Units conversion

money:
" nod Length:
x 1000
S
1000 m
M
1km =

100
->

=1000
x
100
Mass: Im = 100cm
x 1000
=100
1k9 =
18009 X I0
M ~

1 cm = 10 mm
-1000
M
-
I8

olume:

volume of cube: length x length x

length
length of cube =
s/volume of cube

③ase area =
Length x Breadth

volume of cuboid =
length x breadth x
height or Base areaxheight
Height of cuboid = volume
Or Volume

Length Breadth
x
Base area

or volume -

Length-Breadth
or volume -
Breadth =Length

Length of cuboid =
vOlUMC
or Height-breadth
volume-
Height x Breadth or volume Breadth - Height
-

volume or
Breadth of cuboid = volume:Height -
Length
Height x Length or volume - Length: I eight
 olume:
Important note:

Even though 1m =
1000m,
I me = 1cm3
Im F100cm2

I
x
Im" F100cm3

10 = 1080 me 11m = 1000m)"-1m

=
= 10000cm

M 11m=1cm) Im3=I cre

->
1000
 Important facts about squares:

Area of square Length x Length

=

2 Given area of square,

To find length of square:
M1: M1:

are a trial & error

common errors:

Length of square: Area of square:2

Length of Area of square:4
square:

Example:
Given area of square = 100cm"
To find length of square,

M1; M2:

100
=

10 Try 10x10 =
100

Perimeter of square 4x Length =

3
or length -
length length Length
+
+

Given perimeter of square,

To find length =
perimeter of square - 4

"5"
I

40

-750
& -

I
5450
diagonally into half
cutting the square
will cut the 900 into half-become 450
 Important facts about rectangles

Area of rectangle Length

=

x Breadth

2 Area of rectangle
Length of rectangle -

Breadth of rectangle

3
Breadth of rectangle Area of rectangle=

Length of rectangle

4 perimeter of rectangle
Length Length t Breadth Breadth
-
+ +

or 2x Length - 2x Breadth

Or
2 x
(length + Breadth)

11 11
all
b

I
Ya,
3 cutting the rectangle diagonally into half

will NOT cut the 900 into half.

 Important facts about triangles

Area Of =1 x Base Height

Base:Any side of a

perpendicular to the
Height:a line that is
base
can be a side of a inside the

or Outside a

Tip:Decide on the base first as the height

depend on the base.

Height
& Base a
ne

6)
v

Base"
Height

Height B9Se Height

Base' Height Base

2 sum of area of s with common height

=
X common height x combined base

Example:

3 3CM Area of At B
A B =
EX5CMX8cm
whe = 20CM3
8cM

3 with
sum of area of 3 common base

=x common base x combined height

Example:

Area of LA+UB
A ocm
B =
Ex10cmx6cm
=
30(m
10cH

4) perimeter of =
sum of the 3 sides

5
⑱
Types of

isosceles equilateral right angled right-angled scalene

is osceles
- 500
c
16 b) 1600 600
d ye I
(3)
19 b)
 Important facts about rhombus

All sides are equal

tab !
2 Diagonally opposite Ls are equal
is
3 By interior angles
La -1 Lb 1800
=

4 2 pairs of lines

rhombus diagonally into half

5 Cutting the

will cut the corner angle into half .

da bl ¥a¥a bl
is an yb ÷aÉ

6
There are 2 isosceles 5 in a rhombus

7
Diagonals of rhombus bisect each other
at 90°
•
Important facts about trapezium

>

>

1 It is a 4 sided
-

figure

2 ONLY 1 pair of 11 lines

/ >
a el
nb
>
de
3 By interior angles ,

La -1lb = 180°

Lct Ld = 180°

4 equal !
Diagonally opposite Ls are not

La
= Ld
Lb = LC

5 do add up 180°
La and Lc not to

Lb and Ld do not add up to 180°

6 La -1lb -11C -1 Ld =
360°
,
 Important facts about circles

Take note of TL ! Tip for this topic :

