Project

Management
Overview and
Concepts
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT
STATISTICS

◍ The global project management industry accounts for

trillions of dollars annually. In 2021, it was estimated
that project management investments worldwide amounted to
approximately $4.1 trillion.
◍ Only about 36% of projects globally are completed on
time and within budget. The Standish Group's CHAOS Report
found that in 2020, just 36% of projects were considered
successful, meeting their original objectives within the
allotted time and budget.
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT
STATISTICS

◍ The adoption of project management software is

widespread, with over 77% of high-performing projects
using project management software. According to the
Project Management Institute (PMI), in its 2020 Pulse of
the Profession report, 77% of high-performing projects
utilized project management software, demonstrating the
increasing reliance on technology for project management
 ADVANTAGES OF USING PROJECT
MANAGEMENT

◍ Better control of financial, physical, and human

resources
◍ Improved customer relations
◍ Shorter development times
◍ Lower costs
◍ Higher quality and increased reliability
◍ Higher profit margins
◍ Improved productivity
◍ Better internal coordination
◍ Higher worker morale
 WHAT IS A PROJECT?

A project is “a temporary endeavor undertaken to

accomplish a unique product or service”

Attributes of projects
◌ unique purpose
◌ temporary
◌ require resources, often from various areas
◌ should have a primary sponsor and/or customer
 SAMPLES OF IT PROJECTS IN
SRI LANKA

◍ Lanka Government Network – LGN 2.0 and Wifi Facility

◍ P-Connect Fibre Network and Wifi Facility for Post
Offices
◍ Lanka Government Cloud 2.0
◍ National Data Center
◍ Internet Backbone
◍ Employee Provident Fund (EPF) & Employee Trust (ETF)
Fund Consolidated centralized ICT Solution.
◍ National Cyber Security Operations Center
◍ Centralized Prison’s Management System
MIND MAP OF A SWOT ANALYSIS TO
HELP IDENTIFY POTENTIAL PROJECTS
 FOCUSING ON BROAD
ORGANIZATIONAL NEEDS

◍ It is often difficult to provide strong justification

for many IT projects, but everyone agrees they have a
high value.

◍ “It is better to measure gold roughly than to count

pennies precisely”.

◍ Three important criteria for projects:

I. There is a need for the project
I. There are funds available
II. There’s a strong will to make the project succeed
 THE TRIPLE CONSTRAINT

◍ Every project is constrained in different ways by its,

Scope goals : What is the project trying to

accomplish?

Time goals : How long should it take to

complete?

Cost goals : What should it cost?

◍ It is the project manager’s duty to balance these

three often competing goals
 WHY IT PROJECTS FAIL?

◍ Weak business case

◍ Lack of senior management commitment

◍ Inadequate project planning (budget, schedule, scope,

etc.)

◍ Absence of user involvement

◍ New or unfamiliar technology

◍ Lack of defined, clear, or concise requirements

 WHY IT PROJECTS
SUCCEED?

◍ Sound project management processes

◍ Project tied to the organization’s business goals

◍ Senior management commitment

◍ Good change management

◍ Detailed requirements
 WHY IT PROJECTS
SUCCEED?

◍ Realistic schedule
◍ Good stakeholder relationships

◍ Empowered project manager

◍ Skilled and appropriate team members with defined
roles and responsibilities
◍ Availability of funding
 WHAT IS PROJECT
MANAGEMENT?

