GPON System (M/s Huawei)

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 AGENDA
• Introduction
• Features of GPON System
• Network Topology
• Hardware Architecture
• Physical Ports
• ONT
• Applications
• Splitters in GPON

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 Introduction
• The GPON System (MA5680T) has multiple superior and
advanced features such as supporting 8 port GPON
board
• supporting an optical ratio of 1:128 for the GPON
system, supporting the multi-GE upstream transmission
and supporting the multi-edge networking.
• The MA5680T provides the voice, data, and video
services that feature large capacity, high rate, and high
bandwidth.

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 Introduction
• The MA5680T functions as an optical line terminal (OLT)
in a GPON network to work with the optical network unit
(ONU) and optical network terminal (ONT).
• The MA5680T supports rich network applications, such
as FTTH, FTTB, and FTTC.
• The MA5680T meets the network requirements of base
station transmission, IP private line interconnection, and
multi-ISP wholesale.
• The MA5680T supports the point-to-point (P2P) FE
optical access.
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 Network Topology
IPTV server

IP PSTN
Softswitc T
h G
BRA
LAN S
Switc
N200 h
0 MA5680T

Combiner CATV

Optical
splitter
FTT Optical splitter
H ON FTTB
U STB
ON
STB TV
T LAN
Switc
h
Phone
Phone PC TV TV
PC

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 Features of GPON System
Strict Compliance with ITU-T Recommendations
– The ITU-T G.984.x recommendations, including ITU-T G.984.1 to
ITU-T G.984.4, define the following aspects for the GPON
system:
• GPON network architecture
• Specification of physical parts
• Protocol at the data link layer
• Management and control interfaces
– The MA5680T is designed in strict compliance with the ITU-T
G.984.x recommendations. It is capable of working properly with
GPON terminals of different vendors.

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 Features of GPON System
• Bandwidth Allocation
– The MA5680T supports the static bandwidth allocation (SBA) and
dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA).
– SBA guarantees that each ONT obtains a fixed bandwidth.
– DBA guarantees that the bandwidth is dynamically allocated to the
ONTs according to the change in user traffic.
– SBA and DBA support a bandwidth control granularity of 64 kbit/s.
– In the upstream direction, bandwidth is allocated to the users or
the user groups in the SBA and DBA modes based on the
transmission container (T-CONT).
– Up to 1K T-CONT/PON ports are supported.

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 Features of GPON System
• High Rate
– The system supports the downstream rate of 2.488 Gbit/s and the
upstream rate of 1.244 Gbit/s.
• Long Distance
– The MA5680T adopts the passive optical transmission to support a
long-reach service coverage, which the access technology over the
twisted pair cables does not support.
– The maximum logical transmission distance is 60 km. The physical
distance between the farthest ONT and the nearest ONT can be up
to 20 km.
– The MA5680T supports the downstream forward error correction
(FEC) to extend the transmission distance.
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 Features of GPON System
• High Optical Split Ratio
– The 8-port GPON access board supports a high optical split ratio
of 1:128. This helps to expand the system capacity and save fiber
resources, thus facilitating the expansion of the network.
• High Efficiency
– All data is encapsulated as frames with a fixed length of 125 μs
based on GPON encapsulation mode (GEM). This helps to reduce
the overhead bytes and improve the transmission efficiency.
When the upstream transmission bandwidth is 1.244 Gbit/s, the
transmission efficiency reaches up to 93%.
• High Density
– The MA5680T provides the 8-port or 4-port GPON access board,
which increases the system capacity.

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 Physical ports on the MA5680T
Port Port Description
Type
Upstream GE ∙ All GE optical ports use the small form factor
port optical/electrical pluggable (SFP) optical transceivers. Through
port different SFP modules, the optical ports support
different transmission distances. Single-mode
SFP transceivers and multi-mode SFP
transceivers are available.
∙ Multi-GE upstream transmission is supported to
meet the multi-edge network requirements of the
carrier.
10GE optical It provides the 10GE upstream transmission
port function
E1 port It provides the E1 upstream transmission function
STM-1 port It supports the upstream transmission through the
STM-1 optical port and supports the ESFP/SFP
module.
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 Physical ports on the MA5680T
Port Type Port Description

Service port GPON port It provides the GPON access. It supports a

maximum upstream rate of 1.244 Gbit/s and a
maximum downstream rate of 2.488 Gbit/s
P2P optical port It provides the P2P Ethernet optical access at
a rate of 100 Mbit/s.
Ethernet optical port It provides the GE subtending function.

