ABSTRACT

The e-commerce platform for fisheries presented in this project serves as a

comprehensive solution catering to the needs of customers, dealers, and fish mongers

within the fishing industry. This platform facilitates seamless interaction and

transactional processes among stakeholders while integrating innovative features such as

real-time auctions and dealer connectivity across various states.

Users are provided with distinct roles and permissions, ensuring tailored access to

functionalities based on their requirements. Product listings include detailed information

on fish species, quantity, size, and price, allowing customers to browse and place orders

efficiently. Robust search and filtering options enable users to find specific fish products

based on their preferences.

The real-time auction feature adds excitement and competitiveness to the platform,

allowing dealers to auction off their products to interested buyers. Customers can

participate in bidding and track auction activity in real-time. A messaging system

facilitates communication between users for inquiries, negotiations, and order updates,

enhancing the overall user experience.

Secure payment processing is ensured through integration with popular payment

gateways supporting multiple payment methods. Dealers can manage shipping and order

fulfillment, providing customers with tracking information for their orders. A feedback

and ratings system promotes trust and credibility within the platform by allowing users

to review products and dealers.

1
III
LIST OF FIGURES:

➢ UML Diagrams

➢ Preloading

➢ User Selection

➢ Main Page

➢ Customer Interface

➢ Admin Login

➢ Admin Interface

2
III
 TABLE OF CONTENT

CHAPTER NO TITLE PAGE NO

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I
ABSTRACT II
TABLE OF CONTENT III

LIST OF FIGURES IV
1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 General 2
1.2 Website Process 3
1.3 Rationale 3
1.4 Objectives 3

2 LITERATURE SURVEY 6
3 SYSTEM ANALISYS 10
11
3.1 Existing system
3.2 Proposed system 12

4 SYSTEM REQUIREMENT 13

4.1 Hardware Requirements 13

4 . 2 Software requirement 13

5 SYSTEM DESIGN 14
5.1 System Architecture 14
5.2 Use Case Diagram 15

5.3 Activity Diagram 16

5.4 Sequence Diagram 17

5.5 Entity Relationship Diagram 17

3
III
6 MODULES DESCRIPTION 18

6.1 User Authentication 19

6.2 Product Management 20

6.3 Order Processing and Tracking 21

6.4 Inventory Management 22

23
6.5 Payment Processing
6.6 User Review and Ratings 24

DOMAIN EXPLANATION 25
7
8 SOURCE CODE 32
9 SNAPSHOT / OUTPUT 43
10 TESTING 48
10.1 System Testing

10.2 Type of Testing

10.3 Unit Testing
10.4 Integration Testing
10.5 Acceptance Testing
52
11 LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION
11.1 PHP
11.2 Characteristics of PHP
11.3 Tools Description
11.4 Xampp Server

12 CONCLUSION
54
REFERENCES 55
13

4
III
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 General

Our e-commerce platform revolutionizes the fisheries industry, offering seamless

interaction between customers, dealers, and fish mongers. With cutting-edge features
like real-time auctions and dealer connectivity across states, it redefines the way fish
products are bought and sold. Users enjoy tailored roles and permissions, ensuring
efficient access to functionalities. Detailed product listings and robust search options
streamline the browsing and ordering process. Secure payment gateways and shipping
management ensure a smooth transaction experience. This project aims to elevate the
fishing industry by providing a user-friendly, efficient, and secure online marketplace.

1.2 Fish OO Fish

The process of this project begins with thorough research into the needs and
challenges of the fisheries industry. Next, a detailed project plan is developed, outlining
the scope, timeline, and resources required. The development phase involves designing
and implementing the platform's features, including user roles, product listings, auction
functionality, and communication tools. Rigorous testing and refinement ensure a robust
and user-friendly experience. Finally, the platform is deployed, followed by continuous
monitoring, updates, and support to ensure its smooth operation and ongoing success in
facilitating transactions within the fishing industry.

Requirement Analysis:-

Gather requirements from stakeholders to determine the functionalities and features

needed for the platform.

5
III
 Design and Development:-

Design the architecture and user interface, followed by development, testing, and
iteration of the e-commerce platform.

Integration and Deployment: -

Integrate necessary components such as payment gateways and shipping systems,

then deploy the platform to a production environment.

User Training and Support: -

Provide training to users on how to navigate and utilize the platform effectively,
and offer ongoing support for any technical issues or inquiries.

Monitoring and Maintenance: -

Continuously monitor the platform's performance, security, and user feedback, and
perform regular maintenance and updates to ensure optimal functionality and user
satisfaction.

1.3 Rationale

The rationale behind this project lies in addressing the inefficiencies and challenges
prevalent in the fisheries industry through the adoption of modern e-commerce
solutions.

By developing an online platform that connects customers, dealers, and fish mongers,
we aim to streamline the process of buying and selling fish products, transcending
geographical limitations and traditional market constraints.

6
III
1.4 Objectives

Enhanced Market Accessibility:

Facilitate access to a wider market for fish products by connecting dealers and fish
mongers across various states, promoting economic growth and market expansion.

Efficient Transactional Processes:

Streamline the buying and selling process through the implementation of real-time
auctions and secure payment gateways, ensuring efficient and transparent transactions
for all parties involved.

Improved User Experience:

Prioritize user satisfaction by providing a user-friendly interface, robust search

functionalities, and comprehensive product listings, enhancing the overall browsing and
purchasing experience.

Promotion of Transparency and Trust:

Foster transparency and trust within the platform by implementing a feedback and
ratings system, allowing users to provide and access reviews on products and dealers,
thereby promoting accountability and reliability.

Sustainable Industry Practices:

Promote sustainability within the fisheries industry by encouraging responsible

fishing practices and facilitating access to markets for environmentally conscious
products, contributing to long-term environmental and economic viability.

7
III
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

Citing Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & R. van der Laan (eds) 2024. ESCHMEYER'S
CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES
REFERENCE:

A summary paper was published in 2020 from Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes database
that might be of interest to users of the Catalog.

NOTES

Many scientific names of fish species are based on personal names; some were
found to be incorrect. For example, Jordan and co-workers spelled Japanese names
ending in "a" with a terminal "e" as in matsubarae; that is acceptable, with the name
Latinized first. So those names do not end in "i". Remarks are provided by Eschmeyer
in this version for most species based on personal names. For a review of this very
technical subject, see Dubois 2007: Zootaxa No. 1550:49-68.

