EX.

NO:01 Programs using I/O Statements and Expressions

DATE:

Aim:
To write C programs using I/O statements and expressions.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Declare n variables.
Step 3: Read the value of n variables.
Step 4: Print the value of n variables.
Step 5: Stop the program

Programs:

Unformatted I/O functions

/*Program illustrate the use of getchar() and putchar() functions*/

#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char n;
n = getchar();
putchar(n);
}

/*Program to illustrate the concept of puts() with gets() functions*/

#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
char name[20];
puts("Enter the Name");
gets(name);
puts("Name is :");
puts(name);
}

/*Program to explain the use of getch() function*/

#include <stdio.h>
main()
{
char n;
puts("Enter the Char");
n = getch();
puts("Char is :");
putchar(n);
getch();
}

Formatted I/O functions

/*Program to illustrate the use of formatted code by using the formatted scanf() function */
#include<stdio.h>
main()
{
char n,name[20];
int abc;
float xyz;
printf("Enter the single character, name, integer data and real value");
scanf("\n%c%s%d%f", &n,name,&abc,&xyz);
printf("\nChar : %c \tName: %s \tInteger data: %d \tReal value %f",n,name,abc,xyz);
getch();
}
Expressions

Example of evaluation statements are

x = a–b/3+c *2–1
y = a–b/(3+c)*(2–1)
z = a–(b/(3+c)*2) –1;

The following program illustrates the effect of presence of parenthesis in expressions.

#inlcude<stdio.h>
main ()
{
float a, b, c x, y, z;
a = 9;
b = 12;
c = 3;
x = a – b / 3 + c * 2 – 1;
y = a – b / (3 + c) * (2 – 1);
z = a – ( b / (3 + c) * 2) – 1;
printf ("x = %f",x);
printf ("y = %f",y);
printf ("z = %f",z);
}
EX.NO:02 Programs using Decision-Making Constructs
DATE:

Aim:
To write C programs using decision-making constructs.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Declare n variables.
Step 3: Read the value of n variables.
Step 4: Check whether the condition is true or false.
Step 5: If the condition is true it executes the statement, else it goes to the next condition or terminates.
Step 6: Stop the program

Program:
//Simple if statement
#include <stdio.h>
void main( )
{
int x, y;
x = 15;
y = 13;
if (x > y)
{
printf("X is greater than Y");
}
}

Program:
//if...else statement
#include <stdio.h>
void main( )
{
int x, y;
x = 15;
y = 18;
if (x > y )
{
printf("x is greater than y");
}
else
{
printf("y is greater than x");
}
}
Program:
//Nested if... else statement
#include <stdio.h>
void main( )
{
int a, b, c;
printf("Enter 3 numbers...");
scanf("%d%d%d",&a, &b, &c);
if(a > b)
{
if(a > c)
{
printf("a is the greatest");
}
else
{
printf("c is the greatest");
}
}
else
{
if(b > c)
{
printf("b is the greatest");
}
else
{
printf("c is the greatest");
}
}
}

Program:
//else if ladder
#include <stdio.h>
void main( )
{
int a;
printf("Enter a number...");
scanf("%d", &a);
if(a%5 == 0 && a%8 == 0)
{
printf("Divisible by both 5 and 8");
}
 else if(a%8 == 0)
{
printf("Divisible by 8");
}
else if(a%5 == 0)
{
printf("Divisible by 5");
}
else
{
printf("Divisible by none");
}
}
EX.NO:03a Write a program to find whether the given year is leap year or not
DATE:

Aim:
To write a C program takes a year as input and finds whether a year is leap year or not.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Take a year as input.
Step 3: Check whether a given year is divisible by 400.
Step 4: Check whether a given year is divisible by 100.
Step 5: Check whether a given year is divisible by 4.
Step 6: If the condition at step 2 and 4 becomes true, then the year is a leap year.
Step 7: If the condition at step 3 becomes true, then the year is not a leap year.
Step 8: Stop the program.

Program:
void main()
{
int year;
printf("Enter a year \n");
scanf("%d", &year);
if ((year % 400) == 0)
printf("%d is a leap year \n", year);
else if ((year % 100) == 0)
printf("%d is a not leap year \n", year);
else if ((year % 4) == 0)
printf("%d is a leap year \n", year);
else
printf("%d is not a leap year \n", year);
}
EX.NO:03b Design a calculator to perform the operations, namely, addition, subtraction,
DATE: multiplication, division and square of a number.