Maintenance Maintenance serial It is used for local and remote Maintenance

port
port
Environment Various environment parameters are collected
monitoring serial port by the monitoring device and then through
this port reported to the MA5680T.

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Hardware Architecture

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Configuration of boards in the ETSI service
shelf

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 Boards in the ETSI service shelf
Board Silk Full Name Function
Type Screen
Control SCUL Super control ∙ System control and management unit
board unit
∙ Active/standby switchover
Service GPBC 4-port GPON ∙ Four GPON ports
interface
Board ∙ Up to 64 ONTs for each GPON port
board
GPBD 8-port GPON ∙ Eight GPON SFP ports (one-fiber
interface bi-directional port)
Board ∙ Up to 128 ONTs for each GPON port
∙ Class B+ and class C+ optical
transceivers

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 Boards in the ETSI service shelf

Uplink GICF 2-channel GE uplink ∙ Two GE optical ports

optical interface
interface
board
board
GICD 4-channel GE ∙ Four GE ports
optical interface
board
X1CA 1-channel 10GE ∙ One 10GE upstream or subtending
optical interface optical port
board
X2CA 2-channel 10GE ∙ Two 10GE upstream or subtending
optical optical ports
interface board

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 Boards in the ETSI service shelf
Clock BIUA Clock board ∙ Two standard BITS clock inputs and
board one standard BITS clock output
∙ Input and output of 2 MHz and E1
signals
Power PRTE DC Power ∙ One -48 V power input
board interface
∙ Filtering and current-limiting for the
board
input power
∙ Under-voltage detection, detection of
whether the input power exists, and
fault detection
∙ Alarm report and presence signal
report
∙ ALARM LED

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ONTs (Optical Network Terminal)

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 FTTH Network Application
Softswitc
N2000
h

T
PST
G
BRAS N
Phon WD
e ON M
combine
T r I Internet
P
Optica LAN
PC lsplitte Switch
ST MA5680T
B r IPTV

TV CATV

TV

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 FTTB Network Application
PST
Softswitc N Internet
h
TG
IPTV

N200 I CATV
0 P

BRAS

Residential user Optica

Optica MA5680 splitter
l ON
Mini splitter
l T U
DSLAM LAN
Optica Switc Commercial user
ON splitter
l h
Residential user U
ON Commercial user
U
Mini
DSLAM
Commercial user Residential user

Fiber
Twisted pair

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 Base Station Transmission Network
Application
PSTN

BSC

CESoP gateway

MA5680
T

Optical splitter

ON U O U
N
F
CESoP E1
E
terminal
E1

Base station Base station

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 Leased Line Service Application
Router
Internet

I
P

VLAN VLAN3
MA5680T 3 MA5680T

QinQ leased line

Mode Mode
m m

L L2
2
VLAN VLAN VLAN2 VLAN
2 1 Use 1 Use
Use Use
r r r r

VLAN 1 service traffic

VLAN 2 service traffic

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 Multi-ISP Wholesale Service Application
Interne
t
ISP2 BRAS
ISP1
GE MA GE
N LS
GE LS W
W
GE
GE
MA5680
MA5680 MA5680
T
T T

ON ON
U ON ON ON
T
T U T
Enterpris A Enterprise
e B
PC PC PC PC

Enterprise wholesale user of I P directly connects to the ISP through layer 2

an S forwarding
Common Internet users are identified by two VLAN tags with help from the upper
layer BRAS

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TDM Private Line Network Application

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upstream in the E1/STM-1 mode

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Triple Play Network Application

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 Management

I
IP
P

Telne
t

PST Local maintenance

PSTN terminal
N MA5680T
Remote maintenance
terminal

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 Management through EMS
The N2000 provides the following management
functions:
• Topology management
• Performance management
• Fault management
• Security management
• Network Element (NE) data backup and loading
• Environment and power supply monitoring etc

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 Splitters in GPON
•Passive Optical Network (PON) splitters play an
important role in Fiber to the Home (FTTH) networks by
allowing a single PON network interface to be shared
among many subscribers.
• Splitters contain no electronics and use no power.
•They are the network elements that put the passive in
Passive Optical Network and are available in a variety of
split ratios, including 1:2,1:8, 1:16, and 1:32.

