DSD A112

2024
As your Secretary of State, I am committed

to improving road safety to protect the lives
and well-being of everyone who uses our
roadways. The Rules of the Road is a helpful
Illinois Rules of the Road 2024

resource to learn or refresh your knowledge
of traffic laws and safe driving behaviors.
I encourage you to review this book whether you are applying for a
driver’s license for the first time or are a longtime licensed driver
seeking to renew your license. Raising the driving public’s awareness
of avoiding hazardous driving behaviors is critical for Illinois to reduce
traffic fatalities.
I also want to highlight an important date change to the federal REAL

ID Act. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security extended the
deadline to May 7, 2025. This means the federal government will
require your driver’s license or ID card (DL/ID) to be REAL ID compliant
for use as identification to board domestic flights by May 7, 2025.
Our office provides you with a choice because not everyone will need
a REAL ID. You decide if you need a REAL ID or standard DL/ID. For
more information about the REAL ID program, visit REALID.ilsos.gov or
call 833-503-4074.
Thank you for your interest in reviewing the Rules of the Road. Working
together, we can make safer roads a reality and save lives.
Alexi Giannoulias
Illinois Secretary of State
goes into effect May 7, 2025.
Your current Illinois driver’s license or ID card (DL/ID) will be accepted at airports until
May 7, 2025. We are providing you with the choice either to obtain a REAL ID card or to
keep a standard card. Take time to know your options.
You DO NOT NEED a REAL ID if: You NEED a REAL ID if:

• You have a valid U.S. passport or • You do not have a valid U.S. passport or
passport card; or passport card; AND
• You do not use airplanes as a mode of • You use airplanes as a mode of
domestic transportation; or domestic transportation; or
• You do not visit military bases; or • You visit military bases; or
• You do not visit secure federal facilities. • You visit secure federal facilities.
Action Standard REAL ID

DL/ID DL/ID
Driving (DL only) YES YES
Using for general

identification purposes YES YES
Boarding a domestic flight

(U.S.) after May 7, 2025 NO YES
Entering a military base or

secure federal facility NO YES
For additional information:

833-503-4074
or visit:
REALID.ilsos.gov
Printed by authority of the State of Illinois by union employees. December 2023 – 500M – DSD A 112.42
Know your options.
Federal Limits Apply
Standard Card
Designation
Application Process for

Standard Driver’s License or ID
If your DL/ID is currently valid and not expiring soon, you do
not need to do anything.
STEP 1: If your DL/ID is expiring soon, visit a Secretary of State
Driver Services facility and take your photo and the required
exams.
STEP 2: Receive a temporary, secure paper DL/ID at the facility.
STEP 3: After review and verification of documents have been
conducted, your new permanent standard DL/ID will be mailed to
you within 15 business days.
Fees for a REAL ID and a standard

DL/ID are the same.
For domestic travel, a U.S. passport

or a REAL ID card is acceptable.
For international travel, a
U.S. passport is necessary.
For additional information about passports:

[email protected] or 877-487-2778
For additional information:

833-503-4074
Make the choice that is right for you.
REAL ID
Gold Star
Designation
Application Process for