Aim:
To write a C program to design a calculator to perform the operations, namely, addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division and square of a number.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Declare the variables.
Step 3: Read the values of two variables.
Step 4: Display the menu
Step 5: Read the user choice
Step 6: If the choice is +, then adds two numbers, and prints the result.
Step 7: If the choice is -, then subtracts two numbers, and prints the result.
Step 8: If the choice is *, then multiply two numbers, and prints the result.
Step 9: If the choice is /, then divides two numbers, and prints the result.
Step 10: If the choice is s, then square of given number, and print the result.
Step 11: If you want to continue the choice press y else press n.
Step 12: Stop the program

Program:
// Design a Calculator to perform Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, Division and Square of a number
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
void main()
{
int fn,sn;
char c,c1;
float r=0;
clrscr();
printf("Enter the First Number : ");
scanf("%d",&fn);
printf("\nEnter the Second Number : ");
scanf("%d",&sn);
do
{
printf("\nWhich operations you want to perform (+,-,*,/,s)\n");
scanf("%s",&c);
switch(c)
{
case '+':
r = fn+sn;
break;
case '-':
r = fn-sn;
break;
case '*':
r = fn*sn;
break;
case '/':
 r = fn/(float)sn;
break;
case 's':
r = fn*fn;
break;
} // switch
printf("\nResult = %f\n",r);
printf("\ndo you want continue (y/n) :");
scanf("%s",&c1);
} while (c1=='y' || c1=='Y');
} // main
EX.NO:03c Check whether a given number is Armstrong number or not
DATE:

Aim:
To write a C program to check whether a given number is Armstrong number or not.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Declare the variables.
Step 3: Read n value of variables.
Step 4: Store n into another temporary variable tn
Step 5: If tn!=0 then calculate
r=n%10
sum=sum+r*r*r
tn=tn/10
Step 6: Check whether sum equal to n or not. If both numbers are equal, then print number is Armstrong
number.
Step 7: Otherwise print number is not Armstrong number.
Step 8: Stop the program

Program:
/*Armstrong Number - An Armstrong Number is a Number which is equal to it’s sum of digit’s cube. For
example - 153 is an Armstrong number: here 153 = (1*1*1) + (5*5*5) + (3*3*3).*/
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int number, sum=0, rem=0,tempNumber;
printf("Enter an integer number: ");
scanf("%d", &number);
tempNumber=number;
while(tempNumber!=0)
{
rem=tempNumber%10;
sum=sum + (rem*rem*rem);
tempNumber= tempNumber /10;
}
/* checking number is armstrong or not */
if(sum==number)
printf("%d is an Armstrong number.",number);
else
printf("%d is not an Armstrong number.",number);
return 0;
}

Output:
First run:
Enter an integer number: 153
153 is an Armstrong number.
Second run:
Enter an integer number: 167 167
is not an Armstrong number.
EX.NO:04 Given a set of numbers like <10, 36, 54, 89, 12, 27>, find sum of weights based on
DATE: the following conditions
 5 if it is a perfect cube
 4 if it is a multiple of 4 and divisible by 6
 3 if it is a prime number 27

Aim:
To write a C program to find sum of weights based on the following conditions
• 5 if it is a perfect cube
• 4 if it is a multiple of 4 and divisible by 6
• 3 if it is a prime number 27
Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 2: Declare n array variables.
Step 3: Read n number of array elements.
Step 4: Sorting the elements.
Step 5: Check whether the number is perfect cube or not. If it is perfect cube then add sum=sum+5
Step 6: Check whether the number is multiple of 4 and divisible by 6 or not. If the conditions is true then add
sum=sum+4
Step 7: Check whether the number is prime or not. If it is prime number then add sum=sum+3
Step 8: Sort and print the array.
Step 9: Stop the program

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
void main()
{
int nArray[50],wArray[50],nelem,sq,i,j,t;
clrscr();
printf("\nEnter the number of elements in an array : ");
scanf("%d",&nelem);
printf("\nEnter %d elements\n",nelem);
for(i=0;i<nelem;i++)
scanf("%d",&nArray[i]);
// Sorting an array
for(i=0;i<nelem;i++)
for(j=i+1;j<nelem;j++)
if(nArray[i] > nArray[j])
{
t = nArray[i];
nArray[i] = nArray[j];
nArray[j] = t;
}
//Calculate the weight
for(i=0; i<nelem; i++)
{
wArray[i] = 0;
// sq =(int) sqrt(nArray[i]);
if(percube(nArray[i]))
wArray[i] = wArray[i] + 5;
 if(nArray[i]%4==0 && nArray[i]%6==0)
wArray[i] = wArray[i] + 4;

if(prime(nArray[i]))
wArray[i] = wArray[i] + 3;

}
for(i=0; i<nelem; i++)
printf("<%d,%d>", nArray[i],wArray[i]);
getch();

int prime(int num)

{
int flag=1,i;
for(i=2;i<=num/2;i++)
if(num%i==0)
{
flag=0;
break;
}
return flag;
}
int percube(int num)
{
int i,flag=0;
for(i=2;i<=num/2;i++)
if((i*i*i)==num)
{
flag=1;
break;
}
return flag;
}
EX.NO:05a Populate an array with height of persons and find how
DATE: many persons are above the average height.

