Code No: R203102F R20 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
(Common to CE,ME,ECE,CSE,IT,AGE,CSE(AI&DS),CSE(AI&ML),
CSE(CS),CSE(IOT),AI&DS)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. Discuss the construction and working of Liquid flat plate [14M]
collector with a neat sketch. Explain the various parameters that
affect the performance of collector.
(OR)
2. a) Write the advantages and disadvantages of concentrating [7M]
collectors over flat-plate types of solar collectors.
b) Explain the term fill factor and its importance as a performance [7M]
parameter for a solar cell.
UNIT-II
3. a) List and explain the different types of turbines considered in [7M]
wind energy system
b) Derive the Wind power equation starting from the Kinetic energy [7M]
equation
(OR)
4. a) Explain principles of wind energy conversion & describe factors [7M]
affecting wind speed?
b) List and briefly explain the various parts of horizontal axis wind [7M]
turbine.
UNIT-III
5. a) What are the advantages and limitations of wave energy [7M]
conversion?
b) What are the different biomass energy resources? What is the [7M]
energy yield from each of them?
(OR)
6. a) Explain the analysis of the energy content and its extraction for [7M]
a hot dry rock type Geothermal resource
b) Distinguish between Fixed and Float drum Biodigesters. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7. a) State the basic principle of tidal energy production and write [7M]
major components of tidal power plant.
b) Derive the expression for energy and power in single basin tidal [7M]
system
(OR)
8. a) The basin area of a tidal power plant is 20 X 106m2 . The tidal [7M]
range is 8m, calculate the energy generated in kWH.
b) Explain about the prospects of OTEC in India. [7M]

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 Code No: R203102F R20 SET - 1

UNIT-V

9. a) Distinguish between Fuel cell and a Battery. [7M]

b) Describe working principle of fuel cell with neat sketch and draw [7M]
the performance characteristics of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell?
(OR)
10. a) Mention the application of fuel cells and explain anyone [7M]
application
b) Write the principle of operation of MHD power generation [7M]

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Code No: R203102F R20 SET - 2
III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
(Common to CE,ME,ECE,CSE,IT,AGE,CSE(AI&DS),CSE(AI&ML),
CSE(CS),CSE(IOT),AI&DS)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) Define solar constant. What is its standard value? [7M]
b) Write a short note on sizing of PV system and its storage. [7M]
(OR)
2. a) What are the main advantages of flat-plate solar collector? [7M]
b) With suitable schematic, describe the construction and working of [7M]
solar pond based electric-power plant with cooling tower
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain different parameters which are required in the extraction [7M]
of maximum power under varying wind speed conditions?
b) What is Wind Energy? How does it originate and on what factors [7M]
does the earth wind depends?
(OR)
4. a) Describe salient features of horizontal axis and vertical axis wind [7M]
turbines?
b) Sketch and explain the different operational characteristics of [7M]
Wind turbine.
UNIT-III
5. a) Explain the operation of bio-gasifier. Write its applications. [7M]
b) What are the different sources of Geothermal energy [7M]
(OR)
6. a) Discuss the energy analysis of a hot Aquifer type Geothermal [7M]
resource
b) What is the environment impacts of geothermal energy? Explain. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7. a) Write the expressions for kinetic energy and power output for a [7M]
wave. Explain each term.
b) List out various wave-energy conversion devices. [7M]
(OR)
8. a) Explain about double basin arrangement in tidal power [7M]
generation.
b) Explain the working of closed Cycle OTEC plant with a neat [7M]
diagram.
UNIT-V
9. a) Describe the principle of working of a fuel cell with reference to H2 [7M]
– O2 cell.
b) Explain methods of hydrogen production with illustrations. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Explain the various characteristics of Fuel cell and also show the [7M]
effect of temperature on the cell performance.
b) Explain the applications of MHD generation. [7M]
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 Code No: R203102F R20 SET - 3