REAL ID Driver’s License or ID
STEP 1: Visit a Secretary of State Driver Services facility and take
your photo and the required exams.
STEP 2: All applicants must provide proof of identity. (Examples
are: a U.S. birth certificate, a U.S. passport, an employment
authorization document, a permanent resident card or a foreign
passport with an approved I-94 form.) *Please note that name
change documents, such as a marriage certificate, will be required
if the applicant presents a birth certificate with a name different
from his/her current name.
STEP 3: All applicants must provide proof of full Social Security
number (SSN). (Examples are: an SSN card, a W-2 or a pay stub
with full SSN.)
STEP 4: All applicants must provide two current residency
documents with the applicant’s name. (Examples are: a utility bill,
rental agreement, deed/title or bank statement.)
STEP 5: All applicants must provide proof of signature.
(Examples are: a credit/debit card, canceled check or current
Illinois DL/ID.)
STEP 6: Receive a temporary, secure paper DL/ID at the facility.
*Please note that the TSA and federal agents will not accept the
paper document.
STEP 7: After review and verification of documents have been
conducted, your new permanent REAL ID card will be mailed to
you within 15 business days.
*For a complete list of acceptable documents for steps 2-5, please visit:
REALID.ilsos.gov
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Illinois Driver’s License ......................................................................................4
Age Restrictions — Drivers 16-21 ..............................................................................................4
Exemptions...................................................................................................................................5
Changing the Name/Address on an Illinois Driver’s License/ID Card.........................................6
Document/ID Requirements for Driver’s License/ID Card ...........................................................6
Driver’s License/ID Card Renewal ...............................................................................................8
Penalties for Driver’s License/ID Card Fraud ...............................................................................9
Medical Report ............................................................................................................................9
Driving Records/Abstracts.........................................................................................................10
Non-Driving Programs Related to the Driver’s License .............................................................10
Driver’s License/State ID Card Fees ..........................................................................................11
Expanded Online Services .........................................................................................................12
Chapter 2: Driver’s License Exams ......................................................................................13
Cheating and Bribery .................................................................................................................13
Vision Screening ........................................................................................................................13
Written Exam .............................................................................................................................14
Driving Exam ..............................................................................................................................14
Special Services.........................................................................................................................15
Chapter 3: Drivers Under Age 21..........................................................................................16
Obtaining an Instruction Permit.................................................................................................16
Applying for an Illinois Driver’s License.....................................................................................16
Driver Education and the Cooperative Driver Testing Program .................................................17
First-Time Drivers — Age 18-20................................................................................................18
Graduated Driver Licensing Program.........................................................................................18
Parental Responsibility ..............................................................................................................19
Related Laws .............................................................................................................................19
Chapter 4: Traffic Laws..........................................................................................................21
Proper Action When Stopped by Law Enforcement ..................................................................21
Distracted Driving ......................................................................................................................22
Safety Belt Law..........................................................................................................................23
Child Passenger Protection Act .................................................................................................23
Speed Limits ..............................................................................................................................24
Construction Zones, Emergency Vehicles, School Zones and Funeral Processions..................25
Right of Way ..............................................................................................................................26
Passing.......................................................................................................................................27
Lane Usage ................................................................................................................................29
Signaling ....................................................................................................................................30
Turning........................................................................................................................................30
Rotaries and Roundabouts.........................................................................................................32
Special Stops .............................................................................................................................32
Parking .......................................................................................................................................34
Prohibited Stopping, Standing or Parking..................................................................................35
Additional Laws .........................................................................................................................36
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Chapter 5: Sharing the Road .................................................................................................40
Pedestrians.................................................................................................................................40
Children ......................................................................................................................................41
Motorcycles................................................................................................................................41
Autocycles..................................................................................................................................42
Bicycles — Manual, Gas or Electric Powered ..........................................................................42
Scooters and Mopeds ................................................................................................................44
Large Vehicles............................................................................................................................44
Disabled Vehicles.......................................................................................................................45
Low-Speed Vehicles...................................................................................................................45
Slow-Moving Vehicles ...............................................................................................................46
Snowmobiles..............................................................................................................................47
Horseback Riders .......................................................................................................................47
Chapter 6: Driving Under the Influence (DUI)....................................................................48
Blood-Alcohol Concentration (BAC)/Presence of Drugs ............................................................48
Medical and Recreational Cannabis (Marijuana) ......................................................................48
