TURNING TUTORIAL

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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1 GETTING STARTED 1-1
How to Use This Manual................................................................................. 1-2
Installing Learning Files ............................................................................ 1-2
Steps to Generate an NC Program................................................................... 1-3
Step 1: Draw the CAD Part or Open Part File .......................................... 1-3
Points to Remember When Drawing a Turning Part............................ 1-4
Step 2: Start Turning ................................................................................. 1-4
Understanding the Turning Window .................................................... 1-5
Step 3: Set the Setup Information ............................................................. 1-9
Setup Information Dialog Box ............................................................. 1-9
Changing the Setup Information ........................................................ 1-11
Step 4: Define the Stock .......................................................................... 1-11
Step 5: Insert Part Boundaries................................................................. 1-12
Step 6: Define the Operations ................................................................. 1-13
Step 7: Generate the Tool Paths.............................................................. 1-16
Step 8: Post Process the Part ................................................................... 1-17
More About Defining Stock .......................................................................... 1-20
CHAPTER 2 ROUGHING 2-1
Rough Turning/Facing..................................................................................... 2-2
Inserting a Rough Turning Cycle............................................................... 2-2
Reviewing the Tool Path Sequence ........................................................... 2-4
Generating a Rough Face Cycle Using a Grooving Tool .......................... 2-5
CHAPTER 3 FINISH TURNING 3-1
Inserting a Profile Tool Path............................................................................ 3-2
Exercise 1................................................................................................... 3-2
Generating Rough and Finish Turn Tool Paths.................................... 3-2
Generating a Cutoff Cycle.................................................................... 3-5
Editing an Operation and Updating Tool Paths.................................... 3-6
Exercise 2................................................................................................... 3-7
Exercise 3................................................................................................. 3-10
CHAPTER 4 GROOVING, THREADING, DRILLING 4-1
Cutting a Groove ............................................................................................. 4-2
Threading Cycle............................................................................................... 4-5
Generating a Drill Cycle.................................................................................. 4-8

i
Table of Contents

CHAPTER 5 SKILL-BUILDER EXERCISES 5-1

Skill-Builder Exercise 1................................................................................... 5-2
Skill Builder Exercise 2................................................................................... 5-7
Skill Builder Exercise 3................................................................................. 5-11
Skill-Builder Exercise 4................................................................................. 5-13
Skill-Builder Exercise 5................................................................................. 5-15
Skill-Builder Exercise 6................................................................................. 5-17
INDEX

ii
Chapter 1 Getting Started

This manual is designed to introduce you to the features of the ProCAM Turning system. The
information and exercises in this chapter help you understand the process to generate turn
toolpaths and NC code.

Getting Started 1-1

How to Use This Manual

How to Use This Manual

This manual is a tutorial. It is designed to guide you through the steps to generate an
NC program and introduce you to the features of the ProCAM Turning system.
• The information and exercises in Chapter 1 help you understand the process of
creating an NC program.
• The exercises Chapters 2 through 4 provide an opportunity to learn how to use
the features and functions of the Turning system.
• Chapter 5 contains more advanced exercises for practicing what you have
learned.
• If you want more information about a particular feature or function, see the
applicable topics in the online Help system. To open the Turn Help, select Help
on the ProCAM menu bar, then select Lathe Help Topics.
Did You Know ...
The Manuals folder on the ProCAM CD contains a complete set of ProCAM
manuals. When you install ProCAM II from the ProCAM CD, the manuals are
copied into the \procad\manuals\ProCAM folder on your PC. These files are in
Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) and can be viewed, searched and
printed using the Acrobat Reader. If you do not have the Reader, you can install
it from the ProCAM CD or download it from the Adobe web site.

Installing Learning Files

Sample parts are provided for the exercises in this manual. A generic post processor,
FANTUTL, is also included. This post processor is to be used for learning purposes
only. The NC code it generates is not intended to actually run in your machine.
When you installed ProCAM, the Setup program automatically created a
\procad\parts\learn folder containing the learning part files (.prt) and copied the
FANTUTL controller files to the \procad\ctl folder. For more information on
installing ProCAM, see the ProCAM 2D & ProCAM II Installation & Quick-Start
Guide.

1-2 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

Steps to Generate an NC Program

The following steps are used to generate NC programs:
1. Draw the part in the CAD system or open the part file.
Draw irregular stock shape (if a forging or casting).
2. Start Lathe and select the controller.
3. Specify the Setup Information.
4. Define the stock.
5. Put boundaries on what will be cut.
Put boundary on the stock shape, if drawn in step 1.
6. Define operations.
7. Generate tool paths.
8. Post process the part.

The next series of exercises show you how to follow these steps to rough turn the
OD of a part using an 80 degree diamond tool. In order to give you a feel for how the
Turning system works, you are asked to accept a number of defaults while you are
defining the tool paths. This is done to show you the basics of generating a tool path.

Step 1: Draw the CAD Part or Open Part File

Parts can be drawn in ProCAM or imported from other design systems in a number
of different formats.
EXERCISE 1. Start ProCAM 2D.
2. Choose Open on the File menu.
3. In the Open File dialog box, change the Look in folder to \procad\parts\learn.
4. Select EXLATH1.PRT in the file list, then press ENTER or click OK.
5. Choose the Axis command on the Setup menu.

− The options in the Axis dialog box have already been set for turning.
− The Axis On option is checked. This option controls the axis display in the
work area.
− The Horizontal Axis Label is set to +Z and the Vertical Axis Label is set to
+X. Lathes typically use Z and X coordinates.
− The determination whether the axis input should be positive or negative
depends on your machine. If you specify Z positive, all Z coordinates to the
left of zero (looking at the screen) will be negative. Specifying X positive
makes all the X coordinates on the top of center positive.

Getting Started 1-3

Steps to Generate an NC Program

− The Axis Mode is set to Diameter. Lathes typically use diameters instead of
radii. In Diameter mode, ProCAM divides the value entered in the vertical
axis in half, displaying half the value above the horizontal axis.
6. Click the Cancel button in the Axis dialog box to exit without changing any
options.
Points to Remember When Drawing a Turning Part
When you draw a turning part in the CAD system:
• You need to draw only half the part. You can use the Mirror utility and mirror the
part for viewing purposes if desired (EXLATH1.PRT has been mirrored for the
exercises in this chapter).
• You may find it easier to display the axis lines when drawing turning parts to see
the axis labels and to have an entity to mirror around.
• In Diameter mode, vertical values (X) are automatically converted to radial
values. Since a 1" diameter is actually .5" up from the centerline, using Diameter
mode enables you to use print dimensions without manual conversion.

Step 2: Start Turning

The CAM button on the CAD toolbar starts a CAM system, in this case the Turning
system.

EXERCISE 1. Click the CAM button in the CAD toolbar.

The Controller Types dialog box displays a list of
processors. The figure on the right shows a sample list. The
list that displays for your system depends on the processors
that are installed.
When you select a combination machine, an additional
dialog box displays the applicable choices for the machine.
For example, for a combination mill/lathe, you can select
mill face, mill OD, lathe or CAD.
2. Select FANTUTL and click OK.
In the exercises in this manual, when you are asked to start
the Turning system, select FANTUTL. When you create
your own parts, pick the post processor that will be used to
cut the part.
If you have the Feed and Speed Library installed, the Setup Information dialog
box displays. This dialog box is explained on page 1-9.

1-4 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

Understanding the Turning Window

When you start the Turning system, the Utility and Snap toolbars remain the same as
in the CAD system. The Lathe toolbar replaces the CAD toolbar. The menu bar
remains the same; however, menu commands are enabled that were not applicable in
the CAD system. The system bar changes to display tool and operation items.
The ProCAM window may look different on your system depending on the layout
and colors you have selected in the Screen Display dialog box.

System Bar

System bar

Item Description
Tool The Tool button is used to define or select tools. Next to the button
Information is the Tool selection box. This box indicates the current tool and
allows you to change a tool quickly. The tool ID of the current tool
is shown to the right of the box.
Operation This button is used to define a new operation, edit a previously
button defined operation, and change the operation that is currently
selected. The button also indicates the operation type when a
previously-defined operation is selected.

Getting Started 1-5

Steps to Generate an NC Program

Item Description
Tool Two options on the right side of the system bar (Rgt and End Cmp)
Compensation control tool compensation for arc and linear tool paths.
options
Color box Indicates the current color. You can change color when you insert
boundaries and tool paths.
Layer box Indicates the current layer. You can change layers and insert
boundaries and tool paths on separate layers.

Lathe Toolbar
The Lathe toolbar displays
the Turning system Linear Tool Path
command buttons.
Arc Tool Path Groove

Rapid Thread

Verify Tool Fitting

Boundary Profile

Rough Drill

Stock Cutoff

Post Process Attribute

Exit to CAD 3D View

Modifier Toolbars
There are three types of modifiers in the Turning system:
• Single-choice modifiers
These modifiers are selected by clicking the button once. ProCAM highlights the
button to indicate it is selected.
• Multiple-choice modifiers
These modifier buttons are toggles. Click the button a number of times to toggle
though the selections until the modifier you are looking for is shown on the
button.
• Additional choice modifiers
These modifiers display additional modifiers.

1-6 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

ToolTips
A ToolTip is a label that identifies the function of a toolbar
button. To display the ToolTip, position the mouse pointer on a
button and let the pointer rest there for a second. A ToolTip
ending in two greater than symbols (>>) indicates the button is a
toggle that has additional options. Click the button to view the
next modifier.
When you click a toggle modifier button, move the pointer off the button, then back
on to display the ToolTip.
CAM Menu
The CAM menu is enabled in the Turning
system. Commands that are dimmed are not
applicable. The commands are explained
briefly below.

Command Description
Select Controller Displays the Controller Types dialog box, which allows you to
change the controller for post processing a part. You can create
a part and define the tool paths once, then post process the part
for several controllers. This means you can cut the part on
different machines. The dialog box is shown on page 1-4.
Display Controller Displays the Control Display dialog box containing information
about the controller, such as Machine Name, Controller Type,
and Traverse Rate.
Setup Information Displays the Setup Information dialog box. You can change
various parameters including the Program Number and
Material.
Use ANSI / ISO These options allow you to select the standard ProCAM uses
Standard for insert descriptions. Basically, ANSI is American decimal
and ISO is European metric.