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
(Common to CE,ME,ECE,CSE,IT,AGE,CSE(AI&DS),CSE(AI&ML),
CSE(CS),CSE(IOT),AI&DS)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. Briefly discuss the following: i) solar irradiance ii) solar constant [14M]
iii) extraterrestrial radiations iv) terrestrial radiations
(OR)
2. a) What is the status of non-conventional energy sources in India [7M]
and what is their future prospectus?
b) Describe the main features of various types of renewable energy [7M]
resources.
UNIT-II
3. a) Show that ideal maximum power coefficient is 0.59 for a [7M]
horizontal axis windmill?
b) Explain the operation wind energy system with a neat sketch. [7M]
(OR)
4. a) Explain different types and characteristics of windmill rotors [7M]
with relevant diagrams?
b) Discuss the merits and demerits associated with wind energy [7M]
systems.
UNIT-III
5. a) Write a short note on bio-gas plant. [5M]
b) List and explain the main constituents of Biomass materials. [9M]
(OR)
6. a) What is meant by geothermal energy? What are the deciding [7M]
factors to use in Power generation?
b) Explain how geothermal resources are classified on the basis of [7M]
enthalpy.
UNIT-IV
7. Explain with sketches the various methods of tidal power [14M]
generation. What are the limitations of each method?
(OR)
8. a) Explain about single basin arrangement in tidal power [7M]
generation.
b) List the advantages of wave Power plant. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Derive an expression for emf, free energy, potential, power [7M]
output and efficiency of a fuel cell.
b) What are the various losses occurring in the fuel cells? [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Classify fuel cells and differentiate between Fuel Cell and Battery [7M]
b) Explain the various applications and storage techniques used for [7M]
Hydrogen Energy.
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 Code No: R203102F R20 SET - 4

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
(Common to CE,ME,ECE,CSE,IT,AGE,CSE(AI&DS),CSE(AI&ML),
CSE(CS),CSE(IOT),AI&DS)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. Draw and explain the P-V and I-V characteristics of the PV [14M]
System for different Input quantities of irradiance and
temperature.
(OR)
2. List and explain about any two solar energy storage systems [14M]
with necessary illustrations.
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain how the wind energy systems (WECS) are classified? [7M]
Discuss in brief?
b) A wind turbine with 12 m diameter span has cut in speed of 5.2 [7M]
m/s, at which it develops 3.5 KW. Find the; (i) Efficiency of
turbine and (ii) Axial force on turbine.
(OR)
4. a) Explain different schematics of wind power generation using [7M]
induction generator as an option
b) Explain in detail about the configuration of Horizontal and [7M]
vertical axis wind turbine
UNIT-III
5. a) What are biomass conversion technologies? Draw a schematic [7M]
diagram to explain various conversion technologies and
products.
b) What are the main applications of geothermal energy? [7M]
(OR)
6. a) List out various types of Geothermal resources. [7M]
b) Explain the concept of wet steam geothermal system. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7. a) Describe the concepts of converting wave energy into mechanical [7M]
or electrical energy.
b) What is the source of tidal energy? What is the minimum tidal [7M]
range required for the working of tidal plant. How much is the
potential in tides.
(OR)
8. a) Discuss the different types of wave energy conversion devices. [7M]
b) Explain the working of Open Cycle OTEC plant with a neat [7M]
diagram.

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 Code No: R203102F R20 SET - 4

UNIT-V
9. a) Write short notes on regenerative fuel cell and list out its [7M]
advantages.
b) Explain working principle of fuel cell and describe energy storage [7M]
system using fuel cells?
(OR)
10. a) List various types of MHD power generation and explain any one [7M]
type with working and a neat sketch.
b) Explain the characteristics of hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell. [7M]

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 Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to EEE,CSE,CSE(AI),CSE(AI&ML),CSE(DS).CSE(CS))
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) Derive the expression for AM wave. [7M]
b) Define the following [7M]
i. Coherent Detection
ii. modulation index of an AM wave
iii. Time Division Multiplexing
(OR)
2. a) Describe quadrature carrier multiplexing. [7M]
b) A sinusoidally modulated ordinary AM waveform is shown below. [7M]
(a) Determine the modulation index. (b) Calculate the
transmission efficiency. (c) Determine the amplitude of the
carrier which must be added to attain a modulation index of 0.3.