The literature survey for this project involves exploring existing research on e-
commerce platforms, fisheries management practices, online marketplace trends, and
user experience design. By analyzing relevant studies, insights can be gained into
auction mechanisms, payment integration, supply chain optimization, and regulatory
compliance, guiding the development of a robust and sustainable e-commerce platform
tailored to the fisheries industry's unique needs.

Review literature on e-commerce platforms, including their architecture,

functionalities, user interfaces, and best practices for developing and managing such
platforms.
8
III
Fisheries Management:

Investigate studies on fisheries management practices, including market dynamics,

supply chain management, sustainability initiatives, and regulatory frameworks
governing the fishing industry.

Online Marketplace Trends:

Analyze research on trends and innovations in online marketplaces, particularly

within niche industries such as agriculture and seafood, to identify emerging
technologies and strategies relevant to the project.

User Experience and Interface Design:

Explore literature on user experience (UX) design principles and interface design
considerations for e-commerce platforms, focusing on enhancing usability,
accessibility, and engagement for diverse user groups.

Auction Mechanisms and Pricing Strategies:

Examine studies on auction mechanisms and pricing strategies used in online

marketplaces, with a specific focus on real-time auctions for perishable goods like fish
and seafood.

Payment Gateway Integration and Security:

Investigate literature on payment gateway integration, transaction security

protocols, and fraud prevention measures relevant to e-commerce platforms, ensuring
secure and seamless payment processing for buyers and sellers.

9
III
REFERENCE:
Alfnes, F., Chen, X., & Rickertsen, K. (2018). Labeling farmed seafood: A
review. Aquaculture-Economics&Management, 22(1),1–26.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13657305.2017.1356398

NOTES:
Food labels help consumers choose products in line with their food attitudes and
preferences. As the market for farmed seafood grows, it is important for producers to
meet consumer demand for credence characteristics like safety, nutrition, origin, and
sustainability.

GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAIN:

In an era of food globalization, the traditional local food supply chain is a thing of the
past. With a more informed consumer combined with technological advancements we
are seeing a transition from local supply chains to global food supply networks. This
has resulted in an increased regulatory response to try to meet the demands of these
heterogeneous, globalized and highly distributed systems (Coulomb, 2008). Current
food logistics systems are not meeting global food requirements.

MATERIALS AND METHODS :

To meet the research objectives, we had to make several methodological choices. First
was to adopt positivistic research philosophy since we were aiming to use mainly
deductive approach and test previous theories and empirically tested models of
technology acceptance. Positivism is a research philosophy which uses existing theory
to develop hypotheses and then collect data for analysis (Saunders et al. 2016). The
second choice was to use survey data collection strategy and cross-sectional time
horizons for our research. That is to say, we adopted online questionnaire and collected
data in a single period of time. Specifically, in October 2017. To test hypothesized
model, Likert scales were used to measure theoretical constructs.
10
III
 CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM ANALISYS

3.1 EXISTING SYSTEM:-

The existing system of the e-commerce platform for fisheries may vary based on the
specific requirements and functionalities already implemented. However, here is a
detailed overview of the components typically found in such a system:

❖ User Management:

The existing system likely includes a user management module responsible for
handling user registration, authentication, and profile management. It allows users to
create accounts, log in securely, and manage their personal information.

❖ Product Management:

This module enables dealers and fish mongers to add, update, and remove fish
products from the platform. It includes functionalities for uploading product images,
specifying product details (e.g., species, quantity, size), setting prices, and managing
inventory levels.

❖ Search and Filtering:

The system provides users with robust search and filtering capabilities to find
specific fish products efficiently. Users can search by various criteria such as species,
location, price range, and availability, and apply filters to refine their search results.

❖ Order Management:

The existing system includes an order management module that facilitates the
processing and fulfillment of customer orders.

11
III
❖ Auction System:

If auctions are part of the platform, there will be a dedicated module for conducting
real-time auctions. This module allows dealers to list products for auction, specify
auction parameters (e.g., starting price, duration), and monitor bidding activity in real-
time. Customers can participate in auctions by placing bids and monitoring auction
progress.

❖ Messaging and Communication:

The system includes a messaging system that enables communication between users
(e.g., customers, dealers, fish mongers) for inquiries, negotiations, and order updates. It
provides a convenient way for users to communicate within the platform without relying
on external communication channels.

❖ Payment Processing:

An integrated payment gateway allows users to make secure online payments for
their purchases. The system supports multiple payment methods (e.g., credit/debit cards,
digital wallets) and ensures transaction security through encryption and compliance with
payment card industry (PCI) standards.

❖ Shipping and Delivery:

The system facilitates the management of shipping and delivery processes, including
generating shipping labels, calculating shipping costs, and providing tracking
information to customers. Dealers can manage order fulfillment and coordinate with
shipping carriers to ensure timely delivery of orders.

12
III
3.1.1 DISADVANTAGE

❖ Limited scalability:

The existing system may struggle to handle increasing numbers of users, products,
and transactions, leading to performance issues during peak times.

❖ Lack of advanced features:

Some advanced functionalities such as real-time bidding, personalized

recommendations, and predictive analytics may be missing, limiting user engagement
and satisfaction.

❖ Security vulnerabilities:

The system might have security loopholes or outdated security measures, putting user
data and transactions at risk of unauthorized access or breaches.

❖ Complexity and maintenance challenges:

The complexity of the existing system architecture and codebase may make
maintenance and updates cumbersome, leading to higher costs and longer development
cycles for implementing new features or fixing issues.

13
III
3.2PROPOSED SYSTEM:-

The proposed system for the e-commerce platform for fisheries aims to address the
limitations of the existing system while enhancing its functionalities and user
experience. Here's an overview of the proposed system:

❖ Scalable Infrastructure:

Implement a scalable infrastructure that can efficiently handle increasing user traffic,
product listings, and transaction volumes, ensuring optimal performance and reliability
even during peak periods.

❖ Advanced Features:

Introduce advanced features such as real-time bidding for auctions, personalized

product recommendations based on user preferences and purchase history, and
predictive analytics to anticipate market trends and optimize inventory management.

