Grade 09: Maths

Exam Important Questions

 Quadrilaterals
Revise: Quadrilaterals

Topic : Exam Important Questions

1. ABCD is a parallelogram and AP and CQ are perpendiculars from vertices A

and C on diagonal BD( See the given figure). Show that AP = CQ.

[2 marks]
In ΔAP B ≅ ΔCQD
∠AP B = ∠CQD (Each 90
∘
)

AB = CD
(Opposite sides of parallelogram ABCD)

∠ABP = ∠CDQ

(Alternate interior angles for AB || CD)

(1 mark)

∴ ΔAP B ≅ ΔCQD

(By AAS congruency)

By using this result

ΔAP B ≅ ΔCQD, we obtain

AP = CQ ( By CPCT)
(1 mark)

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2. Through A, B and C lines RQ, PR and QP have been drawn, respectively

parallel to sides BC, CA and AB of a ΔABC as shown in figure. Show that
QR.
1
BC =
2

[3 marks]
[Properties of a parallelogram]
Given in ΔABC , PQ ∥ AB and PR ∥ AC and RQ ∥ BC

To show .
1
BC = QR
2

Proof in Quadrilateral BCAR, BR ∥CA and BC ∥ RA

So, quadrilateral , BCAR is a parallelogram.

∴ BC = AR ….(i)
(1 mark)

Now, in quadrilateral BCQA, BC ∥AQ

And AB ∥ QC

So, quadrilateral BCQA is a parallelogram.

BC = AQ …..(ii)
(1 mark)

On adding Eqs (i) and (ii) we get

2BC = AR + AQ

⇒ 2BC = RQ

⇒ BC =
1
QR
2
. Hence proved
(1 mark)

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 Quadrilaterals
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3. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB∥ DC and ∠A = ∠B = 45 . Find angles C

∘

and D of the trapezium.

[2 marks]
Given, ABCD is a trapezium and whose parallel sides in the figure are AB
and DC. Since, AB ∥ CD and BC is transversal, then sum of two cointerior
angles is 180 .
∘

∘
∴ ∠B + ∠C = 180

∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ ∠C = 180 − ∠B = 180 − 45

⇒ ∠C = 135
∘
(1 mark)

Similarly, ∠A + ∠D = 180 ∘

∘ ∘ ∘
⇒ ∠D = 180 − 45 [∵ ∠A = 45 given]

∘
⇒ ∠D = 135

Hence, angles C and D are 135 each. ∘

(1 mark)

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 Quadrilaterals
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4. Solve the following question:

(i) Opposite angles of a quadrilateral ABCD are equal. If AB = 4cm, determine
CD. (1 mark)

(ii) Diagonals AC and BD of a parallelogram ABCD intersect each other at O. If

OA = 3cm and OD = 2cm, determine the lengths of AC and BD. (2 marks)

[Properties of a parallelogram]
(i) Given, opposite angles of a quadrilateral are equal. So, ABCD is a
parallelogram and we know that in a parallelogram opposite sides are also
equal.
CD=AB = 4cm. (1 mark)

(ii) Given, ABCD is a parallelogram OA =

3cm and OD = 2cm

We know that, diagonals of a parallelogram

bisect each other.

∴ Diagonal AC = 2 OA = 6cm [∵ AO = OC]

And Diagonal BD = 2OD = 4 cm [∵ BO = OD]

Hence the length of the diagonals AC and BD are 6cm and 4cm,
respectively (2 marks)

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5. Given below is a parallelogram. AC and BD are diagonals. If AO = x + y, OC =

5y, DO = 3x, OB = 12, they find x and y.

In the parallelogram ABCD, AC and BD are diagonals.

Since the diagonals of the parallelogram bisect each other,
AO = OC and BO = OD.

AO = x + y, Oc = 5y (Given)
x + y = 5y ------- (i)

DO = 3x, OB = 12
3x = 12 ---------- (ii)

12
On solving (ii), we get, x = = 4.
3
x=4

Using x = 4 in (i), we get, 4 + y = 5y

On solving, we get, 4 = 5y - y = 4y
4y = 4
4
y = =1
4

x = 4 and y = 1

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6. The angle of quadrilateral are in the ratio 3 : 5 : 9 :13. Find the all the angles
of the quadrilateral.
[3 marks]

Let the common ratio between the angle be x, therefore, the angles will be
3x,5x, 9x, and 13x respectively.
As the sum of all interior angles of a quadrilateral is 360 ,
∘

∴ 3x+5x+9x+13x=360
∘

[0.5 marks]
∘
30x = 360
∘
x = 12
[0.5 marks]

Hence, the angles are

∘
3x = 3 × 12 = 36
[0.5 marks]
∘
5x = 5 × 12 = 60
[0.5 marks]
∘
9x = 9 × 12 = 108
[0.5 marks]
∘
13x = 13 × 12 = 156
[0.5 marks]

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7. In the following parallelogram, find the value of x.