Getting Started 1-7

Steps to Generate an NC Program

Command Description
Tool Files Displays a cascading menu with options to Open, Save and
Delete tool files. Tool files allow you to define tools and save
the settings for use in multiple parts.
Default Files You can change operation defaults and save the changes in a
file for future recall. You can create a library of default files for
different machines and different material conditions.
Speed/Feed Tables Displays a cascading menu with options to Set, Open, Save and
Delete feed/speed tables. You can modify feed/speed tables and
save the changes in a file for later recall in other parts. Note
that if you have the Feed and Speed Library installed, the Set
option is the only command that is enabled. This command
activates the Feed/Speed Editor.

CAM Display Options

The CAM Display command on the Setup
menu is activated in the Turning system.
The options that are used in Turning are
explained below.

Option Description
Rapids When this option is selected, dashed lines representing rapid
moves display between CAM entities. You may want to turn off
this display to speed up part display and to make it easier to view
the part.
Boundary When this option is selected, arrows display on CAM entities
Arrows indicating the direction of machining.
Stock Select this option to display the part stock (workpiece) that has
been defined for a part.

1-8 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

Option Description
Attribute When you use the Measure, Edit Attribute and Order Check
Display During Utilities, select this option to display the attributes that have been
123/Measure
attached to a CAM entity.
Symbol When this option is checked, a symbol displays on the tool path
Symbol Color where an attribute is attached. The color of the symbol can be
selected from the pulldown list.
Display All of Select this option to display each tool at the start and end of each
Tool tool path. All tools remain displayed. If this option is not selected,
the tool displays only at the start and end of the last tool path.
Holder Display Select this option when you want to view the holder as the tool is
On cutting.
Cut Simulation Cut Simulation provides a simulation of the lathe cutter paths in
On the order they will be machined and post processed. To use the
simulation:
• check this option
• adjust the Simulation Distance
• close the CAM Display dialog box
• click the Redraw button on the Utility toolbar
When you are finished viewing the simulation, clear this check
box. Leaving Cut Simulation turned on slows system operation and
whenever you click Redraw, the simulation will run.
Simulation You can adjust the speed of the tool during cut simulation by
Distance changing this setting.

Step 3: Set the Setup Information

The Setup Information command on the CAM menu is used to provide information
required to generate the NC program. The Setup options vary depending on the
machine. This dialog box also provides information for the Setup Sheet, a file that is
created when the NC program file is generated.
Setup Information Dialog Box
The Setup Information dialog box displays automatically when you start the Turning
system (if you have the Feed and Speed Library installed) or when you choose Setup
Information on the CAM menu.

Getting Started 1-9

Steps to Generate an NC Program

The parameters shown on the

right are required for most NC
programs. Additional parameters
may display if they are required
by the controller.

Option Description
Program This option is the program number that is used by the machine controller
Number to register the program into memory. In a Fanuc controller, this is a 4
digit number. You do not need to enter the leading zeroes. For example,
for program number 10, you would type 10 not 0010.
If your machine needs something in front of the number, this is typically
done automatically by the post processor. For the Fanuc post that is
being used here, a letter O will be output in front of the program number
by the post processor, so it does not need to be entered in the Setup
Information.
Material The Turning system has a library of part materials with associated
speeds and feeds.
Z Preset These values are used by ProCAM for a return position. When you are
X Preset defining the operation to cut your part, one of the selections in the Set
Operation dialog box is Retract Type. You are given a choice of
returning to Absolute Preset or returning to an XZ End Position that is
user-defined. If you select Absolute Preset, ProCAM uses the values for
Z and X Preset in the Setup Information dialog box. These values are
absolute numbers from X0, Z0. If your machine requires an absolute
preset to be output in the program, these values are used. If you always
change tools at the same position, setting these values saves you time
later.
Maximum You can specify the maximum RPM that your machine allows when
RPM running Constant Surface Feed per Minute (CSFM). This prevents an
overspeed spindle alarm as the tool moves to centerline.
Mach% The Machine Percent option allows you to pick a percentage to vary the
speeds and feeds by. For example, if the part you are cutting has a thin
wall and cannot be held securely in the chuck, you could pick Light and
the speeds and feeds would not be as fast.

1-10 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

Changing the Setup Information

EXERCISE 1. If the Setup Information dialog box does not display automatically when you start
Turning, click CAM on the menu bar and choose the Setup Information
command on the CAM menu.
2. Type 100 for the Program Number and press TAB.
3. Press TAB to accept the Material (1212).
4. Type 6 for Z Preset and press TAB.
5. Type 6 for X Preset and click OK.
You can use the defaults for Maximum RPM and Machine Percentage.

Step 4: Define the Stock

ProCAM provides two methods for defining stock:
• Pick the Stock Boundary
For a forging or casting, you identify the stock shape by picking the stock
boundary. In order to use this method, you must first draw the irregular stock
shape and insert boundaries on the CAD entities.
• Specify the Bar Stock Size and Location
You can define bar stock quickly by specifying the Z Face, Stock Length and
Stock Diameter. If you use this method, you do not have to draw the stock and
insert a boundary. You use this method in this exercise.
Before you can define the first cycle for a part, you must identify the stock
(workpiece) shape and size. There are two ways to define stock:
• Use the Stock command on the Lathe toolbar and define the stock before you
select a cycle command to define the first cycle on a part.
• Select a cycle command. If the stock is not defined, the Define Stock Boundary
and Define Bar Stock modifiers display and you must define the stock before
continuing.

EXERCISE 1. Click the Stock button on the Lathe toolbar.

2. Click the Define Bar Stock modifier.

Since you are using bar stock in this exercise, you
can use this modifier, which is the quick method to
define bar stock. This method does not require that
you draw the stock and insert a boundary.
The Stock Size dialog box displays.

Getting Started 1-11

Steps to Generate an NC Program

3. Enter the following values, then click OK.

− Z Face = 0.000 (defines the right edge
of the stock along Z)
− Stock Length = 3.500 (defines the
length of the stock. The direction is
always to the left of the face.)
− Stock Diameter = 4.000 (defines
diameter of the bar stock)
The stock displays in the work area.

Step 5: Insert Part Boundaries

The next step is to identify the entities to be machined and the path the cutter will
take. This is done using the Boundary command. Any entities that are to be
machined, except drilled holes, must have a boundary put on them. The exercise
below shows how to put a single boundary on a part.

It is necessary to put a boundary on only half the part.

EXERCISE 1. Click the Boundary button on the Lathe toolbar.

− The prompt line reads: PICK end point for start of boundary.
− The Endpoint Snap button is highlighted automatically.
2. Zoom up to the 45 degree chamfer line at the face of the part.
This is where the boundary will start and it is easier to pick if you zoom up.

1-12 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

3. Pick the 45 degree chamfer line nearest

the face of the part for the start point. End part boundary

A cross displays to indicate the

endpoint.
The prompt line changes to: PICK entity
for CAM boundary.
This means to pick the first entity in Start part boundary
the boundary to give the boundary
direction.
4. Pick the 45 degree chamfer again.
An arrow showing the direction of the
boundary displays.
The prompt line continues to read:
PICK entity for CAM boundary.
5. Press Ctrl + A or click the Zoom All
button in the lower right corner.

ProCAM inserts a boundary only on entities that are displayed in the work area.

6. Pick the vertical line that goes up to the 4" diameter.

You do not have to pick each individual entity in order because ProCAM
automatically chains to the end of the line.
Another function of the boundary is to check the continuity of the path. If the
boundary stops at any point along the path, zoom up on this area and you will
probably find a break in the path. Oops out the boundary, fix the break, then
continue. These breaks may occur in drawings imported from other CAD
systems.
7. Click BUTTON 2.
− Button 2 (the middle mouse button on a three-button mouse) tells ProCAM
you are finished with a particular function and you want to go on to the next
entity or select a different command. This button also tells ProCAM to accept
the input or execute a command.
− The prompt line reads: PICK endpoint for end of boundary.
8. Click BUTTON 2 again to tell ProCAM you are finished.

Step 6: Define the Operations

ProCAM uses operations to define each cutting cycle. In this example, you have one
operation, a rough turning cycle. The operation contains all the information to cut the
part. You will do parts with multiple operations in subsequent exercises.

Getting Started 1-13

Steps to Generate an NC Program

EXERCISE 1. Click the Rough button on the Lathe toolbar.

The Rough command is used to insert a roughing tool path to remove all the
material specified by the part boundary and the stock boundary.
The Set Operation - Rough dialog box and modifier toolbar display. The Turning
system uses operations to define each cycle. Each operation contains the cut
information for that cycle. As you work with different cycles, the parameters in
the Set Operation dialog box change to reflect the operation you are defining. All
of the parameters are explained in the online Help.

2. Leave the Rough Turning modifier highlighted.

This modifier roughs out the part using horizontal cuts along the Z axis.
3. Click the Tool button in the Set Operation dialog box.
The Lathe Tools dialog box displays.

4. Click the first tool position in the list (01) to highlight it.
This is the tool you are defining.
5. Click the Edit button.
The Edit button is used to set up a new tool or to
change the definition of a previously-defined tool.
The Lathe Tool Type dialog box displays.
6. Highlight C - Diamond 80 and click OK.

1-14 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

The Set Tool dialog box displays.

In this exercise, you use the standard ANSI tool type definition to define a
CNMG-432 insert (an 80 degree diamond with a 1/2" Inscribed Circle Diameter
and a 1/32 tool nose radius). You can use the defaults for the tool parameters.
7. Click the Holder Type button. The holder choices display.
8. Click the L-style holder.
9. Click the Orientation button. The choices display for how the tool is positioned in
the machine.
Tools must be set in the correct orientation or ProCAM will not create the
operation.
10. Click the holder that points down and to the left.
The Holder Name text box displays the name of the holder you defined:
CL4DLT.

11. Click OK.

The Lathe Tools dialog box displays Tool 1 as a CNMG-432 tool.
12. Click OK to close the Lathe Tools dialog box.
The tool information displays on the system bar and the tool number displays in
the Set Operation dialog box.

Getting Started 1-15

Steps to Generate an NC Program

13. In the Set Operation dialog box, set the parameters as shown below.
Parameter Value Description
Operation Rough
Name Turning
Retract Type Absolute ProCAM will use the values for Z Preset and X Preset
Preset that you specified in the Setup Information dialog box.
Z Allowance 0.0100" The Z and X Allowance specify the amount of material to
leave on the Z and X axis.
X Allowance 0.0100"
Cycle 0.0500" This is the distance the tool retracts from the part after
Clearance each cutting pass.
Cut Amount .06" This is how much of a cut to take per pass. In turning, it
is the cut amount per side in the X axis. In facing, it is the
cut amount in the Z axis.
Insert Angle checked ProCAM will check for tool angle clearance.
Checking
Post Process checked This parameter determines whether this operation will be
part of the NC program.
14. Use the defaults for the other parameters, then click OK.
The Set Operation - Post Parameters dialog box displays. The parameters that
display in this dialog box depend on the post processor you are using.
15. Click OK to accept the defaults.

