in doing a lot of Research and we came to know about so many new
things.

We are thankful to her.

Secondly, we would also like to thank our parents and friends who helped us a lot in finishing
this project within the limited time.

We made this project not only for marks but to also increase our knowledge.

THANKS AGAIN TO ALL WHO HELPED US.

Dhruva Deswal & Diwanshu Sharma, 01320602020 & 01420602020

LIST OF TABLES

4
Table No Title Page No

4. LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No Title Page No

1 Introduction 7

2 Systems Requirement Analysis 11

3 Systems Feasibility Study 16

4 Systems Design 21

5 Systems Development 30

6 Systems Implementation 73

7 Systems Testing 82

8 Future Scope 93

5. LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

S No Abbreviated Name Full name

1 CMS Content Management System

2 HTML HyperText Markup Language

3 CSS Cascading Style Sheets

4 JS JavaScript

5 VS Code Visual Studio Code

6 PHP Hypertext Preprocessor

7 MySQL My Structured Query Language

5
INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER - 1
6
 INTRODUCTION
LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

A college library management is a project that manages and stores books information
electronically according to students needs. The system helps both students and library
manager to keep a constant track of all the books available in the library. It allows both the
admin and the student to search for the desired book. It becomes necessary for colleges to
keep a continuous check on the books issued and returned and even calculate fine. This task
if carried out manually will be tedious and includes chances of mistakes. These errors are
avoided by allowing the system to keep track of information such as issue date, last date to
return the book and even fine information and thus there is no need to keep manual track of
this information which thereby avoids chances of mistakes.
Thus this system reduces manual work to a great extent allows smooth flow of library
activities by removing chances of errors in the details.
Library Management System is an application which refers to library systems which are
generally small or medium in size. It is used by librarian to manage the library using a
computerized system where he/she can add new books, videos and Page sources. Books and
student maintenance modules are also included in this system which would keep track of the
students using the library and also a detailed description about the books a library contains.
With this computerized system there will be no loss of book record or member record which
generally happens when a non computerized system is used. All these modules are able to
help librarian to manage the library with more convenience and in a more efficient way as
compared to library systems which are not computerized.

OBJECTIVE :

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“Library Management System” is software developed for maintaining the record of the
student on the daily basis in the collage. Here the staffs, who are handling the subjects, will
be responsible to mark the book issued by the students. Admin will be given with a separate
user-id and password . An accurate report based on the book issued by the student is
generated here. This system will also help in evaluating the amount of fine due or paid by the
student .

Features available in the best library management system

software :-
It can be very daunting If it is the first time that your educational institution is automating
library management. It is important to make the right decision because the LMS must exactly
fit your requirements. The last thing you want is software that does not work the way you
expected it to. A good library management system will have various subsystems

8
1. Acquisition management module

Libraries need to keep refreshing their resources but the full acquisition cycle is manually
intensive. Keeping track of all the different cogs involved is easier with Acquisition
Management Module. IT starts with the selection of resources which is done using pre-order
bibliographic searching of the library catalog to avoid duplication and then

 The order is placed

 The goods are received

 Quality checked,

 Invoices processed

 Payment is made to vendors

 Records of the acquisitions are maintained

 Automatic allocation of book IDs to new acquisitions

2. Catalog management module

A very important feature is catalog management, the method by which metadata is created
representing the knowledge resources of your library such as books, articles, documents,
audio clips, maps, digital content. The software will digitally keep track of what is available
in the library and catalog the content by title, subject, author and date of publishing.

The system uses rack numbers and location identifiers to catalog library resources so that
students and staff know exactly which shelf of which rack the book or knowledge resource
they are looking for can be retrieved from.

3. User management module

A detailed database of users with their name, ID, login and password is created. This helps in
keeping track of the member’s library usage. Also, a multi-user environment ensures that
many users can use the software without speed or access issues.

9
4. Circulation management module

The library management system is integrated with barcodes, smart cards and /or RFID to
track the movement of books as well as for stock verification. RFID or radio frequency
identification uses automatic identification and data capture (AIDC) technology. Here
digital data encoded in RFID tags or smart labels are captured using radio waves and then
entered directly into computer systems. RFID tag data can be read outside the line of
sight of the electronic reader. However, barcodes must be aligned with an optical scanner.

Smart cards differ from RFID tags in that they incorporate both RFID and barcode
technologies. Students also have their ID and library cards enabled with tag or barcode
integration with the library management system of your school ERP. The downside of RFID
technology which is newer than barcode integration is that RFID cards, tags, and readers are
more expensive.

Barcode scanning is a visual depiction of the unique item number assigned to each resource
which can be read electronically by a scanner. Coding is done on the basis of title, author,
topic and date of publishing. Each barcode is linked to a corresponding entry in a computer
database which is automatically updated when books are scanned at the time of issue or
return.

