EDU 311 80a MOD 03 Flow Logic
EDU 311 80a MOD 03 Flow Logic
EDU-311
PAN-OS® 8.0
Courseware Version A
§ Flow logic
§ Troubleshooting tools
§ Packet capture
Parallel processing
§ Function-specific parallel processing
hardware engines
§ Separate data/control planes
Processor
Packet arrives
Network
Ingress
Processor
Security
Session Slowpath Fastpath
App-ID
Signature
Match
Inspection
Content Inspection
Processor
Network
Packet exits Egress
FW Session Setup
Slowpath Fwd Int/Zone Lookup NAT User-ID Sec Policy Lookup*
FW Session Match
L2–4 FW Processing SSL Proxy Decrypt
Fastpath
Slowpath Yes
Fastpath
Extract L2/L3/L4
Error check
Ingress interface/zone lookup
IPSec/SSL- Yes
Decryption
VPN?
No
No
Existing Session
Slowpath
Match?
Yes
Fastpath
Forwarding Lookup
Get egress interface/zone from
routing lookup
No
Pattern-Based Application ID
Content-ID
Deny Security
Discard
Policy with
Packet
App-ID
Allow
Set QoS
Yes
Traffic
Re-encrypt
Decrypted
No
Fwd/Egress
§ QoS setup
n
Apply Cleartext QoS Apply Tunnel QoS
Apply NAT
Yes
Discard
Check if src IP=dst IP
Packet
No
Transmit
Packet
Has App/Content Y
App-ID
Changed?
Y
N
Content-ID
Fwd-Egress
§ interface
Physical and logical traffic, management, interface counters
§ management-server
Simple high-level counts
§ test nat-policy-match
§ test security-policy-match
§ Types:
• Policy: security, NAT, PBF, CP, decryption, QoS
• Content: URL, data filtering, botnet, WildFire
• VPN: IPsec and IKE
• Network: PPPoE, ARP, routing, QoS
§ Non-SYN TCP seen for first packet. See show session info and global
counter flow_tcp_non_syn_drop.
8
3
Use unique filenames for
each stage.
If the names are the same,
data will be overwritten.
§ Step 5: If needed, export pcap (can also download from Monitor tab of the WebUI):
> scp export filter-pcap from <filename> to <user@ip-address:path>
> tftp export filter-pcap from <filename> to <tftp-ip>
§ No capture stages required (but pcaps on all four stages can be useful)
Caution: This packet capture is more resource-intensive than other packet captures. Never
run it when CPU use is high on the dataplane. Use very specific packet filters and check
CPU use on the dataplane and the management plane before using it. Palo Alto Networks
recommends using a maintenance window, if possible.
Verify settings:
> debug dataplane packet-diag show setting
§ Step 5: Capture traffic, then immediately disable debugs starting with log:
> debug dataplane packet-diag set log off
> debug dataplane packet-diag set capture off
== Jan 22 11:56:26 ==
Packet received at ingress stage
Packet info: len 74 port 17 interface 17 vsys 1
wqe index 229102 packet 0x0x80000000b8fbe0c6
Packet decoded dump:
L2: 00:26:88:f9:53:46->00:26:88:f9:53:47, type 0x0800
IP: 192.168.0.13->8.8.8.8, protocol 1
version 4, ihl 5, tos 0x00, len 60,
id 11056, frag_off 0x0000, ttl 127, checksum 16332
ICMP: type 8, code 0, checksum 19752, id 1, seq 51
Flow lookup, key word0 0x1003300010100 word1 0
No active flow found, enqueue to create session
§ Slowpath shows the ingress interface and the egress interface. Note that the
policy lookup matches a rule, and that the session is allocated. Check the
session ID to see which rule was matched:
> show session id 62387
== Jan 22 11:56:26 ==
Packet received at forwarding stage
Packet info: len 74 port 17 interface 17 vsys 1
wqe index 229102 packet 0x0x80000000b8fbe0c6
Packet decoded dump:
L2: 00:26:88:f9:53:46->00:26:88:f9:53:47, type 0x0800
IP: 192.168.0.13->8.8.8.8, protocol 1
version 4, ihl 5, tos 0x00, len 60,
id 11056, frag_off 0x0000, ttl 127, checksum 16332
ICMP: type 8, code 0, checksum 19752, id 1, seq 51
Forwarding lookup, ingress interface 17
Virtual-wire mode, ingress if 17, egress if 16
Transmit packet on port 16
Forwarding lookup occurs during the forwarding stage, and for every packet. Port
indexes can be viewed with the following command:
> show interface all
42 | ©2017, Palo Alto Networks, Inc.
Offloaded Traffic
§ If only the first few packets of a session are being captured, one possible
reason is that the session was offloaded:
• Offloaded packets are not processed by the CPU.
Note: All platforms offload except PA-200/220, PA-500, PA-820/850, and VMs.