Aim:
To write a C Program to accept the height of persons and find how many persons are above the average
Height using array.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program.
Step 1: Take the height of a person as input and store it in the variable height.
Step 2: If the variable height is greater than or equal to 100 cm and lesser than or equal to 150 cm, then print
the output as “Dwarf”.
Step 3: If the variable height is greater than or equal to 151 cm and lesser than or equal to 165 cm, then print
the output as “Average Height”.
Step 4: If the variable height is greater than or equal to 166 cm and lesser than or equal to 195 cm, then print
the output as “Taller”.
Step 5: If the variable height is greater than or equal to 196 cm and lesser than or equal to 220 cm, then print
the output as “Above average height”.
Step 6: Else print the output as “Height is abnormal” and break the condition.
Step 7: Stop the program.

Program:
/* C program to accept the height of a person in centimeter and categorize the person based on height as taller,
dwarf , average and above average height person */

#include <stdio.h>
void main()
{
float height[10];
int i,n,dwarf=0,average=0,taller=0,aboveaverage=0;
printf("Enter the number of persons:\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("Enter the height of the persons(in centimetres):\n");
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("Person %d:",i);
scanf("%f",&height[i]);
if ((height[i]>=100) && (height[i]<=150))
dwarf++;
else if ((height[i]>=151) && (height[i]<=165))
average++;
else if ((height[i]>=166) && (height[i]<=195))
taller++;
else if(height[i]>=196 && (height[i]<=220))
aboveaverage++;
else
{
printf("Height is Abnormal\n");
break;
}
}
 printf("Dwarf:%d\nAverage Height:%d\nTaller:%d\nAbove average Height:%d", dwarf, average, taller,
aboveaverage);
}
EX.NO:05b Populate a two dimensional array with height and weight of persons and
DATE: compute the Body Mass Index of the individuals.

Aim:
To write a C program to compute the Body Mass Index of the individuals using two dimensional array
with height and weight of persons.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read n.
Step 3: Read weight and height of n persons.
Step 4: Calculate bmi=weight/((height/100)*(height/100))
Step 5: Print the result of bmi
Step 6: Stop the program

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{

int i,j,n;
float height,weight,bmi[5][5];
printf("Enter the number of persons:\n");
scanf("%d",&n);
printf("\nEnter the height in meters and weight in kilograms of the persons");
for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
bmi[i][0]=i;
for(j=1;j<2;j++)
{
printf("\nPerson %d:",i);
printf("\nHeight: ");
scanf("%f",&height);
printf("Weight: ");
scanf("%f",&weight);
bmi[i][j]=weight/(height*height);
}
}

printf("\nPersons and BMI\n");

for(i=1;i<=n;i++)
{
printf("\nPerson : %d",i);
for(j=1;j<2;j++)
{
printf("\nThe BMI is %f", bmi[i][j]);
//# Conditions to find out BMI category
if (bmi[i][j] < 18.5)
printf("\nunderweight");

else if (( bmi[i][j] >= 18.5) && (bmi[i][j] < 24.9))

 printf("\nHealthy");

else if (( bmi[i][j] >= 24.9) && (bmi[i][j] < 30))

printf("\noverweight");

else if ( bmi[i][j] >=30)

printf("\nSuffering from Obesity");
}
}
}
EX.NO:06 Given a string ―a$bcd./fg‖ find its reverse without changing the position of
DATE: special characters

Aim:
To write a C program to find its a$bcd./fg‖ reverse without changing the position of special characters.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read the string
Step 3: Calculate the string length using strlen.
Step 4: Traverse the string from both ends and check it is special character or not.
Step 5: If it is special character just move to next character.
Step 6: If it is not special character swap both characters.
Step 7: Repeat steps 4 to 6. Until traverse all the characters.
Step 8: Print reversed string.
Step 9: Stop the program