The search function should enable students to go to the library section on the school or
college website and easily search for their topic. The librarian and students should be able to
search by names of authors, subjects or even publishers or can define the search field with
search filters based on need. The search result will inform the user whether the resource is
available and where to find it. In case the book is checked out, it can also send notifications
when a particular book is available.

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5. Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC)

The advantage of an online public access catalog system has been highlighted during remote
learning because of the pandemic. Students can search for books, e-resources and journals
from wherever they are and need not be confined to the library premises. Students will need
to enter their login credentials and password via the web to access the catalog. The search
results could offer students direct electronic access to the resources or give their physical
location in the library.

6. Fee management module

The software keeps track of membership fees and manages individual student accounts. In
case of unreturned, lost or damaged books, the software throws up the fine due from the
student by automatically counting days from the due date. Next comes intimating the student
of the fine and ensuring that until the payment is made, there are restrictions on the student
using the library’s resources.

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METHODOLOGY

12
 CHAPTER - 2
METHODOLOGY

I conducted this research to a comprehensive literature review. Then I found existing

software development methodologies like Waterfall development methodology, Rapid
application development, DevOps deployment methodology, Agile development
methodology, Prototype Methodology, etc. The following table represents the pros and cons
of each software development methodology.
Development Description Pros Cons
Methodology

Agile development Agile development The primary benefit of Agile development

methodology methodology is used to agile software methods rely on real-
minimize risk (such as development is that it time communicatio n, so
bugs, cost overruns, and allows software to be new users often lack the
changing requirements) released in iterations. documentatio n they
when adding new Iterative releases need to get up to speed.
functionality. In all agile improve efficiency by They require a huge
methods, teams develop allowing teams to find time commitment from
the software in iterations and fix defects and users and are labour
that contain mini - align expectation early intensive because
increments of the new on. They also allow developers must fully
functionality. There are users to realize complete each feature
many different forms of software benefits within each iteration for
the earlier, with user approval.
agile development frequent incremental
method, including scrum, improvements.
crystal, extreme
programming (XP), and
feature -driven
development (FDD)

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Waterfall develop- Rigid linear model that The linear nature of The waterfall
ment method consists of sequential the waterfall development method is
phases (requirements , development method often slow and costly
design, implementation, makes it easy to due to its rigid structure
verification, understand and and tight controls. These
maintenance) focusing on manage. Projects with drawbacks can lead
distinct goals. Each phase clear objectives and waterfall method users
must be 100% complete stable requirements to explore other
before the next phase can can best use the software development
start. There’s usually no waterfall method. methodologies .
process for going back to Less experienced
modify the project or project managers and
direction. project teams, as well
as teams whose
composition changes
frequently, may
benefit the most from
using the waterfall
Rapid application RAD is a condensed RAD is most effective requires a stable team
development development process that for projects with a composition with highly
produces a high -quality well -defined business skilled developers and
system with low objective and a clearly users who are deeply
investment costs. defined user group, knowledgeabl e about
contains four phases: but which are not the application area.
requirements planning, computationa lly Deep knowledge is
user design, construction, complex. RAD is essential in a condensed
and cutover. The user especially useful for development timeline
design and construction small to medium that requires approval
phases repeat until the projects that are time after each construction
user confirms that the sensitive. phase.
product meets all
requirements.

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 DevOps DevOps is not just a DevOps is focused on Some industries have
deployment development improving time to regulations that require
methodology methodology but also a market, lowering the extensive testing before
set of practices that failure rate of new a project can move to
supports an releases, shortening the operations phase. If
organizational culture. the lead time between different departments
DevOps deployment fixes, and minimizing use different
centres on organizational disruption while environments ,
change that enhances maximizing reliability. undetected issues can
collaboration between the To achieve this, slip into production.
departments responsible DevOps organizations Some quality attributes
for different segments of aim to automate require human
the development life continuous interaction, which slows
cycle, such as deployment to ensure down the delivery
development, quality everything happens pipeline.
assurance, and operations smoothly and reliably.

Prototype It is a specialized Gives a clear idea Chances of extension in

Methodology software development about the functional management cost
principle that initiates process of the Excessive involvement
developers towards software Reduces the of client can affect
making only the sample risk of failure in a processing Too many
of the resolution to software functionality changes affect the
validate its functional Assists well in workflow of the
essence to the customers requirement gathering software
and make essential and the overall
iteration before creating analysis
the authentic final
product and the final QA
testing. In fact, the best
part of this methodology
is that it tends to resolve
a set of diversifying
issues occurring with the
waterfall method.