UNIT-II
3. a) Explain in detail about narrow band Frequency modulation with [7M]
neat diagrams.
b) An FM wave is given [7M]
by s(t)=20cos(8π×106t+9sin(2π×103t))s(t)=20cos (8π×106t+9sin
(2π×103t)). Calculate the frequency deviation, bandwidth, and
power of FM wave.
(OR)
4. a) Explain about Non-Coherent FM Demodulation with neat [7M]
diagrams.
b) A sinusoidal modulating waveform of amplitude 5 V and a [7M]
frequency of 2 KHz is applied to FM generator, which has a
frequency sensitivity of 40 Hz/volt. Calculate the frequency
deviation, modulation index, and bandwidth.
UNIT-III
5. a) Explain briefly about Pulse Amplitude modulation with neat [7M]
diagram.
b) Explain in detail about elements of digital communication [7M]
systems.
(OR)
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 Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 1

6. a) Explain in detail about the elements of pulse code modulation. [7M]

b) What is companding in PCM and explain about companding [7M]
techniques in PCM.
UNIT-IV
7. a) Derive the Friis formula. [7M]
b) Point out the significance of pre-emphasis and deemphasis in [7M]
FM system.
(OR)
8. a) Describe in detail various sources of noise. [7M]
b) Express and derive the output SNR for FM reception. Also obtain [7M]
the figure of merit.
UNIT-V
9. a) What is Baseband binary data transmission system? Discuss [7M]
b) Explain various techniques to detect baseband digital signals. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) What is Nyquist’s criterion for distortion less transmission? [7M]
Explain
b) Explain how integrator is used to detect baseband digital [7M]
signals. Obtain an expression for SNR of integrator and dump
receiver

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Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 2

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to EEE,CSE,CSE(AI),CSE(AI&ML),CSE(DS).CSE(CS))
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) What is amplitude modulation? What are the frequency [7M]
components in an AM wave.
b) (a) Find µ for AM modulation index ma=0.5. (b) Show that for a [7M]
single-tone AM, µmax is 33.3% at ma =1.
(OR)
2. a) Explain in detail about Frequency division multiplexing with [7M]
neat sketch.
b) Calculate system bandwidth capacity in a FDM having 200 [7M]
users with individual bandwidth of 3 MHz.
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain in detail about wide band Frequency modulation with [7M]
neat diagrams.
b) Frequency modulated voltage wave is given by the equation : [7M]
e = 12 cos (6 × 108t + 5 sin 1250 t)
Find (i) carrier frequency (ii) signal frequency (iii) modulation
index (iv) maximum frequency deviation (v) power dissipated by
the FM wave in a 10-ohm resistor.
(OR)
4. a) Explain in detail about different types of FM demodulator. [7M]
b) A 25 MHz carrier is modulated by a 400Hz audio sine wave. If [7M]
the carrier voltage is 4V and the maximum frequency deviation
is 10 kHz, write down the voltage equation of the FM wave.
UNIT-III
5. a) Explain briefly about Pulse width modulation with neat diagram. [7M]
b) Consider two continuous-time sinusoidal signals given by x1(t) = [7M]
cos(ω1t) x2(t) = cos(ω2t), with frequencies ω1 and ω2
radians/second such that 0 ≤ ω1 ≤ π/T and 0 ≤ ω2 ≤ π/T. Show
that if ω1 ≠ω2 then Sampler T (x1) ≠ Sampler T (x2).
(OR)
6. a) Explain the effect of aliasing and define zero padding. [7M]
b) Compare and contrast pulse analog modulation and pulse digital [7M]
modulation.

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 Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 2

UNIT-IV
7. a) Discuss the noise performance of different types of AM receivers [7M]
in detail.
b) A white noise voltage of power spectral density Sin(f) = N0/2 is [7M]
fed to the low pass filter illustrated in Figure. For the output
noise, determine the expression for (a) the power spectral
density, (b) the autocorrelation function, and (c) the total power.