Other Drugs ................................................................................................................................49
DUI Laws ....................................................................................................................................49
Related DUI Offenses.................................................................................................................51
Drivers Under Age 21.................................................................................................................52
Chapter 7: Traffic Violations/Crashes .................................................................................54
Appearing in Court .....................................................................................................................54
Crash Reports.............................................................................................................................54
Leaving the Scene of a Crash ....................................................................................................55
Unattended Vehicles..................................................................................................................55
Safety Responsibility Law..........................................................................................................55
Financial Responsibility Law......................................................................................................56
Crash Prevention Courses ..........................................................................................................56
Chapter 8: Driver’s License Revocation, Suspension, Denial and Cancellation ........58
Revocation..................................................................................................................................58
Suspension.................................................................................................................................59
Cancellation ...............................................................................................................................60
Denial .........................................................................................................................................61
Special Driving Permits..............................................................................................................61
Chapter 9: Roadway Signs ....................................................................................................64
Shapes of Signs .........................................................................................................................64
Colors of Signs ...........................................................................................................................65
Regulatory Signs ........................................................................................................................66
Warning Signs............................................................................................................................69
Construction and Maintenance Signs........................................................................................73
Portable Chargeable Message Signs.........................................................................................74
Other Special Signs....................................................................................................................75
Guide Signs ................................................................................................................................75
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Chapter 10: Traffic Signals and Pavement Markings ......................................................77
Traffic Signals ............................................................................................................................77
Pavement Markings ...................................................................................................................79
Railroad Crossings .....................................................................................................................81
Chapter 11: Safe Driving Tips...............................................................................................83
Drive Defensively.......................................................................................................................83
Following Distances ..................................................................................................................83
Vehicle Speed ............................................................................................................................84
Drowsy Driving ..........................................................................................................................84
Weather Conditions...................................................................................................................84
Special Driving Situations and Hazards ....................................................................................86
Equipment Failure ......................................................................................................................88
Aggressive Driving.....................................................................................................................89
Stranded Motorists’ Safety Protocols .......................................................................................90
Chapter 12: Equipment for Safe Driving .............................................................................92
Required Equipment ..................................................................................................................92
Restricted Equipment ................................................................................................................93
Chapter 13: Owning a Vehicle..............................................................................................95
Purchasing a Vehicle..................................................................................................................95
Vehicle Registration and Title....................................................................................................95
License Plate Requirements ......................................................................................................96
Temporary Registration Permit ..................................................................................................96
License Plate Renewal ..............................................................................................................96
Special License Plates ...............................................................................................................97
Reduced-fee License Plates ......................................................................................................97
Mandatory Insurance.................................................................................................................98
Emissions Testing ......................................................................................................................98
License Plates and Parking Placards for Persons with Disabilities ..........................................99
Answers to Study Questions ...................................................................................................100
Index ........................................................................................................................................101
Driver’s License Classifications ...............................................................................................104
Acceptable Identification Document Chart .............................................................................105
This edition of the Illinois Rules of the Road is as accurate as possible at the time of publication.
The booklet contains information you must know to pass the written test on traffic laws and signs in
order to obtain basic driving privileges. It includes information on obtaining a driver’s license, driver’s
license laws, traffic safety issues and general information regarding Illinois traffic laws and ordinances.
The language of the Illinois Compiled Statutes is condensed and paraphrased and does not cover
every law or explain every possible situation that motorists may face while operating a motor vehicle.
The manual also provides highway safety information not in the law. It is intended as a tool for drivers
and should not be cited as a legal authority in court. Additional information and forms are available at
ilsos.gov.
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NOTE TO THE READER: The application process for a REAL ID-compliant document
requires enhanced security measures that meet mandated federal guidelines, even
if you already have a standard issued Illinois driver’s license or identification (DL/ID)
card. As a result, you must provide documentation confirming your identity, Social
Security number, residency and signature.
Unless specifically stated, the information contained in this chapter concerning

