Reddy Reprot
Reddy Reprot
We take this great opportunity to express our sincere and heartfelt gratitude to
our beloved principal Dr.MK Purushothama, Ramaiah Institute of Business
Studies (RIBS) Bangalore, for the encouragement all throughout our under-
graduation course.
It is our privilege to thank our guide of BCA department, Mrs. Supriya P for the
constant encouragement during this project work.
We are extremely grateful to our HOD of BCA department, Mrs. Supriya P for her
inspiring guidance, encouragement for the work, timely suggestions and also for
providing us with all the facilities for the completion of the project.
We would also thank all those, directly and indirectly involved in helping us with
thecompletion of this project work successfully.
INTRODUCTIONT OF HTML:-
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the standard language used
to create and design web pages on the internet. It was introduced by Tim
Berners-Lee in 1991 at CERN as a simple markup language. Since then, it has
evolved through versions from HTML 2.0 to HTML5 (the latest 2024 version).
HTML is the language of the web, used by billions of websites to create the pages
you see every day.
HTML tags are the building blocks of web pages. By understanding and using
HTML tags effectively, you can create well-structured and informative webpages.
Syntax:
Global attributes apply to all types of HTML tags. Some commonly used global
attributes include:
Egs – class,style,src,srcset,role..etc
HTML Colors can be applied to text, backgrounds, borders, links, forms, tables,
etc. This article provides an in-depth look at how colors can be applied to various
elements such as text, backgrounds, borders, links, forms, and tables in HTML.
We will explore different color formats including hexadecimal, RGB, RGBA, HSL,
and named colors, offering you precise control over the color presentation on
your web pages.
HTML color names offer a user-friendly way to specify colors. From classic colors
like Red, Green, Blue, Pink, Purple, Sky Blue, Gray, and Orange, to more exotic
shades, HTML provides a wide palette for web designers. Whether you’re
Egs-Rgb(red,green,blue)
1 . 6 HTML Video:-
The <video> element in HTML allows you to embed video content directly into
web pages. It supports various video formats, including MP4, WebM, and Ogg. In
this guide, we’ll learn about the key features of HTML5 video. video and audio
tags are introduced in HTML5.
Syntax
HTML Forms utilize the <form> element as a powerful tool to collect user input
through a variety of interactive controls. These controls range from text fields,
numeric inputs, email fields, password fields, to checkboxes, radio buttons, and
submit buttons.
Synatax:-
<form>
<!--form elements-->
</form>
The HTML <form> comprises several elements, each serving a unique purpose.
For instance, the <label> element is used to define labels for
other <form> elements.
Element:-label,input,button,select…etc
The HTML <nav> tag is used for defining navigation sections in web documents.
It serves to organize and present links that facilitate user navigation within or
outside the current webpage.
Syntax;-
Supported Browser:
Edge 12
Mozilla 4.0
Safari 5.0
The HTML Quotation elements are used to insert quoted texts in a web page, that
is the portion of texts different from the normal texts in the web page. Below are
some of the most used quotation elements of the HTML.
Syntax:-<any words>
Tag Description
Supported Browser:
Google Chrome
Edge
Firefox
Opera
Safari
A blog entry
A forum post
A user-submitted a comment
Syntax:-
<article> {
display:block;
HTML Cheat Sheet is a simple, and quick reference list of basic HTML elements
and attributes. The purpose of this Cheat Sheet is to provide you with some quick
accurate ready-to-use code snippets and necessary HTML tags and attributes.
Syntax:-
Table of Content:-
Reserved Characters
Other Characters
Non-breaking Space
HTML DOM: The Document Object Model (DOM) is a programming interface for
HTML(HyperText Markup Language) and XML(Extensible markup language)
documents.
An HTML Element is a collection of start and end tags with the content inserted
between them. HTML elements are building blocks of web pages, representing
different types of content such as headings, paragraphs, links, and images.
Syntax:-
HTML headings, from <h1> to <h6>, indicate content hierarchy and importance.
Search engines use them for indexing. Users navigate by headings. Employ <h1>
for main titles, <h2> for subsections, and progressively lower levels for less
important content to maintain structure and readability.
2. <h2> – Subheadings:
Syntax:-
The <p> tag in HTML signifies a paragraph. Enclosed within the opening <p> and
closing </p> tags, any content is recognized as a paragraph. As a block-level
element, a new paragraph inherently starts on a fresh line, with browsers
intuitively adding space before and after a paragraph for enhanced readability.
Syntax:-
Part 1:-
The HTML <br> tag element creates a line break, giving you a new line without
starting a new paragraph. Use `<br>` when you want to move to the next line
without beginning a whole new paragraph.
Syntax:-
<br>
The HTML <hr> tag is used to create a horizontal rule or line, visually separating
content on a webpage. Use <hr> when you want to insert a horizontal line to
signify a division between sections or elements, providing a clear visual break in
the page.
Syntax:-
<hr>
The <p> tag specifically supports the alignment attribute and allows us to align
our paragraphs in left, right, or center alignment.
<p align="value">
The <pre> is used for pre-formatted text. It keeps the original spaces and line
breaks exactly as they are in the code. When you use <pre>, the text appears in a
fixed-width font, preserving the formatting and layout just as it looks in the
HTML code.
