Reflect Reading & Writing 4

Unit 1 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

accomplish v. to achieve something after doing it for a long 2 C1

time
advanced adj. very modern; recently developed or improved 1 B1
beneficial* adj. helpful, useful, or positive 2 B2
bilingual adj. able to speak two languages well 2 C1
boost v. to improve or increase something 2 B2
community* n. a place where people live; a group of people 1 B2
with similar interests
flexible adj. able to change easily to fit into new situations 2 B2
function v. to work or perform in the correct way 2 C1
mental adj. related to the mind or thinking 2 B2
multicultural adj. including people from different countries 2 -
open to adj. comfortable with; willing to try 2 C1
paradox* n. a situation that is hard to understand because it 1 C2
has two opposite qualities
powerful adj. very strong and effective; able to do a lot 1 B1
privacy n. freedom to keep personal information secret 1 B2
rural* adj. relating to the countryside 1 B2
surrounded adj. having something all around it 1 B1
trend* n. a situation that is continuing to change or 1 B1
develop
urban adj. relating to towns or cities 1 B2
virtual* adj. done or seen on the Internet or a computer 1 B2
warn v. to tell somebody about a possible danger or 2 B1
problem

* Academic Word

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Reflect Reading & Writing 4
Unit 2 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

announce v. to say something officially 2 B1

brand n. a type of product made by a company 2 B2
criticize v. to stay negative things about something 2 B2
diverse adj. different 1 B2
divide v. to separate 1 B1
found* v. to start a company or organization 2 B2
fusion n. a combination 1 -
guideline* n. a rule to follow 2 C1
illustrate v. to give an example of; to show 1 C1
impression n. an opinion or idea 2 B2
multiple adj. many 1 C1
nation n. a country 1 B2
occur v. to happen 1 B2
official adj. decided by the government 1 B2
profit v. to earn money or a benefit 2 B2
respect v. to treat as important 2 B1
sensitive* adj. careful of others’ feelings 2 B2
symbolize v. to represent 1 -
trade v. to buy and sell things 2 B2
values n. beliefs about what is important in life 1 B2

* Academic Word

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Reflect Reading & Writing 4
Unit 3 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

amusing adj. funny and entertaining 2 B1

appealing adj. attractive 2 B2
cycle n. a series of actions or events that happen again 2 B2
and again
element n. a part 1 B2
encourage v. to push; to motivate 1 B1
exchange v. to give something and get something in return 1 B1
explicit adj. clear and direct 2 C2
figure n. the general shape of a person or object 2 B1
key adj. important 1 B2
opt v. to choose to do something 2 C1
overcome v. to solve or deal with 1 B2
promote v. to encourage people to do or buy something 2 C1
proportion n. an amount that is part of a whole 2 C1
purchase v. to buy 2 B2
range n. a variety 1 B1
state v. to write or say something in a clear, careful 2 B2
way
treat v. to give medical care to 1 B2
unsuitable adj. not right or appropriate 1 B2
vital adj. necessary 1 B2
worthwhile adj. important or useful 1 B2

* Academic Word

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Reflect Reading & Writing 4
Unit 4 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

artificial* adj. made by people; not natural 1 B2

capable of* adj. phr. able to do something 1 B2
complex adj. difficult to understand 2 B2
concerned adj. worried 1 B2
consequence* n. the result of something 2 B2
content adj. happy about your situation 1 B2
direct v. to guide actions 2 C1
distinguish v. to recognize how two things are different 1 B2
inevitable* adj. certain to happen 2 C1
knowledge n. the things you know about a topic 1 B1
lack v. to not have or not have enough 1 B2
optimistic adj. positive about the future 2 B2
prospect* n. something that may happen 2 B2
resemble* v. to look similar 1 C1
resource* n. money, materials, or other things that can be 2 B2
used to reach a goal
responsibility n. something you have to do; a duty 2 B2
turn out v. phr. to happen in a particular way 1 B2
valid adj. based on good reasons or facts 1 B2
vast adj. huge; enormous 2 B2
wisdom* n. knowledge, experience, good judgement 2 B2

