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Matlab Plotting

matlab notes

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Abdul-halim Hafidh
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19 views

Matlab Plotting

matlab notes

Uploaded by

Abdul-halim Hafidh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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2022-05-12

Matlab Plotting

Instructor: Dr. W. E. Ngongi

Plotting
• To plot the graph of a function, you need to take
the following steps:
• Define x, by specifying the range of values for the
variable x, for which the function is to be plotted
• Define the function, y = f(x)
• Use the plot command, as plot(x, y)
• Let us plot the simple function y = x for the range
of values for x from 0 to 100, with an increment
of 5.

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Plotting …
• Create a script file and type the following
code:
• x = [0:5:100];
• y = x;
• plot(x, y)
• When you run the file, MATLAB displays the
following plot −

Plotting …

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Plotting …
• Example to plot the function y = x2.
• Create a script file and type the following code:
• Create a script file and type the following code −
x = [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10];
x = [-100:20:100];
x = [-100:5:100];
• y = x.^2;
• plot(x, y)

Plotting …

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Plotting …

Adding Title, Labels, Grid Lines and


Scaling on the Graph
• MATLAB allows you to add title, labels along the x-axis and
y-axis, grid lines and also to adjust the axes to spruce up
the graph.
• The xlabel and ylabel commands generate labels along x-
axis and y-axis.
• The title command allows you to put a title on the graph.
• The grid on command allows you to put the grid lines on
the graph.
• The axis equal command allows generating the plot with
the same scale factors and the spaces on both axes.
• The axis square command generates a square plot.

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Plotting Titles & Labels


• To put a title and label the axes, we use:
• title('Graph of y = sin(3pi x)')
• >> xlabel('x axis')
• >> ylabel('y-axis')

Adding Title, Labels, Grid Lines and


Scaling on the Graph …
• Example: Plot a graph of y=sin(x) with 0≤x≤10;
• Codes:
x = [0:0.01:10];
y = sin(x);
plot(x, y),
xlabel('x'),
ylabel('Sin(x)'),
title('Sin(x) Graph'),
grid on,
axis equal

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Adding Title, Labels, Grid Lines and


Scaling on the Graph …

Line Styles & Colours


Code Color
w White
k Black
b Blue
r Red
c Cyan
g Green
m Magenta
y Yellow

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Line Styles & Colours …


• The default is to plot solid lines. A solid white
line is
• produced by
• >> plot(x,y,'w-')
• The third argument is a string whose first
character specifies the colour (optional) and
the second the line style.
• The options for colours and styles are:

Line Styles & Colours …


. Point
o circle
x x-mark
+ plus
- solid
* star
: dotted
-. dashdot
-- dashed

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Multplots
• You can draw multiple graphs on the same plot.
• >> plot(x, y, 'w-', x, cos(3*pi*x),'g--')
• Example: Plot y = sin(x) and z = cos(x) for 0≤x≤10.
• Codes:
x = [0 : 0.01: 10];
y = sin(x);
z = cos(x);
• plot(x, y, x, z, '.-'), legend('Sin(x)', 'Cos(x)')

Drawing Multiple Functions on the


Same Graph …

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Setting Axis Scales


• The axis command allows you to set the axis
scales.
• Example: Plot y =e-xsin(2x + 3);
• Codes:
• x = [0 : 0.01: 10];
• y = exp(-x).* sin(2*x + 3);
• plot(x, y), axis([0 10 -1 1])
• When you run the file, MATLAB generates the
following graph:

Setting Axis Scales …

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Subplot
• The graphics window may be split into an m by n
array of smaller windows into which we may plot
one or more graphs.
• The windows are counted 1 to mn row-wise,
starting from the top left. The following
command is used:
• >> subplot(221) or subplot(2,2,1);
• This species that the window should be split into
a 2 by2 array and we select the first subwindow.

Subplot …
• Example
• Let us generate two plots:
y = e−1.5xsin(10x)
y = e−2xsin(10x)
• Create a script file and type the following code:
x = [0:0.01:5];
y = exp(-1.5*x).*sin(10*x);
subplot(1,2,1)
plot(x,y), xlabel('x'),ylabel('exp(–1.5x)*sin(10x)'),axis([0 5 -1 1])
y = exp(-2*x).*sin(10*x);
subplot(1,2,2)
plot(x,y),xlabel('x'),ylabel('exp(–2x)*sin(10x)'),axis([0 5 -1 1])

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Subplot …

• Example: Draw graphs of the functions:


• 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
𝑥

• 𝑢 = (𝑥−1)
1
2 +𝑥
2
• 𝑣 = 𝑥𝑥2+1
−4
1 3
• 𝑤 = (10−𝑥)
(4−𝑥 ) 2
2 1
−2
for 0≤x≤10.

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Subplot …
• >> x = 0:0.1:10;
• >> y = sin(x)./x;
• >> subplot(221), plot(x,y), title('(i)')
• >> u = 1./(x-1).^2 + x;
• >> subplot(222),plot(x,u), title('(ii)')
• >> v = (x.^2+1)./(x.^2-4);
• >> subplot(223),plot(x,v),title('(iii)')
• >> w = ((10-x).^(1/3)-1)./sqrt(4-x.^2);
• >> subplot(224),plot(x,w),title('(iv)')

• Tabulate the functions:


• 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜋𝑥 2 and
𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜋𝑥
• 𝑧= For x=0, 0.2, …, 10.
𝑥 2 +3
𝑥2 +3 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜋𝑥2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜋𝑥
• hence, tabulate: 𝑤 = (𝑥−2 +3)

• Plot a graph of w over the range 0≤ x≤10.

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