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
void swap(char *a, char *b)
{
char temp = *a;
*a = *b;
*b = temp;
}
void reverse(char *str)
{
char *p1 = str;
char *p2 = str + strlen(str) - 1;
while (p1 < p2) {
while (!isalpha(*p1)) p1++;
while (!isalpha(*p2)) p2--;
if (p1 < p2) {
swap(p1, p2);
p1++;
p2--;
} } }
int main(void)
{
char str[6];
strcpy(str, "a,b$c");
reverse2(str);
printf("%s\n", str);
return 0;
}
EX.NO:7 Convert the given decimal number into binary, octal and
DATE: hexadecimal numbers using user defined functions

Aim:
To write a C program to convert the given decimal number into binary, octal and hexadecimal numbers
using user defined functions.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read n.
Step 3: To convert n to any other base divide n to the base to be converted.
Step 4: Get the remainder and store it in the array.
Step 5: Use the quotient as new n and repeat steps 3 and 4. Until n becomes 0.
Step 6: Print the remainder array in reverse order
Step 7: Stop the program

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
FILE *FP=NULL;
void main()
{
int CH,NUM;
void octal(int);
void binary(int);
void hexa(int);
clrscr();
printf("ENTER DECIMAL NUMBER TO BE CONVERTED : \n");
scanf("%d",&NUM);
printf("\nSELECT CONVERSION");
printf("\n 1. DECIMAL TO BINARY\n");
printf("\n 2. DECIMAL TO OCTAL\n");
printf("\n 3. DECIMAL TO HEXADECIMAL\n");
printf("\nENTER CHOICE HERE :");
scanf("%d",&CH);
switch(CH)
{
case 1 : binary(NUM);
printf("\nOUPUT WRITTEN TO OUTPUT.TXT");
break;
case 2 : octal(NUM);
printf("\nOUPUT WRITTEN TO OUTPUT.TXT");
break;
case 3 : hexa(NUM);
printf("\nOUPUT WRITTEN TO OUTPUT.TXT");
break;
default : printf("\nYOU HAVE ENTERED WRONG CHOICE !!!");
}

getch();
}
void hexa(int Y)
{
char HEXC[5];
int NUM,I,LEN,HEXD[5];
NUM=Y;
LEN=0;
while(Y>0)
{
HEXD[LEN]=Y%16;
Y=Y/16;
LEN++;
};
for(I=LEN-1;I>-1;I--)
{
if(HEXD[I]<10)
HEXC[I]=HEXD[I]+48;
else
HEXC[I]=HEXD[I]+55;
}
if((FP=fopen("output.txt","a+t"))==NULL)
{
printf("FILE CAN'T BE OPENED OR CREATED\n");
exit(0);
}
fprintf(FP,"\nCONVERTED BINARY EQUIVALENT VALUE OF %d IS \t",NUM);
for(I=LEN-1;I>-1;I--)
{
fprintf(FP,"%c",HEXC[I]);
}

}
void binary(int Y)
{
int NUM,I,LEN,BIN[20];
NUM=Y;
LEN=0;
while(Y>0)
{
BIN[LEN]=Y%2;
Y=Y/2;
LEN++;
};
if((FP=fopen("output.txt","a+t"))==NULL)
{
printf("FILE CAN'T BE OPENED OR CREATED\n");
exit(0);
}
fprintf(FP,"\nCONVERTED BINARY EQUIVALENT VALUE OF %d IS \t",NUM);
for(I=LEN-1;I>-1;I--)
{
fprintf(FP,"%d",BIN[I]);
}
 }
void octal(int Y)
{
int NUM,I,LEN,OCT[5];
NUM=Y;
LEN=0;
while(Y>0)
{
OCT[LEN]=Y%8;
Y=Y/8;
LEN++;
};
if((FP=fopen("output.txt","a+t"))==NULL)
{
printf("FILE CAN'T BE OPENED OR CREATED\n");
exit(0);
}
fprintf(FP,"\nCONVERTED OCTAL EQUIVALENT VALUE OF %d IS \t",NUM);
for(I=LEN-1;I>-1;I--)
{
fprintf(FP,"%d",OCT[I]);
}
}

Output:
\
EX.NO:8a From a given paragraph perform the following using built-in functions:
DATE: a. Find the total number of words.

Aim:
To write a C program to find the total number of words using built-in functions.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read the paragraph.
Step 3: Read one character at a time if any blank space then increment the word count variable by 1.
Step 4: Print count
Step 5: Stop the program

Program:
/* C/C++ program to count no of words from given input string. */
#include <stdio.h>
#define OUT 0
#define IN 1
// returns number of words in str
unsigned countWords(char *str)
{
int state = OUT;
unsigned wc = 0; // word count
// Scan all characters one by one
while (*str)
{
// If next character is a separator, set the
// state as OUT
if (*str == ' ' || *str == '\n' || *str == '\t')
state = OUT;

// If next character is not a word separator and

// state is OUT, then set the state as IN and
// increment word count
else if (state == OUT)
{
state = IN;
++wc;
}
// Move to next character
++str;
} return wc; }
// Driver program to tes above functions
int main(void)
{
char str[] = "One two three\n four\tfive ";
printf("No of words : %u", countWords(str));
return 0; }

Output:
EX.NO:8b From a given paragraph perform the following using built-in functions:
DATE: b. Capitalize the first word of each sentence.