(OR)
8. a) Derive the noise figure for cascade stages. [7M]
b) Explain about thermal noise. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) What is a Baseband binary PAM system? Explain. [7M]
b) What do you mean by an Eye Diagram? What is the significance [7M]
of eye opening? What is Equalization?
(OR)
10. a) What is the effect of ISI? Explain. What are the remedies to [7M]
Reduce ISI? How can we measure ISI on CRO?
b) What is the meaning of word ‘RZ’. Explain. [7M]

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Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 3

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to EEE,CSE,CSE(AI),CSE(AI&ML),CSE(DS).CSE(CS))
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****

UNIT-I
1. a) i)Define transmission efficiency in AM wave and give the [7M]
expression of transmission efficiency
ii) What is the Band Width for AM wave?
b) The output signal from an AM modulator is: s(t) = 5cos(1800π t) [7M]
+ 20cos (2000π t) + 5cos (2200π t) (i) Determine the modulation
index. (ii) Determine the ratio of the power in the sidebands to
the power in the carrier.
(OR)
2. a) Draw the block diagram for the generation and demodulation of [7M]
a VSB signal and explain the principle of operation
b) Discuss the working principle of Ring modulator with neat [7M]
diagram..
UNIT-II
3. a) Explain in the detail about advantages and disadvantages of [7M]
Frequency Modulation.
b) Calculate the modulation index for an FM wave where the [7M]
maximum frequency deviation is 50 kHz and the modulating
frequency is 5 kHz.
(OR)
4. a) Explain the difference between Amplitude Modulation and [7M]
Frequency Modulation.
b) The carrier frequency in an FM modulator is 1000 kHz. If the [7M]
modulating frequency is 15 kHz, what are the first three upper
sideband and lower sideband frequencies?
UNIT-III
5. a) State and prove sampling theorem. [7M]
b) Determine the Nyquist rate of sampling required for a) ݃(‫ = )ݐ‬10 [7M]
cos 100ߨ‫ ݐ‬cos 200ߨ‫ ݐ‬b) ݃(‫ ݁ = )ݐ‬−2|‫( |ݐ‬approximate the BW
where|‫ |)߱(ܩ‬drops to value less than 0.1)
(OR)

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 Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 3

6. a) Explain in detail about Pulse Modulation Techniques. [7M]

b) A typical sample rate for voice signals is fs = 8000 [7M]
samples/second, so the sampling interval is T = 0.125
msec/sample. A continuous-time sinusoid with frequency 440
Hz, when sampled at this rate, is indistinguishable from a
continuous time sinusoid with frequency 8,440 Hz, when
sampled at this same rate.
UNIT-IV
7. a) Explain in detail about band pass noise with mathematical [7M]
expressions.
b) An amplifier has an input SNR of 12 dB. Calculate the noise [7M]
power at the input if the signal power is −40 dBm.
(OR)
8. a) Explain briefly about Linear CW Modulation with Noise with [7M]
mathematical analysis.
b) Derive the noise figure for cascade stages. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Explain the process of digital communication where a threshold [7M]
value is set at the receiver to reduce noise?
b) What is line coding? Explain the properties of line coding. [7M]
(OR)
10. a) Data is transmitted in 512 bytes. What is the average number of [7M]
errors expected if the system BER is 2:10,000.
b) Draw the block diagram that show the elements of baseband [7M]
binary PAM systems and explain.

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Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 4

