ASSIGNMENT II: XR APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS AND

OUTLINE

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 Table of Contents
1. Introduction..................................................................................................................................2
2. Literature Review Mind-Map......................................................................................................2
3. Requirements Specification.........................................................................................................6
4. Implementation Paper................................................................................................................12
5. Conclusion.................................................................................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................15

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1. Introduction
The project gives an overall aspect of the paper and its objectives presenting as access to the
paper. The undertaking of making a compact augmented reality (AR) application fully intent on
visualizing environmental data is acquainted with the peruser in this part. The primary objective
of the undertaking is to utilize augmented reality (AR) innovation to give customers connecting
with explicit encounters that increment their insight and appreciation of environmental issues
(Rauschnabel et al., 2022). The project expects to close the hole between state-of-the-art
augmented reality innovations and the dire requirement for clever fixes to basic environmental
issues through the advancement of this application.
The significance of requirements definition in actually coordinating the advancement cycle and
ensuring clearness, cognizance, and arrangement with partner assumptions is underscored in the
presentation. A guide for the peruser to follow as they explore the paper's items is given by the
presentation which frames the project's objectives, scope, and the significance of the
requirements definition (Stanney et al., 2021). The presentation features the significance of the
requirements definition in ensuring the consistency and clearness of the advancement cycle of
the undertaking's targets. Requirements definition assists the project with staying by
characterizing its objectives and degree. This assists with correspondence and adjusts the project
as per the requirements.
2. Literature Review Mind-Map
The major thoughts and research discoveries relevant to the production of a compact augmented
reality (AR) application for environmental data visualization are summarized in the mind map of
the literature review. It gives an outline of the primary suggestions and connections tracked
down in the corpus of the current paper as well as bits of knowledge into a scope of points
including convenient augmented reality (AR) applications and related fields.

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 Figure 1: Extended Reality
(Source: Gunkel et al., 2023)
The mind map initially investigates the subject of convenient augmented reality (AR) making
sense of its significance, basic innovations, and potential purposes. It analyzes how augmented
reality innovation has been created from its starting points to the present underscoring
improvements in hardware, software, and UI plans (Gunkel et al., 2023). The mind map gives a
detailed outline of the potential and restrictions of handheld AR gadgets by integrating research
findings and industry headways laying out the establishment for further study.
The mind map digs into the field of environmental augmented reality (AR) by underscoring
applications that analyze environmental data in augmented reality settings. It sees contextual
analyses, logical tasks, and revenue-driven utilizations of augmented reality innovation to spread
information about environmental issues like air contamination, environmental change, and
biological system elements (Xu and Zhang, 2022). The mind map clarifies the capability of
augmented reality (AR) innovation to change individuals' impressions and interactions with their
environmental elements which advances expanded environmental proficiency through the
viewpoint of environmental AR.

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 Figure 2: AR vs. MR vs. VR vs. XR
(Source: Gilardi et al., 2022)
The mind map inspects web-based augmented reality frameworks, including A-Edge and AR.js
that make it simpler to make AR applications that suddenly end in demand for web programs. It
differentiates these frameworks' usefulness, productivity, and similarity while featuring their
benefits and burdens (Gilardi et al., 2022). The mind map additionally shows how area-based
augmented reality encounters could be made conceivable by coordinating geolocation services
like the Google Maps Programming interface. Through an investigation of the interactions
between web-based augmented reality frameworks and geolocation services, the mind map
clarifies the specialized variables and provides the scope that accompanies creating AR
applications that integrate genuine settings.
The mind map investigates signal acknowledgment, voice orders, and other info modalities as it
dives into user interaction paradigms in augmented reality conditions. It goes over suggested
aspects for making explicit user-accommodating points of interaction that increment user joy and
commitment (Ratcliffe et al., 2021). The mind map also describes availability and ease of use
issues in AR configuration, featuring the meaning of comprehensive plan ideas and user-focused
plan methods.

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Figure 3: Literature Review Mind Map
(Source: Created by the learner)

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The mind map finishes by discussing the aspects of security and privacy issues with AR
applications and underlining the need for serious areas of strength for insurance conventions and
administrative structure adherence. It takes a look at user consent methodology, data
anonymization techniques, and encryption frameworks to safeguard user protection and decrease
security dangers (Gong et al., 2021). The mind map underlines the meaning of moral and
dependable AR improvement processes by resolving these issues.
The mind map for the literature review offers an exhaustive clarification of the crucial thoughts,
headways in innovation, and variables to be considered while making a versatile augmented
reality application that envisions environmental data.
3. Requirements Specification

Aspect Description

Development of a handheld augmented reality (AR) application for

Project Scope
visualizing environmental data.