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 Splitters cont’d……

• Splitters are installed in each optical network between the

PON Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and the Optical Network
Terminals (ONTs) that the OLT serves.
• Networks implementing BPON, GPON Networks
implementing BPON, GPON, EPON, 10G EPON Networks
implementing BPON, GPON, EPON, 10G EPON, and 10G
GPON technologies all use these simple optical splitters.
• 29292/21/2011 In place of an optical splitter, a WDM PON
network will use an Arrayed WaveGuide (AWG).
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Facultyonly 29
 Splitters in GPON
• A single splitter is shown in the GPON network diagram
below.
• Note that the splitter can be deployed in the Central Office
(CO) alongside the OLT, or it may be deployed in an
OutSide Plant (OSP) cabinet closer to the subscribers.
• A splitter can also be deployed in the basement of a building
for a Multiple Dwelling Unit (MDU) installation

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 Splitter in GPON Networks

• An interesting (and strange) fact is that attenuation of

light through an optical splitter is symmetrical.
• It is identical in both directions. Whether a splitter is
combining light in the upstream direction or dividing light
in the downstream direction
• it still introduces the same attenuation to an optical input
signal (a little more than 3 dB for each 1:2 split )

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 Splitter in GPON Networks

• There are two basic technologies for building passive

optical network splitters:
• 1: Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) and
• 2 Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC).
• Fused Biconical Taper is the older technology and
generally introduces more loss than the newer PLC
splitters, though both PLC and FBT splitters are used in
PON networks.

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 Splitter in GPON Networks
• A Fused Biconical Taper 1:2 optical splitter is diagrammed
below

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 Fused Biconical Taper (FBT

• A Fused Biconical Taper (FBT) splitter is made by

wrapping two fiber cores together, putting tension on
the optical fibers, and then heating the junction until the
two fibers are tapered from the tension and fused
together.
• FBT attenuation tends to be a bit higher than
attenuation from PLC splitters.

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 (PLC) Splitter
• A 1:8 Planar Lightwave Circuit (PLC) splitter is
diagrammed in the figure below.

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 (PLC) Splitter

• A PLC splitter is made with techniques much like those to

manufacture semiconductors,
• These optical splitters are very compact, efficient, and
reliable.
• A single 1:32 PLC splitter may be no larger than 1 cm x
2 cm

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 (PLC) Splitter
• The loss to be expected from a 1:8 splitter like the one
diagrammed above is less than one dB, greater than
what would be expected from a perfect splitter, which
has exactly 9 dB of loss (3dB for each 1:2 split).
• A good 1:32 PLC splitter has an attenuation in both Fiber
In The Loop (FITL)

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 PON SPLITTERS

• PONs are distributed or single staged

• passive optical splitters/combiners.
• It provides connectivity between OLT & multiple
ONU/ONTs through one or two optical fibers.
• optical splitters are capable of providing up to 1:64
optical split, on end to end basis.
• These are available in various options like 1:4, 1:8, 1:16,
1:32

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 Splitter configurations in PON
Centralized Splitter
• 1x32 splitter is used in an outside plant enclosure
such as a fiber distribution terminal.
Cascaded Splitter
• More than one splitter location in the pathway from
central office to customer.
• Standard splitter formats range from 1 x 2, 1 x 4, 1 x 8,
1 x 16 and 1 x 32 so a network might use a 1 x 4 splitter
leading to a 1 x 8 splitter further downstream in four
separate locations.
• Cascaded Splitter Optimally, there would eventually be
32 fibers reaching the ONTs of 32 homes

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 GEPON Vs GPON

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