Step 7: Generate the Tool Paths

When you click OK to accept the defaults in the Set Operation - Post Parameters
dialog box, you are finished defining the operation and you are ready to generate the
tool paths. The prompt line reads: PICK
part boundary for rough cycle.
EXERCISE 1. Pick the boundary anywhere on the
part.
The boundary highlights.
Since boundaries are actually one
entity, you can pick the boundary
anywhere along the path.
ProCAM generates the rough turning
cycle tool paths.
Notice that the stock has been
updated to reflect the roughing
operation.
2. Choose Save As on the File menu.
3. Save the part as LATHE1.PRT.

1-16 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

Step 8: Post Process the Part

The Post command on the Lathe toolbar translates tool path and operation
information into NC code that can be interpreted by a controller. ProCAM creates
NC code for each tool path in the part, in the order the tool path appears in the part.
Post processing is the final step in generating the NC program. This step takes all the
information you have input and creates an NC program for your machine.

EXERCISE 1. Click the Post Process button on the Lathe toolbar.

The Save Post File dialog box displays.
2. If LATHE1.TXT is not in
the File Name text box,
type LATHE1.TXT.
Naming the Post file the
same as the Part file is the
most common way of
saving parts and NC
programs. Both files can
have the same name
because they have
different extensions. Part
files have a .prt extension.
Post files have a .txt extension.
3. Click OK.
− The Post dialog box and modifier toolbar display.

− Make sure the Highlight Cut button is highlighted. ProCAM will

highlight the current cut that is being processed.

− Make sure the View Code button is highlighted. During post processing,
ProCAM displays the NC code in the Post dialog box.

4. Click the Run button.

− ProCAM generates the NC program and displays the program in the Post
dialog box.
− You can stop post processing at any time by pressing any key. This puts
ProCAM in Step mode. In Step mode, you can press BUTTON 2 to continue
one step at a time. You can change modifiers, zoom in on an area of the part,
then resume post processing by clicking the Run button.

Getting Started 1-17

Steps to Generate an NC Program

− When you click the Run button, ProCAM creates two files: LATHE1.TXT
(the NC program for the machine) and LATHE1.SET (the Setup Sheet). The
files should look similar to the listing on the next page.
− The .TXT file is the NC program file that contains the CNC commands for
the machine control unit to activate the tool functions and cutting tool
movements for the part. This program contains the commands necessary to
make the machine do the required operations. The .TXT files are saved in the
\procad\txt folder. You can edit the file, if necessary, using a DNC editor, the
control unit edit mode, or any word processor.
− The .SET file is not used to control the machine tool. It is a text file that
contains information the operator can use to set up the machine tool. The
information includes: the machine, the controller, estimated machine time, the
part material, and the tool type and size. This file is located in the same folder
as the NC program file. The Setup Sheet is an ASCII text file that can be read
or printed using any word processor or text editor.

NC Program
LATHE1.TXT

O0100 N45 X1.8125

N1 G20 N46 X2.0625
N2 G50 S3000 N47 X1.5625
N3 T0101 M42 N48 G01 Z-1.2188
N4 G96 S400 M03 N49 X1.75 Z-1.2187
N5 G99 N50 G03 X1.8125 Z-1.25 I0 K-.0313
N6 G96 S400 N51 G01 Z-1.7187
N7 G00 X3.8125 Z.0813 M08 N52 X2.116
N8 G01 Z-2.7187 F.01 N53 G03 X2.1764 Z-1.7419 I0 K-.0313
N9 X4.1625 N54 G01 X2.3104 Z-1.9919
N10 G00 X4.2625 N55 G03 X2.3125 Z-2. I-.0302 K-.0081
N11 Z.0813 N56 G01 Z-2.625
N12 X3.5625 N57 G02 X2.5 Z-2.7187 I.0937 K0
N13 G01 Z-2.7187 N58 G01 X4.1625
N14 X3.8125 N59 G00 X4.2625
N15 G00 Z.0813 N60 Z.0813
N16 X3.3125 N61 X1.3125
N17 G01 Z-2.7187 N62 X1.5625
N18 X3.5625 N63 X1.0625
N19 G00 Z.0813 N64 X1.3125
N20 X3.0625 N65 X.8125
N21 G01 Z-2.7187 N66 G01 Z.0129
N22 X3.3125 Z-2.7188 N67 X1.0442 Z-.1029
N23 G00 Z.0813 N68 G03 X1.0625 Z-.125 I-.0221 K-.0221
N24 X2.8125 N69 G01 Z-.8437
N25 G01 Z-2.7187 N70 X1.25
N26 X3.0625 Z-2.7188 N71 G03 X1.3125 Z-.875 I0 K-.0313
N27 G00 Z.0813 N72 G01 Z-1.2188
N28 X2.5625 N73 X1.75 Z-1.2187

1-18 Getting Started

 Steps to Generate an NC Program

N29 G01 Z-2.7187 N74 G03 X1.8125 Z-1.25 I0 K-.0313

N30 X2.8125 Z-2.7188 N75 G01 Z-1.7187
N31 G00 Z.0813 N76 X2.116
N32 X2.3125 N77 G03 X2.1764 Z-1.7419 I0 K-.0313
N33 X2.5625 N78 G01 X2.3104 Z-1.9919
N34 X2.0625 N79 G03 X2.3125 Z-2. I-.0302 K-.0081
N35 G01 Z-1.7188 N80 G01 Z-2.625
N36 X2.116 Z-1.7187 N81 G02 X2.5 Z-2.7187 I.0937 K0
N37 G03 X2.1764 Z-1.7419 I0 K- N82 G01 X4.1625
.0313 N83 G00 X4.2625
N38 G01 X2.3104 Z-1.9919 N84 Z.0813
N39 G03 X2.3125 Z-2. I-.0302 K- N85 X.75
.0081 N86 G01 X.7942 Z.0221
N40 G01 Z-2.625 N87 X.8125 Z.0129
N41 G02 X2.5 Z-2.7187 I.0937 K0 N88 G00 X12. Z6. T0100 M09
N42 G01 X4.1625 N89 M30
N43 G00 X4.2625
N44 Z.0813
Setup Sheet
LATHE1.SET
( PART NAME=LATHE1 )
( PROGRAM NUMBER=0100 )
( MACHINE=TUTORIAL LATHE )
( CONTROLLER=FANUC TYPE )
( MATERIAL=1212 )
( ESTIMATED MACHINE TIME=0 HRS. 5 MIN. 44 SEC. )
( STATION TOOL TYPE X SIZE Y SIZE RADIUS ANGLE DESCRIPTION )
(------------- --------------- --------- --------- ----------- --------- ------------------------)
( 001 CNMG-432 00.031 )

Getting Started 1-19

More About Defining Stock

More About Defining Stock

In the previous exercise, you defined bar stock by specifying the size and location.
When you are using a forging or casting, you need to define stock using CAD
entities and boundaries.
EXERCISE 1. Open part file EXLATH1.PRT again.
This is the same part you used in the previous exercise. Do not save the part in
the work area.
2. Right click the Layer box on the system bar or press Ctrl + L.
3. In the Layers dialog box, turn on Layer 1 and make it current, then click OK.
The irregular stock has already been drawn. Notice that entities have been added
to extend the part beyond the stock.
IMPORTANT! The part boundary Lines added
cannot start and end inside the stock.
At a minimum, the extents must
touch the stock.
Depending on the angle of the first
cut and the tool nose radius, you may
have to extend the start of the part
boundary outside the stock by at least
the tool nose radius. This is required
in order for ProCAM to calculate
stock removal and dynamically
update the stock.
If the stock cannot be calculated
based on the part boundary, ProCAM
does not generate the tool path and
the following message displays: Part
boundary ends must be outside of
stock.

4. Start Turning (FANTUTL).

5. Click the Boundary button on the Lathe toolbar.

6. Insert a boundary on the stock.
The start point and direction do not matter.

1-20 Getting Started

 More About Defining Stock

7. Insert a boundary on the part End part boundary

starting at the endpoint of the
line that connects the face to
the stock and ending at the
endpoint of the line that
connects the end of the part and
the stock.

8. Click the Rough

Turning/Facing button on the Start part boundary
Lathe toolbar.
The prompt line reads: PICK
stock boundary.
9. Pick the stock boundary.

10. Leave the Rough Turning

modifier highlighted. Stock boundary
11. Click the Tool button in the Set
Operation – Rough dialog box.
12. Highlight Tool 1 in the Lathe
Tools dialog box and click Edit.
13. Select C- Diamond 80 in the Tool Type dialog box and click OK.
14. Use the defaults for the tool parameters.
These defaults are the standard ANSI tool type definition for a CNMG-432
insert.
15. Click the Holder Type button and select L.
16. Click the Orientation button and select the holder that points down and to the left.
The Holder Name text box identifies the Holder Name as CL4DLT.
17. Click OK twice to close the tool dialog boxes.
18. Set the following parameters in the Set Operation - Rough dialog box:
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Z Allowance = 0.010
− X Allowance = 0.010
− Cycle Clearance = .0500
− Cut Amount = .125
− Insert Angle Checking = checked
− Use defaults for the other parameters
19. Click OK.

Getting Started 1-21

More About Defining Stock

20. Click OK to accept the defaults

in the Set Operation - Post
Parameters dialog box.
21. Pick the boundary on the part.
ProCAM generates the rough
turning cycle tool paths and updates
the stock.

Points to Remember When Drawing Stock

• It is very important that you draw the stock accurately. ProCAM only generates
tool paths where there is stock to cut.
• The stock geometry must form a closed area.
• Like a part, only half of the stock needs to be drawn.
• The stock can be any shape that may represent bar stock, a casting or forging.

1-22 Getting Started

Chapter 2 Roughing

This chapter explains the steps to generate a roughing tool path to remove all the material
specified by the part boundary and the stock boundary.