Aim:
To write a C program to capitalize the first word of each sentence using built-in functions.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read the paragraph.
Step 3: Capitalize the first character of the paragraph using toupper buitin function.
Step 4: Read one character at a time,and check if it is a full stop(.) then capitalize next character.
Step 5: If any upper case in between the sentence change it to lowercase letter.
Step 6: Print the paragraph.
Step 7: Stop the program

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX 100

int main()
{
char str[MAX]={0};
int i;

//input string
printf("Enter a string: ");
scanf("%[^\n]s",str); //read string with spaces

//capitalize first character of words

for(i=0; str[i]!='\0'; i++)
{
//check first character is lowercase alphabet
if(i==0)
{
if((str[i]>='a' && str[i]<='z'))
str[i]=str[i]-32; //subtract 32 to make it capital
continue; //continue to the loop
}
if(str[i]==' ')//check space
{
//if space is found, check next character
++i;
//check next character is lowercase alphabet
if(str[i]>='a' && str[i]<='z')
{
str[i]=str[i]-32; //subtract 32 to make it capital
continue; //continue to the loop
}
}
else
{
 //all other uppercase characters should be in lowercase
if(str[i]>='A' && str[i]<='Z')
str[i]=str[i]+32; //subtract 32 to make it small/lowercase
}
}

printf("Capitalize string is: %s\n",str);

return 0;
}

Output:
EX.NO:8c From a given paragraph perform the following using built-in functions:
DATE: c. Replace a given word with another word.

Aim:
To write a C program to replace a given word with another word.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read a sentence.
Step 3: Read search and replace strings.
Step 4: Write the user defined function to replace the search with the replace string.
Step 5: Recursively call using the function until there is no occurrence of the search string.
Step 6: Stop the program

Program:
// C program to search and replace
// all occurrences of a word with
// other word.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

// Function to replace a string with another

// string
char *replaceWord(const char *s, const char *oldW,
const char *newW)
{
char *result;
int i, cnt = 0;
int newWlen = strlen(newW);
int oldWlen = strlen(oldW);

// Counting the number of times old word

// occur in the string
for (i = 0; s[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
if (strstr(&s[i], oldW) == &s[i])
{
cnt++;

// Jumping to index after the old word.

i += oldWlen - 1;
}
}

// Making new string of enough length

result = (char *)malloc(i + cnt * (newWlen - oldWlen) + 1);

i = 0;
while (*s)
{
 // compare the substring with the result
if (strstr(s, oldW) == s)
{
strcpy(&result[i], newW);
i += newWlen;
s += oldWlen;
}
else
result[i++] = *s++;
}

result[i] = '\0';
return result;
}

// Driver Program
int main()
{
char str[] = "xxforxx";
char c[] = "xx";
char d[] = "Geeks";

char *result = NULL;

// oldW string
printf("Old string: %sn", str);

result = replaceWord(str, c, d);

printf("New String: %sn", result);

free(result);
return 0;
}

Output:
EX.NO:9 Solve towers of Hanoi using recursion
DATE:

Aim:
To write a C program to solve towers of Hanoi problem using recursion.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read number of disks as num.
Step 3: if num==1 move the disk from frompeg to topeg..
Step 4: Else repeatedly movedisk(num-1,frompeg,auxpeg,topeg)
Step 5: Print the sequence of moves.
Step 6: Stop the program

Program:
/* C program for Tower of Hanoi using Recursion */
#include <stdio.h>
void towers(int, char, char, char);
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Enter the number of disks : ");
scanf("%d", &num);
printf("The sequence of moves involved in the Tower of Hanoi are :\n");
towers(num, 'A', 'C', 'B');
return 0;
}

void towers(int num, char frompage, char topage, char auxpage)

{
if (num == 1)
{
printf("\n Move disk 1 from page %c to page %c", frompage, topage);
return;
}

towers(num - 1, frompage, auxpage, topage);

printf("\n Move disk %d from page %c to page %c", num, frompage, topage);
towers(num - 1, auxpage, topage, frompage);
}

Output:
EX.NO:10 Sort the list of numbers using pass by reference
DATE:

Aim:
To write a C program to sort the list of numbers using pass by reference.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read n.
Step 3: Read n numbers
Step 4: Call the function sort by passing the address of two numbers to swap.
Step 5: Repeat the step 4 untill all numbers are sorted.
Step 6: Print the sorted array
Step 7: Stop the program

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
void swap(int array1[], int array2[])
{
int temp, ai, aj;
ai = *array1;
aj = *array2;
if (ai > aj) /* For decreasing order use < */
{
temp = aj;
aj = ai;
ai = temp;
}
}

int main()
{
int array[100], n, c, d, swap;

printf("Enter number of elements\n");

scanf("%d", &n);

printf("Enter %d integers\n", n);

for (c = 0; c < n; c++)

scanf("%d", &array[c]);

for (c = 0; c < (n - 1); c++)

{
for (d = 0; d < n - c - 1; d++)
{
swap(array[c], array[d]);
}
}
 printf("Sorted list in ascending order:\n");

for (c = 0; c < n; c++)

printf("%d\n", array[c]);

return 0;
}
Output:
EX.NO:11 Generate salary slip of employees using structures and pointers
DATE:

Aim:
To write a C program for generating salary slip of employees using structures and pointers.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read the number of employees.
Step 3: Read employee details and their basic pay ,allowances and detections.
Step 4: Calculate the net pay.
Step 5: Print all details
Step 6: Stop the program

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<dos.h>
struct employee
{
int NO;
char NAME[10];
int DESIGN_CODE;
int DAYS_WORKED;
}EMP[12]={
{1,"GANESH",1,25},
{2,"MAHESH",1,30},
{3,"SURESH",2,28},
{4,"KALPESH",2,26},
{5,"RAHUL",2,24},
{6,"SUBBU",2,25},
{7,"RAKESH",2,23},
{8,"ATUL",2,22},
{9,"DHARMESH",3,26},
{10,"AJAY",3,26},
{11,"ABDUL",3,27},
{12,"RASHMI",4,29}
};
void main()
{

int EMPNO;
void gen_payslip(int);
clrscr();

printf("ENTER THE EMPLOYEE NO TO GENERATE PAYSLIP : ");

scanf("%d",&EMPNO);
if(EMPNO>0 && EMPNO<13)
gen_payslip(EMPNO);
else
printf("\nYOU HAVE ENTERED WRONG EMP NO. !!");
getch();
}
void gen_payslip(int EMPNO)
{
struct date D;
char DESG[10];
float NETPAY,BASIC,PF,PAYRATE,PTAX=200;
getdate(&D);
printf("\n\n\t\t\tSHREE KRISHNA CHEMISTS AND DRUGGIST");
printf("\n\t\t\t\tSALARY MONTH %d %d\n",D.da_mon,D.da_year);
printf("\n\n\tEMP.NO.: %d\t\tEMP.NAME: %s",EMPNO,EMP[EMPNO-1].NAME);
switch(EMP[EMPNO-1].DESIGN_CODE)
{
case 1: PAYRATE=400;
printf("\tDESIGNATION: CLERK");
break;
case 2: PAYRATE=300;
printf("\tDESIGNATION: SALESMEN");
break;
case 3: PAYRATE=250;
printf("\tDESIGNATION: HELPER");
break;
case 4: PAYRATE=350;
printf("\tDESIGNATION: COMP.OPTR");
break;
}
BASIC=PAYRATE*EMP[EMPNO-1].DAYS_WORKED;
PF=BASIC/10;
printf("\n\n\tDAYS WORKED: %d",EMP[EMPNO-1].DAYS_WORKED);
printf("\t\tPAY RATE: %.0f\t\tGEN.DATE:%d/%d/%d ",PAYRATE,D.da_day,D.da_mon,D.da_year);
printf("\n\t ");
printf("\n\n\tEARNINGS\tAMOUNT(RS.)\t\tDEDUCTIONS\tAMOUNT(RS.)");
printf("\n\t ");
printf("\n\n\tBASIC PAY\t%.0f\t\t\tP.F.\t\t%.0f",BASIC,PF);
printf("\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPROF.TAX\t%.0f",PTAX);
printf("\n\n\t ");
printf("\n\n\tGROSS EARN.\t%.0f\t\t\tTOTAL DEDUCT.\t%.0f",BASIC,PF+PTAX);
NETPAY=BASIC-(PF+PTAX);
printf("\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNET PAY\t\t%.0f",NETPAY);
printf("\n\t "); }

Output:
EX.NO:12 Compute internal marks of students for five different subjects
DATE: using structures and functions

