Data sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass)

type KVC

Introduction

KVC is a capacity regulator applied for the system, KVC imposes a lower limit on the
adaption of the compressor capacity to the compressor suction pressure by supplying the
actual evaporator load. Placed in a bypass low pressure side with replacement capacity
between high- and low pressure sides of the in the form of hot gas/cool gas from the high
refrigeration pressure side.

Features · Accurate, adjustable pressure regulation · Compact angle design for easy installation

· Wide capacity and operating ranges · "Hermetic" brazed construction

· Pulsation, damping · Available with flare and ODF solder

connections
· Stainless steel bellows
· For CFC, HCFC and HFC

Approvals DSRK, Deutsche Schiffs-Revision und

-Klassifikation, Germany
S UL godkendt, file SA7200
A CSA certificeret

Technical data Refrigerants Maximum temperature of medium

CFC, HCFC and HFC 150 °C
Regulating range Minimum temperature of medium
0.2 ® 6.0 bar – 200 °C
Factory setting = 2 bar Maximum P band
Maximum working pressure 2.0 bar
PB = 28 bar kV - value at maximum P band1)
Maximum test pressure KVC 12 = 0.68 m3/h
p' = 31 bar KVC 15 = 1.25 m3/h
KVC 20 = 1.85 m3/h
1) The kv value is the flow of water in m3/h at a pressure
drop across valve of 1 bar, r = 1000 kg/m3.

Ordering Rated capacity 1) Flare Solder

Type connection 2) Code no. connection Code no.
kW
R 22 R 134a R 404A/R 507 R 407C in. mm in. mm
1/2 12 034L0141 1/2 034L0143
KVC 12 7.6 4.8 6.9 8.4
12 034L0146
KVC 15 14.9 9.4 13.6 16.4 5/8 16 034L0142 5/8 16 034L0147
KVC 22 19.1 12.0 17.4 21.0 7/8 034L0144
1) Rated capacity is the regulator capacity at 2) KVC is supplied without flare nut.
evaporating temperature t e = -10°C, Separate flare nuts can be ordered:
condensing temperature tc = +25°C, 1/2 in./12 mm, code no. 011L1103,
offset = 0.7 bar 5/8 in./16 mm, code no. 011L1167

The connection dimensions chosen must not be If the discharge tube temperature becomes too
too small, since gas velocities in excess of 40 high in relation to the compressor specification,
m/s at the inlet of the regulator can give flow the installation of an injection valve in a bypass
noise. between liquid line and compressor suction line
is recommended.

ã Danfoss A/S, 09 - 1999 RD.4E.C2.02 1

Data sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass), type KVC

Replacement capacity Offset Q 1) kW suction gas temperature ts after pressure/temperature reduction °C

Type
Dp bar -45 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10

R 22
KVC 12 0.10 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6
0.15 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0
0.20 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1
0.30 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7
0.50 6.6 6.8 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.5
0.70 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.6 7.8 7.9
1.00 7.6 7.9 8.1 8.3 8.5 8.6
1.20 8.2 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.1 9.3
KVC 15 0.10 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0
0.15 4.5 4.7 4.8 4.9 5.0 5.1
0.20 5.9 6.1 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.7
0.30 8.2 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.1 9.3
0.50 11.7 12.1 12.4 12.7 13.0 13.2
0.70 13.7 14.2 14.6 14.9 15.2 15.5
1.00 15.6 16.2 16.7 17.0 17.3 17.7
1.20 16.8 17.4 17.9 18.3 18.7 19.0
KVC 22 0.10 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2
0.15 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7
0.20 6.8 7.0 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.7
0.30 8.4 8.6 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.5
0.50 14.1 14.5 15.0 15.3 15.6 15.9
0.70 17.6 18.1 18.7 19.1 19.5 19.9
1) The capacities are based on 1.00 21.4 22.4 23.1 23.6 24.1 24.5
liquid temperature ahead of
evaporator tl = 25°C 1.20 23.8 24.6 25.4 25.9 26.4 26.9