❖ Enhanced Security Measures:

Strengthen security measures to protect user data and transactions by implementing

robust encryption techniques, multi-factor authentication, and continuous security
monitoring to detect and prevent potential threats or breaches.

❖ Simplified User Experience:

Streamline the user experience with intuitive navigation, responsive design for
seamless access across devices, and improved search and filtering capabilities to help
users find and purchase fish products more efficiently.

14
III
❖ Integrated Communication Channels:

Enhance communication channels between users by integrating chatbots, live chat

support, and notifications for order updates, inquiries, and feedback, ensuring prompt
and efficient communication throughout the purchasing process.

❖ Optimized Payment Processing:

Optimize payment processing with a variety of secure payment options, seamless

checkout experiences, and integration with leading payment gateways to provide users
with convenient and reliable payment methods.

❖ Comprehensive Analytics and Reporting:

Implement comprehensive analytics and reporting tools to empower dealers with

insights into sales performance, customer behavior, and market trends, enabling data-
driven decision-making and strategic planning.

❖ Continuous Improvement and Updates:

Establish a framework for continuous improvement and updates, including regular

software updates, feature enhancements based on user feedback, and proactive
monitoring of system performance and user satisfaction to ensure ongoing optimization
and innovation.

15
III
3.2.1 ADVANTAGE
❖ Scalability:

The proposed system offers scalable infrastructure, enabling seamless expansion to

accommodate growing user bases, product catalogs, and transaction volumes without
compromising performance or user experience.

❖ Enhanced User Experience:

With intuitive navigation, responsive design, and advanced features such as real-time
bidding and personalized recommendations, the proposed system delivers a superior
user experience, increasing user engagement and satisfaction.

❖ Improved Security:

Robust security measures, including encryption, multi-factor authentication, and

continuous monitoring, enhance data protection and transaction security, fostering trust
among users and mitigating the risk of breaches or unauthorized access.

❖ Efficient Communication Channels:

Integrated communication channels such as chatbots, live chat support, and notifications
facilitate seamless interaction between users, enabling prompt responses to inquiries,
order updates, and feedback, enhancing overall communication efficiency.

❖ Optimized Payment Processing:

The system offers optimized payment processing with a variety of secure payment
options and seamless checkout experiences, ensuring convenient and reliable
transactions for users while reducing payment processing complexities for dealers.

❖ Data-Driven Decision-Making:

Comprehensive analytics and reporting tools empower dealers with actionable insights
into sales performance.

16
III
 CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

4.1 Hardware Requirements:

➢ Processor - i5/i7/i9
➢ RAM - 8 GB(Min)
➢ Storage - HDD/SSD
➢ Working Station

4.2 Software Requirements:

➢ Operating System: Windows 10 or 11.

➢ Application Server : XAMPP Server.
➢ Tool : Visual Studio Code.
➢ Front End : Html, Css, php, Java Script
➢ Back End : Python.

17
III
 CHAPTER 5
SYSTEM DESIGN
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

5.1 USECASE DIAGRAM:

18
III
5.1 ACTIVITY DIAGRAM

19
III
5.1 Sequence Diagram

20
III
5.2 Entity relationship Diagram

21
III
 CHAPTER 6

MODULES DESCRIPTION

6.1 MODULE

❖ User Registration and Authentication

❖ Product Management

❖ Order Processing and Tracking

❖ Inventory Management

❖ Payment Processing

❖ User Review and Ratings

6.2 User Registration and Authentication:

User registration and authentication are crucial components of the e-commerce

platform for fisheries, ensuring secure access to the platform's functionalities and
protecting user data. Here's a detailed overview of how user registration and
authentication are implemented in this project:

User Registration Process:

Users, including customers, dealers, and fish mongers, can initiate the registration
process by providing necessary information such as name, email address, contact
details, and password.

The registration form may include validation checks to ensure the accuracy and
completeness of the provided information, such as verifying the format of email
addresses and enforcing password strength requirements.

22
III
 User Authentication Process:
Once registered, users can authenticate themselves to access the platform's features
by logging in using their registered email address or username and password. The
system verifies the user's credentials against the stored user database to authenticate
their identity.

6.3 Product Management:

Product management in the e-commerce platform for fisheries involves the efficient
management of fish products listed on the platform, ensuring accurate representation,
availability, and seamless transactions for users. Here are five important points related
to product management in this project.

Product Listings:
Dealers and fish mongers can create and manage product listings for various fish
species, including details such as species name, quantity, size, weight, price, and
location.

Each product listing may include descriptive information, images, and relevant
metadata to provide users with comprehensive information about the fish products
available for purchase.

Inventory Management:
The system tracks inventory levels for each fish product listed on the platform,
allowing dealers to monitor stock availability and update inventory quantities in real-
time.

Automated notifications or alerts may be implemented to notify dealers when

inventory levels are low or when products are out of stock, enabling timely restocking
and inventory management.

23
III
Product Categorization and Tagging:
Fish products may be categorized and tagged based on various criteria such as
species, location, freshness, and price range, facilitating easy navigation and search for
users.

Categories and tags help users to quickly find relevant fish products and explore
related items, enhancing the browsing experience and increasing the likelihood of
product discovery and purchase.

Product Updates and Management:

Dealers can update product listings to reflect changes in availability, pricing, or
product attributes, ensuring that users have access to accurate and up-to-date
information.

Product management functionalities allow dealers to edit, deactivate, or remove

product listings as needed, providing flexibility in managing their inventory and
offerings on the platform.

Quality Assurance and Compliance:

The platform may implement quality assurance measures to ensure that listed fish
products meet certain standards of freshness, quality, and compliance with regulatory
requirements.

Dealers and fish mongers may be required to provide information about sourcing
practices, handling procedures, and any certifications (e.g., sustainable fishing
certifications) to enhance transparency and build trust among users.