Roughing 2-1
Rough Turning/Facing

Rough Turning/Facing
The Rough command on the Lathe toolbar is used to insert a roughing tool path to
remove all the material specified by the part boundary and the stock boundary. The
tools that can be used for roughing are T-Triangle, V-Diamond 35, D- Diamond
55, C-Diamond 80, Grooving and Special.
Inserting a Rough Turning Cycle
In this exercise, you use the Rough Turning modifier to insert a roughing cycle on
the OD of the part with cuts in the X direction. Then you edit the operation and
change the modifier to Rough Facing to see the difference in cutting.
EXERCISE 1. Open the part file EXLATH7.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.
This part already has a part boundary on it.

2. Start Turning.
3. Use the following values in the Setup Information dialog box:
− Z Preset = 5.00"
− X Preset = 5.00"

If the Feed and Speed Library is installed, the Setup Information dialog box
displays automatically when you start Turning. If it does not display, select
Setup Information on the CAM menu.

4. Click the Stock button on the Lathe toolbar.

5. Click the Define Bar Stock

modifier.
6. Set the following parameters in the
Stock Size dialog box, then click OK:
− Z Face = 0.00" (defines the right
edge of the stock along Z)
− Length = 2.000" (defines the length
of the stock. The direction is
always to the left of the face.)
− Diameter = 2.000" (defines
diameter of the bar stock)
The stock displays in the work area.

2-2 Roughing
 Rough Turning/Facing

7. Click the Rough button on the Lathe toolbar.

8. Make sure the Rough Turning modifier is selected.

9. Click the Tool button in the Set Operation - Rough dialog box.
10. Highlight Tool 1 in the Lathe Tools dialog box, then click Edit.
11. Select D- Diamond 55 in the Tool Type dialog box, then click OK.
12. You can use the defaults for the tool parameters.
In this exercise, you use the standard ANSI tool type definition to define a
DNMG-432 insert (a 55 degree diamond with a .5" I. C. Diameter and a .0313"
tool nose radius).
13. Click the Holder Type button and select J.
14. Click the Orientation button and select the holder positioned to the left and down.
The Holder Name text box identifies the Holder Name as DJ4DLB.
Tools must be set in the correct orientation or the operation will not be created.
15. Click OK twice to close the tool dialog boxes.
16. Click OK to accept the values for
the other parameters in the Set
Operation - Rough dialog box.
17. Click OK to accept the defaults in
the Set Operation - Post Parameters
dialog box.
18. Pick anywhere on the part
boundary.
The rough tool path is generated
and the stock is updated
automatically.
19. Click the Operation button on the
system bar (labeled Rough).
20. Click the Edit button.

Roughing 2-3
Rough Turning/Facing

21. Change the Rough Turning

modifier to Rough Face, then click
OK.
22. Click the Rerun button in the
Operation List dialog box and click
OK in the Rerun dialog box to rerun
the current operation.
A rough face tool path is generated.

Reviewing the Tool Path Sequence

You can review the order of the tool path sequence by stepping through the part one
cutting movement at a time or by running a simulation of the entire cycle.

• The Order command on the Utility toolbar steps allows you to manually
step through the cutting movements of a cycle one cut at a time. Each cut is
highlighted and its geometric values display in the InfoBar.
• The Cut Simulation option in the CAM Display dialog box provides a simulation
of all the cutter paths in the order they will be machined and post processed.
ProCAM runs through the complete cycle automatically. This option is used for
graphical display only and has no affect on the actual cutting.
EXERCISE In this exercise, you use the Order Utility to step through the cycle.
1. Continue using the part in the work area.

2. Click the Order button on the Utility toolbar.

3. Leave the Check modifier highlighted.

4. Click the Step modifier button.

When this modifier is selected, the cycle is highlighted one cut at a time. If this
modifier is not selected, the complete cycle is highlighted.

5. Click the Next modifier button several times. The tool steps through the
cutting cycle one cut at a time.

2-4 Roughing
 Rough Turning/Facing

6. Click the Previous modifier button several times. The tool path movement
is reversed.

7. Click the Begin First and Begin Last modifiers.

These modifiers highlight the first and last moves in a cycle.
8. Click a blank modifier button to exit the utility.
EXERCISE You can also run the tool path simulation automatically using the Cut Simulation
option in the CAM Display dialog box.
1. Continue using the part in the work area.
2. Select CAM Display on the Setup menu.
3. In the CAM Display dialog box, check the Cut Simulation option.
4. Set the Simulation Distance to .002.
Depending on the size of part you are working on, the simulation may be too fast
or too slow. To correct this, you can set the Simulation Distance. This value is the
distance between cutter displays. What ProCAM is actually doing when it is
running the cut simulation is showing you the cutter every time it moves a certain
distance. This in effect looks like the cutter is actually moving.
5. Click OK. The simulation runs automatically. You can adjust the Simulation
Distance, if necessary.

6. Click the Redraw button on the Utility toolbar.

The simulation is rerun. When the Cut Simulation is turned on, whenever you
click the Redraw button, the simulation runs.
7. To turn off the simulation, select CAM Display on the Setup menu, remove the
check mark from the Cut Simulation option and click OK.
Generating a Rough Face Cycle Using a Grooving Tool
The Face Cycle modifier allows you to take a face cut without having to define the
face with boundaries or CAD entities. In this exercise, you generate a rough face
cycle using a grooving tool.
EXERCISE 1. Open the part file EXLATH7.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.
Do not save the changes to the part in the work area.

2. Start Turning.
3. Use the following values in the Setup Information dialog box:
Z Preset = 5.00" X Preset = 5.00"

4. Click the Stock button on the Lathe toolbar.

Roughing 2-5
Rough Turning/Facing

5. Click the Define Bar Stock modifier.

6. Set the following parameters in the Stock Size dialog box, then click OK:
− Z Face = 0.50"
− Length = 2.500"
− Diameter = 2.000"

7. Click the Rough button on the Lathe toolbar.

8. Click the Cycle Type modifier until the Face Cycle modifier displays.
9. Click the Tool button in the Set Operation - Rough dialog box.
10. Highlight Tool 1 in the Lathe Tools dialog box, then click Edit.
11. Highlight N-Grooving in the Lathe Tool Type dialog box and click OK.
12. Use the following values in the Set Tool dialog box:
Parameter Value
Insert Style G-Groove
Insert Style Not needed
Insert Size 2 - .150
Tool Material Carbide
Insert hand Left
Length 0.54"
Tip Width 0.125"
Tip Length 0.1502"
Corner Radius 0.0075"
Holder Type S
Orientation

Holder Name NS2DLB

13. Click OK twice to close the tool dialog boxes.

2-6 Roughing
 Rough Turning/Facing

14. In the Set Operation -

Rough dialog box, set
the Z Face and Z
Allowance to 0.00.
15. Click OK to accept the
values for the other
parameters.
16. Click OK to accept the
defaults in the Set
Operation - Post
Parameters dialog box.
The cycle is generated.

Roughing 2-7
Rough Turning/Facing

2-8 Roughing
Chapter 3 Finish Turning

This chapter explains the steps to insert a Profile tool path. Typically, this function is used for
a finish cut or when multiple roughing passes are not needed.

Finish Turning 3-1

Inserting a Profile Tool Path

Inserting a Profile Tool Path

The Profile Tool Path command is used to insert a finish turn tool path on a
boundary. A Profile tool path is a complex entity (a complex entity has more than
one entity) composed of lines, arcs, points and spline tool paths.
Exercise 1
Generating Rough and Finish Turn Tool Paths
EXERCISE In this exercise, you generate a roughing cycle to rough turn the part, then you add a
profile tool path to finish turn with a different tool.
1. Open the part file EXLATH2.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.

2. Start Turning (FANTUTL).

3. Use the following values in the Setup Information dialog box:
Z Preset = 5.00 X Preset = 8.00

4. Click the Stock button on the Lathe toolbar.

5. Click the Define Bar Stock modifier.

6. Set the following parameters in the Stock Size dialog box, then click OK:
− Z Face = 0.00" (defines the right edge of the stock along Z)
− Length = 6.500" (defines
the length of the stock. The
direction is always to the
left of the face.)
− Diameter = 5.000" (defines
diameter of the bar stock)
The stock displays in the work
area.

3-2 Finish Turning

 Inserting a Profile Tool Path

7. Click the Boundary End Part Boundary

button.
8. Put a boundary on the part
starting on the 1.500 diameter
nearest the face of the part and Start Part Boundary
ending at the end of the
vertical line that goes up to the
5.000 diameter.
9. Right click the Layer box on
the system bar (or press Ctrl +
L), turn on layer 2 and make it
the current layer.
10. Change the color.

11. Click the Rough button on the Lathe toolbar.

12. Make sure the Rough Turning modifier is selected.

13. Click the Tool button in the Set Operation – Rough dialog box.
In this exercise you use an 80 degree diamond insert with a 1/32 tool nose radius
and a .5" I.C. (CNMG-432).
14. Highlight Tool l in the Lathe Tools dialog box, then click Edit.
15. Highlight C-Diamond 80 in the Lathe Type dialog box and click OK.
16. In the Set Tool dialog box:
− Use the defaults for the tool parameters.
− Click the Holder button and select L for the Holder Type.
− Click the Orientation button and select the holder facing down and to the left.
17. Click OK twice to close the tool dialog boxes.
18. Use the following information in the Set Operation - Rough dialog box for a
rough turning cycle:
− Cycle Type = System
− Z Allowance = 0.000
− X Allowance = 0.000
− Cycle Clearance = .050
− Cut Amount =.100
− Use defaults for the rest of the parameters
19. Click OK in the Set Operation - Post Parameters dialog box to accept the
defaults.
20. Pick the part boundary. ProCAM generates the roughing cycle.

Finish Turning 3-3

Inserting a Profile Tool Path

EXERCISE Define the Profile operation and generate the finish turn tool paths:
1. Right click the Layer box on the system bar (or press Ctrl + L), turn on layer 3
and make it the current layer, then click OK.
2. Change the color.

3. Click the Profile Tool Path button.

The Set Operation - Profile dialog box and modifier toolbar display. ProCAM
does not prompt you to pick the stock because you already identified the stock for
the roughing cycle.