the DL/ID application process applies to both REAL ID-compliant and standard
issued documents.
For more information about Illinois’ REAL ID program, please visit REALID.ilsos.gov
or call 833-503-4074.
Chapter 1: Illinois Driver’s License

To drive legally in Illinois, you must have a valid Illinois driver’s license. A driver’s license is
classified by the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of the operator’s vehicle. For a list of
all driver classifications, see page 104.
A driver seeking a basic license to operate a car in Illinois is issued a Class D license. Hold-
ers of a Class D license also may operate rental vehicles up to 26,000 pounds when trans-
porting their own personal property or that of an immediate family member for non-business
purposes within the state of Illinois. The driver is required and should be provided informa-
tion to successfully complete a safety course regarding the safe operation of that vehicle
from the rental company.
A driver must meet special requirements to operate a school bus, religious organization
bus, child care vehicle, vehicle used in for-profit ride sharing or vehicle used for senior
citizen transportation. For more information, please visit a local Driver Services facility or
call the Safe Ride Section of the Secretary of State’s office at 217-782-7674.
For procedures on obtaining a license to operate a motorcycle or commercial vehicle, please

refer to the Illinois Motorcycle Operator Manual, the Rules of the Road for Non-CDL
Vehicles or the Commercial Driver’s License Study Guide available at any Secretary
of State facility or at ilsos.gov.
Effective July 1, 2024, Temporary Visitors Driver’s Licenses (TVDLs) will no longer be issued.
Applicants who would have been eligible for a TVDL will be eligible to apply for a standard
driver’s license. Additional information will be available at ilsos.gov.
Age Restrictions — Drivers 16-21

You must be at least age 16 to obtain an Illinois driver’s license. The following exceptions
apply:
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• If you are age 16 or 17, you may receive your license if you successfully complete a state-
approved driver education course, complete 50 hours of practice driving and pass the
three parts of the driver’s license exam. If a parent cannot accompany a minor to the facility,
an Affidavit/Consent for Minor to Drive must be signed by a legal guardian or a respon-
sible adult over age 21. For more information about obtaining a driver’s license before
age 18, see page 16.
• If you are a first-time Illinois driver’s license applicant, are age 18, 19 or 20, and have
never been licensed or completed an approved high school or commercial school driver
education program, you must successfully complete a six-hour Adult Driver Education
Course through a Secretary of State certified adult driver education provider before
obtaining a license. More information is available by visiting ilsos.gov.
• A driver under age 18 is not allowed to drive any vehicle for-hire transporting property
(e.g., delivery persons) or any vehicle requiring a commercial driver’s license.
• A driver under age 21 is not allowed to drive any vehicle for-hire that is transporting more
than 10 passengers, a commuter van, a religious organization bus, a school bus, a vehicle
transporting senior citizens or a child care vehicle.
Exemptions
You may drive in Illinois without a valid Illinois driver’s license if you meet one of the fol-
lowing circumstances:
• If you have permanently moved to Illinois from another state or country and have a valid
non-Illinois driver’s license. You must obtain an Illinois license within 90 days or before
your driver’s license expires, whichever comes first.
• If you are visiting or driving through Illinois and have a valid driver’s license from your
home state or country.
• If you are an out-of-state student attending an Illinois college/university, you and your
spouse and children may drive with a valid license from your home state or country.
• If you are on active duty with the U.S. Armed Forces, you and your spouse and dependent
children living with you may drive with a valid license from your home state.
• If you are serving in the U.S. Armed Forces outside the United States, but are a legal res-
ident of Illinois, you and your spouse and dependent children living with you may drive
during the first 120 days of your return if you previously obtained a deferral of your driver’s
license.
• If you are serving as a civilian employee for the U.S. Armed Forces or the U.S. Department
of Defense outside the United States, but are a legal resident of Illinois, you and your
spouse and dependent children living with you may drive during the first 120 days of your
return if you previously obtained a deferral of your driver’s license.
• If you are employed by the U.S. government or a member of the U.S. Armed Forces, you
do not need a valid Illinois license if traveling on official business and driving a vehicle
owned by or leased to the government.
• If you are operating a road machine temporarily on the roadway or farm tractor between
the farm buildings and nearby farmland.
5
Changing the Name/Address on an
Illinois Driver’s License/ID Card
If you have legally changed your name, you must apply for a corrected driver’s license/ID
card. This must be done within 30 days of the name change. You must provide documenta-
tion that links your new name to the name on your current driver’s license/ID card and on
file with the Secretary of State’s office. The name displayed on the driver’s license/ID card
will be your full given name and surname as recorded at birth, at marriage, by the Social
Security Administration or as otherwise established through legal action.
You must notify the Secretary of State’s office of an address change within 10 days of
any move by:
• Visiting a Driver Services facility,
• Visiting ilsos.gov online services, or
• Writing to the Secretary of State, Driver Services Department, Address Change, 2701 S.
Dirksen Pkwy., Springfield, IL 62723.
You will not receive an updated DL/ID reflecting the address change unless you visit a facil-
ity, present acceptable documents to prove residency including a valid mailing address (see
page 105), and pay the appropriate fee.
Document/ID Requirements for