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNICATIONS
(Common to EEE,CSE,CSE(AI),CSE(AI&ML),CSE(DS).CSE(CS))
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) Explain briefly about Double side band suppressed carrier [7M]
modulation. How can you obtain a DSB-SC signal.
b) Assume that the transmitter circuitry limits the modulated [7M]
output signal to a certain peak voltage value, say X volts. By
employing this transmitter, show that the sideband power of a
DSB-SC signal with a peak voltage of X is four times that of an
AM (DSB-LC) signal having the same peak voltage and 100%
modulation index, and is half that of a SSB-SC signal having the
same peak voltage.
(OR)
2. a) Explain in detail about Single Side Band Modulation. What are [7M]
the generating methods for SSB-SC signal?
b) A single-tone modulating wave m(t) =Amcos(2π fmt) is used to [7M]
generate the VSB modulated wave: s(t)=α AmAccos[2π (fc + fm) t]
+ AmAc(1-α)cos[2π (fc - fm) t], where α is a constant (α ≤ 1), Ac is
the amplitude of carrier, and fc is the frequency of carrier. (i)
Express s(t) in the form of I(t)cos(2πfc t)+ Q(t)sin(2πfc t), where
I(t) and Q(t) are called the in-phase and quadrature components.
(ii) What is the value of the constant α for which s(t) reduces to a
DSB-SC modulated wave? (iii) What are the values of the
constant α for which s(t) reduces to a SSB modulated wave? (iv)
The VSB wave s(t), plus a carrier Ac cos(2πfc t), is passed
through an envelope detector. Determine the distortion
produced.
UNIT-II
3. a) A carrier is phase modulated by a sinusoidal signal of 5 kHz and [7M]
unit amplitude and the peak phase deviation is one radian.
Calculate the bandwidth of the PM signal. (a)Using Carson's
rule. (b) Using the definition of significant sidebands.
b) In an FM system, when the audio frequency (AF) is 500 Hz and [7M]
the AF voltage is 2.4V, the frequency deviation is 4.8 kHz. If the
AF voltage is now increased to 7.2V, what is the new frequency
deviation? If the AF voltage is raised to 10V while the AF is
dropped to 200 Hz, what is the deviation? Find the modulation
index in each case.
(OR)

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 Code No: R203104N R20 SET - 4

4. a) Derive an expression for single tone FM wave and Narrowband [7M]

FM wave.
b) When the modulating frequency in an FM system is 400Hz and [7M]
the modulating voltage is 2.4 v, the modulation index is 60.
Calculate the maximum deviation. What is the modulation index
when the modulating frequency is reduced to 250 Hz and
modulating voltage simultaneously raised to 3.2 v?
UNIT-III
5. a) Explain the effect of sampling on a signal spectrum. [7M]
b) A real-valued sinusoidal signal with a negative frequency is [7M]
always exactly equal to another sinusoid with positive frequency.
Consider a real-valued sinusoid with a negative frequency −440
Hz, y(n) = cos(−2π440nT +φ). Find a positive frequency f and
phase θ such that y(n) = cos(2π f nT +θ).
(OR)
6. a) Explain briefly about Pulse position modulation with neat [7M]
diagram.
b) Determine the Nyquist rate of the sampling for the signal: ݃(‫= )ݐ‬ [7M]
10 cos 100ߨ‫ ݐ‬+ 15 cos 150ߨ‫ ݐ‬+ 5ܿ‫ݏ݋‬300ߨt
UNIT-IV
7. a) Explain briefly about angle CW Modulation with Noise with [7M]
mathematical analysis.
b) Define the following [7M]
i. Capture effect
ii. FM Threshold effect
(OR)
8. a) Explain about super heterodyne receiver with neat diagrams. [7M]
b) What is narrowband noise discuss the properties of the [7M]
Quadrature components of a narrowband noise.
UNIT-V
9. a) Derive an expression for error probability for an optimum filter. [7M]
b) Explain what is matched filter. How it differs from optimum [7M]
filter?
(OR)
10. a) Derive an expression for impulse response of matched filter. [7M]
b) What is correlator? Explain the differences and similarity [7M]
between correlator and matched filter.