4. Click the Leadin modifier to show Parallel Leadin.

5. Use the following values in the Parallel Leadin dialog box, then click OK:
− Leadin = .05
− Leadin Angle = 0
− Leadin Overlap = 0.00

6. Click the Leadout modifier button to show Parallel Leadout.

7. Use the following values in the Parallel Leadout dialog box, then click OK:
− Leadout = .10
− Leadout Angle = 0
− Leadout Overlap = 0.00
8. Click the Tool button in the Set Operation – Profile dialog box.
9. Highlight Tool 2 in the Lathe Tools dialog box and click the Edit button.
10. Highlight C-Diamond 80 in the Lathe Type dialog box and click OK.
11. Change the Nose Radius to .0156 (CNMG-431).
12. Use an L style holder facing down and to the left.
13. Click BUTTON 2 twice to close the tool dialog boxes.
14. Use the following information to define the Operation parameters, then click OK.
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Cycle Type = System
− Z Allowance = 0.000
− X Allowance = 0.00
− Cycle Clearance = .050
− Insert Angle Checking = Checked (On)
− Use the defaults for the other parameters

3-4 Finish Turning

 Inserting a Profile Tool Path

15. Click OK to accept the defaults in the Set Operation - Post Parameters dialog
box.
16. Pick the boundary to
insert the profile on.
ProCAM generates the
tool path.
17. Choose Save on the
File menu to save the
part.

18. Post process the

part.
Notice that the NC
program has two tools
in the program.
Generating a Cutoff Cycle
After completing a part in the lathe, it is frequently necessary to separate the part
from the excess material used for chucking or from a bar stock that is being fed into
the lathe. The Cutoff Cycle command on the Lathe toolbar allows you to cut off bar
stock without the need for a boundary or CAD entities. Options are provided to
generate a straight line cutoff or a two-step cycle with a small plunge to give
clearance for the parting tool, followed by a radius or chamfer cut and the parting
move.
EXERCISE 1. Continue using the part in the work area.
2. Right click the Layer box on the system bar (or press Ctrl + L), define layer 4 –
Cutoff, make it the current layer and click OK.
3. Change the color.

4. Click the Cutoff button on the Lathe toolbar.

5. Click the Corner Break button to display Fillet.

When you select Fillet, the cutoff cycle is performed in 2 steps: a small plunge is
made to give clearance for the parting tool. Then, the radius cut is made,
followed by the parting move at the end of the radius.

6. Leave the Single Plunge modifier selected.

When you select this modifier, the tool plunges to depth in one cut.

Finish Turning 3-5

Inserting a Profile Tool Path

7. Leave the Single Retract Plane modifier selected.

When you use this modifier with Single Plunge, the tool feeds to depth, then
retracts to the cycle clearance plane.
8. Click the Tool button in the Set Operation - Cutoff dialog box.
9. Highlight Tool 3 in the Lathe Tools dialog box and click the Edit button.
10. Select N-Grooving in the Tool Type dialog box and click OK.
11. Set up the tool using these values:
− Insert Style = G - Groove
− Insert Style = C-Deep grooving
− Insert Size = 4 – 1.00
− Tip Width = .50
− Holder Type = GD facing down and to the left
12. Click BUTTON 2 twice to close the tool dialog boxes.
13. Use the following information to define the Operation parameters, then click OK.
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Depth Clearance = .10 (the amount that the tool over cuts the center of the
material)
− Z Cutoff = -6.00 (the absolute Z depth that the cutoff must be performed at)
− Radius = 0.10 (the value ProCAM uses to break the corner when the Corner
Break modifier is set to Fillet).
− Use the defaults for the other parameters
14. Click OK to accept the defaults in the Set Operation - Post Parameters dialog
box. ProCAM generates the Cutoff cycle.
Editing an Operation and Updating Tool Paths
Whenever any information for an operation needs to be changed, you can edit the
operation and rerun the operation to update the tool paths. For example, when you
defined the first roughing operation for EXLATH2, there was no material left for the
finish profile cut. You can change any of the operations for a part after they have
been defined.
EXERCISE In the following exercise, you edit the roughing operation and change the Z
Allowance and X Allowance to leave material for the finish profile cut, then rerun
the operations.
1. Continue using the part in the work area.
2. Right click the Layer box on the system bar (or press Ctrl + L).
3. Turn on the layer 3 and make it current.

3-6 Finish Turning

 Inserting a Profile Tool Path

4. Click the Operation button on the system bar.

The Operation List dialog box displays the operations that have been defined for
this part.
5. Highlight the Rough operation and click the Edit button.
6. The Set Operation - Rough dialog box and modifier toolbar display.
7. Double-click the Z Allowance text box and type .005.
8. Double-click the X Allowance text box and type .010.
9. Click OK.
10. Click the Rerun button in the Operation List dialog box.
The Rerun dialog box displays.
11. Click the All Operations button, then click OK.
12. The operations are rerun.
13. Choose Save on the File menu to save the part.
14. Post process the part.
This gives you a program with material left on the part for the finish tool.
Exercise 2
In this exercise, you
rough turn the OD, then
finish turn with a
different tool. The finish
turn is done in two cuts
because the roughing tool
will not be able to get all
the material out behind
the .625 diameter.

EXERCISE 1. Open the part file EXLATH3.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.

This part already has the stock drawn.

2. Start Turning (FANTUTL).

3. Set the following in the Setup Information dialog box:
− Z Preset = 5.000 X Preset = 5.000

Finish Turning 3-7

Inserting a Profile Tool Path

4. Click the Boundary button and put

boundaries on the part and the stock.
− Start the part boundary on the 30
degree line at the face. End it at the
end of the 45 degree chamfer near
the 2 inch diameter.
− Start and end the stock boundary at
the top right.
When you are finished, the part should
look like the figure on the right.
5. Click the Tool button on the system bar.
6. Set up Tool 1.
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
(CNMG-432)
− Nose Radius = .0313"
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = pointing down and to the left
7. Set up Tool 2.
− Tool Type = V-Diamond 35 (VNMG-431)
− Nose Radius = .0156"
− Holder Type = J
− Holder Orientation = pointing down and to the left

8. Click the Rough Turning/Facing Cycle button on the Lathe toolbar.

9. Pick the stock boundary.
Remember, before you can do any cycle, ProCAM must know where the stock is.

10. Use the Rough Turning modifier.

11. Use the following Operation information for Rough Turning:
− Tool = 1
− Z Allowance = 0.0100
− X Allowance = 0.0100
− Cycle Clearance = 0.0500
− Cut Amount = 0.1500
− Use the defaults for the rest of the parameters.

12. At the prompt PICK part boundary, pick the boundary on the OD of the part.

3-8 Finish Turning

 Inserting a Profile Tool Path

ProCAM runs the cycle.

Notice that the 80 degree
diamond could not cut all
the material on the .500
diameter. This can be
seen more clearly at the
bottom of the part where
the stock is shown.
ProCAM will not allow
the backside of the insert
to cut an area it cannot fit
into.
The part in this figure has
a .020 allowance in the X
and Z in order to show
more clearly the rough
path away from the actual part path.

EXERCISE Define the profile operation and generate the tool paths for a semi-finish cycle.

1. Click the Profile Tool Path button.

2. Click the Leadin modifier button until it shows Parallel Leadin. Use a .050
Leadin amount, 0 degree Angle and 0 for the Leadin Overlap, then click OK.

3. Do the same for the Leadout.

4. Use the following operation information for the profile, then click OK:
− Tool = 2
− Retract Type = None (this is so the tool does not retract back to the 5.000" in
Z and X that was specified for the Z and X Presets in the Setup Information
dialog box).
− Z and X Allowance = 0.005 (to leave material for a finish cut)
− Cycle Clearance = 0.0500
− Use defaults for the rest of the parameters
5. Click OK to accept the defaults in the Set Operation-Post Parameters dialog box.
6. At the prompt PICK part boundary, pick the part boundary.
Make sure you pick the correct boundary. If you pick the stock boundary by
mistake, click Oops, then pick the part boundary.

Finish Turning 3-9

Inserting a Profile Tool Path

After ProCAM has generated the

profile, you can see there is now
an even amount of material to
take a final pass on.
Notice the prompt line is asking
you to pick the boundary for the
profile again. If you had another
profile on the part, you could cut
it with the same operation
information.

EXERCISE In order to do another profile with different cut information for the finish cycle, a
new operation has to be defined. This can be easily accomplished by copying the
first profile operation and modifying several parameters.
1. Click the Operation button on the system bar (the button is labeled Profile).
2. Make sure the Profile operation is highlighted in the Operation List dialog box,
then click the Copy button.
The prompt line reads: SELECT operation that copy will be after.
3. Pick the Profile operation. A second Profile operation is listed in the dialog box.
4. Make sure the second Profile operation is highlighted, then click Edit.
5. Change the following parameters, then click OK:
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Z and X Allowance = 0
6. Click OK to close the Operation List dialog box.
7. At the prompt, pick the same boundary as before. ProCAM generates the second
profile.
8. Choose Save on the File menu to save the part, then post process the part.
Exercise 3
EXERCISE In this exercise, you put the boundaries on the part and the stock, then generate the
tool paths.
1. Open the part file EXLATH4.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.
This part already has the stock drawn.

3-10 Finish Turning

 Inserting a Profile Tool Path

2. Start Turning (FANTUTL).

3. Set the following in the Setup Information dialog box:
Z Preset = 5.000 X Preset = 5.000

4. Put boundaries on the part

and the stock.
The part should look like the
figure.
5. Click the Tool button on the
system bar and set up two tools
(note that the roughing and
finishing tools are the same shape).
Tool 1 (CNMG-432)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Nose radius = .0313"
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = pointing down and to the left
Tool 4 (CNMG-432)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Nose radius = .0313"
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = pointing down and to the left

6. Rough turn the OD.

7. Use the following Operation information for Rough Turning:
− Tool = Tool 1
− Z Allowance = 0.0100
− X Allowance = 0.0100
− Cycle Clearance = 0.0500
− Cut Amount = 0.1500

8. Finish turn with Profile Tool Path.

− Use Tool 4
− Set the Z Allowance and X Allowance to 0.0000
− Use an Arc Leadin and a Parallel leadout

Finish Turning 3-11

Inserting a Profile Tool Path

3-12 Finish Turning

Chapter 4 Grooving, Threading, Drilling

This chapter explains the steps to generate grooving, threading and drill tool paths.

Grooving, Threading, Drilling 4-1

Cutting a Groove

Cutting a Groove
The Groove command on the Lathe toolbar allows you to cut a groove of almost any shape.
Once the rough material has been removed, ProCAM automatically runs a finish grooving
path to remove all material specified by the X and Z Allowance amounts in the Set
Operation dialog box.
Note that all the groove roughing moves are less any clearance amount (X and Z
Allowance).
EXERCISE In the following exercise, you draw the part, cut the part with three tools and post process it.