“The application of knowledge, skills, tools,

and techniques to project activities in order
to meet project requirements”
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
FRAMEWORK
 9 PROJECT MANAGEMENT
KNOWLEDGE AREAS

◍ Knowledge areas describe the key competencies that

project managers must develop
◌ 4 core knowledge areas lead to specific project
objectives (scope, time, cost, and quality)
◌ 4 facilitating knowledge areas are the means through
which the project objectives are achieved (human
resources, communication, risk, and procurement
management)
◌ 1 knowledge area (project integration management)
affects and is affected by all of the other knowledge
areas
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROCESS GROUPS

◍ A process is a series of actions directed toward a

particular result.
◍ Project management can be viewed as a number of
interlinked processes.
◍ The project management process groups include:
I. Initiating processes
II. Planning processes
III.Executing processes
IV. Monitoring and controlling processes
V. Closing processes
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROCESS GROUPS
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROCESS GROUPS
PHASES OF THE TRADITIONAL
PROJECT LIFE CYCLE
 PROJECT PHASES AND THE
PROJECT LIFE CYCLE

◍ A project life cycle is a collection of project

phases that defines:
– What work will be performed in each phase.
– What deliverables will be produced and when.
– Who is involved in each phase.
– How management will control and approve work produced
in each phase.
◍ A deliverable is a product or service produced or
provided as part of a project.
 PROJECT PHASES AND THE
PROJECT LIFE CYCLE

◍ In the early phases of a project life cycle:

– Resource needs are usually lowest.
– The level of uncertainty (risk) is highest.
– Project stakeholders have the greatest opportunity to
influence the project.
◍ In the middle phases of a project life cycle:
– The certainty of completing a project increases.
– More resources are needed.
◍ In the final phase of a project life cycle:
– The focus is on ensuring that project requirements
were met.
– The sponsor approves completion of the project.
 THE IMPORTANCE OF PROJECT
PHASES
AND MANAGEMENT REVIEWS

◍ A project should successfully pass through each of the

project phases in order to continue on to the next.

◍ Management reviews, also called phase exits or kill

points, should occur after each phase to evaluate the
project’s progress, likely success, and continued
compatibility with organizational goals.
 ROLE OF A PROJECT
MANAGER

◍ The role of a project manager is affected by the one-

shot nature of the project
◍ The role of a project manager is difficult when team
members are still linked to their permanent work areas
◌ Members may be assigned to several projects
simultaneously
◍ Managers must rely on their communication skills and
powers of persuasion
 PROJECT MANAGER
ATTRIBUTES

◍ Leader & manager ◍ Knowledgeable about the

◍ Facilitator,coordinator organization
◍ Communicator ◍ Political sensitivity
◍ Credibility: Technical/ ◍ Conflict: sense, confront,
Administrative resolve
◍ Work under pressure ◍ Can deal with stress, chaos,
◍ Goal-oriented ambiguity
◍ Innovator ◍ Planning and follow-through
Ethical dilemmas
 PROJECT MANAGER
DUTIES

◍ Reports to senior management

◍ Communicates with users
◍ Plans and schedules
◍ Obtains and allocates resources
◍ Controls risks
◍ Manages people
◍ Coordinates
◍ Implements quality assurance
◍ Controls the budget
◍ Delivers results
 PROJECT STAKEHOLDERS

◍ Stakeholders are the people involved in or affected by

project activities

◍ Stakeholders include
❖ the project sponsor and project team
❖ support staff
❖ customers
❖ users
❖ suppliers
❖ opponents to the project
 HOW PROJECT MANAGEMENT
RELATES TO OTHER DISCIPLINES

◍ Much of the knowledge needed to manage projects is

unique to the discipline of project management

◍ Project mangers must also have knowledge and

experience in
◌ general management
◌ the application area of the project
 THE PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PROFESSION

◍ The job of IT Project Manager is in the list of the

top ten most in demand IT skills

◍ Professional societies like the Project Management

Institute (PMI) have grown tremendously

◍ Project management research and certification programs

continue to grow
 PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
MANY AREAS

◍ Project management applies to work as well as personal

projects

◍ Project management applies to many different

disciplines (IT, construction, finance, sports, event
planning, etc.)

◍ Project management skills can help in everyday life

These industries have
the money to hire
-Jan 2022
The most in-
demand tech
jobs and
their
salaries
divided by
percentiles.
Thanks!