P age |1

A practical file of
DBMS
Subject Code: BCA-506

Bachelors of Computer Application (BCA)

Harlal Institute of Management & Technology, Greater Noida

(Affiliated to CCSU, Meerut)
Knowledge park-I, Institution Area, Greater Noida 201306

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Mr.Narendra Upadhyay Sir Name: Sachin

Roll no: 210916106059
Semester: V
 INDEX

S_no. TITLE Page no.

1. Write a program to find number of digits in a number input by the user.

2. Write a program to find the factorial of a number using recursion.

3. Write a java program to find product of two matrices in java.

4. Write a program to print fibnonic series in java

5. Write a program to print diamond pattern in java.

6. Write a program to implement static variable in java.

7. Write a program to implement constructors in java.

8. Create a user defined package and use their classes in java.

9. Write a program to implement simple inheritance in java.

10. Write a program to implement Hierarchical inheritance in java

11. Write a program to implement method overloading in java.

12. Write a program to implement method overriding in java.

13. Write a program to implement dynamic method dispatch in java.

14. Write a program to implement abstract class in java.

15. Write a program to implement interfaces in java.

16. Write a simple Multithread program in java.

17. Write a program to handle try and multiple catch block.

18. Create a custom exception and throw in case of age<18 for voting.

19. Create a student table using <TABLE> tag in html.

20. Write a program to draw different shapes using graphics methods.

21. Create a login form in AWT.

22. Create a calculator using event listener in java.

Q1:- Write a program to find number of digits in a number input by the user.
Ans:- import java.util.Scanner;

public class NumberOfDigits {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a number: ");
long number = scanner.nextLong();

int digitCount = countDigits(number);

System.out.println("Number of digits: " + digitCount);

scanner.close();
}

public static int countDigits(long number) {

number = Math.abs(number);

int count = 0;
while (number > 0) {
number = number / 10;
count++;
}

return count;
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q2:-Write a program to find the factorial of a number using recursion.
Ans:- import java.util.Scanner;

public class Factorial {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter a non-negative integer: ");
int number = scanner.nextInt();

if (number < 0) {
System.out.println("Factorial is not defined for negative numbers.");
} else {
long factorial = calculateFactorial(number);
System.out.println("Factorial of " + number + " is: " + factorial);
}

scanner.close();
}

public static long calculateFactorial(int n) {

if (n == 0 || n == 1) {
return 1;
} else {
return n * calculateFactorial(n - 1);
}
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q3:- Write a java program to find product of two matrices in java.
Ans:- import java.util.Scanner;

public class MatrixMultiplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of rows for the first matrix: ");
int rows1 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of columns for the first matrix: ");
int columns1 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of rows for the second matrix: ");
int rows2 = scanner.nextInt();
System.out.print("Enter the number of columns for the second matrix: ");
int columns2 = scanner.nextInt();
if (columns1 != rows2) {
System.out.println("Matrix multiplication is not possible.");
Return;}
int[][] matrix1 = new int[rows1][columns1];
int[][] matrix2 = new int[rows2][columns2];
int[][] resultMatrix = new int[rows1][columns2];
System.out.println("Enter elements of the first matrix:");
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < columns1; j++) {
matrix1[i][j] = scanner.nextInt();
}
}

System.out.println("Enter elements of the second matrix:");

for (int i = 0; i < rows2; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < columns2; j++) {
matrix2[i][j] = scanner.nextInt();
}
} for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < columns2; j++) {
for (int k = 0; k < columns1; k++) {
resultMatrix[i][j] += matrix1[i][k] * matrix2[k][j];
System.out.println("Resultant Matrix after multiplication:");}}}
for (int i = 0; i < rows1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < columns2; j++) {
System.out.print(resultMatrix[i][j] + " ");
}
System.out.println();
}
scanner.close();
}
}
OUTPUT:-
Q4:- Write a program to print fibnonic series in java.
Ans:- import java.util.Scanner;

public class FibonacciSeries {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of terms in the Fibonacci series: ");
int n = scanner.nextInt();

System.out.println("Fibonacci Series:");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
System.out.print(fibonacci(i) + " ");
}

scanner.close();
}

public static int fibonacci(int n) {

if (n <= 1) {
return n;
}
return fibonacci(n - 1) + fibonacci(n - 2);
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q5:- Write a program to implement static variable in java.
Ans:- public class StaticVariableExample {
// Static variable
static int count = 0;

public StaticVariableExample() {
// Increment the count each time an object is created
count++;
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating objects of the class
StaticVariableExample obj1 = new StaticVariableExample();
StaticVariableExample obj2 = new StaticVariableExample();
StaticVariableExample obj3 = new StaticVariableExample();