22 Make you identify the

sure
-

A =

7
Correct radius diameter
2
1L =
3.14
"
Use
"
Cut and paste
'

in of
- -

3 Leave terms Tv
for irregular shapes
④ calculator value of IT

1 If Qns never say anything

abt IT )

Area of circle = IT ✗ radius ✗ radius

circumference of circle = IT ✗ Diameter

Area of semicircle =-3 ✗ ñ ✗ radius ✗ radius

perimeter of semicircle
=
I ✗ IT ✗ Diameter Diameter

Area of quadrant =
¥ ✗ IT ✗ radius ✗ radius
perimeter of quadrant
1-
IT ✗ Diameter Diameter
=
✗

"
r %, Area of £ leaf ( shaded part )

Area of quadrant -
Area of
r
4- xxx radius ✗ radius -

tax radius ✗ radius

Area of
"
Area Of square Area of quadrant
44
' =
-

r
=
radius ✗ radius -

¥ ✗ IT ✗ radius ✗ radius
>
r
 speed

D) Istance: speed x Time

D Distance
Speed =

Time
S T
Time : Distance
speed

Tip: change to matching units

first before applying formula.

units conversion
D) is +ance: Time: Once you have
60
x
mastered the unit
x
1000
1km = 1000 m Ih = 50 mins conversion for distance
S and time, you would
=1000 - 60
be able to convert the
x
100 x 60 units for speed.
Im bose
Imin-
= 100cm
=100 Example 1
change 10km/h to m/min

X I0
10K mx1000
~ 166 m/min
x3600
1cm = 10 mm in X 60

M
-
1h =
3,600 sec
I8
-3600 Example 2
/100 000
Change 50m/sec +Okm/h

1KM= I 50 m = 1000
cm = 180km/h
↑ ISec-3600
100 000
->

Total Distance
Average Speed: Remember:
speed
speed It
2
Arg speed
Total time
I Include the time
This is a common mistake!

not spent travelling

 common distance HOW tO SpOt?
·
When a person overtake
If speed ratio = A: B
another person
then time ratio = B: A
(condition: They start at
Of the same point)

when the people travel

·

If time ratio: A: B
from the same start
then speed ratio: B: A
ont to the same
↑ end
point.

common time
If distance ratio - A: B

then speed ratio: A: B

Or

If speed ratio = A: B

hen distance
+

ratio = A: B
 Other angle properties

Lat Lb =
180°

Adjacent Ls on a straight line

4) b add up to 180°

(G)
Ls
b Vertically opposite
b
are equal
¥
.

< Alternate Ls are equal

at
.

' '

Tip :
spot for 2 shape
la
<

La -1 Lb = 180°

Interior Ls add UP to
180°
b
/
ya Tip
'

spot for
' '

V
'
:
C Or

shape .

-
a
corresponding Ls are equal .

% Tip :
spot
'

F' shape

Ls at a point add

F)
" UP to 3600

b La -1lb -11C 1- Ld =3 -60°

C
 a- SUM Of Ls in a =
180°

)b (
( 180°
La -1lb -11C __

Base LS Of isosceles 0
\ /
ya as
are equal .

Each Lin equilateral 0

6¥
=
180° :-B
160° 60°
,
=
60°

Ti SUM Of 2 interior Is in a

jb end = 1- exterior Lofa

La -1lb __ Ld

"

Tip
"
:
spot for flag shape

SUM Of Ls in a

14 sided
quadrilateral
-

figure )= 360°
12 HOUr CLOCK 24 HOUr CIOCK
12.00 a.m. 0000
1.00 a.m. Ol
2.00 a.m. O2
3.00 a.m. 03

4.00 a.m. 04

5.00 a.m. 05
600 a.m. 06
1.00 a.m. 07
8.00 a.m. 08
9.00 a.m. 09
10.00 a.m. 10
11.00 a.m. 11