R 134a
KVC 12 0.10 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7
0.15 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
0.20 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.4
0.30 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5
0.50 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.8 4.9
0.70 4.4 4.5 4.8 5.0 5.2
1.00 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.5 5.8
1.20 5.1 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.1
KVC15 0.10 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
0.15 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.4
0.20 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5
0.30 5.1 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.1
0.50 7.4 7.7 8.0 8.4 8.7
0.70 8.7 9.1 9.4 9.9 10.2
1.00 9.9 10.2 10.7 11.3 11.7
1.20 10.6 11.1 11.6 12.2 12.6
KVC 22 0.10 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.8
0.15 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7
0.20 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.1
0.30 5.2 5.5 5.7 6.0 6.3
0.50 8.9 9.3 9.7 10.1 10.5
0.70 11.0 11.6 12.0 12.6 13.1
1.00 13.7 14.3 14.9 15.6 16.3
1.20 15.0 15.7 16.3 17.2 17.8

Correction factors When selecting, the required capacity is Correction factors for liquid temperature
to be multiplied by a correction factor can be found in section "selection"
dependent on the liquid temperature.
The corrected capacity can then be found
from the table.

2 RD.4E.C2.02 ã Danfoss A/S, 09 - 1999

Data Sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass), type KVC

Replacement capacity Offset Q 1) kW suction gas temperature ts after pressure/temperature reduction °C

(continued) Type
Dp bar -45 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 +10

R 404A/R 507
KVC 12 0.10 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4
0.15 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
0.20 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.7 4.7
0.30 5.1 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.1
0.50 5.7 6.0 6.4 6.6 6.8 7.0
0.70 6.0 6.4 6.6 6.9 7.2 7.3
1.00 6.6 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.8 8.0
1.20 7.0 7.4 7.7 8.0 8.4 8.5
KVC15 0.10 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
0.15 3.9 4.1 4.2 4.5 4.7 4.7
0.20 5.1 5.4 5.6 5.8 6.0 6.1
0.30 7.0 7.4 7.7 8.0 8.4 8.5
0.50 10.1 10.6 11.1 11.6 12.0 12.3
0.70 11.8 12.5 13.0 13.6 14.1 14.4
1.00 13.5 14.2 14.8 15.5 16.1 16.4
1.20 14.5 15.3 16.0 16.6 17.3 17.7
KVC 22 0.10 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8
0.15 4.3 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.3
0.20 5.8 6.1 6.4 6.7 7.0 7.1
0.30 8.2 8.6 8.9 9.3 9.8 9.9
0.50 12.1 12.8 13.4 13.9 14.4 14.7
0.70 15.2 16.0 16.6 17.4 18.1 18.4
1) The capacities are based on 1.00 18.8 19.8 20.7 21.5 22.4 22.8
liquid temperature ahead of eva
porator tl = 25°C 1.20 20.5 21.6 22.6 23.5 24.5 25.0

R 407C
KVC 12 0.10 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0
0.15 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.6
0.20 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8
0.30 6.3 6.5 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.6
0.50 7.0 7.3 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.6
0.70 7.4 7.7 8.1 8.4 8.7 9.0
1.00 8.1 8.5 8.8 9.1 9.4 9.8
1.20 8.7 9.1 9.5 9.8 10.1 10.6
KVC 15 0.10 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.6
0.15 4.8 5.0 5.2 5.4 5.6 5.8
0.20 6.3 6.5 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.6
0.30 8.7 9.1 9.5 9.8 10.1 10.6
0.50 12.4 12.9 13.5 14.0 14.4 15.0
0.70 14.5 15.2 15.9 16.4 16.9 17.7
1.00 16.5 17.3 18.2 18.7 19.2 20.2
1.20 17.8 18.6 19.5 20.1 20.8 21.7
KVC 22 0.10 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.6 4.8
0.15 5.4 5.6 5.9 6.1 6.2 6.5
0.20 7.2 7.5 8.0 8.1 8.3 8.8
0.30 8.9 9.2 9.7 10.0 10.3 10.8
0.50 14.9 15.5 16.4 16.8 17.3 18.1
0.70 18.7 19.4 20.4 21.0 21.6 22.7
1.00 22.7 24.0 25.2 26.0 26.8 27.9
1.20 25.2 26.3 27.7 28.5 29.3 30.7

Correction factors When selecting, the required capacity is Correction factors for liquid temperature
to be multiplied by a correction factor can be found in section "selection"
dependent on the liquid temperature.
The corrected capacity can then be found
from the table.