Driver’s License/ID Card
To receive an Illinois driver’s license/ID card, you must provide acceptable forms of identi-
fication to prove your legal name, date of birth, Social Security number, residency and
signature. Please refer to the Acceptable Identification Documents chart on page 105 for a
list of documents that may be used. Please note the following:
• Signature comparison is required in the verification process.
• The number of documents required depends on whether you are applying for a driver’s
license/ID card for the first time or requesting a duplicate or corrected driver’s license/ID
card.
• You must provide a valid mailing address at the time of application.
You will be required to have a photo taken, surrender all other Illinois driver’s licenses/iden-
tification cards/instruction permits, pass the appropriate exams and pay the appropriate fee.
First-time REAL ID-Compliant Driver’s License/ID Card Applicant

Applicants applying for a REAL ID-compliant driver’s license/ID card for the first time (even
if they already hold a standard issued driver’s license/ID card) are required to present the
documentation of the following:
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• Proof of identity* (including U.S. citizenship or lawful status);
• Proof of date of birth;
• Proof of Social Security number;
• Proof of signature; and
• Two documents to prove Illinois residency.
*If an applicant brings identity documents with a name different from their current legal
name (such as a certified birth certificate), they must bring additional documentation
indicating the reason for the name change (such as a certified marriage certificate, copy of
divorce decree, adoption papers, etc.).
First-time Standard Issued Illinois Driver’s License/ID Card Applicant

An applicant applying for a standard issued Illinois driver’s license/ID card for the first time
is required to present documentation of the following:
• Proof of Social Security number;
• Proof of residency (one document); and
• Proof of signature.
Please refer to the Acceptable Identification Documents Chart on page 105 for a list of doc-
uments that may be used. One document may satisfy more than one group.
Those applying for a disabled ID card must also present a form titled Application for an
Illinois Person with a Disability Identification Card. This form must be properly completed
and signed by a medical professional.
Duplicate/Corrected Driver’s License/ID Card