// Printing the value of the static variable

System.out.println("Number of objects created: " + StaticVariableExample.count);
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q6:- Write a program to print diamond pattern in java.
Ans:- import java.util.Scanner;

public class DiamondPattern {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("Enter the number of rows (odd number): ");
int n = scanner.nextInt();

if (n % 2 == 0) {
System.out.println("Please enter an odd number.");
return;
}

int spaces = n / 2;
int stars = 1;
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= spaces; j++) {
System.out.print(" ");
}
for (int j = 1; j <= stars; j++) {
System.out.print("*");
}
System.out.println();

if (i <= n / 2) {
spaces--;
stars += 2;
} else {
spaces++;
stars -= 2;
}
}

scanner.close();
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q7:-Write a program to implement constructors in java.
Ans:- public class Car {
private String make;
private String model;
private int year;

// Default constructor
public Car() {
make = "Toyota";
model = "Corolla";
year = 2023;
}

// Parameterized constructor
public Car(String make, String model, int year) {
this.make = make;
this.model = model;
this.year = year;
}

// Method to display car details

public void displayCarDetails() {
System.out.println("Make: " + make);
System.out.println("Model: " + model);
System.out.println("Year: " + year);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

// Creating objects using constructors
Car defaultCar = new Car(); // Default constructor
Car customCar = new Car("Ford", "Mustang", 2024); // Parameterized constructor

// Displaying car details

System.out.println("Default Car Details:");
defaultCar.displayCarDetails();
System.out.println("\nCustom Car Details:");
customCar.displayCarDetails();
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q8:-Create a user defined package and use their classes in java.
Ans:- package myPackage;

public class Calculator {

public static int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}
public static int subtract(int a, int b) {
return a - b;
}

public static int multiply(int a, int b) {

return a * b;
}

public static double divide(double a, double b) {

if (b == 0) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot divide by zero");
}
return a / b;
}
}

------------------------------------And here are the contents of Person.java-----------------------------------------------

package myPackage;

public class Person {

private String name;
private int age;

public Person(String name, int age) {

this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}

public void displayInfo() {

System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Age: " + age);
}
}
--------------------------Now let’s create a java program that uses these classes:-----------------------------
import myPackage.Calculator;
import myPackage.Person;

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Using Calculator class
System.out.println("Addition: " + Calculator.add(5, 3));
System.out.println("Subtraction: " + Calculator.subtract(5, 3));
System.out.println("Multiplication: " + Calculator.multiply(5, 3));
System.out.println("Division: " + Calculator.divide(5.0, 3.0));

// Using Person class

Person person = new Person("Alice", 30);
person.displayInfo();
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q9:-Write a program to implement simple inheritance in java.
Ans:- // Parent class
class Shape {
// Method to calculate area
double calculateArea() {
return 0;
}
}

// Child class inheriting from Shape

class Rectangle extends Shape {
double length;
double width;
double calculateArea() {
return length * width;
}
}
class Circle extends Shape {
double radius;
double calculateArea() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating objects of child classes
Rectangle rect = new Rectangle();
Circle circle = new Circle();

// Setting values for rectangle

rect.length = 5;
rect.width = 3;
circle.radius = 4;

// Calculating and printing areas

System.out.println("Area of Rectangle: " + rect.calculateArea());
System.out.println("Area of Circle: " + circle.calculateArea());
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q10:-Write a program to implement Hierarchical inheritance in java.
Ans:- // Parent class
class Employee {
String name;
double salary;

Employee(String name, double salary) {

this.name = name;
this.salary = salary;
}

void displayDetails() {
System.out.println("Name: " + name);
System.out.println("Salary: $" + salary);}}
class Manager extends Employee {
String department;

Manager(String name, double salary, String department) {

super(name, salary);
this.department = department;
}
void displayDetails() {
super.displayDetails();
System.out.println("Department: " + department);
}
}
class Clerk extends Employee {
String role;

Clerk(String name, double salary, String role) {

super(name, salary);
this.role = role;
}
void displayDetails() {
super.displayDetails();
System.out.println("Role: " + role);}}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating objects of child classes
Manager manager = new Manager("John Doe", 5000.0, "Human Resources");
Clerk clerk = new Clerk("Alice Smith", 3000.0, "Data Entry");
System.out.println("Manager Details:");
manager.displayDetails();
System.out.println("\nClerk Details:");
clerk.displayDetails();}}

OUTPUT:-
Q11:- Write a program to implement method overloading in java.
Ans:- public class MethodOverloadingExample {

void add(int a, int b) {

System.out.println("Sum of two integers: " + (a + b));
}

void add(double a, double b) {

System.out.println("Sum of two doubles: " + (a + b));
}

void add(int a, int b, int c) {

System.out.println("Sum of three integers: " + (a + b + c));
}

void concatenate(String str1, String str2) {

System.out.println("Concatenated string: " + str1 + str2);
}

void concatenate(String str1, String str2, String str3) {

System.out.println("Concatenated string: " + str1 + str2 + str3);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {

MethodOverloadingExample obj = new MethodOverloadingExample();

// Calling methods with different signatures

obj.add(5, 10);
obj.add(5.5, 10.5);
obj.add(5, 10, 15);

obj.concatenate("Hello, ", "World!");

obj.concatenate("Hello, ", "beautiful ", "World!");
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q12:-Write a program to implement method overriding in java.
Ans:- class Shape {
double area() {
return 0;}}

class Rectangle extends Shape {

double length;
double breadth;

Rectangle(double length, double breadth) {

this.length = length;
this.breadth = breadth;
}
double area() {
return length * breadth;
}
}

class Circle extends Shape {

double radius;

Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
double area() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
}

public class Main {

public static void main(String[] args) {
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(5, 3);
System.out.println("Area of rectangle: " + rectangle.area()); // Output: 15.0

Circle circle = new Circle(4);

System.out.println("Area of circle: " + circle.area()); // Output: 50.26548245743669
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q13:-Write a program to implement dynamic method dispatch in java.
Ans:- // Superclass
class Shape {
void draw() {
System.out.println("Drawing a shape");
}
}

class Circle extends Shape {

void draw() {
System.out.println("Drawing a circle");
}
}

class Rectangle extends Shape {

@Override
void draw() {
System.out.println("Drawing a rectangle");
}
}
class Triangle extends Shape {

void draw() {
System.out.println("Drawing a triangle");
}
}
public class DynamicMethodDispatch {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Shape shape1 = new Circle(); // Circle object
Shape shape2 = new Rectangle(); // Rectangle object
Shape shape3 = new Triangle(); // Triangle object

shape1.draw(); // Dynamic method dispatch occurs

shape2.draw(); // Dynamic method dispatch occurs
shape3.draw(); // Dynamic method dispatch occurs
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q14:- Write a program to implement abstract class in java.
Ans:-abstract class Shape {
abstract double area();
abstract double perimeter();
}
class Circle extends Shape {
private double radius;

Circle(double radius) {
this.radius = radius;
}
double area() {
return Math.PI * radius * radius;
}
double perimeter() {
return 2 * Math.PI * radius;
}
}
class Rectangle extends Shape {
private double length;
private double width;

Rectangle(double length, double width) {

this.length = length;
this.width = width;
}
double area() {
return length * width;
}
double perimeter() {
return 2 * (length + width);}}
public class AbstractClassExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Circle circle = new Circle(5);
Rectangle rectangle = new Rectangle(4, 6);

System.out.println("Circle:");
System.out.println("Area: " + circle.area());
System.out.println("Perimeter: " + circle.perimeter());

System.out.println("\nRectangle:");
System.out.println("Area: " + rectangle.area());
System.out.println("Perimeter: " + rectangle.perimeter());
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q15:-Write a program to implement interfaces in java.
Ans:- interface ElectronicDevice {
void turnOn();
void turnOff();
}
interface Connectable {
void connectToInternet();{
class Smartphone implements ElectronicDevice, Connectable {
public void turnOn() {
System.out.println("Smartphone turned on");
}
public void turnOff() {
System.out.println("Smartphone turned off");
}
public void connectToInternet() {
System.out.println("Smartphone connected to the internet");
}
}
class Laptop implements ElectronicDevice, Connectable {
public void turnOn() {
System.out.println("Laptop turned on");
}
public void turnOff() {
System.out.println("Laptop turned off");
} public void connectToInternet() {
System.out.println("Laptop connected to the internet");
}
}class Smartwatch implements ElectronicDevice {
public void turnOn() {
System.out.println("Smartwatch turned on");
}
public void turnOff() {
System.out.println("Smartwatch turned off");
}
}
public class RealLifeExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Smartphone smartphone = new Smartphone();
Laptop laptop = new Laptop();
Smartwatch smartwatch = new Smartwatch();

smartphone.turnOn();
smartphone.connectToInternet();

laptop.turnOn();
laptop.connectToInternet();

smartwatch.turnOn();
}
}
OUTPUT:-
Q16:- Write a simple Multithread program in java.
Ans:-
class MyThread extends Thread {
// Override run method to define the task to be performed by the thread
public void run() {
for (int i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
System.out.println("Thread: " + Thread.currentThread().getId() + " Count: " + i);
try {
// Adding a short delay for demonstration purposes
Thread.sleep(1000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
System.out.println(e);
}
}
}
}

// Main class
public class MultiThreadExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating and starting multiple threads
MyThread thread1 = new MyThread();
MyThread thread2 = new MyThread();