1200p.m. 12

13
-m
2.00 p.m. 4

3.00p.m. I

4.00 p.m. 16

5.00 D.M. If
6.00 p.m. 18
T.00 P.M. 19
8.00 p.m. 20

9.00 p.m. 21
10.00 p.m. 22
11.00 p.m. 23
 Place values

million
9312465.780
t
hundred
tenth thousandth
thousand
N

ten hundredth
thousand
one
L
ten
hundred
thousand
 North

West East

South

North
Northwest
O
Northeast
450 it
450,s2450 East
West
450) 3450
W
4to 450
southeast
South West
South

<
V M
V

>

CIOCKWiSe
antiClockwise
Comparing Fractions:

Ascending/increasing:small to big
Descending/decreasing:Big to small

2 ways

make all the fractions make all the fractions to the

to the same denominator. same numerator.

The fraction with the The fraction with the

largest numerator is the largest denominator is the

largest fraction. smallest fraction.

The fraction with the

The fraction with the
smallest numerator is
smallest denominator is
the smallest fraction
the largest fraction

Example 1 Example 3

3 is smaller than eg. I is bigger than 5

⑲TTT I X

Example 2
xample 4
which is smaller?5 Or ? which is bigger? or ?
>YH-
OX e =
I

3472
I is bigger
·
is smaller.
 Equal numerators :
•

A fraction of an item is equal to another fraction of

another item .

Example
-

3- Of what Ariel has is equal to ¥ Of what Brian has

313A =
¥13B

G- A =
¥0B
.
: A :B
9:10

Numerators comparison
-
A certain fraction of an item is more / less than

a certain fraction of another item .

Example :

f- Of Ariel 's marbles is 10 more than 1-2 Of Brian 's

marbles

b-A ÉA b- A
14 14
Fg
10 10 14 10

tu tu

EB EB
 Percentage

✗ 100
>
Fractions / Decimals , %
: too

in A
2
Percentage =
✗ 100%
in A Original A

3 Percentage ↓ ↓ in A
= ✗ 100%
in A original A

1 percentage discount
= ✗ 100%
discount original price

Average
1 total value
Average =

NO .
Of items

2 Total value =
Average ✗ NO Of items
.
 Nets Of Cube
-
1 cube 6 square faces

11 nets of Cube you must know

Nets of cuboid
•

1 cuboid → 6 rectangles
or 4 rectangles -12 squares
-

some nets of cuboids you need to know

- I
 Nets of Pyramid :
'

made up of mostly triangular faces

+ 1 base

Base can be triangle square

,
. rectangle

or any other shapes .

Nets of a square pyramid :

triangular pyramid
:
Nets of a
 Number patterns

~ common difference

in =
a + (h-1) x d

Tn: Number of items

in a certain figure no
a: First number
n: Figure no

d: common difference

Example:
Figure no I 2 3 ...
100

No. Of dots 3 E T ?
↳
+2 +2

a 3, 100,d=2
=

H=

No. of dots =
3 + (100 -
Re
=
3+99X 2
=
3+198
=
201

2
square numbers

Tn = 4 X &

condition: First number must be 1

otherwise, need to modify formula

Tn: Number of items

in a certain figure no

4: Figure no

Example:
Figure no. I 2 3 4 E ... 50
No. Of dots I 4 9 16 2E
...?
=1x1= 2x2=3x3=4X4= 5x5

No. of dots in Fig. 50 = 50 x 50

=1500
 3
Triangular Numbers

Tn= nxlh -111

2

Condition : First number must be 1

Otherwise need to modify formula
,

Tn : Number of items
in a certain figure no .

n :
Figure no .

Example :

I 3 4 5 50
Figure no 2 . . .

NO Of .
dots I 3 6 10 15 ' ' '
?

¥ # +4¥,

NO Of dots
. 50×51
=
in Fig -
50 2

= 1275

GOODLUCK & All THE BEST