Lecture

Power Electronics (EE-3063)

*: This complete document is an excerpt/selection from various books and other sources. The author of this document doesn’t claim any rights to
the topics discussed in this document. The topics have been presented in a way to help out the students of DHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan.

EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais

EE-3063 Power Electronics https://goo.gl/images/DYALH1 Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Rectifier Performance Parameters

Parameter Equation
𝑃𝑑𝑐 𝑉𝑜𝑑𝑐 𝐼𝑜𝑑𝑐
Efficiency (𝜂) 𝜂= =
𝑃ac 𝑉𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑠
Form Factor 𝑉𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝐹𝐹 =
(FF) 𝑉𝑜𝑑𝑐
Crest Factor Is(peak)
𝐶𝐹 =
(CF) Is𝑟𝑚𝑠

𝑉𝑜𝑎𝑐 𝑉2𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑠 − 𝑉2𝑜𝑑𝑐 𝑉2𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑠 − 𝑉2𝑜𝑑𝑐

Ripple Factor 𝑅𝐹 = = =
(RF) 𝑉𝑜𝑑𝑐 𝑉𝑜𝑑𝑐 𝑉2𝑜𝑑𝑐
= 𝐹𝐹2 − 1

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Rectifier Performance Parameters

Parameter Equation
𝑃𝑜𝑑𝑐 𝑃𝑜𝑑𝑐 𝑉𝑜𝑑𝑐 𝐼𝑜𝑑𝑐
Transformer Utilization 𝑇𝑈𝐹 = = =
𝑃𝑎𝑐(𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑑) 𝑉𝑠 𝐼𝑠 𝑉𝑠 𝐼𝑠
Factor (TUF)

𝑃𝑅 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 cos ∅

Power Factor (PF) 𝑃𝐹 = =
𝑃𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝑉𝑟𝑚𝑠 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠

Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) 𝑃𝐼𝑉 = 𝑉𝑚

Harmonic Factor (HF) or

I S2  I S21 I S2
Total Harmonic Distortion HF  THDi  2
 2 1
I S1 I S1
(THD)

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave (CT) Rectifier
• The average output voltage is

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave (CT) Rectifier
• The parameters for a CR full-wave rectifier are given below

1 2Vm
Vodc 
  Vm sin t dt 
0

2Vm
I odc 
 R


Vorms 
1

 m
V sin t 2
dt 
Vm
 0 2

Vm
I orms 
2 R

𝑃𝐼𝑉 = 2𝑉𝑚

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave (CT) Rectifier

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave (CT) Rectifier

𝑉𝑚 𝑽𝒎
𝑉𝑆 (𝑟𝑚𝑠) = 𝐼𝑆 𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
𝟐𝑹
2

𝟒𝑉2𝑚 4𝑉2𝑚
𝑃𝑑𝑐 𝜋𝑅2
𝜋𝑅2
TUF = = = 𝑉2
= .573159 = 57.3159%
𝐕𝐀 𝐑𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝟐(𝑉𝑆𝐼𝑆) 2( 𝑚 )
2 2𝑅
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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave (CT) Rectifier

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave (CT) Rectifier
• The rectifier in shown in figure has a purely resistive load of R Determine (a) The
efficiency, (b) Form factor (c) Ripple factor

2Vm 2 110 2:1

Vodc    70.06V
 

Vm=220v
10Ω
V
I odc  odc  7 A
R

Vm Vorms
Vorms   77.78V I orms   7.77 A
2 R
Podc Vodc  I odc 70.06  7
    81.05%
Poac Vorms  I orms 77.78  7.77

Vorms 77.78
FF    1.11 RF  FF 2  1  1.112  1  0.483
Vodc 70.06
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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier
• The parameters for a CR full-wave rectifier are given below

1 2Vm
Vodc 
  Vm sin t dt 
0

2Vm
I odc 
 R


Vorms 
1

 m
V sin t 2
dt 
Vm
 0 2

Vm
I orms 
2 R

𝑃𝐼𝑉 = 𝑉𝑚

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier (RL)

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Full-Wave Bridge Rectifier (Highly Inductive)


1 2Vm
Vodc 
  Vm sin t dt 
0

2Vm
I odc 
 R


Vorms 
1

 m
V sin t 2
dt 
Vm
 0 2

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave Rectifiers
• Advantages of Bridge rectifier circuit:
 No center-tapped transformer is required
 The TUF is considerably high
 PIV is reduced across the diode.

• Disadvantages of Bridge rectifier circuit:

 The only disadvantage of bridge rectifier is the use of four diodes as compared to
two diodes for center-tapped FWR.
 This reduces the output voltage

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Single-Phase Full-Wave (CT) Rectifier
• The rectifier in shown in figure has a purely resistive load of R Determine (a) The
efficiency, (b) Form factor (c) Ripple factor

2Vm 2 110 2:1

Vodc    70.06V
 

Vm=220v
10Ω
V
I odc  odc  7 A
R

Vm Vorms
Vorms   77.78V I orms   7.77 A
2 R
Podc Vodc  I odc 70.06  7
    81.05%
Poac Vorms  I orms 77.78  7.77

Vorms 77.78
FF    1.11 RF  FF 2  1  1.112  1  0.483
Vodc 70.06
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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Practice Problem
• A Single-phase diode bridge rectifier has a purely resistive load of R=15 ohms and,
VS=300 sin ωt and unity transformer ratio. Determine (a) The efficiency, (b) Form
factor, (c) Ripple factor, (d) Input power factor.

 2Vm
1 2 Vm I dc   12.7324 A
Vdc 
  Vm sin t dt  
 190.956 V
 R
0

1/ 2
1   Pdc V I
Vrms    Vm sin t 2 dt  
Vm
 212.132 V   dc dc  81.06 %
  0  2 Pac Vrms I rms

V 2
 Vdc2 V2
FF  rms  1.11 RF 
Vac

Vrms
 rms  1  FF 2  1  0.482 The PIV=300V
Vdc Vdc Vdc 2
Vdc

Re al Power V I cos 
Input power factor =  S S 1
Apperant Power VS I S
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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 Practice Problem

• In a bridge rectifier the transformer is connected to 220V, 60Hz mains and the turns
ratio of the step down transformer is 11:1. Assuming the diode to be ideal, determine:

a) Idc
b) Voltage across the load
c) PIV assume load resistance to be 1kΩ

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EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais
 References

• Muhammad H. Rashid, “Power Electronics Devices, Circuits, and Applications”, Fourth Edition.

• NED MOHAN, “Power Electronics Converters, Applications, and Design”, Third Edition.

• Muhammad H. Rashid, “Power Electronics Handbook”, Fourth Edition.

• Power Electronics, Single Phase Uncontrolled Full Wave Rectifiers, Dr. Firas Obeidat

https://www.philadelphia.edu.jo/academics/fobeidat/uploads/Power%20Electronic%20Course
/4%20Single%20Phase%20Uncontrolled%20full-Wave%20Rectifiers.pdf

*: This complete document is an excerpt/selection from the books referred above. The author of this document doesn’t claim any rights to the
topics discussed in this document. The topics have been presented in a way to help out the students of DHA Suffa University, Karachi, Pakistan.

20
EE-3063 Power Electronics Engr. Muhammad Owais