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 Code No: R203105H R20 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
(Common to EEE,ME,ECE)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1. a) Define data abstraction and discuss levels of abstraction [7M]
b) Design ER Diagram which describes the functionalities of online [7M]
banking system.
(OR)
2. a) Discuss in brief about the characteristics of DBMS? [7M]
b) Describe the Structure of DBMS with neat Diagram? [7M]
UNIT-II
3. Define the following terms and give an example in ER diagram: [14M]
attribute, domain, entity, relationship, entity set, relationship set,
one-to-many relationship, many-to-many relationship, weak entity
set, and aggregation.
(OR)
4. Draw the E-R Diagram for Library Management System. [14M]
UNIT-III
5. Define Relational Model? How to create and modify the relations [14M]
using SQL with an Example.
(OR)
6. a) Explain Querying Relational Data with an Example. [7M]
b) Explain Enforcing Integrity Constraints with an Example. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7. Consider the following relational schema [14M]
Employee (empno, name, office, age)
Books (isbn, title, authors, publisher)
Loan (empno, isbn, date)
Write the following queries in relational algebra.
a) Find the names of employees who have borrowed a book
Published
by McGraw-Hill.
b) Find the names of employees who have borrowed all
books Published by McGraw-Hill.
c) Find the names of employees who have borrowed more
than five
Different books published by McGraw-Hill.
d) For each publisher, find the names of employees who
have
Borrowed?
(OR)
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 Code No: R203105H R20 SET - 1

8. a) Describe various Aggregation Operations in SQL. [7M]

b) Define Trigger? Explain Trigger with examples. [7M]
UNIT-V
9. a) Explain the purpose of Normalization and Schema Refinement. [7M]
b) Explain the role of minimal cover for set of FDs in 3rd Normal [7M]
Form.
(OR)
10. Define Normalization? Explain 1NF, 2NF, 3NF and giving [14M]
Examples.

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 Code No: R1931025 R19 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Dec/Jan – 2022-23

MICROPROCESSORS AND MICROCONTROLLERS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1 a) Describe in detail about the register organization of 8086 microprocessor. [8M]
b) List out the assembler directives of 8086, and explain them? [7M]
(OR)
2 a) Explain with examples various addressing modes of 8086 instruction set with [8M]
suitable instruction format?
b) Explain the architecture of 8086 microprocessor with a neat sketch. [7M]
UNIT-II
3 a) Draw 8255 internal architecture and explain? [8M]
b) Explain the operation of a parallel comparator A/D converter. [7M]
(OR)
4 a) Draw and explain the 8086 timing diagram during the read operation. [8M]
b) Develop a program to rotate the stepper motor continuously in clock wise [7M]
direction by interfacing stepper motor module to microprocessor.
UNIT-III
5. a) Draw and discuss the internal architecture of 8259? [8M]
b) Draw the internal architecture of USART 8251 and explain its different status, [7M]
mode and control formats in detail.
(OR)
6 a) What is the need for DMA data transfer? [8M]
b) Explain the diagram of 8259 PIC. [7M]
UNIT-IV
7 a) Discuss about the baud rate in the 8051. [8M]
b) Draw the architectural diagram of 8051 microcontroller and explain in detail [7M]
about each block.
(OR)
8 a) Explain the operation of linear counter functions. [8M]
b) Discuss the internal and external interrupts in 8051? [7M]
UNIT-V
9 a) List the interrupts supported by PIC 16C61 and discuss them in brief? [8M]
b) Design a 16F8XX program to write a byte into the program memory. [7M]
(OR)
10 a) Write an initialization program to enable all of the interrupts in 16C74. [8M]
b) What do you mean by the prescaling of PIC timers? What is the advantage of [7M]
doing so?
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 Code No: R1931354 R19 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Dec/Jan -2022-23