The model that we used is Agile development methodology, which states that the phases are
organized in a linear order. First, the feasibility study is done. Once that part is over, the
requirement analysis and project planning begin, All the design phase starts after the
requirement analysis is complete and the coding begins after the design is complete, Once the
coding is completed, the testing is done

15
MODULE’S

16
 CHAPTER - 3
Module’s

 Admin login: Admin is the one who administers the system by adding or removing e-
books into and from the system respectively.

 User login: Students have to register themselves into the system to create an account.
After registering successfully, they can then login into the system by entering 10 digit
mobile number and their email id.

 Admin Database: The admin can add books to the system by entering the details of
the books and can even update the details.

 User Database :

 Add New Book: Admin and Students can even search for books by entering the name
of the book.

 Manage Book: The admin can view order for the books.

 Add New Category: The students can place order for the books and simultaneously
the quantity of the book ordered will be decremented.

 Manage Category: The student can view the issue and expiry date for the book issued and
can even calculate fine

 Add New Author: Admin can add a new student to the students list

 Manage Author :

 Issue Book :

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Tool’s : Software and
Hardware
Requirment

18
 CHAPTER - 4
Tools: Software and Hardware Requirement
Languages Used :-
1. Front End :
 HTML
 CSS

2. Back End:
 MySql
 PHP

Hardware Required :
1) Pentium 4, 1.4GHZ or above
2) 512 MB RAM or above
3) 20GB free Hard disk space
4) Standard colour Display
5) NIC or Modem (For Remote Sources)
6) LAN Network(For Remote Sources)
7) Any Smartphone

Software Required :
1) Operating System : Any with modern browser supporting HTML5

2) Language : HTML, CSS

3) Backend : MySql, XAMPP
4) Application : Visual Studio Code

HTML :-

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HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language. It is used to design web pages using the
markup language. HTML is the combination of Hypertext and Markup language. Hypertext
defines the link between the web pages and markup language defines the text document
within the tag that define the structure of web pages. HTML is used to create the structure of
web pages that are displayed on the World Wide Web (www). It contains Tags and Attributes
that are used to design the web pages. Also, we can link multiple pages using Hyperlinks.

CSS :-
Cascading Style Sheets, fondly referred to as CSS, is a simply designed language intended to
simplify the process of making web pages presentable. CSS allows you to apply styles to web
pages. More importantly, CSS enables you to do this independent of the HTML that makes
up each web page. It describes how a webpage should look: it prescribes colours, fonts,
spacing, and much more. In short, you can make your website look however you want. CSS
lets developers and designers define how it behaves, including how elements are positioned
in the browser. While html uses tags, CSS uses rulesets. CSS is easy to learn and understand,
but it provides powerful control over the presentation of an HTML document.

MySql :-
A database is a separate application that stores a collection of data. Each database has one or
more distinct APIs for creating, accessing, managing, searching, and replicating the data it
holds. Other kinds of data stores can also be used, such as files on the file system or large
hash tables in memory but data fetching, and writing would not be so fast and easy with those
type of systems. Nowadays, we use relational database management systems (RDBMS) to
store and manage huge volume of data. This is called relational database because all the data
is stored into different tables and relations are established using primary keys or other keys
known as Foreign Keys.

PHP :-
The term PHP is an acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. PHP is a serverside scripting
language designed specifically for web development. It is open source which means it is free
to download and use. It is very simple to learn and use. The files have the extension “.php”.

Visual Studio Code :-

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Visual Studio Code Visual Studio Code, also commonly referred to as VS Code, is a source-
code editor made by Microsoft with the Electron Framework, for Windows, Linux and
macOS. Features include support for debugging, syntax highlighting, intelligent code
completion, snippets, code refactoring, and embedded Git.

XAMPP :-
XAMPP is an abbreviation where X stands for Cross-Platform, A stands for Apache, M
stands for MYSQL, and the Ps stand for PHP and Perl, respectively. It is an opensource
package of web solutions that includes Apache distribution for many servers and command-
line executables along with modules such as Apache server, MariaDB, PHP, and Perl.
XAMPP helps a local host or server to test its website and clients via computers and laptops
before releasing it to the main server. It is a platform that furnishes a suitable environment to
test and verify the working of projects based on Apache, Perl, MySQL database, and PHP
through the system of the host itself. Among these technologies, is a programming Pearl
language used for web development, PHP is a backend scripting language, and MariaDB is
the most vividly used database developed by MySQL. The detailed description of these
components is given below.

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System Design ER-
Diagram/DFD

22
 CHAPTER - 5
Systems Design-ER diagram/DFD

Data Flow Diagram :-

DFD is the abbreviation for Data Flow Diagram. The flow of data of a system or a process is
represented by DFD. It also gives insight into the inputs and outputs of each entity and the
process itself. DFD does not have control flow and no loops or decision rules are present.
Specific operations depending on the type of data can be explained by a flowchart. Data Flow
Diagram can be represented in several ways. The DFD belongs to structured-analysis
modelling tools. Data Flow diagrams are very popular because they help us to visualize the
major steps and data involved in software-system processes.