ã Danfoss A/S, 09 - 1999 RD.4E.C2.02 3

Data sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass), type KVC

Sizing For optimum performance, it is important to l Refrigerant - CFC, HCFC or HFC

select a KVC valve according to system l Minimum suction temperature ts in °C/bar
conditions and application. l Compressor load in kW
The following data must be used when sizing a l Evaporator load in kW
KVC valve: l Liquid temperature ahead of expansion
valve tl in °C
l Connection type flare or solder
l Connection size in inches

Valve selection When selecting the appropiate valve it may be Refrigerant: R134a
Example necessary to convert the actual evaporator Minimum suction temperature ts = – 12°C ~
capacity using a correction factor. This is 0.9 bar
required when your system conditions are Compressor capacity at – 12°C = 15.4 kW
different than the table conditions. Evaporator load at – 12°C = 10.0 kW
The selection is also dependant on the Liquid temperature ahead of expansion valve:
acceptable pressure drop across the valve. tl = 35°C
The following example illustrates how this is Connection type: Solder
done. Connection size: 5/8 in.

Step 1 Determine the correction factor for liquid From the correction factors table (see below)
temperature tl. a liquid temperature of 35°C, R134a
corresponds to a factor of 1.10.

Correction factors for condensing temperature tl

tl °C 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
R 134a 0.88 0.92 0.96 1.0 1.05 1.10 1.16 1.23 1.31
R 22 0.90 0.93 0.96 1.0 1.05 1.10 1.13 1.18 1.24
R 404A/ 0.84 0.89 0.94 1.0 1.07 1.16 1.26 1.40 1.57
R 507
R 407C 0.88 0.91 0.95 1.0 1.05 1.11 1.18 1.26 1.35

Step 2 The required replacement capacity is defined

as the (compressor capacity – the evaporator
load) divided by the correction factor =
15.4 – 10.0 / 1.10 = 4.9 kW

Step 3 Now select the appropriate capacity table and KVC 15 delivers 5.4 kW at an offset of 0.3 bar.
choose the column for minimum suction Based on the required connection size of 5/8
temperature ts = – 20°C. in. ODF, the KVC 15 is the proper selection for
Using the corrected replacement capacity, this example.
select a valve that provides an equivalent or
greater capacity than required.

Step 4
KVC 15, 5/8 in. solder connection:
code no. 034L0147, see ordering list.

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Data Sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass), type KVC

Design Capacity regulator KVC opens at a fall in

Function pressure on the outlet side, i.e. when the
pressure in the evaporator is beyond the set
value.
KVC regulates only in dependence on the outlet
pressure. Pressure variations on the inlet side of
the regulator do not affect the degree of opening
since KVC is equipped with an equalization
bellows (6). This bellows has an effective area
corresponding to that of the valve seat.
The regulator is also equipped with an effective
damping device (9) against pulsations which can
normally arise in a refrigeration plant.
The damping device helps to ensure long life for
the regulator without impairing regulation
accuracy.

1. Protective cap
2. Gasket
3. Setting screw
4. Main spring
5. Valve body
6. Equalization bellows
7. Valve plate
8. Valve seat KVC
9. Damping device

P-band and Offset

Proportional band Offset

The proportional band or P-band is defined as The offset is defined as the permissible
the amount of pressure required to move the pressure variation in suction line pressure
valve plate from closed to full open position. (temperature). It is calculated as the difference
Example: If the valve is set to open at 4 bar between the required working pressure and the
and the valve p-band is 2, the valve will give minimum allowable pressure.
maximum capacity when the discharge The offset is always a part of the P-band.
pressure reaches 2 bar.
Example with R 404A:
A suction temperature ahead of the
compressor of 5°C ~ 6 bar is required, and the
temperature must not drop below
0°C ~ 5 bar.
The offset will then be 1 bar.

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Data sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass), type KVC

Dimensions and weifgts

Connection C
NV1 NV2 H1 H2 B1 solder dia. D Weight
Type Flare Solder ODF
in. mm in. mm mm mm mm mm mm mm mm kg
KVC 12 1/2 12 1/2 12 19 24 179 99 64 10 30 0.4
KVC 15 5/8 16 5/8 16 24 24 179 99 64 12 30 0.4
KVC 22 7/8 22 179 99 64 17 30 0.4

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Data Sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass), type KVC

ã Danfoss A/S, 09 - 1999 RD.4E.C2.02 7

Data sheet Capacity regulator (hot gas bypass), type KVC

8 RD.4E.C2.02 ã Danfoss A/S, 09 - 1999