24
III
6.4 Order Processing and Tracking:
Order processing and tracking are essential components of the e-commerce
platform for fisheries, ensuring efficient fulfillment of customer orders and providing
visibility into order status. Here are five important points related to order processing and
tracking in this project:

Order Placement:
Customers can place orders for fish products through the platform by adding
desired items to their shopping cart and proceeding to checkout.
The checkout process collects necessary information from customers, such as shipping
address, contact details, and preferred payment method, to complete the order
placement.
Order Confirmation and Notification:
Upon successful order placement, customers receive an order confirmation email
or notification, providing details such as order number, items purchased, total amount,
and estimated delivery date.
Dealers and fish mongers also receive notifications or alerts informing them of new
orders, allowing them to prepare and fulfill the orders promptly.
Order Fulfillment:
Dealers and fish mongers are responsible for fulfilling customer orders by
packaging the purchased fish products, preparing them for shipment, and arranging for
delivery to the specified shipping address.
The platform may include order management tools that streamline the fulfillment
process, allowing dealers to view, process, and manage orders efficiently.
Shipping and Delivery:
The platform integrates with shipping carriers or logistics partners to facilitate the
shipping and delivery of customer orders.

25
III
 Order Tracking and Updates:
Customers can track the status of their orders through the platform's order tracking
feature, which provides visibility into order processing, shipping, and delivery stages.
Order tracking may include order status updates (e.g., order received, order
shipped, order delivered), estimated delivery dates, and shipment tracking links or codes
for real-time tracking.
6.5 Inventory Management
Inventory management is crucial for the efficient operation of the e-commerce
platform for fisheries, ensuring accurate tracking of fish products, optimizing stock
levels, and minimizing inventory costs. Here are five important points related to
inventory management in this project:

Real-time Inventory Tracking:

The platform maintains real-time tracking of inventory levels for each fish product
listed on the platform. Inventory quantities are automatically updated as orders are
placed, fulfilled, and inventory is replenished, providing accurate visibility into
available stock at all times.

Stock Replenishment and Alerts:

Automated alerts and notifications are implemented to notify dealers and fish
mongers when inventory levels for specific products fall below predefined thresholds.
Dealers can set up automated stock replenishment processes or manually restock
inventory to ensure products remain available for purchase.

Inventory Optimization:
Inventory management tools and algorithms are used to analyze demand patterns,
sales data, and seasonal trends to optimize stock levels and prevent overstocking or
stockouts.
26
III
 Integration with Suppliers:
The platform integrates with suppliers, distributors, and fishery partners to
streamline procurement processes and maintain a consistent supply of fish products.
Suppliers can update inventory availability, pricing, and product information directly
within the platform, ensuring accurate and up-to-date inventory data for users.

6.6 Payment Processing:

Payment processing is a critical aspect of the e-commerce platform for fisheries,

facilitating secure and convenient transactions between buyers and sellers. Here are two
important points related to payment processing in this project:

Secure Payment Gateway Integration:

The platform integrates with reputable payment gateways such as PayPal, Stripe,
or Authorize.Net to securely process online payments.

Payment gateway integration ensures that sensitive payment information, such as

credit card details, is encrypted and transmitted securely between the user's browser and
the payment processor, adhering to industry standards for payment security.

Multiple Payment Methods Support:

The platform supports multiple payment methods to accommodate diverse
customer preferences and ensure accessibility for users.

Customers can choose from various payment options such as credit/debit cards,
digital wallets (e.g., PayPal, Apple Pay)

27
III
6.6 User Review and Ratings
User reviews and ratings play a crucial role in enhancing trust and credibility within
the e-commerce platform for fisheries. Here are two important points related to user
reviews and ratings in this project:

Feedback Mechanism:
The platform provides a feedback mechanism where users can submit reviews and
ratings for fish products and dealers based on their purchasing experience.
Users can share their opinions, comments, and feedback about the quality,
freshness, and service provided by dealers, helping other users make informed
purchasing decisions.

Transparency and Trust-building:

User reviews and ratings contribute to transparency and trust-building within the
platform by providing authentic insights into the quality and reliability of fish products
and dealers.
Positive reviews and high ratings serve as endorsements, while constructive
feedback and suggestions help dealers improve their products and services, fostering a
positive and trustworthy online marketplace environment.

28
III
 CHAPTER 7

DOMAIN EXPLANATION

DBMS

Database Management System or DBMS in short refers to the technology of

storing and retrieving users’ data with utmost efficiency along with appropriate security
measures. DBMS allows its users to create their own databases as per their requirement.
These databases are highly configurable and offer a bunch of options.

29
III
 Database is a collection of related data and data is a collection of facts and figures
that can be processed to produce information. Mostly data represents recordable facts.
Data aids in producing information, which is based on facts. For example, if we have data
aboutmarks obtained by all students, we can then conclude about toppers andaverage
marks.

7.1 CHARACTERISTICS
Traditionally, data was organized in file formats. DBMSwas a new concept then, and
all the research was done to make it overcome the deficiencies in traditional style of
data management. A modern DBMS has the following characteristics:

❖ Real-world entity: A modern DBMS is more realistic and uses real-world entities to

design its architecture. It uses the behavior and attributes too. For example, a school
database may usestudents as an entity and their age as an attribute.

❖ Relation-based tables: DBMS allows entities and relations among them to form tables.
A user can understand the architecture of a database just by looking at the table names.

❖ Isolation of data and application: A database system is entirelydifferent than its data.

A database is an active entity, whereas datais said to be passive, on which the database
works and organizes.DBMS also stores metadata, which is data about data, to ease its
own process.

❖ ACID Properties: DBMS follows the concepts of Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation,

and Durability (normally shortened as ACID). These concepts are applied on

transactions, which manipulate data in a database. ACID properties help the database
stay healthy in multi-transactional environments and in case of failure.

30
III
❖ Multiuser and Concurrent Access: DBMS supports multi-user environment and

allows them to access and manipulate data in parallel. Though there are restrictions on
transactions when usersattempt to handle the same data item, but users are always
unaware of them.

❖ Multiple views: DBMS offers multiple views for different users. A user who is in

the Sales department will have a different view of database than a person working in
the Production department.This feature enables the users to have a concentrate view
of the database according to their requirements.

31
III
Security:
Features like multiple views offer security to some extent where users are
unable to access data of other users anddepartments. DBMS offers methods to
impose constraints while entering data into the database and retrieving the same ata
later stage. DBMS offers many different levels of security features, which enables
multiple users to have different views with different features. For example, a used in
the Sales department cannot see the data that belongs to the Purchase department.
Additionally, it can also be managed how much data of the Sales department should
be displayed to the user.
Since a DBMS is not saved on the disk as traditional file systems, itis very hard for
miscreants to break the code. A typical DBMS has users with different rights and
permissions who use it for different purposes. Some users retrieve data andsome
back it up.