Individuals interested in environmental science, urban planning, and

Target Audience
sustainability initiatives.

Intended Use
- Exploring real-time air quality data in urban environments.
Cases

- Educational tool for students to learn about ecosystem dynamics and

climate change impacts.

- Awareness campaigns to raise public consciousness about environmental

issues.

Limitations - Compatibility with a range of handheld devices and web browsers.

- Accuracy of geolocation data and environmental sensor readings.

- Limited availability of real-time environmental data sources in some

regions.
Table 1: Scope

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Quality
Attribute Description

The application should load quickly and render AR objects smoothly to

Performance
provide a seamless user experience.

The user interface should be intuitive and accessible, with clear instructions
Usability
and minimal cognitive load.

Data transmission and storage must adhere to industry-standard security

Security
protocols to protect user privacy and prevent unauthorized access.

The application should be compatible with a wide range of web browsers

Compatibility (e.g., Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge) and handheld devices (e.g., iOS and
Android smartphones and tablets) to ensure broad accessibility.

The application should be scalable to accommodate increased traffic and data

Scalability
processing demands as the user base grows.

Table 2: Non-Functional Requirements

Aspect Description

UI Elements - Clear navigation menus for accessing different features and functionalities.

- Interactive AR objects with intuitive gestures for manipulation (e.g., pinch to

zoom, swipe to rotate).

- Visual indicators for data visualization and contextual information (e.g.,

color-coded legends, tooltips).

- Gesture-based interactions for manipulating AR objects (e.g., tap to select,

Interactions
drag to move).

- Voice commands for controlling application features (e.g., "show air quality
data").

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 - Wireframes depicting the layout and design of the application interface,
Wireframes
including the home screen, data visualization screens, and settings menu.

Accessibility - Text-to-speech support for users with visual impairments.

- Adjustable font sizes and contrast settings for improved readability.

- Keyboard shortcuts for users with mobility impairments.

Usability - Consistent design language and visual hierarchy for intuitive navigation.

- Minimal cognitive load through clear labeling and intuitive iconography.

- Error prevention and informative error messages for smooth user experience.

Table 3: User Interface Design

Data Aspect Description

- Environmental sensor data, including air quality measurements,

Data Types
temperature readings, humidity levels, and pollutant concentrations.

- Geolocation information, such as latitude and longitude coordinates for

positioning AR objects and accessing location-based data.

- APIs from environmental monitoring agencies for real-time data

Data Sources
retrieval (e.g., EPA AirNow API for air quality data).

- Geolocation services, such as Google Maps API, for accurate

positioning and location-based experiences.

- JSON or XML for structured data exchange between the application and
Data Formats
external data sources.

- 3D model formats (e.g., OBJ, FBX) for rendering AR objects and

visualizations.

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Storage - Local storage on the user's device for caching frequently accessed data
Mechanisms and user preferences.

- Cloud storage solutions (e.g., AWS S3, Google Cloud Storage) for
storing large datasets and user-generated content.

- Encryption of data transmission over HTTPS to protect sensitive

Privacy
information during communication between the application and external
Considerations
APIs.

- User consent mechanism for collecting and processing location data and
personal preferences.

Security - Regular data audits and compliance checks to ensure adherence to

Considerations privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR, COPPA).

- Implementation of access control mechanisms to restrict unauthorized

access to sensitive data.

Table 4: Data Requirements

Technical Aspect Description

- Web-based AR frameworks such as AR.js or A-Frame for creating AR

Technology Stack
content and experiences.

- HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript for frontend development, providing

the foundation for user interface design and interactivity.

- Three.js library for 3D object rendering and manipulation, enabling the

creation of immersive AR visualizations.

- Compatibility with major web browsers including Chrome, Firefox,

Platforms
Safari, and Edge for broad accessibility.

- Support for handheld devices running iOS and Android operating

systems, ensuring compatibility with smartphones and tablets.

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Compatibility - Ensuring compatibility with various screen sizes and resolutions to
Requirements provide a consistent user experience across different devices.

- Optimization for performance on mobile devices, considering hardware

limitations and processing capabilities.

Integration with - Integration with external APIs for real-time data retrieval, such as
APIs environmental monitoring agencies' APIs for accessing air quality data.