* Academic Word

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Reflect Reading & Writing 4
Unit 5 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

advance n. an improvement 1 B2
approach* n. a way to think about or do something 2 B2
ban v. to not allow; to prohibit 1 B2
conquer v. to deal with or fight against a problem 2 C1
successfully
crisis n. a difficult or dangerous situation 2 B2
currently adv. at the present; right now 2 B2
decade n. a period of 10 years 1 B2
efficient adj. wasting little time, energy, or money 2 B1
equivalent* adj. equal to something else 1 C1
excess* adj. extra or too much 2 C1
feature* n. a distinctive aspect 1 B2
generate* v. to produce 1 B2
guarantee* n. a promise that something will happen or be 2 B2
done
innovation n. a new idea or invention 1 C1
principle* n. a rule for doing something in the right way 1 C1
progress* n. movement toward a better situation 1 B1
release* v. to let go of 2 B2
store v. to keep something so it can be used later 2 B2
take into account v. phr. to consider when making a decision 1 B2
unreliable* adj. not always accurate or correct 2 B2

* Academic Word

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Reflect Reading & Writing 4
Unit 6 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

competitor n. in business, a company with similar products 1 B1

and customers
criteria* n. things or reasons that help you choose 2 C1
decline* v. to go down or to get worse 2 B2
ethical adj. relating to correct and acceptable behavior 2 C2
fake adj. not real 1 C1
financial* adj. relating to money 2 B1
fix v. to repair something that is broken 2 B1
goods* n. products that a company sells 1 B1
in the long term phr. for a long period of time in the future 1 B2
incentive* n. something that encourages a person to do 2 C2
something
investigate* v. to examine something carefully 2 B2
majority* n. the largest number among a group of people or 1 B2
things
outweigh v. to be more important 2 C1
paradise n. a situation or place that is perfect 2 C1
pressure n. the act of influencing someone to do 1 B2
something
review n. a written opinion about the quality of 1 B1
something
satisfied adj. pleased because something is good 1 B1
services n. actions to help or do work for someone 1 B1
set v. to give; to make 2 B2
trustworthy adj. able to be trusted; believable 1 C1

* Academic Word

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Reflect Reading & Writing 4
Unit 7 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

comfortable adj. relaxed; at ease 1 B2

desire n. a strong wish or hope 1 B2
donate* v. to help by giving money, time, or goods to a 2 B2
person or charity
donor n. a person who gives money or other things to a 2 C2
charity
energetic* adj. full of energy 1 B2
funds* n. money for a specific purpose 2 C1
inaccurate adj. not correct 1 B2
label* v. to name or describe 1 C2
operation n. cutting open a person’s body in order to fix a 2 B1
medical problem
outgoing adj. friendly and sociable 1 C1
pattern n. the specific way that something is usually done 2 B2
or organized
persist v. to continue 1 C2
persuade v. to convince a person to do or believe 2 B1
something
quality n. a characteristic 1 B2
reasonable adj. appropriate 2 B2
recharge v. to rest and gain energy 1 C2
reserved adj. private about one’s views 1 C2
simplify v. to make something easier to understand 2 C1
sympathy n. a feeling of sadness for someone’s bad luck 2 B2
take advantage of v. phr. to benefit from an event or situation 2 B1

* Academic Word

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Reflect Reading & Writing 4
Unit 8 Vocabulary List

WORD POS DEFINITION READING CEFR

adjust* v. to become comfortable with a new situation 2 B2

admit v. to agree that something is true 1 B1
ambition n. a strong desire to achieve a goal or be 1 B1
successful
assumption* n. something you believe to be true 1 C1
build up* v. phr. to gradually increase 2 C1
capacity n. the amount that something can contain 2 B2
degree n. a course that you study at college, or the 1 B1
qualification you receive after completing a
course
fund* v. to provide money to start a company or 1 C1
organization
gifted adj. very intelligent or having a special talent 1 C1
impressive adj. very good or special 1 B2
institute n. an organization, such as a university 1 B2
moderate adj. average 2 C1
passion n. a strong interest in (or love of) doing something 1 C1
recurring adj. happening again and again 2 C2
repetition n. the act of doing or saying the same thing 2 C2
routine n. a regular order or sequence of events 2 B1
schedule* v. to arrange for something to happen at a 2 B2
specific time
source n. the place that something comes from 2 B2
struggle v. to try hard to do or achieve something 1 B2
vary* v. to change 2 B2

* Academic Word

Reflect Reading & Writing 4 Vocabulary Lists © National Geographic Learning, a part of Cengage Learning