The users of a DBMS can be broadly categorized as follows: A typical DBMS

has users with different rights and permissionswho use it for different purposes.
Some users retrieve data and some back it up.

32
III
 DBMS

❖ Administrators: Administrators maintain the DBMS and are responsible for

administrating the database. They are responsibleto look after its usage and by whom
it should be used. They create access profiles for users and apply limitations to
maintain isolation and force security. Administrators also look after DBMS resources
like system license, required tools, and other software and hardware related
maintenance.

❖ Designers: Designers are the group of people who actually workon the designing part

of the database. They keep a close watch onwhat data should be kept and in what
format. They identify and design the whole set of entities, relations, constraints, and
views.

❖ End Users: End users are those who actually reap the benefits ofhaving a DBMS. End

users can range from simple viewers who pay attention to the logs or market rates to
sophisticated users such as business analysts.

33
III
7.2 BASIC TERMINOLOGIES

❖ Entity: An entity in an ER Model is a real-world entity having properties called

attributes. Every attribute is defined by its set of values called domain.

For example, ina school database, a student is considered as an entity. Student has
various attributeslike name, age, class, etc.
❖ Relationship: The logical association among entities is called
relationship.Relationships are mapped with entities in various ways. Mapping
cardinalities define the number of association between two entities.
❖ Database Schema: A database schema is the skeleton structure that represents the
logical
view of the entire database. It defines how the data is organized and how the relations
among them are associated. It formulates all the constraints that are to be applied on
the data.
❖ Database Instance: A database instance is a state of operational database with data
at any given time. It contains a snapshot of the database.

Database instance tend to change with time. A DBMS ensures that its every instance
(state) is in a valid state, by diligently following all the validations, constraints and
conditions that the database designers have imposed.
❖ Attributes: Entities are represented by means of their properties called attributes. All
attributes have values.

For example, a student entity may have name, class, and age as attributes. There exists
a domain or range of values that can be assigned to attributes. For example, a student's
name cannot be a numeric value. It has to be alphabetic. A student's age cannot be
negative, etc.

❖ Entity-Set and Keys: Key is an attribute or collection of attributes that uniquely

identifies an entity among entity set. For example, the roll_number of a stude

34
III
 CHAPTER 8

SOURCE CODES

Index.php

<?php
session_start();
error_reporting(0);
include('includes/config.php');
if(isset($_GET['action']) && $_GET['action']=="add"){
$id=intval($_GET['id']);
if(isset($_SESSION['cart'][$id])){
$_SESSION['cart'][$id]['quantity']++;
}else{
$sql_p="SELECT * FROM products WHERE id={$id}";
$query_p=mysqli_query($con,$sql_p);
if(mysqli_num_rows($query_p)!=0){
$row_p=mysqli_fetch_array($query_p);
$_SESSION['cart'][$row_p['id']]=array("quantity" => 1, "price" =>
$row_p['productPrice']);

}else{
$message="Product ID is invalid";
}
}
echo "<script type='text/javascript'> document.location ='my-cart.php'; </script>";
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Meta -->
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0,
user-scalable=no">
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<meta name="keywords" content="MediaCenter, Template, eCommerce">
<meta name="robots" content="all">

<title>Fish OO Fish</title>
35
III
 <!-- Bootstrap Core CSS -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/bootstrap.min.css">

<!-- Customizable CSS -->

<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/main.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/green.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/owl.carousel.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/owl.transitions.css">
<!--<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/owl.theme.css">-->
<link href="assets/css/lightbox.css" rel="stylesheet">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/animate.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/rateit.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/bootstrap-select.min.css">

<!-- Demo Purpose Only. Should be removed in production -->

<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/config.css">

<link href="assets/css/green.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Green

color">
<link href="assets/css/blue.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Blue color">
<link href="assets/css/red.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Red color">
<link href="assets/css/orange.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Orange
color">
<link href="assets/css/dark-green.css" rel="alternate stylesheet"
title="Darkgreen color">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/css/font-awesome.min.css">
<link href='http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300,400,500,700'
rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>

<!-- Favicon -->

<link rel="shortcut icon" href="assets/images/favicon.ico">

</head>
<!-- ========================= HEADER ========================= -->
<header class="header-style-1">
<?php include('includes/top-header.php');?>
<?php include('includes/main-header.php');?>
<?php include('includes/menu-bar.php');?>
</header>
<!-- ================== HEADER : END ======================== -->
<div class="body-content outer-top-xs" id="top-banner-and-menu">
<div class="container">
36
III
 <div class="furniture-container homepage-container">
<div class="row">
div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-3 sidebar">
<!-- ============== TOP NAVIGATION ================== -->
<?php include('includes/side-menu.php');?>
<!-- =============== TOP NAVIGATION : END ===================== -->
</div><!-- /.sidemenu-holder -->
<div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-9 homebanner-holder">
<!-- ========================================== SECTION – HERO
========================================= -->

<div id="hero" class="homepage-slider3">

<div id="owl-main" class="owl-carousel owl-inner-nav owl-ui-sm">
<div class="full-width-slider">
<div class="item" style="background-image:
url(assets/images/sliders/slider1.png);">

<!-- /.container-fluid -->

</div><!-- /.item -->
</div><!-- /.full-width-slider -->
<div class="full-width-slider">
<div class="item full-width-slider" style="background-image:
url(assets/images/sliders/slider2.png);">
</div><!-- /.item -->
</div><!-- /.full-width-slider -->
</div><!-- /.owl-carousel -->
</div>

<!-- =========== SECTION – HERO : END ===================== -->

<!-- =========== INFO BOXES ======================== -->

<!-- ============= INFO BOXES : END ============================= -->

</div><!-- /.homebanner-holder -->

</div><!-- /.row -->

<!-- ============= SCROLL TABS ============================= -->
<div id="product-tabs-slider" class="scroll-tabs inner-bottom-vs wow fadeInUp">
<div class="more-info-tab clearfix">
<h3 class="new-product-title pull-left">speacial Fishes</h3>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs nav-tab-line pull-right" id="new-products-1">
<li class="active"><a href="#all" data-toggle="tab">All</a></li>
37
III
 <li><a href="#books" data-toggle="tab">Big Fishes</a></li>
<li><a href="#furniture" data-toggle="tab">Small Fishes</a></li>
</ul><!-- /.nav-tabs -->
</div>
<div class="tab-content outer-top-xs">
<div class="tab-pane in active" id="all">
<div class="product-slider">
<div class="owl-carousel home-owl-carousel custom-carousel owl-theme"
data-item="4">
<?php
$ret=mysqli_query($con,"select * from products");
while ($row=mysqli_fetch_array($ret))
{
# code...