Points to Remember When Drawing a Turning Part

• You need to draw only half the part. You can use the Mirror utility and mirror the part for
viewing purposes if desired (many of the figures in this manual show the parts mirrored).
• You may find it easier to display the axis lines when drawing turning parts to see the axis
labels and to have an entity to mirror around.
• In Diameter mode, vertical values (X) are automatically converted to radial values. Since
a 1" diameter is actually .5" up from the centerline, using Diameter mode enables you to
use print dimensions without manual conversion. To set the mode, select Axis on the
Setup menu.

4-2 Grooving, Threading, Drilling

 Cutting a Groove

1. When you draw the part, draw the 1.250

diameter line right across the groove. This
prevents the roughing and finish turning tools
from cutting what they can in the groove.

2. Start Turning (FANTUTL).

3. Click the Stock button on the Lathe

toolbar.

4. Click the Define Bar Stock modifier.

You can use this modifier to quickly define
bar stock size and location instead of drawing
the stock and inserting a boundary.
5. Enter the following values in the Stock Size
dialog box, then click OK:
− Z Face = 0.000
− Stock Length = 4.00
− Stock Diameter = 4.00
End part boundary
6. Put boundaries on the part and the
groove.
Start groove boundary
− Put a boundary on the part starting
at the 45 degree chamfer at the
face and ending at the 4" diameter.
− Put a boundary on the groove End groove boundary
starting at the top right line and
going clockwise. Start part boundary
− The part should look like the
figure.
7. In the CAM Display dialog box, make
sure the Holder Display On check box
is checked.
8. Click the Tool button on the system
bar and set up the following tools:
Tool 1 (turning)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Nose radius = .032
− Holder Type = L facing down to the left

Grooving, Threading, Drilling 4-3

Cutting a Groove

Tool 3 (turning)
− Tool Type = D-Diamond 55
− Nose radius = .015
− Holder Type = J facing down to the left
Tool 7 (grooving)
− Tool Type = N - Grooving
− Insert Style = G - Grooving
− Insert Style = Not Needed
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Insert Hand = L- Left
− Width = .125
− Holder Type = S facing down and to the left
Define the following operations:

9. Rough turn the OD.

− Tool = 1
− Z and X Allowance = .005 (clearance for finish)

10. Finish the OD with a Profile Tool Path.

− Tool = 3

− Specify .050 for Parallel Leadin and Leadout

11. Cut the groove.

− Tool = 7

− Click the Cycle Type modifier button until Center 1st Follow Boundary (213)
displays.

− Click the Plunge Type modifier button until Single Plunge displays.

− Click the Retract Plane modifier button until Single Retract displays.
− Use the following values in the Set Operation - Groove dialog box:
Z and X Allowance = .005
Cycle Clearance = .050
12. At the prompt PICK boundary for cycle, pick the boundary on the groove.
13. Choose Save on the File menu.
14. Type EXGROOVE.PRT and click OK.
15. Post process the part.

4-4 Grooving, Threading, Drilling

 Threading Cycle

Threading Cycle
The Thread command on the Lathe toolbar is used to insert a threading tool path to the
depth of the ending diameter within an area defined by the X and Z start position (plus the
leadin amount) to the X and Z end position. A part boundary is not needed to run this cycle.
EXERCISE In this exercise, you cut a 1.250 - 12 thread.
1. Open the part file EXLATH5.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.

2. Start Turning (FANTUTL).

3. Click the Stock button on the Lathe toolbar.

4. Click the Define Bar Stock modifier.

You can use this modifier to quickly define bar stock size and location instead of drawing
the stock and inserting a boundary.
5. Enter the following values in the Stock Size dialog box, then click OK:
− Z Face = 0.000
− Stock Length = 3.50
− Stock Diameter = 4.00
The stock displays in the work area.

6. Click the Thread button on the Lathe toolbar.

Grooving, Threading, Drilling 4-5

Threading Cycle

7. Set up Tool 1 for a threading

tool.
Tool Type = N - Thread
Insert Style = D - Threading
Insert Style = Not Needed
Insert Size = 2
Insert Hand = L - Left
Length = default
Nose Radius = .004
Tip to Edge = default
Holder Type = S
Holder Orientation = facing
down and to the left

8. Click the Cycle Type

modifier to display Constant Cut.

9. Click the Infeed Type

modifier to display Angle Infeed.
10. Define the Set Operation -
Thread parameters using the
following information:
− Thread Length = 1.000
− Chamfer Length = 0
− Thread Angle = 180
− # Spring Passes = 2
− Ending Diameter = 1.132
− Minimum Cut = .003
− First Cut = .0131 (from t the total infeed depth chart)
− Pitch = .0833
− Leadin Amount = .250
11. Click OK.
12. Click OK to accept the defaults in the Set Operation - Post Parameters dialog box.
The prompt line asks for a start location.

13. Click the Keyboard Snap button.

14. Type 0 for Z and 1.250 for X, then press ENTER.

4-6 Grooving, Threading, Drilling

 Threading Cycle

Since you have a leadin amount

specified, you tell ProCAM to start
at the beginning of the thread, in this
case Z0 and X1.250. The threading
cycle is generated. If you zoom up
on the thread, you will see that each
thread is there with the .004 radius
at the bottom.

Grooving, Threading, Drilling 4-7

Generating a Drill Cycle

Generating a Drill Cycle

The Drill command on the Lathe toolbar is used to insert a drilling cycle at the centerline of
the part. The tool path that ProCAM generates for removing the material depends on the
modifiers you select.
EXERCISE In this exercise, you insert a drilling cycle and generate tool paths that drill horizontally from
a clearance amount off the face of the part to an absolute Z end coordinate.
1. Open the part file EXLATH6.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.
This part already has the part boundary inserted.

2. Start Turning.

3. Click the Stock button on the Lathe toolbar.

4. Click the Define Bar Stock

modifier.
5. Enter the following values in the Stock
Size dialog box, then click OK:
− Z Face = 0.000
− Stock Length = 6.00
− Stock Diameter = 5.00

6. Click the Drill button on the Lathe

toolbar.
7. Select these modifiers:

− Drill Cycle

− Tool Tip modifier = Actual Tool Tip

− Drilling Cycle Type modifier = Constant Peck

− Retract Plane modifier = Single Retract

4-8 Grooving, Threading, Drilling

 Generating a Drill Cycle

8. Set up Tool 1 for the drill tool:

− Tool Type = Drill
− Length = 3
− Diameter = .75
− Tool Tip Angle = 118 (ProCAM calculates and displays the tool tip length. Do not
change this length.)

Specifying a length that is longer than the depth of the drilled hole is VERY
IMPORTANT. ProCAM does not allow you to drill a hole deeper than the length of the
drill.
9. In the Set Operation - Drill dialog box, use the following values:
− Z Depth = -2.5
− First Peck = .25
− Sub Peck = .150
ProCAM displays the drill
and updates the stock. The
peck amounts get smaller
until they reach the
minimum peck size.

Grooving, Threading, Drilling 4-9

Generating a Drill Cycle

4-10 Grooving, Threading, Drilling

Chapter 5 Skill-Builder Exercises

The exercises in this chapter provide an opportunity to practice using the features and
functions you have learned in the previous chapters. Instead of step-by-step instructions, the
information for these exercises is brief and intended as a guide.

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-1

Skill-Builder Exercise 1

Skill-Builder Exercise 1

• Draw a stock size of 9.000" diameter, 7.000" long.

• Choose Axis on the Setup menu and make sure the Axis Mode is set to Diameter.
In Diameter Mode, the vertical values (X) are automatically converted to radial values.
This enables you to use the print dimensions without having to manually divide the
vertical axis values in half.
• Draw the part.
• Draw the OD and ID lines across the grooves.
• Mirror the part.
Your part should look like the figure on the next page.

5-2 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill-Builder Exercise 1

• Extend the top of the vertical line at the face

Vertical Line
.10". Extended .10"
Because of the angle of the first cut and the
tool nose radius, the start of the part
boundary for facing off the part needs to be
extended outside the stock by at least the
tool nose radius. This is required in order
for ProCAM to calculate stock removal and
dynamically update the stock.
Start Turning (FANTUTL).
• Specify the following Setup Information:
− Program number = 1213
− Material = 1212 Steel
− Z Preset = 6.000
− X Preset = 10.000

Set up tools.
• Tool 1 (CNMG-432 for Face and Rough Turn)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down to the left
• Tool 2 (Drill)
− Tool Type = Drill
− Length = 7.000"
− Diameter = 2.000"
− Tip Angle = 180 degrees (a 180 degree tip angle is typically how you would define a
carbide insert drill)
• Tool 3 (CNMG-432 for Finish OD)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80)
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down to the left
• Tool 4 (CNMG-432 for Rough ID)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Style = L
− Holder/Boring Bar Orientation = Boring Bar facing up (CL4U1000)
− Minimum Bore = 2.000

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-3

Skill-Builder Exercise 1

• Tool 5 (for OD Groove)

− Tool Type = N-Grooving
− Insert Style = R - Full Radius
− Insert Size = 4
− Radius = .109"
− Holder Type = S
− Holder Orientation = facing down to the left (NS4DLT)
• Tool 6 (CNMG-432 for Finish ID)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = L style
− Holder/Boring Bar Orientation = Boring Bar facing up
− Minimum bore = 2.000"
• Tool 7 (for ID Groove)
− Tool Type = N-Grooving
− Insert Size = 2
− Width = .0938"
− Holder Type = E (-3 degree end style)
− Holder Orientation = Boring Bar
Put the stock and part boundaries on the part.
• Put a boundary on the stock starting at the top right. Go counterclockwise. Be careful not
to pick the .10" vertical line extension that will be used for facing the part.
• Put a boundary on the vertical line at the face of the part. Start at the top (including the
.10" extension) and go to the centerline.
• Put a boundary on the OD, the OD groove, and the ID groove.
• Put a boundary on the ID. Finish the boundary at the vertical line that ends at the 2.000"
diameter.

5-4 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill-Builder Exercise 1

• The part should look like the figures below.