FARM MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT -I
(Agricultural Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions ONE Question from Each unit
All Questions Carry Equal Marks
*****
UNIT-I
1 a) What is Farm Mechanization? List out detailed classification of Farm [8M]
Machines.
b) A plough covers 1.2 m swath width at 3.5 kmph forward speed. Find the [7M]
theoretical and effective field capacity if plough operates at field efficiency of
60%.
(OR)
2 a) Explain about different heat treatment processes for metals. [8M]
b) What are different methods for estimating the depreciation? Explain about [7M]
straight line method.
UNIT-II
3 a) Explain about disc harrows with line diagrams. [8M]
b) How many acres can be covered by a harrow of 1.5 m width in a day of 8 hours [7M]
with bullock power. If each spike of the harrow is giving 1 kg resistance when
there are 50 spikes. What power would be necessary for the bullocks to pull the
harrow. (Assume speed of Bullock).
(OR)
4 a) Explain about standard disc plough. [8M]
b) Explain different plough accessories. [7M]
UNIT-III
5. a) What are the commonly used excavation equipment? Define percent swell, [8M]
percent shrinkage and swell & shrinkage factors.
b) The capacity of a truck is 12.25 cu.m of earth. If the earth weights 1762 [7M]
kg/cu.m in situ and 1506 kg/cu.m loose what is the capacity of the truck
expressed in cu.m bank measure.
(OR)
6 a) Draw and explain ladder type trenching machine. [8M]
b) Explain different operations performed by bulldozers. List out job and [7M]
management factors for estimating the ideal output.
UNIT-IV
7 a) Explain different seed metering mechanisms Explain about any one of them. [8M]
b) List out different sprayers and explain about rocker sprayer. [7M]
(OR)
8 a) Explain calibration of seed drill and what are the functions of seed drill. [8M]
b) The following results are obtained while calibrating a seed drill. Calculate the [7M]
seed rate per ha. Number of furrous:10, spacing between furrows:20cm,
diameter of drive whel:1.5m, speed:500rpm, seed collected:20kg.

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 Code No: R1931354 R19 SET - 1

UNIT-V
9 a) Calculate the time required to spray 8.0 ha of a field crop by 16 X 40 cm boom [8M]
sprayer operated at a speed of 7 kmph. Time lost in turning is 12 % and tank
filling 8%.
b) Explain about manual Rice Transplanter. [7M]
(OR)
10 a) Classify rice transplanters and explain riding type rice transplanters. [8M]
b) What is dusting and explain belly mounted duster. [7M]

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 Code No: R1631025 R16 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Dec/Jan – 2022-23

POWER ELECTRONICS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. AnswerALL the question in Part-A
3. Answer any FOUR Questions from Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A (14 Marks)
1. a) Define Latching current with illustration. [2M]
b) What is the effect of connecting freewheeling diode across R-L load in [2M]
controlled rectifiers?
c) What is meant by Duty cycle? [2M]
d) What is an AC chopper? [3M]
e) Write the applications of inverter. [2M]
f) Draw the basic structure of TRIAC and its circuit symbol. [3M]
PART –B (56 Marks)
2. a) Draw dynamic characteristics of SCR during turn off. Explain how turn off [7M]
process can be carried out?
b) Explain the operation of IGBT with VI and switching characteristics. [7M]

3. a) Describe with neat circuit diagram and associated waveforms, operation of a 1- [7M]
phase half wave-controlled converter with Inductive load.
b) A single phase fully rectifier is used to supply power to load having impedance [7M]
200 ohms and 150 mH, from 230V, 50Hz, ac supply at a firing angle of 90
degrees. Calculate i) Average values of output voltage and current and ii) RMS
values of output voltage and current.

4. a) Explain the operation of 3- phase half-wave converter for resistive load with [7M]
necessary waveform and circuit diagram
b) A 3 phase fully controlled bridge rectifier is operating from a 400V, 50 Hz [7M]
supply. The load is highly inductive and current constant and continuous. Find
the load voltage at firing angle of 45 deg.

5. a) Derive the expression for the output voltage of step-up chopper. [7M]
b) A class-A chopper circuit has a load resistance of 100 ohms, capacitance of 10 [7M]
micro farads and inductance of 10 mH. Find the time for which thyristor will
remain in ON state. What will be the turn ON time if the load resistance is
decreased to 25 ohms.

6. a) Explain the operation of single pulse modulation of inverter with neat diagram. [7M]
b) A three-phase bridge inverter delivers power to a resistive load from a 400V DC [7M]
source. For a star connected load of 8Ω per phase, determine RMS value of load
current and RMS value of thyristor current for 1200 conduction mode of
operation.