?>
<div class="item item-carousel">
<div class="products">
<div class="product">
<div class="product-image">
<div class="image">

<a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>">

<img src="admin/productimages/<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>" data-echo="admin/productimages/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>"
width="180" height="300" alt=""></a>
</div><!-- /.image -->
</div><!-- /.product-image -->
<div class="product-info text-left">
<h3 class="name"><a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>"><?php echo htmlentities($row['productName']);?></a></h3>
div class="rating rateit-small"></div>
<div class="description"></div>
<div class="product-price">
span class="price">
Rs.<?php echo htmlentities($row['productPrice']);?> </span><span class="price-before-
discount">Rs.<?php echo htmlentities($row['productPriceBeforeDiscount']);?>
</span>
</div><!-- /.product-price -->
</div><!-- /.product-info -->
38
III
<?php if($row['productAvailability']=='In Stock'){?>
div class="action"><a href="index.php?page=product&action=add&id=<?php echo
$row['id']; ?>" class="lnk btn btn-primary">Add to Cart</a></div>
<?php } else {?>
<div class="action" style="color:red">Out of Stock</div>
<?php } ?>
</div><!-- /.product -->
div><!-- /.products -->
</div><!-- /.item -->
<?php } ?>
</div><!-- /.home-owl-carousel -->
</div><!-- /.product-slider -->
</div>
<div class="tab-pane" id="books">
<div class="product-slider">
<div class="owl-carousel home-owl-carousel custom-carousel owl-theme">
<?php
$ret=mysqli_query($con,"select * from products where category=3");
while ($row=mysqli_fetch_array($ret))
{
# code...
?>
<div class="item item-carousel">
<div class="products">
<div class="product">
<div class="product-image">
<div class="image">
<a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>">
<img src="admin/productimages/<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>" data-echo="admin/productimages/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>"
width="180" height="300" alt=""></a>
</div><!-- /.image -->
</div><!-- /.product-image -->
<div class="product-info text-left">
<h3 class="name"><a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>"><?php echo htmlentities($row['productName']);?></a></h3>
<div class="rating rateit-small"></div>
<div class="description"></div>
<div class="product-price">
<span class="price">
Rs. <?php echo htmlentities($row['productPrice']);?> </span>
discount">Rs.<?php echo htmlentities($row['productPriceBeforeDiscount']);?></span>
39
III
</div><!-- /.product-price -->
</div><!-- /.product-info -->
<?php if($row['productAvailability']=='In Stock'){?>
<div class="action"><a href="index.php?page=product&action=add&id=<?php echo
$row['id']; ?>" class="lnk btn btn-primary">Add to Cart</a></div>
<?php } else {?>
<div class="action" style="color:red">Out of Stock</div>
<?php } ?>
</div><!-- /.product -->
</div><!-- /.products -->
</div><!-- /.item -->
<?php } ?>
</div><!-- /.home-owl-carousel -->
</div><!-- /.product-slider -->
</div>

<div class="tab-pane" id="furniture">

<div class="product-slider">
<div class="owl-carousel home-owl-carousel
custom-carousel owl-theme">
<?php
$ret=mysqli_query($con,"select * from products where category=5");
while ($row=mysqli_fetch_array($ret))
{
?>
<div class="item item-carousel">
<div class="products">
<div class="product">
<div class="image">
<a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>">
<img src="admin/productimages/<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>" data-echo="admin/productimages/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>"
width="180" height="300" alt=""></a>
</div>

<div class="product-info text-left">

<h3 class="name"><a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>"><?php echo htmlentities($row['productName']);?></a></h3>
<div class="rating rateit-small"></div>
<div class="description"></div>

<div class="product-price">
40
III
 <span class="price">
Rs.<?php echo htmlentities($row['productPrice']);?> </span>
<span class="price-before-discount">Rs.<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productPriceBeforeDiscount']);?></span>

</div>

</div>
<?php if($row['productAvailability']=='In Stock'){?>
<div class="action"><a href="index.php?page=product&action=add&id=<?php
echo $row['id']; ?>" class="lnk btn btn-primary">Add to Cart</a></div>
<?php } else {?>
<div class="action" style="color:red">Out of Stock</div>
<?php } ?>
</div>

</div>
</div>
<?php } ?>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<!-- ================== TABS ========================== -->

<div class="sections prod-slider-small outer-top-small">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<section class="section">
<h3 class="section-title">Fishes</h3>
<div class="owl-carousel homepage-owl-carousel custom-carousel outer-top-xs owl-
theme" data-item="2">

<?php
$ret=mysqli_query($con,"select * from products where category=4 and subCategory=4");
while ($row=mysqli_fetch_array($ret))
{
?>

41
III
<div class="item item-carousel">
<div class="products">
<div class="product">
<div class="product-image">
<div class="image">
<a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>"><img
src="admin/productimages/<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>" data-echo="admin/productimages/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>"
width="180" height="300"></a>
</div><!-- /.image -->
</div><!-- /.product-image -->

<div class="product-info text-left">

<h3 class="name"><a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>"><?php echo htmlentities($row['productName']);?></a></h3>
<div class="rating rateit-small"></div>
<div class="description"></div>
<div class="product-price">
<span class="price">
Rs. <?php echo htmlentities($row['productPrice']);?></span>
<span class="price-before-discount">Rs.<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productPriceBeforeDiscount']);?></span>
</div>
</div>
<?php if($row['productAvailability']=='In Stock'){?>
<div class="action"><a href="index.php?page=product&action=add&id=<?php echo
$row['id']; ?>" class="lnk btn btn-primary">Add to Cart</a></div>
<?php } else {?>
<div class="action" style="color:red">Out of Stock</div>
<?php } ?>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<?php }?>
</div>
</section>
</div>
<div class="col-md-6">
<section class="section">
<h3 class="section-title">special Fishes</h3>
<div class="owl-carousel homepage-owl-carousel custom-carousel outer-top-xs owl-
42
III
theme" data-item="2">
<?php
$ret=mysqli_query($con,"select * from products where category=4 and subCategory=6");
while ($row=mysqli_fetch_array($ret))
{
?>
<div class="item item-carousel">
<div class="product">
<div class="product-image">
<div class="image">
<a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>"><img
src="admin/productimages/<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>" data-echo="admin/productimages/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>"
width="300" height="300"></a>
</div><!-- /.image -->
</div><!-- /.product-image -->
<div class="product-info text-left">
<h3 class="name"><a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo
htmlentities($row['id']);?>"><?php echo htmlentities($row['productName']);?></a></h3>
<div class="rating rateit-small"></div>
<div class="description"></div>
<div class="product-price">
<span class="price">
Rs .<?php echo htmlentities($row['productPrice']);?></span>
<span class="price-before-discount">Rs.<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productPriceBeforeDiscount']);?></span>