[2 marks]
Solution:
Given that the quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
We know that, in a parallelogram the opposite angles are equal.
[1 mark]
o o
∴ (−7 + 4x) = 81
o o
⇒ (4x − 7) = 81
o o o
⇒ 4x = 81 + 7 = 88
o
⇒ 4x = 88
o
88
⇒ x =
4
o
⇒ x = 22

Hence the value of x is 22 . o

[1 mark]

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8. In a parallelogram ABCD, E and F are the mid-points of sides AB and CD

respectively. Show that the line segments AF and EC trisect the diagonal BD.
[3 Marks]
[Mid Point Theorem]

Solution:

ABCD is a parallelogram.
AB||CD ⇒ AE||F C

Now, AB = CD, (Opposite sides of a parallelogram)

1 1
AB = CD
2 2

⇒ AE = F C (E and F are the mid-points of AB and CD)

AECF is a parallelogram.
(AE and CF are parallel and equal to each other)
Then, AF || EC (Opposite sides of a parallelogram)
(1 Mark)

Now, in △DQC,
F is the mid-point of side DC and FP || CQ( as AF || EC)
P is the mid-point of DQ (Converse of mid-point theorem)
⇒ DP = P Q...(i) (0.5 Marks)

In △AP B,
E is the id-point of side AB and EQ || AB (as AF || EC).
Q is the mid-point of PB.
(By converse of mid-point theorem)
⇒ P Q = QB ...(ii) (0.5 Marks)

Now, we can conclude that,

DP = PQ = BQ (From (i) and (ii))
Hence, the line segments AF and EC trisect the diagonal BD.
(1 Mark)

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9. In the given figure, M, N, and P are the mid-points of AB, AC, and BC,
respectively. If MN = 3 cm, NP = 3.5 cm and MP = 2.5 cm, find the length of
BC, AB, and AC.

[3 Marks]
Here, MN is a line which joins the mid-point M of AB and N of AC.

Then, by mid-point theorem, M N ∥ BC and M N =

1
BC
2

⇒ BC = 2M N = 6 cm

[1 Mark]
1
Similarly, M P ∥ AC and M P = AC
2

⇒ AC = 2M P = 5 cm

[1 Mark]
1
And, N P ∥ AB and N P = AB
2

⇒ AB = 2N P = 7 cm

[1 Mark]

So, the length of the sides BC, AB, and AC are 6 cm, 7 cm, and 5 cm,
respectively.

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10.

In figure, E and F are mid - points of the sides AB and AC respectively of the
ΔABC . G and H are mid-points of the sides AE and AF respectively of the

ΔAEF . If GH =1.8 cm, find BC.

[2 M arks]

Solution:

1
EF = BC … … (1)
2

[0.5 M arks]

(∵ E and F are mid-points of sides AB and AC of ΔABC )

1
GH = EF … … (2)
2

[0.5 M arks]

(∵ G and H are mid-points of sides AB and AC of ΔAEF )

From (1) and (2), we have,
1 1 1
GH = × BC = BC
2 2 4

⇒ BC = 4 × GH = 4 × 1.8 cm = 7.2 cm

[1 M ark]

Hence, BC = 7.2 cm

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11. D, E and F are respectively the mid-points of the sides AB, BC and CA of a
ΔABC . Prove that by joining these mid-points D, E and F, the ΔABC is
divided into four congruent triangles.
[4 Marks]

Given in a ΔABC, D, E and F respectively the mid-points of the sides AB,

BC and CA.

To prove ΔABC is divided into four congruent triangles.

Proof Since, ABC is a triangle and D, E and F are the mid-points of sides
AB, BC and CA, respectively

Then, AD = BD = 1
AB, BE = EC =
2
1
BC
2

And AF = CF =
1
AC(1M ark)
2

Now, using the mid-point theorem,

1
EF || AB and EF = AB = AD = BD
2

1
ED || AC and ED = AC = AF = CF
2

And
1
DF || BC and DF = BC = BE = CE(1M ark)
2

In ΔADF andΔEF D,
AD = EF
AF = DE
DF = FD [Common]
∴ ΔADF ≅ ΔEF D [by SSS congruence rule]
(1 Mark)
Similarly, ΔDEF ≅ ΔEDB (0.5 Marks)
And ΔDEF ≅ ΔCF E (0.5 Marks)
So, ΔABC is divided into four congruent triangles. Hence proved.

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12. ABCD is a quadrilateral in which P, Q, R and S are mid-points of the sides AB,
BC, CD and DA. AC is the diagonal. Show that
(i) SR || AC and SR = AC 1

(ii) PQ = SR
(iii) PQRS is a parallelogram.

[3 Marks]
(i) In △ADC , R is the mid-point of DC and S is the mid-point of DA.
Thus, by mid-point theorem, SR||AC and
1
SR = AC. (1M ark)
2

(ii) In △BAC, P is the mid-point of AB and Q is the mid-point of BC.

Thus, by mid-point theorem, PQ || AC and P Q = AC.
1

Also, SR = AC
1

Hence, PQ = SR. (1
Mark)

(iii) SR || AC ... From Question (i)

PQ || AC ... From Question (ii)
⇒ P Q||SR

From (ii), PQ = SR
Since, one pair of opposides of the quadrilateral PQRS is parallel and equal,
PQRS is a Parallelogram. (1 Mark)
Hence Proved.

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