Data Flow Diagram Symbol :-

1 .Process: -

Input to output transformation in a system takes place because of process function. The
symbols of a process are rectangular with rounded corners, oval, rectangle or a circle.
The process is named a short sentence, in one word or a phrase to express its essence

2.Entity: -

Entity is an object of the system. A source destination data of a system.

3.Data Flow: -

Data flow describes the information transferring between different parts of the
systems. The arrow symbol is the symbol of data flow. A relatable name should be

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given to the flow to determine the information which is being moved. Data flow also
represents material along with information that is being moved. Material shifts are
modelled in systems that are not merely informative. A given flow should only transfer
a single type of information. The direction of flow is represented by the arrow which
can also be bi-directional.

4. warehouse: -

The data is stored in the warehouse for later use. Two horizontal lines represent the symbol
of the store. The warehouse is simply not restricted to being a data file rather it can be
anything like a folder with documents, an optical disc, a filing cabinet. The data warehouse
can be viewed independent of its implementation. When the data flow from the warehouse it
is considered as data reading and when data flows to the warehouse it is called data entry or
data updating.

Levels in DFD are: -

• Zero Level DFD: - It is also known as a context diagram. It’s designed to be an

abstraction view, showing the system as a single process with its relationship to
external entities. It represents the entire system as a single bubble with input and
output data indicated by incoming/outgoing arrows.

• 1-Level DFD: - In 1-level DFD, the context diagram is decomposed into multiple
bubbles/processes. In this level, we highlight the main functions of the system and
breakdown the high-level process of 0-level DFD into subprocesses.

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 • 2-Level DFD: - 2-level DFD goes one step deeper into parts of 1-level DFD. It can be
used to plan or record the specific/necessary detail about the system’s functioning.

Level - 0 DFD :

Level - 1 DFD :

25
Level - 2 DFD :

ER-Diagram :-
ER Diagram is known as Entity-Relationship Diagram, it is used to analyse to
structure of the Database. It shows relationships between entities and their attributes.
An ER Model provides a means of communication.

ER Model is used to model the logical view of the system from data perspective which
consists of these components:

Entity, Entity Type, Entity Set –

26
An Entity may be an object with a physical existence – a particular person, car, house,
or employee – or it may be an object with a conceptual existence – a company, a job,
or a university course.

An Entity is an object of Entity Type and set of all entities is called as entity set. e.g.,
E1 is an entity having Entity Type Student and set of all students is called Entity Set.
In ER diagram, Entity Type is represented as:

Student

Entity Type

Entity Set

Attribute(s):

Attributes are the properties which define the entity type. For example, Roll_No,
Name, DOB, Age, Address, Mobile_No are the attributes which defines entity type
Student. In ER diagram, attribute is represented by an oval.

Attribute

Relationship: -

This represents relation types.

27
 Relationships

Lines: -

It links attribute to entity types and entity types with other relationship types.

28
ER-Diagram :

29
System Development
(coding)

30
 CHAPTER - 6
Systems Development (Coding)

Admin Login :-

31
32
Admin Dashboard :-

33
34
35
Add New Book :-

36
37
38
Manage Book :-

39
40
41
Add New Category :-

42
43
44
Manage Category :-

45
46
47
Add New Author :-

48
49
50
Manage Author :-

51
52
53
Issue book :-

54
55
56
User Login :-

57
58
59
User Dashboard :-

60
61
 System
implementation
(Screen Shots)

62
 CHAPTER - 7
System implementation (Screen Shots)

Admin Login :-

63
Admin Dashboard :-

64
Add New Book :-

65
Manage Book :-

66
Add New Category :-

67
Manage Category :-

68
Add New Author :-

69
Manage Author :-

70
Issue Book :-

71
User Login :-

72
User Dashboard :-

73
Future Scope

74
 CHAPTER - 8
Future Scope

The scope of the project is the system on which the software is installed, i.e. the project is
developed as a online application, and it will work for a particular institute. But later on the
project can be modified to operate on desktop mode.

The project will never get old as it helps us to maintains proper attendance, as in manual
attendance system there is a chance of duplication or any error input but in online attendance
system there is not chance of duplication or error .

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 CONCLUSION

The Library Management System is much more user-friendly, faster in operation and easy to
manage than the manual one. Through the use of it, the librarian can manage the whole data
of the library in a single database in different tables with a much more security than the
traditional way. In a library, tasks like issue/return/add new students/add new books/
checking any discrepancy in stock, calculating fine for overdue books etc. are performed on a
daily basis and suppose a student asks for a particular book from a librarian then he has to
search the book manually which takes a lot of time and there are chances of human error in
that process as well.

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 References

1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_management
2) https://nevonprojects.com/e-library-project/

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