Syntax:-
HTML links, or hyperlinks, connect web pages. They’re created using the <a>
tag with the href attribute, which specifies the destination URL. Users can click
on links to navigate between different pages or resources.
The HTML <img> tag is used to embed an image in web pages by linking them. It
creates a placeholder for the image, defined by attributes like src, width, height,
and alt, and does not require a closing tag.
By providing the file path relative to the location of the current web page file.
Syntax:-
<img src=”example.jpg”>image</img>
HTML layouts are the backbone of web pages, structuring content for user-
friendly navigation.
Ch-2
CSS (Cascading Styling Sheet) is the language that defines the presentation of a
document written in a markup language like HTML. CSS is the language that
transforms a basic HTML structure into a user-friendly and visually beautiful
webpage. It can change the font, color, size, and spacing of content, split it into
multiple columns, or add animations and other features.
CSS, or Cascading Style Sheets, is the secret sauce that styles all the websites you
visit. It’s a simple language that controls how HTML elements (like text, images,
and buttons) are displayed on a webpage. With CSS, you can change the font
size and color, add backgrounds, and control the layout, transforming a basic
webpage into a visually appealing and user-friendly experience
External: Create a separate CSS file (.css) and link it to your HTML
Syntax:-
CSS selectors are used to select HTML elements based on their element name, id,
class, attribute, and many more.
CSS Properties:-
CSS property is used to set the style or assign behavior of HTML elements. The
CSS property contains two parts, property_name, and property_value. The
property_value is enclosed within double quotes (” “).
CSS i.e. Cascading Style Sheets is a stylesheet language used to describe the
presentation of a document written in a markup language such as HTML, XML,
etc. CSS enhances the look and feel of the webpage by describing how elements
should be rendered on screen or in other media.
CSS Cheat Sheet provides you with the most common style snippets CSS gradient,
background, button, font family, order, radius, box, and text-shadow generators,
color picker, and more tools to add more visual weight to your document. All
these and other useful web design tools can be found on a single page.
Performance: Check the file size of the framework, a smaller file size increases
the load time of the web page and enhances the performance of the website.
Community and Support: Choose the framework that has large and active
community support, you can be updated on all the updates and have a good
amount of resources such as documentation, tutorials, etc that are useful
throughout the development process.
Browser Compatibility: Ensure that the framework has been tested and is
compatible with major browsers to avoid cross-browser compatibility issues.
Efficiency: CSS frameworks are always on top when time is a concern since you do
not need to write code from scratch there is a pre-designed set of codes that will
help developers simply integrate into their applications which helps to save lots
of time with pleasing design.
Community Support: Most of the popular CSS frameworks have large community
support.
HTML (HyperText Markup Language) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) form the
fundamental building blocks for designing and developing the structure of any
web page or website. Together, they create an interactive and visually appealing
user interface through the use of various CSS properties.
This article curates a list of top-notch HTML & CSS template-based projects.
These projects are designed to enhance your frontend skills and deepen your
understanding of HTML & CSS.
Bootstrap :-
Time and Cost Efficiency: By leveraging the power of Bootstrap, developers can
save significant time and effort in front-end development, resulting in faster
Bootstrap 5 Layout :-
3.4 Containers:-
Containers are basically used to add pad the contents inside or center the items
inside the container.
3.5 Bootstap:-
Introduction to JavaScript:-
Internal JS: We can add JavaScript directly to our HTML file by writing the code
inside the <script> tag. The <script> tag can either be placed inside the <head>
or the <body> tag according to the requirement.
External JS: We can write JavaScript code in another files having an extension.js
and then link this file inside the <head> tag of the HTML file in which we want to
add this code.
Features of JavaScript:-
JavaScript was created in the first place for DOM manipulation. Earlier websites
were mostly
Applications of JavaScript:-
Games: Not only in websites, but JavaScript also helps in creating games for
leisure. The combination of JavaScript and HTML 5 makes JavaScript popular in
game development as well.
Limitations of JavaScript:-
JavaScript Strings are used for storing and manipulating text content.
These operators convert the number to a 32-bit binary number and perform the
bitwise operation. The number is converted back to the 64-bit number after the
result.
A constructor gets called when an object is created using the new keyword.
Instance Properties:- An instance property is a property that has a new copy for
every new instance of the class.
Properties Description
Since end users are the ones who are finally going to use the system, their
requirements need to be identified. This involves questioning the end users what their
expectations were. The main requirement of the end user is that the system should be
easy to use and take less time.
In addition to these another important factor was to eliminate the need for database
conversion and migration that had to be carried out presently. After conducting
interviews with the users a document called the software requirement specification
was created. This is the most important document that forms the basis for system
development. It should be consistent, complete, unambiguous, traceable and inter-
related. This document has the following components:
The functional requirements specify relationship between the inputs and outputs. All
the operations to be performed on the input data to obtain output are to be specified.
This includes specifying the validity checks on the input and output data, parameters
affected by the operations and the other operations, which must be used to transform
the inputs into outputs.
Functional requirements specify the behavior of the system for valid input and outputs.
Performance Requirements:
This section includes performance of the product that are set by user interaction and
studying the existing system of the organization. These are stated in complete
measurable terms, so that they can be verified during system evaluation phase.
Screenshort:-
Css code(:-