Aim:
To write a C program to compute internal marks of students for five different subjects using structures
and functions.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read the number of student.
Step 3: For every student get attendance percentage.
Step 4: Calculate attendance mark based on the conditions.
Step 5: Read 3 internal assessment marks for every subject.
Step 6: Calculate the internal marks out of 15
Step 7: Add the attendance mark and total mark to find internal mark.
Step 8: Print the internal mark.
Step 9: Stop the program

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
struct stud
{
int rollno, s1, s2, s3, s4, s5, tot ;
char name[10] ;
float avg ;
} s[10] ;
void main()
{
int i, n ;
clrscr() ;
printf("Enter the number of students : ") ;
scanf("%d", &n) ;
for(i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)
{
printf("\nEnter the roll number : ") ;
scanf("%d", &s[i].rollno) ;
printf("\nEnter the name : ") ;
scanf("%s", s[i].name) ;
printf("\nEnter the marks in 5 subjects : ") ;
scanf("%d %d %d %d %d", &s[i].s1, &s[i].s2, &s[i].s3, &s[i].s4, &s[i].s5) ;
s[i].tot = s[i].s1 + s[i].s2 + s[i].s3 + s[i].s4 + s[i].s5 ;
s[i].avg = s[i].tot / 2.0 ;
}
printf("\nRoll No. Name \t\tSub1\t Sub2\t Sub3\t Sub4 \t Sub5\t Total\t Average\n\n") ;
for(i = 0 ; i < n ; i++)
{
printf("%d \t %s \t\t %d \t %d \t %d \t %d \t %d \t %d \t %.2f \n", s[i].rollno,s[i].name,s[i].s1,s[i].s2,
s[i].s3, s[i].s4, s[i].s5,s[i].tot,s[i].avg);
}
getch() ; }
Output:
EX.NO:13 Insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an individual or a company
DATE: into a telephone directory using random access file.

Aim:
To write a C program to insert, update, delete and append telephone details of an individual or a
company into a telephone directory using random access file.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Create a structure for telephone directory.
Step 3: To insert a record in a random access file create a file pointer and get necessary details from user.
Step 4: To update the record in a random access file create a file pointer and get necessary details from the user.
Step 5: To delete a record get the record number from user.
Step 6: Stop the program

Program:
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX 50
struct Phone_record
// declare all variables
{
char fname[MAX];
char lname[MAX];
char category[MAX];
char phonenumber[MAX];
int count;
};

struct Phone_list
{
int count; // keeps rack of number of ppl in list
struct Phone_record pr[MAX];
};

void displaymenu(void);
void choices(void);
void add_record(struct Phone_record *);
void del_record(struct Phone_list *);
void save_record(struct Phone_record *);
void load_record(struct Phone_record *);
void print_record(const struct Phone_record *);

void displaymenu()
{

printf( "A-Add a Phone Number\n"

"D-Delete a Phone Number\n"
"S-Save the phone book\n"
"L-Load the phone book\n"
"P-Print the Phone List\n"
"Q-Quit the program\n"
"H-Help Menu\n");
}

void choices(void)
{

struct Phone_record pst;

char pick='x';
pst.count=0;
// scanf("%c",&pick);
printf("\n\nPlease make your selection: \n\n");
while (pick!='Q')
{
scanf("%c",&pick);
switch (pick)
{
case 'A':
add_record(&pst);
break;
case 'D':
//del_record();
break;
case'S':
save_record(&pst);
break;
case'L':
load_record(&pst);
break;
case 'P':
print_record(&pst);
break;
case 'H':
displaymenu();
break;
case 'Q':
break;
default:
printf("your choice was invalid\n\n");
break;
}
}
}

void add_record(struct Phone_record *pst)

{
printf("pleaes enter the last name\n");
scanf("%s",pst->lname);
printf("please enter the first name\n");
scanf("%s",pst->fname);
printf("plese enter a category\n");
scanf("%s",pst->category);
printf("plese enter your phone number\n");
scanf("%s",pst->phonenumber);
}

void del_record(struct Phone_list *book)

{

printf("deleting the record");

void save_record(struct Phone_record *pst)

{
// pfile=fopen("c:\\myfile.txt","w");
/*fprintf(file,"%d\n",(*book.count));
for i=0; i<(*book).count; i++);
{
fprintf("file,%s\n",(*book.Phone_list[i].name);
fprintf("file,%s\n",(*book.Phone_list[i].category);
fprintf("file,%s\n",(*book.Phone_list[i].phonenumber);