Define the operations and generate the tool paths:

• Face
− Operation Type = Profile
− Tool = 1
− Retract Type = None (so the tool will be in position for the next operation)
− X and Z Allowance = 0
• Rough OD
− Operation Type = Rough Turning/Facing
− Tool = 1
− Retract Type Absolute Preset
− Z Allowance = .005" (for finish)
− X Allowance = .010" (for finish)
− Cut Amount = .200"
• Drill
− Operation Type = Drill
− Tool = 2
− Drill Type modifier = Percentage Peck
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Z Depth = -6.200"
− First Peck = 1.000"
− Peck Percent = .75"
− Minimum Peck = .375"

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-5

Skill-Builder Exercise 1

• Rough ID
− Operation Type = Rough Turning/Facing
− Tool = 4
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Z Allowance = .005" (for finish)
− X Allowance = .010" (for finish
− Cut Amount = .150"
• Finish OD
− Operation Type = Profile
− Tool = 3
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Use a Parallel Leadin and Parallel Leadout of .050"
• Finish ID
− Operation Type = Profile
− Tool = 6
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Use a Parallel Leadin and Parallel Leadout of .050"
• Groove OD
− Operation Type = Groove
− Tool = 5
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Z Allowance = .005" (for automatic finish cut)
− X Allowance = .005" (for automatic finish cut)
• Groove ID
− Operation Type = Groove
− Tool = 7
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Z Allowance = .005" (for automatic finish cut)
− X Allowance = .005" (for automatic finish cut)

When all the operations are finished, save the part and post process it.
You can run the Cut Simulation to view the cutter paths.

5-6 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill Builder Exercise 2

Skill Builder Exercise 2

The following examples show a complete part to make them easier to understand. You need
to draw only half the part and then Mirror it to get the other side.
• Choose Axis on the Setup menu Draw line
across groove
and make sure the Axis Mode is
set to Diameter.
In Diameter Mode, the vertical
values (X) are automatically
converted to radial values. This
enables you to use the print
dimensions without having to
manually divide the vertical axis
values in half.
• Draw the part.
• You do not need to draw the .25"
diameter hole or the 3/4-16 thread.
• Draw the .75" diameter line all the way across the groove to the vertical line.
• Draw the groove separately.
• Draw a stock size of 1.25" diameter by 2.500" long. Start drawing the stock at Z0 and
X1.250, not at the centerline.
• When you have finished drawing the part and stock, start Turning (FANTUTL).

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-7

Skill Builder Exercise 2

• Set up the following tools:

Tool 1 (CNMG-432)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder = L facing down and to the left
Tool 2 (Drill)
− Tool Type = Drill
− Length = 3.000"
− Diameter = .25"
Tool 3 (NG-2125L)
− Tool Type = N-Grooving
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Tip Width = .125"
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = S facing down and to the left
Tool 4 (ND-2004L )
− Tool Type = N-Thread
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Nose Radius = .004"
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = S facing down and to the left
• Insert boundaries.
− Click the Boundary button.
− Click the Lookahead modifier button.
− Start the boundary at the end of the 45 degree line near the face. End it at the end of
the .062" radius.
When ProCAM finds the multiple
paths, zoom up on the groove. The
vertical line at the end of the
Multiple paths found
groove is dark red. This is at this point
showing you that the boundary
could either go up from the .750"
diameter line or down, and you
need to pick the correct direction.
Pick the line that goes up, then do a Zoom All. Notice that ProCAM stopped the boundary
at the last entity that was in the work area when you zoomed up on the groove. The
Boundary command works only on entities that are displayed in the work area. Pick the
.062" radius on the 1.250" diameter to end the boundary.

5-8 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill Builder Exercise 2

• Put a boundary on the stock.

• Put a boundary on the groove. Zoom up on it to make it easier to pick.
• The part should look like the figure below.

• Set the Setup Information.

Z Preset = 6.000" X Preset = 6.000"
• Define the operations:
Rough Turning/Facing
− Operation Type = Rough Turning/Facing
− Tool = 1
− Retract Type = None
− Z Allowance = .005
− X Allowance = .010
− Cycle Clearance = .05
− Cut Amount = .125
Finish turn the OD
− Change the color for this tool path
− Operation Type = Profile
− Tool = 1
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Use a Parallel Leadin of .050 and a Perpendicular Leadout of .050
Drill the hole through
− Operation Type = Drill
− Tool = 2

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-9

Skill Builder Exercise 2

Cut the groove

− Operation Type = Groove
− Modifiers = Single Cut & Center 1st Follow Boundary
− Retract Type = Absolute Preset
− Z and X Allowance = .005
− Cycle Clearance = .05
− Cut Amount = default
Threading cycle
− Operation Type = Thread
− Modifiers = Constant Cut, Angle Infeed
− Cycle Clearance = .100
− Thread Length = .780
− Chamfer Length = 0
− Thread Angle = 180
− # Spring Passes = 2
− Ending Diameter = .642
− Minimum Cut = .003
− First Cut = .0126
− Pitch = .0625
− Leadin Amount = .180
− Click Keyboard Snap button and start the thread at Z0, X.750
• After the operations are finished, save the part and post process it.

5-10 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill Builder Exercise 3

Skill Builder Exercise 3

Print Part with Stock

• Choose Axis on the Setup menu and make sure the Axis Mode is set to Diameter.
In Diameter Mode, the vertical values (X) are automatically converted to radial values.
This enables you to use the print dimensions without having to manually divide the
vertical axis values in half.
• Draw the part and the stock.
− The stock size is 12.000 diameter by 6.000 long.
− Draw the stock starting at Z.375, X12.000.
− With a stock size of 12.000 diameter and .375 in front of the face, the last vertical line
on the part has to be extended out to the stock diameter, and a line at the centerline has
to be added (shown in the figure on the right). Remember that the part must at least
touch the stock.
− To add a line at the centerline, draw a horizontal line that starts at Z0, X0 and ends at
Z.375, X0.
• Start Turning (FANTUTL).
• Set the Setup Information:
Z Preset = 6.000 X Preset = 15.000
• Put a boundary on the stock.

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-11

Skill Builder Exercise 3

• Put a boundary on the part.

Start the boundary at the end of the line that was added at Z.375, X0 and end it at the
vertical line that was extended out to the stock.
• Set up two tools:
Tool 1 (CNMG-432)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
Tool 2 (CNMG-432)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
• To make the tool paths easier to see, change the color for each cut.
• Define the following operations:
Rough Turn
− Operation Type = Rough Turning/Facing
− Modifier = Rough Facing
− Use the Rough Facing Modifier to rough out this
part. This way the extra material at the front of the
part can be easily removed.
− Tool = 1
− Z Allowance = .005
− X Allowance = .010
− Cut Amount = .250
Finish Turn
− Operation Type = Profile
− Tool = 2
− Z Allowance = 0
− X Allowance = 0
− Use Parallel Leadout with a length of .050
• Save the part and post process it.

5-12 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill-Builder Exercise 4

Skill-Builder Exercise 4

• Choose Axis on the Setup menu and make sure the Axis Mode is set to Diameter.
In Diameter Mode, the vertical values (X) are automatically converted to radial values.
This enables you to use the print dimensions without having to manually divide the
vertical axis values in half.
• Draw the part.
Since there is no OD work to be done on this part, just draw the ID. Then draw the stock
the actual size of the OD shown on the print. Add a vertical line to face off the part.
Remember to draw the line across the groove.
• Insert the boundaries.
− Put a boundary on the OD starting in the upper left corner. If ProCAM finds multiple
paths, pick the correct direction.
− Put a boundary on the ID that starts at the end of the 45 degree chamfer and ends at
the back of the part on the 3.000 diameter.
− Put a boundary on the groove.

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-13

Skill-Builder Exercise 4

• Set up the following tools:

Tool 1 (CNMG-432)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
Tool 2 (Drill)
− Tool Type = Drill
− Diameter = 2.000
− Length = 6.000
Tool 3 (NG-2125L)
− Tool Type = N-Grooving
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Tip Width = .125"
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = E
− Holder Orientation = boring bar facing up
Tool 4 (ND-2004L)
− Tool Type = N-Thread
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Nose Radius = .004"
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = E
− Holder Orientation = boring bar facing up
• Define the following operations:
Face the part off in 1 cut
− Z Allowance = 0
− X Allowance = 0
Drill through
Rough bore
− Z Allowance = .005
− X Allowance = .010
Finish bore with same tool
Groove
Thread 1.25" - 18 threads per inch
− Ending Diameter = 5.25
• Save the part and post process.

5-14 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill-Builder Exercise 5

Skill-Builder Exercise 5

• Choose Axis on the Setup menu and make sure the Axis Mode is set to Diameter.
In Diameter Mode, the vertical values (X) are automatically converted to radial values.
This enables you to use the print dimensions without having to manually divide the
vertical axis values in half.
• Draw the part. Remember, you do not have to draw the thread.
− Draw the stock size of X.750 by 2.000 long.
− In order to cut off the part, you have to draw a
groove at the end of the part. The groove width is
.125. This is the same size as the groove tool that
will be used and it is drawn to the centerline of
the part.
• Insert the boundaries.
Put boundaries on the stock, the profile that will be
cut, and the groove.
• Set up the following tools:
Tool 1 (CNMG-431)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− I.C. Diameter = .5"
− Nose Radius = .0156"
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-15

Skill-Builder Exercise 5

Tool 2 (Drill)
− Tool Type = Drill
− Diameter = .250
− Length = 3.000
Tool 3 (ND-2004L)
− Tool Type = N-Thread
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Nose Radius = .004"
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = S
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
Tool 4 (NGC-1125)
− Tool Type = N-Grooving
− Width = .125"
− Holder Type = GD
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
• Define the following operations.
Profile
− 2 passes, .005 allowance 1st pass
Drill through
Thread 3/4 - 10
− Ending Diameter = .6271
Cutoff
− Operation Type = Cutoff
− Z Cutoff = -1.5"
− Z and X Allowance = 0
• When the stock is updated after the cutoff cycle, you will see there is no stock to the right
of the cycle.
• Save the part and post process it.

5-16 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill-Builder Exercise 6

Skill-Builder Exercise 6

• Open the part file EXLATH12.PRT in the \procad\parts\learn folder.

The part in this exercise is already drawn. No cutting was taken into account when the
part was drawn, so it needs some modifications as explained in the exercise.

If you get drawings from another CAD system instead of drawing them yourself, they
may need to be modified before you can insert boundaries and cycles. Typically, the
modifications include extending lines for grooves, moving entities, and erasing extra
entities that are not relevant to the part to be cut.