</div>
div>
<?php if($row['productAvailability']=='In Stock'){?>
<div class="action"><a href="index.php?page=product&action=add&id=<?php echo
$row['id']; ?>" class="lnk btn btn-primary">Add to Cart</a></div>
<?php } else {?>
<div class="action" style="color:red">Out of Stock</div>
<?php } ?>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<?php }?>
</section>
</div>
</div></div>
43
III
<!-- ======================= TABS : END ========================== --
>

<section class="section featured-product inner-xs wow fadeInUp">

<h3 class="section-title">small category</h3>
<div class="owl-carousel best-seller custom-carousel owl-theme outer-top-xs">
<?php
$ret=mysqli_query($con,"select * from products where category=6");
while ($row=mysqli_fetch_array($ret))
{
# code...

?>
<div class="item">
<div class="products">
<div class="product-micro">
<div class="row product-micro-row">
<div class="col col-xs-6">
<div class="product-image">
<div class="image">
<a href="admin/productimages/<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>" data-lightbox="image-1" data-title="<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productName']);?>">
<img
data-echo="admin/productimages/<?php echo htmlentities($row['id']);?>/<?php echo
htmlentities($row['productImage1']);?>" width="170" height="174" alt="">
<div class="zoom-overlay"></div>
</a>
</div><!-- /.image -->
</div><!-- /.product-image --></div><!-- /.col -->
<div class="col col-xs-6">
<div class="product-info">
<h3
class="name"><a href="product-details.php?pid=<?php echo html
entities($row['id']);?>"><?php echo html entities($row['productName']);?></a></h3>
<div class="rating rateit-small"></div>
<div class="product-price">
span class="price">
Rs. <?php
</span>
44
III
</div><!-- /.product-price -->
<?php if($row['productAvailability']=='In Stock'){?>
<div class="action"><a href="index.php?page=product&action=add&id=<?php echo
$row['id']; ?>" class="lnk btn btn-primary">Add to Cart</a></div>
<?php } else {?>
<div class="action" style="color:red">Out of Stock</div>
<?php } ?>
</div>
</div><!-- /.col -->
</div><!-- /.product-micro-row -->
</div><!-- /.product-micro -->
</
</div><?php } ?>
</div>
section>
<?php include('includes/brands-slider.php');?>
</div>
</div>
<?php include('includes/footer.php');?>
<script src="assets/js/jquery-1.11.1.min.js"></script>

<script src="assets/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

<script src="assets/js/bootstrap-hover-dropdown.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/owl.carousel.min.js"></script>

<script src="assets/js/echo.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/jquery.easing-1.3.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/bootstrap-slider.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/jquery.rateit.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="assets/js/lightbox.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/bootstrap-select.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/wow.min.js"></script>
<script src="assets/js/scripts.js"></script>

<!-- For demo purposes – can be removed on production -->

<script src="switchstylesheet/switchstylesheet.js"></script>

<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
$(".changecolor").switchstylesheet( { seperator:"color"} );
$('.show-theme-options').click(function(){
45
III
 $(this).parent().toggleClass('open');
return false;
});
});

$(window).bind("load", function() {
$('.show-theme-options').delay(2000).trigger('click');
});
</script>
<!-- For demo purposes – can be removed on production : End -->

</body>
</html>

46
III
SNAPSHOT / OUTPUT:

PRELOADING:

47
III
USER SELECTION:

MAIN PAGE:

48
III
CUSTOMER INTERFACE:

ADMIN LOGIN:

49
III
ADMIN INTERFACE:

50
III
 CHAPTER 10

TESTING

SYSTEM TESTING

The purpose of testing is to discover errors. Testing is the process of trying to

discover every conceivable fault or weakness ina work product. It provides a way to
check the functionality of components, sub assemblies, assemblies and/or a finished
product It is the process of exercising software with the intent of ensuring that the
Software system meets its requirements and user expectations and does not fail in an
unacceptable manner. There are various types of test. Eachtest type addresses a specific
testing requirement.

TYPE OF TESTING

➢ Unit testing
➢ Integration testing
➢ System testing
➢ Acceptance testing
➢ Functional testing

UNIT TESTING

Unit testing involves the design of test cases that validate that the internal program
logic is functioning properly, and that program input produce valid outputs.

51
III
INTEGRATION TESTING

Integration tests are designed to test integrated software components to

determine if they actually run as one program. Testing is event driven and is more
concerned with the basic outcome of screens or fields. The combination of components
is correct and consistent. Integration testing is specifically aimed at exposing the
problems that arise from the combination of components. In this testing the each and
every module are linked together by using the data to be transfer from one module field
to another.

SYSTEM TEST

System testing ensures that the entire integrated software system meets
requirements. It tests a configuration to ensure known and predictable results. An
example of system testing is the configuration oriented system integration test. System
testing is based on process descriptions and flows, emphasizing pre-driven process links
and integration points. In this testing it is based on the coding to assigning or performs
the function by using the methods and data for the program to be run. In this testing are
two types are namely

❖ White box testing

❖ Black box testing

52
III
WHITE BOX TESTING

White Box Testing is a testing in which in which the software tester has
knowledge of the inner coding, structure and language of thesoftware.

BLACK BOX TESTING

Black Box Testing is testing the software without any knowledge of the inner
workings, structure or language of the module being tested. Black box tests, as most
other kinds of tests, must be written from a definitive source document, such as
specification or requirements document, such as specification or requirements
document. It is a testing in which the software under test is treated, as a black box. you
cannot “see” into it. The test provides inputs andresponds to outputs without considering
how the software works.