// Starting threads
thread1.start();
thread2.start();
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q17:-Write a program to handle try and multiple catch block.
Ans:-
public class ExceptionHandlingExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
// Attempting to perform division by zero
int result = 10 / 0;
System.out.println("Result: " + result); // This line will not be reached
} catch (ArithmeticException e) {
// Catching ArithmeticException which occurs when dividing by zero
System.out.println("ArithmeticException caught: " + e.getMessage());
} catch (Exception e) {
// Catching any other exception
System.out.println("Exception caught: " + e.getMessage());
} finally {
// The code inside the finally block always executes, regardless of whether an exception occurred or not
System.out.println("Finally block executed");
}

System.out.println("Program continues after exception handling");

}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q18:-Create a custom exception and throw in case of age<18 for voting.
Ans:-
class UnderageVotingException extends Exception {
public UnderageVotingException(String message) {
super(message);
}
}
class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public void vote() throws UnderageVotingException {
if (age < 18) {
throw new UnderageVotingException("Sorry, " + name + ". You are not eligible for voting as your age is
below 18.");
} else {
System.out.println(name + ", you are eligible for voting.");
}
}
}
public class CustomExceptionExample {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Creating a Person object
Person person1 = new Person("Sachin", 20);
Person person2 = new Person("Nikhil", 16);

try {
// Calling the vote method for person1
person1.vote();
// Calling the vote method for person2
person2.vote();
} catch (UnderageVotingException e) {
// Catching the custom exception and printing the error message
System.out.println("Error: " + e.getMessage());
}
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q19:-Create a student table using <TABLE> tag in html.
Ans:-
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Student Table</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>Student Table</h2>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Student ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Grade</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>060</td>
<td>Sachin</td>
<td>20</td>
<td>A</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>062</td>
<td>Sanjay</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>B+</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>059</td>
<td>Kunal</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>A-</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>061</td>
<td>Yash</td>
<td>21</td>
<td>C</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>

OUTPUT:-
Q20:- Write a program to draw different shapes using graphics methods.
Ans:-//ELLIPSE
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class ellipse extends JApplet {
public void init()
{
// set size
setSize(400, 400);
repaint();
}
public void paint(Graphics g)
{
// set Color for rectangle
g.setColor(Color.red);

// draw a ellipse
g.drawOval(100, 100, 150, 100);
}
}

OUTPUT:-
Q(B) DrawRect
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;

public class rectangle extends JApplet {

public void init()

{
// set size
setSize(400, 400);

repaint();
}

// paint the applet

public void paint(Graphics g)
{
// set Color for rectangle
g.setColor(Color.red);

// draw a rectangle
g.drawRect(100, 100, 200, 200);
}
}

OUTOUT:-
Q21:-Create a login form in AWT.
Ans:-
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class LoginForm extends Frame implements ActionListener {

Label usernameLabel, passwordLabel;
TextField usernameField, passwordField;
Button loginButton;
public LoginForm() {
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
usernameLabel = new Label("Username:");
add(usernameLabel);

usernameField = new TextField(20);

add(usernameField);

passwordLabel = new Label("Password:");

add(passwordLabel);

passwordField = new TextField(20);

passwordField.setEchoChar('*'); // Mask password
add(passwordField);

loginButton = new Button("Login");

add(loginButton);
loginButton.addActionListener(this);

setTitle("Login Form");
setSize(300, 150);
setVisible(true);

addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
dispose(); // Close the window
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String username = usernameField.getText();})}
String password = passwordField.getText();
if (username.equals("admin") && password.equals("password")) {
System.out.println("Login successful!");
} else {
System.out.println("Invalid username or password. Please try again.");}}

public static void main(String[] args) {

new LoginForm();
}
}
OUTPUT:-
Q22:- Create a calculator using event listener in java.
Ans:-
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;

public class LoginForm extends Frame implements ActionListener {

// Components
Label usernameLabel, passwordLabel;
TextField usernameField, passwordField;
Button loginButton;

// Constructor
public LoginForm() {
// Set layout
setLayout(new FlowLayout());

// Initialize components
usernameLabel = new Label("Username:");
add(usernameLabel);

usernameField = new TextField(20);

add(usernameField);

passwordLabel = new Label("Password:");

add(passwordLabel);

passwordField = new TextField(20);

passwordField.setEchoChar('*'); // Mask password
add(passwordField);

loginButton = new Button("Login");

add(loginButton);

// Register ActionListener for loginButton

loginButton.addActionListener(this);

// Set frame properties

setTitle("Login Form");
setSize(300, 150);
setVisible(true);

// Add WindowListener to handle closing event

addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
dispose(); // Close the window
}
});
}

// ActionListener implementation
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String username = usernameField.getText();
String password = passwordField.getText();

// Validate username and password

if (username.equals("admin") && password.equals("password")) {
System.out.println("Login successful!");
 } else {
System.out.println("Invalid username or password. Please try again.");
}
}

// Main method
public static void main(String[] args) {
new LoginForm();
}
}

OUTPUT:-