}
*/
}
void load_record(struct Phone_record *pst)
{
pfile=fopen("c:\\myfile.txt","r");
fscanf(pfile,"%d",&(pst.count);
for (i=0; i<pst.count; i++;)
{
fscanf(pfile,"%s %s",pst[i]->fname, pst[i]->lname);
fscanf(pfile,"%s",pst[i]->category);
fscanf(pfile,"%s",pst[i]->phonenumber);
}
}
void print_record(const struct Phone_record *pst)
{
printf(" your name is %s %s\n",pst->fname, pst->lname);
printf("your category is %s\n",pst->category);
printf(" your phone number is %s\n",pst->phonenumber);
choices();
}

int main (int argc, char*argv[1])

{
FILE *pfile=NULL; // File Pointer
struct Phone_record;
int i;
pfile=fopen("C:\\myfile.txt","w");
printf("Welcome to the Phone Book");
printf("\n\n");
displaymenu();
choices();
fclose(pfile);
return 0;
}

Output:
EX.NO:14 Count the number of account holders whose balance is less than the minimum balance
DATE: using sequential access file.

Aim:
To write a C program to count the number of account holders whose balance is less than the minimum
balance using sequential access file.

Algorithm:
Step 1: Start the program
Step 2: Read the number of records.
Step 3: Read information for account holders..
Step 4: Store it in the file.
Step 5: Display all the details one by one.
Step 6: Read the minimum balance value.
Step 7: If balance<mini balance then increment the count value.
Step 8: Print the count value.
Step 9: Stop the program.

Program:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
void creation();
void deposit();
void withdraw();
void bal();
int a=0,i = 101;
struct bank
{
int no;
char name[20];
float bal;
float dep;
}s[20];
void main()
{
int ch;
while(1)
{
clrscr();
printf("\n*********************");
printf("\n BANKING ");
printf("\n*********************");
printf("\n1-Creation");
printf("\n2-Deposit");
printf("\n3-Withdraw");
printf("\n4-Balance Enquiry");
printf("\n5-Exit");
printf("\nEnter your choice");
scanf("%d",&ch);
switch(ch)
{
 case 1: creation();
break;
case 2: deposit();
break;
case 3: withdraw();
break;
case 4: bal();
break;
case 5: exit(0);
defalut: printf("Enter 1-5 only");
getch();
}
}
}
void creation()
{

printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\n ACCOUNT CREATION ");
printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\nYour Account Number is :%d",i);
s[a].no = i;
printf("\nEnter your Name:");
scanf("%s",s[a].name);
printf("\nYour Deposit is Minimum Rs.500");
s[a].dep=500;
a++;
i++;
getch();
}
void deposit()
{
int no,b=0,m=0;
float aa;
printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\n DEPOSIT ");
printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\nEnter your Account Number");
scanf("%d",&no);
for(b=0;b<i;b++)
{
if(s[b].no == no)
m = b;
}
if(s[m].no == no)
{
printf("\n Account Number : %d",s[m].no);
printf("\n Name : %s",s[m].name);
printf("\n Deposit : %f",s[m].dep);
printf("\n How Much Deposited Now:");
scanf("%f",&aa);
s[m].dep+=aa;
 printf("\nDeposit Amount is :%f",s[m].dep);
getch();
}
else
{
printf("\nACCOUNT NUMBER IS INVALID");
getch();
}
}
void withdraw()
{

int no,b=0,m=0;
float aa;
printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\n WITHDRAW ");
printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\nEnter your Account Number");
scanf("%d",&no);
for(b=0;b<i;b++)
{
if(s[b].no == no)
m = b;
}
if(s[m].no == no)
{
printf("\n Account Number : %d",s[m].no);
printf("\n Name : %s",s[m].name);
printf("\n Deposit : %f",s[m].dep);
printf("\n How Much Withdraw Now:");
scanf("%f",&aa);
if(s[m].dep<aa+500)
{
printf("\nCANNOT WITHDRAW YOUR ACCOUNT HAS MINIMUM
BALANCE");
getch();
}
else
{
s[m].dep-=aa;
printf("\nThe Balance Amount is:%f",s[m].dep);
}
}
else
{

printf("INVALID");
getch();
}
getch();
}
void bal()
{
 int no,b=0,m=0;
float aa;
printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\n BALANCE ENQUIRY ");
printf("\n*************************************");
printf("\nEnter your Account Number");
scanf("%d",&no);
for(b=0;b<i;b++)
{
if(s[b].no == no)
m = b;
}
if(s[m].no==no)
{
printf("\n Account Number : %d",s[m].no);
printf("\n Name : %s",s[m].name);
printf("\n Deposit : %f",s[m].dep);
getch();
}
else
{
printf("INVALID");
getch();
}
}