7. a) Explain the various modes of operation of TRIAC with the help of equivalent [7M]
circuits and relevant waveforms.
b) Explain the working of TRIAC as 1-phase voltage controller with RL load and [7M]
draw the relevant waveforms.
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 Code No: R1631045 R16 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Dec/Jan – 2022-23

ANTENNA AND WAVE PROPAGATION
(Electronics and Communication Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. Answer ALL the question in Part-A
3. Answer any FOUR Questions from Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A (14 Marks)
1. a) Find effective height if antenna length is λ/10. [2M]
b) Define radiation resistance. [2M]
c) Calculate the number of elements required to design a linear array of length [2M]
50λ with d=λ/2.
d) Explain the significance of long length antennas. [3M]
e) Differentiate between wire grid reflectors and corner reflectors. [3M]
f) Define critical frequency and MUF. [2M]
PART –B (56 Marks)
2. a) Explain the radiation mechanism in short dipole. [7M]
b) Explain the following: [7M]
(i) Main lobes and side lobes (ii) Beamwidths

3. a) Estimate the directivity of a half-wave dipole antenna? [7M]

b) What are the main characteristics of a radiated wave in far field region? The [7M]
components of a wave in far field region are Eθ=3mV/m and Eϕ=4mV/m.
Calculate the total electric and magnetic field in free space.

4. a) An array consists of two collinear λ/2 dipoles with λ spacing. Determine gain [7M]
and beam width of the major lobe between 3dB points in the plane containing
the array.
b) Explain the significance and characteristics of an EFA with increased [7M]
directivity.

5. a) Explain the design procedure of rectangular patch antenna. [7M]

b) Explain the working principle of helical antenna in various modes. [7M]

6. a) Distinguish between sectoral, pyramidal and conical horns, with neat sketches. [7M]
List out their utility and applications
b) Classify the lens antenna? Explain the function of lens antennas. [7M]

7. a) Draw the equivalent circuit of a ground? Explain the effect of wave tilt in [7M]
ground wave propagation.
b) Explain the principle of operation of troposcatter of communication. [7M]

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 Code No: R1631055 R16 SET - 1

III B. Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Dec/Jan – 2022-23

OPERATING SYSTEMS
(Common to Computer Science Engineering, Information Technology)
Time: 3 hours Max. Marks: 70
Note: 1. Question Paper consists of two parts (Part-A and Part-B)
2. Answer ALL the question in Part-A
3. Answer any FOUR Questions from Part-B
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
PART –A (14 Marks)
1. a) Write about Dual-Mode and Multimode Operation in Operating System.
[2M]
b) What are the key differences between Preemptive and Non-Preemptive
Scheduling? [2M]
c) How do you calculate Miss rate and Hit rate?
[2M]
d) State and explain the Critical-Section problem.
[3M]
e) Explain the characteristics of Two-level directory system.
[3M]
f) Write about Interrupt and System call.
[2M]
PART –B (56 Marks)
2. a) Summarize the Classifications and functions of Operating System. [7M]
b) Explain the activities of Operating System in connection with Memory and [7M]
Process management.
3. a) Draw and explain five state process model. [7M]
b) Write the important characteristics of Round Robin Scheduling algorithm. [7M]
And demonstrate its performance for the following workload in a system with
time quantum = 2 units.
Consider the set of 5 processes whose arrival time and burst time are given
below
Process Id Arrival time Burst time
P1 5 5
P2 4 6
P3 3 7
P4 1 9
P5 2 2
P6 6 3

Draw a Gantt chart illustrating the execution of these jobs and also Calculate
the average waiting and average turnaround times.

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 Code No: R1631055 R16 SET - 1

4. a) What are the causes for External and Internal fragmentation? Suggest [7M]
solutions to the fragmentation problem.
b) Explain the LRU and Optimal page replacement algorithms. [7M]
5. a) Discuss various approaches for breaking a Deadlock. [4M]
b) What is meant by Starvation in Dining philosopher problem? Suggest a [10M]
solution to solve this problem using Semaphores.

6. a) Explain Indexed file allocation method and discuss its advantages and [7M]
disadvantages.
b) Briefly discuss various Disk-scheduling algorithms. [7M]

7. a) Explain the characteristics and components of LINUX. [7M]

b) Describe the features of Android and its architecture. [7M]

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