Elements, Compounds & Mixtures

Objectives
1-Element Page2
2- Compound Page3
3- Mixture Page5
4-Comparison between Element, compound and Mixtures
Page6
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Dr. Marian Benyamin
1-Element
-Element: substance that is made up of only one kind of atoms and cannot be split
into simpler ones. ex: Metals (iron, copper) Non-Metals(oxygen, nitrogen).
-Elements can be classified according to their structure into:

1-Elements made up of single atoms.
➢ Examples:
• Metals like: Iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Aluminum (Al).
• Noble gases: Helium (He), Neon (Ne), Argon (Ar).
2-Elements made up of molecules (two atoms or more joined together).
➢ Examples:
• Diatomic elements (their molecules are made up of two similar atoms chemically
joined together), Ex: - Oxygen (O2), Nitrogen (N2), Hydrogen (H2)
-All halogens like: Fluorine (F2), Chlorine (Cl2), Bromine (Br2) and Iodine (I2).
• Ozone gas (O3).
• Sulfur (S8).
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Dr. Marian Benyamin
First 20 elements in the periodic table
Element Symbol Element Symbol
1-Hydrogen H 11-Sodium Na
2-Helium He 12 -Magnesium Mg
3-Lithium Li 13- Aluminum Al
4-Beryllium Be 14-Silicon Si
5-Boron B 15-Phosphorus P
6-Carbon C 16-Sulfur S
7-Nitrogen N 17-Chlorine Cl
8-Oxygen O 18-Argon Ar
9-fluorine F 19-Potassium K
10-Neon Ne 20-Calcium Ca
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Dr. Marian Benyamin
*symbols of other Elements
Element Symbol Element Symbol
Copper Cu Zinc Zn
Silver Ag Iron Fe
Gold Au Nickel Ni
Chromium Cr Platinum Pt
Lead Pb Cobalt Co
Vanadium V Tin Sn
Mercury Hg Manganese Mn
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Dr. Marian Benyamin
2-Compound
-Compound: substance that is made up of two or more different kinds of atoms that
joined together by chemical reaction. ex: water(H2O), CO2.
- Compound has its own physical and chemical properties that differ from the
properties of each element from them the compound are made.
-Elements in a compound are not separated easily, but might be separated by

chemical reaction
Example:
1- Sodium (metal fizzes in water) reacts with chlorine (green smelly poisonous
gas) forming Sodium chloride; (table salt) has its own properties that differ
from properties of sodium and chlorine.
2- Iron reacts sulfur forming iron sulfide, iron sulfide has its own properties
(black solid – non magnetic) that differ from properties of iron (shiny grey
metal – magnetic) and sulfur (yellow solid – brittle – non magnetic).
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Dr. Marian Benyamin
3-Mixture
-Mixture: is made up of two or more Separate substances mixed by physical way .
- Substances in the mixture can be separated easily by physical methods
(filtration, evaporation or distillation,………….).
- Mixture keeps the properties of the substances it is made of.
- Amounts of substances in a mixture may vary.
Example:
-Air is a mixture of gases.
-Alloys as Steel are mixtures of metals with other elements.
Summary
Element Compound Mixture
Is a substance which is Is a substance that is formed Is a substance which is made
made from just one from two or more different from two or more Separate
type of atom elements joined together as substances mixed by
a result of chemical reaction. physical way.
Each element has its The physical and chemical The substances in a mixture
own particular properties of a compound keep their physical and
properties. are different from the chemical properties.
physical and chemical
properties of the elements
from which it is formed.
Element is the simplest The elements in the The substances in a mixture
form of matter that compound can be separated can be separated by physical
can't be analyzed into from each other when the processes such as filtering,
simpler one compound takes part in boiling and condensing.
other chemical reactions.
Examples: Examples: Examples:

Iron, Oxygen, nitrogen, Water, carbon dioxide, table Air, Salty solution, alloys
hydrogen. salt
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Dr. Marian Benyamin
Molecule: is more than one atom combined together. It can be either,
Molecule of an Element if they are of the Same atoms ex: O2 "Oxygen molecule"
Molecule of a Compound if they are of different atoms ex: CO2, , H2O
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Dr. Marian Benyamin

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Objectives

-Elements can be classified according to their structure into:

2-Elements made up of molecules (two atoms or more joined together).

Element Symbol Element Symbol

3-Lithium Li 13- Aluminum Al

Element Symbol Element Symbol

-Elements in a compound are not separated easily, but might be separated by

-Air is a mixture of gases.

-Alloys as Steel are mixtures of metals with other elements.

Examples: Examples: Examples:

Molecule of a Compound if they are of different atoms ex: CO2, , H2O

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