- Utilization of geolocation APIs, such as Google Maps API, for accurate

positioning and location-based AR experiences.

- Implementation of RESTful APIs for seamless communication between

the frontend and backend components, facilitating data exchange and
application functionality.

Table 5: Technical Requirements

Test
Category Test Cases Test Procedures Expected Results

- Launch application on AR objects load correctly

Functional 1. Verify AR object
various devices and and are displayed
Testing loading
browsers accurately

2. Test interaction - Perform interaction AR objects respond

gestures gestures on AR objects smoothly to user gestures

- Test application in AR content is positioned

3. Validate
different locations with accurately based on
geolocation accuracy
varying GPS signals user's location

- Conduct user testing

Usability 1. Evaluate UI Users find UI elements
sessions with diverse
Testing intuitiveness and navigation intuitive
participants

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 Users express satisfaction
2. Solicit user - Gather feedback through with clarity of
feedback surveys and interviews instructions and ease of
interaction

3. Assess readability - Test application in Text and visual elements

under different various lighting conditions are readable under
conditions and screen resolutions different conditions

- Use performance
Application loads quickly
Performance 1. Measure load time monitoring tools to
and renders AR content
Testing and rendering speed measure application
smoothly
performance

- Conduct user testing Application responds

2. Evaluate
sessions to assess promptly to user
responsiveness
application responsiveness interactions

- Use performance
3. Monitor resource monitoring tools to Resource utilization is
utilization monitor memory usage within acceptable limits
and CPU utilization

Data transmitted over

- Inspect data transmission
Security 1. Validate data HTTPS is encrypted to
using network monitoring
Testing encryption protect sensitive
tools
information

- Conduct penetration Unauthorized access to

2. Verify access
testing to identify sensitive data or features
control mechanisms
vulnerabilities is prevented

3. Assess - Review authentication

Authentication and
authentication and and authorization
authorization processes
authorization mechanisms with security
are robust and secure
processes experts

Table 6: Test Plan

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4. Implementation Paper
The technique used to make the convenient augmented reality (AR) application for envisioning
ecological data is portrayed in the Execution Paper. This segment incorporates the specialized
execution points of interest, data execution strategies, application plan contemplations, testing
and validation conventions, and methodology utilized.
The paper's methods which depend on agile improvement ideas are iterative and cooperative.
This calls for standard group correspondence and criticism circles to change the application
iteratively and in light of evolving prerequisites (Kluge et al., 2023). Agile improvement
processes empower flexibility and speedy reasoning because of changes ensuring successful
advancement the whole way through the lifetime.

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 Figure 4: Architectural diagram
The plan ideas of the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) are considered while making
applications. With its straightforward route and intelligent elements, the plan tries to give buyers
an instinctive and drawing-in augmented reality experience (Dahl et al., 2020). The application's
format and configuration are imagined utilizing wireframes and mockups to guarantee
arrangement with client assumptions and undertaking targets.
The method involved with carrying out data incorporates assembling, breaking down, and
integrating ecological data into the program. Clients can get constant data on temperature, air

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quality, and other appropriate measurements by using geolocation administrations and natural
checking associations. Security and security measures are set up to safeguard delicate data and
assurance that regulations are followed.
The creation and joining of a few components, like front-end and back-end frameworks,
augmented reality structures, and outside APIs, is alluded to as specialized execution. Frontend
improvement utilizes HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript, making AR content more straightforward
with electronic AR systems like AR.js and A-Edge (McGrath, 2024). Constant data recovery and
representation inside the AR climate are made conceivable through a combination of geolocation
administrations and natural data APIs.
Methodology for testing and validation is fundamental to ensuring the application's reliability
and quality. While ease of use testing evaluates the UI and collaboration plan, practical testing
affirms that the highlights of the application are right. While security testing finds and fixes
possible weaknesses, execution testing assesses the application's responsiveness and asset use.
5. Conclusion
A purposeful and helpful procedure is utilized in the production of the handheld augmented
reality (AR) application for ecological data perception. Using agile methodologies, the
undertaking iteratively works on the application and acclimates to evolving needs. To guarantee
a smooth drawing in augmented reality experience, extraordinary consideration is paid to UI
plan, data execution, and specialized coordination. Techniques for testing and validation
guarantee that the application is dependable, excellent, and follows security necessities. The task
desires to give a significant and easy-to-understand arrangement that will close the hole between
natural mindfulness and forthcoming augmented reality innovation.

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