TEST STRATEGY AND APPROACH

Field testing will be performed manually and functional tests will be written in detail.

TEST OBJECTIVES
● All field entries must work properly.

● Pages must be activated from the identified link.

● The entry screen, messages and responses must not be delayed.

53
III
FEATURES TO BE TESTED
● Verify that the entries are of the correct format

● No duplicate entries should be allowed

● All links should take the user to the correct page.

ACCEPTANCE TESTING

User Acceptance Testing is a critical phase of any project and requires significant
participation by the end user. It also ensures that the system meets the functional
requirements.

In this testing performed that the customer satisfaction are fulfilled and also in
this testing we can performing various access namely as follows, likely the various
functions are can be done are adding some fields needed, modifying the fields etc., any
changes are done by using the testing.

FUNCTIONAL TESTING

Functional tests provide systematic demonstrations that functions tested are

available as specified by the business and technical requirements, system
documentation, and user manuals.

54
III
 CHAPTER 11

LANGUAGE SPECIFICATION

(PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) An extremely popular scripting language that is used

to create dynamic Web pages. Combining syntax from the C,Java and Perl languages,
PHP code is embedded within HTML pages for server side execution. It is commonly
used to extract data out of a database on the Web server and present it on the Web
page. Originally known as "Personal Home Page," PHP is supported by all Web
servers and widely used with the MySQL database. See
MYSQL:

MySQL is an open-source relational database management system (RDBMS). Its

name isa combination of “My”, the name of co- founders Michael Widenius's daughter
and "SQL", the abbreviation forStructured Query Language. MySQL can be built and
installed manually from source code, but it is more commonly installed from a binary
package unless special customizations are required. MySQL is offered under two
different editions: the open source MySQL Community Server and the proprietary
Enterprise Server.
MySQL Enterprise Server is differentiated by a series of proprietary extensions
which install as server plug-in, but otherwise shares the version numbering system and
is built from the same code base.

Though MySQL began as a low-end alternative to more powerful proprietary

databases, it has gradually evolved to support higher-scale needs as well. It is still most
commonly used in small to medium scale single-server deployments, either as a
component in a LAMP-based webapplication or as a standalone database server. Much of
MySQL's appeal originates in its relative simplicity and ease of use, which is enabled
by an ecosystem of open source tools such as phpMyAdmin.

55
III
 XAMPP SERVER:

XAMPP is a light-weight easy to install bundle that will allow you to do local
development on websites in case you don't have a serverhosted already.
Anyway, XAMPP consists of the three main things that you need to know when starting
web development.
40
❖ Apache Web Server: It is a web server that allows you to host your websites or any

other content for that matter. Apache is available for UNIX as well as WINDOWS.
Someof the most common server-side languages supported by Apache are - PHP,
Python and Perl. It is free of charge.
❖ PHP: A server-side programming language which is used to produce dynamic web
pages. PHP code can be embedded within HTML. It is also free and platform-
independent which means that it can be installed onany operating system.
❖ MySQL: It is the world's most popular open source database. It is a Relational Database
Management System (RDBMS) - data and it's relationships are stored in the form of
tables that can be accessed by the use of MySQL queries in almost any format that the
user wants.

56
III
CONCLUSION

In conclusion, "Fish Oo Fish" stands as a promising platform for the dynamic

exchange of fish products, bridging the gap between buyers and sellers in the aquatic
industry. Through meticulous attention to user interface and experience, the website
ensures seamless interaction, fostering a sense of trust and reliability among its users. The
incorporation of versatile communication features, including both manual and automated
channels, facilitates effective dialogue between parties, enhancing the overall trading
experience.

The robust auction system empowers sellers to showcase their offerings

competitively, while buyers benefit from a transparent and engaging bidding process.
Moreover, the platform's support for bulk ordering caters to the diverse needs of
customers, incentivizing larger purchases through strategic pricing models. The
implementation of seller verification and rating mechanisms further reinforces
accountability and integrity within the marketplace, promoting long-term relationships
based on mutual respect and satisfaction.

Security and privacy remain paramount, with stringent measures in place to

safeguard sensitive information and transactions, instilling confidence and peace of mind
among users. Seamless integration of logistics and shipping services ensures timely
delivery of orders, while comprehensive customer support channels offer assistance and
resolution to queries and concerns.

Strategic marketing initiatives propel "Fish Oo Fish" into the spotlight, capturing the
attention of relevant audiences and fostering sustainable growth within the industry.
Continuous feedback and iteration drive innovation and evolution, positioning the
platform as a frontrunner in the realm of online fish trading.

57
III
REFERENCE

Citing Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & R. van der Laan (eds) 2024. ESCHMEYER'S
CATALOG OF FISHES: GENERA, SPECIES,

REFERENCES.(http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fish
catmain.asp). Electronic version accessed 03-01-2023.

van der Laan, R. & Fricke, R. 2024. FAMILY-GROUP

NAMES. (http://www.calacademy.org/scientists/catalog-of-fishes-family-group-
names/). Electronic version accessed 05-02-2023.

van der Laan, R., Fricke, R. & Eschmeyer, W. N. (eds) 2024. ESCHMEYER'S
CATALOG OF FISHES:
CLASSIFICATION. (http://www.calacademy.org/scientists/catalog-of-fishes-
classification/).Electronic version accessed 1-12- 2023.

Fricke, R. & Eschmeyer, W. N.

2024. JOURNALS. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/
journals.asp). Electronic version accessed 07-12- 2022.[Includes all journals appearing
in the Catalog, including publication information and ISSN numbers.]

Fricke, R. & Eschmeyer, W. N. 2024. GUIDE TO FISH

COLLECTIONS. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/c
ollections.asp). Electronic version accessed 27-2-022. [Arranged by museum
abbreviation and by country, includes type catalogs and historical publications and www
sites where available.]

Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Fong, J. D. 2024 SPECIES BY

FAMILY/SUBFAMILY. (http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/c
atalog/SpeciesByFamily.asp).Electronic version accessed 15-05-2022. [Recalculated
with each new version; based on current literature, this provides all available species
names, valid species, and species described in the last 10 years by family/subfamily.]

58
III