In this exercise you modify the part, then define the following operations: Face, Rough
the OD, Drill, Rough Bore the ID, Finish Bore the ID, Finish Turn the OD, Groove OD,
Groove ID, and Thread OD.
• Since this part was drawn with Z zero at the back side near the chuck, it needs to be
moved.
− Click the Move button on the Utility toolbar.
− Pick all the entities to move.
− Move from Z0, X0 to Z-6.300,X0. This puts the finished face at Z zero.

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-17

Skill-Builder Exercise 6

• Add a line for facing the part. Draw the line from Z0,X0 to Z0,X7.100.
• Draw a stock blank 7.000 diameter by 7.000 long.
• To make the grooving easier, Trim to here
trim the 4.500 diameter line from Trim from here
the .080 chamfer to the line
shown as 5.000 on the print. Break here

Trimming can lengthen lines as

well as shorten them.
• Break the vertical line shown at 5.000 on the print. Break it at the intersection of the
4.500 diameter line. You have to do this to put the boundary on the OD. Otherwise, the
boundary would stop at this line. Remember, the boundary follows the part path from one
end point to another.
• For the ID line, you might find it
easier to erase the 3.413
diameter line at the front of the
part and then trim the back line
out to the chamfer at the front. Trim to here
Trim this line Erase this line

Trim from here

• Trim the vertical line at the end of

the ID to approximately 1.75
diameter. This needs to be done
so the finish profile on the ID will
face the bottom to here.
To trim the line to an approximate
place: Trim this line to
about 1.75 Dia.
Click the Trim Utility button.
Pick the line, then click BUTTON
2.
Click the Digitize Snap button.
Position the cursor at approximately X1.750, then click BUTTON 1. You can look at the
cursor coordinates at the bottom of the work area to see the position.
Click BUTTON 2 twice to tell ProCAM you are done.

5-18 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill-Builder Exercise 6

When you are finished trimming, the part should look like the figure below.
• Start Turning (FANTUTL) and set the Setup Information.
• Insert boundaries. Start Face Boundary
Put boundaries on the
Start Stock
stock and the facing line. Boundary
For the boundary on the
OD, start the boundary Start OD Boundary
at the endpoint of the
vertical line that is at the Start ID Boundary
face of the part nearest
to the ID. This way
when you do the finish
profile, the face will get
finished.
Start the boundary for
the ID at the end of the
.080 chamfer nearest the
face.
Put boundaries on the grooves and the stock.
• Set up the following tools:
Tool 1 (CNMG-432 for Facing and Rough Turning OD)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
Tool 2 (Drill)
− Tool Type = Drill
− Diameter = 2.000
− 118 degree drill point
Tool 3 (CNMG-432 Boring Bar for Rough Bore ID)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = Boring Bar
− Holder Orientation = facing up
− Minimum bore size = 2.000
Tool 4 (CNMG-432 Boring Bar for Finish Bore ID)
− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = Boring Bar
− Holder Orientation = facing up
− Minimum bore = 2.000

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-19

Skill-Builder Exercise 6

Tool 5 (CNMG-432for Finish Turn OD)

− Tool Type = C-Diamond 80
− Holder Type = L
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
Tool 6 (NG-2125L for OD Groove)
− Tool Type = N-Grooving
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Tip Width = .125
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = S
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
Tool 7 (NG-2125L for ID Groove)
− Tool Type = N-Grooving
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Tip Width = .125
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = E
− Holder Orientation = boring bar facing up
− Minimum Bore = 2.000
Tool 8 (ND-2004L for OD Thread)
− Tool Type = N-Thread
− Insert Size = 2 - .150
− Nose Radius = .004"
− Insert Hand = Left
− Holder Type = S
− Holder Orientation = facing down and to the left
• Define the following operations:
Face
− Tool = 1
− Z and X Allowance = .005
Rough the OD
− Tool = 1
− Z and X Allowance = .005
Drill
− Modifiers = Calculated Tool Tip and Percent Peck
− Tool = 2
− Drill 2.300 deep

5-20 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Skill-Builder Exercise 6

Rough Bore the ID

− Tool = 3
− Z and X Allowance = .005
Finish Bore the ID
− Tool = 4
− Use Parallel Leadin and No Leadout
Finish Turn the OD
− Tool = 5
− Use Parallel Leadin and Parallel Leadout
Groove OD
− Tool = 6
− Z and X Allowance = .005 (for automatic finish cut)
Groove ID
− Tool = 7
− Z and X Allowance = .005 (for automatic finish cut)
Thread OD
− Tool = 8
− Ending Diameter = 4.3771
• Save the part and post process.

Skill-Builder Exercises 5-21

Skill-Builder Exercise 6

5-22 Skill-Builder Exercises

 Index

Index
D
.pdf, file extension for manuals 1-2 Define Bar Stock modifier 2-2, 2-6, 3-2
.set 1-18 Diameter, Axis Mode 1-4, 4-2
.txt 1-17 drawing turning parts 1-3
A/B Drilling cycle
Absolute Preset 1-10 defining operation 4-8
Arrow Display On 1-8 exercises 4-8
arrows, turning on display for boundary 1-8 setting up drill tool 4-9
attributes
F
symbol 1-9 Face Cycle modifier 2-6
turning on display 1-9 FANTUTL 1-2, 1-4
Axis dialog box 1-3 files
axis labels, changing 1-3 installing exercise parts 1-2
axis lines, displaying 1-3 NC program 1-18
Axis Mode 1-4 setup sheet 1-9, 1-18, 1-19
bar stock See stock finish turning 3-2
boundary
command 1-12, 1-21 G/H
inserting on part 1-12, 3-3, 3-8, 4-3 Grooving cycle
inserting on stock 1-21, 3-8 defining operation 4-4
multiple paths 5-8 drawing part with groove 4-3, 5-7
turning on arrow display 1-8 exercises 4-2
holders, turning on holder display 1-9, 4-3
C
CAD toolbar, Exit to CAM 1-4 L
CAM Display dialog box 1-8, 2-5 Lathe toolbar 1-6
CAM menu 1-7 Boundary 1-12, 1-21
Default Files command 1-8 Cutoff 3-5
Display Controller command 1-4, 1-7 Drilling Cycle 4-8
Select Controller command 1-7 Grooving Cycle 4-2
Setup Information command 1-7, 1-9 Post Process 1-17
Speed/Feed Tables command 1-8 Profile Tool Path 3-2
Tool Files command 1-8 Rough 1-14, 2-2
Use ANSI/ISO Standard commands 1-7 Stock 1-11
color box on system bar 1-6 Threading Cycle 4-5
Controller Type dialog box 1-4, 1-7 Lathe Tools dialog box 1-14
Cut Simulation layer box on system bar 1-6
changing simulation distance 1-9, 2-5 M
turning on 1-9, 2-4, 2-5 Mach% 1-10
Cutoff cycle manuals 1-2
Corner Break modifier 3-5 material 1-10
defining operation 3-5 Maximum RPM 1-10
Mirror utility 1-4, 4-2
Move utility 5-17

i
Index

N/O R
NC program 1-10 Rapid Display On 1-8
creating 1-17 Rerun dialog box 3-7
sample file 1-18 Retract Type 1-10
setup information 1-9 Rough Turning/Facing cycle
steps to generate 1-3 defining operation 1-14, 3-8
Operation List dialog box 3-7 exercises 2-2
operations Face Cycle modifier 2-6
defining 1-13, 3-10 Rough Facing modifier 2-4
editing 3-6 Rough Turning modifier 1-14, 2-3, 3-8
rerunning 2-4, 3-6 roughing 2-2
using Operation button on system bar 1-5, 3-7, S
3-10 Save Post File dialog box 1-17
Order utility 2-4 Set Operation - Cutoff dialog box 3-6
P Set Operation - Drill dialog box 4-9
parts Set Operation - Groove dialog box 4-4
drawing 1-3, 1-4, 4-2, 4-3, 5-2, 5-7, 5-11, 5-13, Set Operation - Profile dialog box 3-4
5-15 Set Operation - Rough dialog box 1-16
installing for exercises 1-2 Set Operation - Thread dialog box 4-6
modifying CAD drawing 5-17 Set Tool dialog box 1-15
parts used in exercises Setup Information dialog box 1-7, 1-9
exlath1.prt 1-3, 1-20 Setup menu, CAM Display dialog box 1-8
exlath12.prt 5-17 setup sheet
exlath2.prt 3-2 file 1-18
exlath3.prt 3-7 information 1-9
exlath4.prt 3-10 sample 1-19
exlath5.prt 4-5 Simulation Distance 2-5
exlath6.prt 4-8 skill-builder exercises
exlath7.prt 2-2, 2-5 exercise 1 5-2
Post dialog box 1-17 exercise 2 5-7
post process 1-17 exercise 3 5-11
changing controller for 1-7 exercise 4 5-13
NC program file 1-18 exercise 5 5-15
sample NC program 1-18 exercise 6 5-17
sample setup sheet 1-19 start Turning 1-4
setup sheet 1-9, 1-18 steps to generate an NC program 1-3
ProCAM stock
installing exercise parts 1-2 bar stock 1-11, 2-2
setup program 1-2 bar stock cutoff cycle 3-5
window 1-5 casting 1-20
ProCAM manuals 1-2 Define Bar Stock modifier 1-11, 4-3, 4-5
Profile tool path Define Stock Boundary modifier 3-8
defining operation 3-4, 3-9 defining 1-11, 1-20
exercises 3-2 drawing 1-20, 1-22, 5-2, 5-11, 5-13
leadin/leadout modifiers 3-4 forging 1-20
program number 1-10 turning on stock display 1-8

ii
 Index

Stock command on Lathe toolbar 1-11

Stock Diameter 1-12
Stock Length 1-12
Stock Size dialog box 1-11, 2-2
system bar
color box 1-6
layer box 1-6
operation button 1-5
tool compensation options 1-6
tool information 1-5
T
Threading cycle
defining operation 4-5
exercises 4-5
tool button on system bar 1-5
tool compensation options 1-6
tool path
generating 1-16
simulating automatically 2-4, 2-5
stepping through 2-4
Tool Type dialog box 1-14
toolbar
Lathe 1-6
modifier 1-6
ToolTips 1-7
tools
defining 1-14, 2-3
display all of tool 1-9
using grooving tool for roughing 2-6
ToolTips 1-7
tutorials 1-2
W/X
workpiece See stock
X Preset 1-10
Z
Z Cutoff 3-6
Z Face 1-12
Z Preset 1-10

iii
Index

iv