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ASSIGNMENT 5 - X - AI Handout Computer Vision1

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13 views3 pages

ASSIGNMENT 5 - X - AI Handout Computer Vision1

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mannatmakhija6
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AMITY INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL MAYUR VIHAR

Class X - Artificial Intelligence, 417


ASSIGNMENT 5 - UNIT 5 – COMPUTER VISION
Q1. What is Computer Vision?
Ans1: The Computer Vision domain of Artificial Intelligence, enables machines to see through images
or visual data, process and analyse them on the basis of algorithms and methods in order to analyse
actual phenomena with images. It involves the concepts of image processing and machine learning
models to build a Computer Vision based application.
Example : Emoji Scavenger Hunt

Q2. Write some Applications of Computer Vision.


Ans: Facial Recognition:
• Smarter home.
• Security involves use of Computer Vision for facial recognition.
• Guest recognition
• log maintenance of the visitors.
• Attendance in Classroom
Face Filters
Google’s Search by Image
Computer Vision in Retail
Self-Driving Cars
Medical Imaging
Google Translate App

Q3. Computer Vision Tasks


The various applications of Computer Vision are based on a certain number of tasks which are performed to
get certain information from the input image which can be directly used for prediction or forms the base for
further analysis. The tasks used in a computer vision application are :

For Single For Multiple


Objects Objects

Classification Object
Detection

Classification +
Localisation Instance
Segementation

Classification
Image Classification problem is the task of assigning an input image one label from a fixed set of categories.
This is one of the core problems in CV that, despite its simplicity, has a large variety of practical applications.

Classification + Localisation

X – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE – NEERI BHAGI


This is the task which involves both processes of identifying what object is present in the image and at the
same time identifying at what location that object is present in that image. It is used only for single objects.

Object Detection
Object detection is the process of finding instances of real-world objects such as faces, bicycles, and
buildings in images or videos. Object detection algorithms typically use extracted features and learning
algorithms to recognize instances of an object category. It is commonly used in applications such as image
retrieval and automated vehicle parking systems.

Instance Segmentation
Instance Segmentation is the process of detecting instances of the objects, giving them a category andthen
giving each pixel a label on the basis of that. A segmentation algorithm takes an image as input and outputs
a collection of regions (or segments).

BASICS OF IMAGES

Q4. Explain what are Pixels.


The word “pixel” means a picture element. Every photograph, in digital form, is made up of pixels. They are
the smallest unit of information that make up a picture. Usually round or square, they are typically arranged
in a 2-dimensional grid.

Q5 What is Resolution?
The number of pixels in an image is sometimes called the resolution. When the term is used to
describe pixel count, one convention is to express resolution as the width by the height, for example
a monitor resolution of 1280×1024. This means there are 1280 pixels from one side to the other, and
1024 from top to bottom.

X – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE – NEERI BHAGI


Another convention is to express the number of pixels as a single number, like a 5 mega pixel camera
(a megapixel is a million pixels). This means the pixels along the width multiplied by the pixels along
the height of the image taken by the camera equals 5 million pixels. In the case of our 1280×1024
monitors, it could also be expressed as 1280 x 1024 = 1,310,720, or 1.31 megapixels.

Q6. Write in Detail about Pixel value


Each of the pixels that represents an image stored inside a computer has a pixel value which describeshow
bright that pixel is, and/or what colour it should be. The most common pixel format is the byte image, where
this number is stored as an 8-bit integer giving a range of possible values from 0 to 255.Typically, zero is to be
taken as no colour or black and 255 is taken to be full colour or white.

Why do we have a value of 255 ? In the computer systems, computer data is in the form of ones and zeros,
which we call the binary system. Each bit in a computer system can have either a zero or a one.

Since each pixel uses 1 byte of an image, which is equivalent to 8 bits of data. Since each bit can have two
possible values which tells us that the 8 bit can have 255 possibilities of values which starts from 0 and ends
at 255.

X – ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE – NEERI BHAGI

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