An applicant applying for either a duplicate or corrected driver’s license/ID card is required
to present documentation of the following:
• Proof of written signature; and
• Proof of residency if the applicant is requesting an address change to appear on the
document.
An applicant may apply for a duplicate driver’s license/ID card on ilsos.gov online services
as long as there are no changes to address, name or date of birth.
An applicant requesting a change in name, date of birth, Social Security number or gender
must provide identification to link the change from the previous information to the new
information.
An applicant under age 60 whose license was stolen must present a police report that
states the license/ID was stolen to receive a duplicate DL/ID at no cost. Persons over age
60 do not need a police report for a duplicate driver’s license/ID card at no cost.
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Driver’s License/ID Card Renewal
About 90 days before your license expires, you should receive a renewal notice from the
Secretary of State’s office with information on what documents must be provided and what
tests are necessary. You may renew your license up to one year before a two- or four-year
driver’s license expires. You may renew up to six months before a one-year driver’s license
expires.
You may not receive a renewal notice if you fail to notify the Secretary of State’s office of
a change of name or address. It is the driver’s responsibility to renew the license
before expiration, regardless of whether a renewal letter is received.
A driver’s license is valid for four years and expires on the driver’s birthday except in the
following cases:
• Drivers under age 21 — license expires three months after their 21st birthday.
• Drivers ages 81-86 — license valid for two years.
• Drivers ages 87 and older — license requires annual renewal.
• Drivers holding a temporary visitor driver’s license — expires in three years or upon the
expiration of immigration documents.
Standard Renewal
To renew your driver’s license, you must:
• Visit a Driver Services facility and present your current license/ID.
• Visit ilsos.gov online services if you received a pin renewal notice.
• Take the appropriate exam(s), if applicable.
• Pay the appropriate fee and have a new photo taken.
If you are unable to surrender your current driver’s license or ID card, you must present
proof of signature. If you need to change your address, you must present one residency
document if you hold a standard driver’s license or ID card and two residency documents if
you hold a REAL ID. If you do not have your current driver’s license or ID card or you need
to make changes, you must present documentation of the following:
• Social Security number;
• Proof of residency if you are requesting an address change to appear on the document
(two documents if applying for REAL ID and one document if applying for standard
issued); and
• Proof of written signature.
If you are renewing a REAL ID-compliant driver’s license or ID card and are not a U.S. citizen,
you must present current documentation of lawful status.
8
Upon payment and successful completion of any required testing, the Secretary of State
will issue a temporary, secure paper driver’s license/ID card, which is valid for 90 days.
After a review and verification of documents, a permanent driver’s license or ID card will
be printed at a centralized location and mailed to you, usually within 15 business days, to
the address provided by you at the Driver Services facility. Driver’s license and/or ID cards
will not be delivered by the post office if there is a forwarding order or any type of hold on
mail service for the address you provided.
If you do not receive the permanent driver’s license or identification card after 15 business
days of visiting a facility, you can check the status at ilsos.gov or call 217-782-7044.
Safe Driver Renewal

The Safe Driver Renewal Program enables certain drivers with a clean driving record to
renew their driver’s licenses from home and visit a Driver Services facility only once every
eight years. An eligible driver will receive a notice in the mail detailing how to complete
the renewal process online, by phone or by mail. To be eligible for Safe Driver Renewal, a
driver must:
• Be ages 22-74;
• Not hold a commercial driver’s license (CDL) or school bus driver permit;
• Have no traffic infractions, sanctions, crash reports or medical report review require-
ments; and
• Have Social Security information verified through the Social Security Online Verification
System.
Note: REAL ID-compliant applicants who are not U.S. citizens are not eligible for Safe
Driver Renewal.
Penalties for Driver’s License/ID Card Fraud

Persons are subject to arrest, possible imprisonment of up to five years and a 12-month
suspension or revocation of their driving privileges for the following offenses:
• Signing a driver’s license/ID card application that includes false information.
• Presenting false identification for the purposes of obtaining a driver’s license/ID card.
• Using a fictitious or unlawfully altered driver’s license/permit.
• Presenting another person’s driver’s license/ID card as their own.
• Allowing another person to knowingly use identification documents to apply for a driver’s
license/ID card using their name.
Medical Report
When applying for a driver’s license, you will be asked about any physical or mental con-
ditions that may potentially impair your safe operation of a motor vehicle or any med-
ications (prescribed or over-the-counter), drugs or alcohol that may impair your driving
ability. In certain instances, you must provide a Medical Report completed by a licensed
9
physician verifying your medical ability to safely operate a motor vehicle. The report must
be presented to the Driver Services facility personnel within 90 days from the date the
physician signs it. The form is available at any Driver Services facility or at ilsos.gov.
If you develop a medical condition that is likely to cause a loss of consciousness or any loss
of ability to operate a vehicle safely, you must notify the Secretary of State’s office within
10 days of becoming aware of the condition. Failure to do so may lead to cancellation of
your driver’s license and driving privileges.
Driving Records/Abstracts
The Secretary of State keeps records of the traffic violations and crashes you accumulate
while licensed in Illinois. If you are convicted of a traffic violation while driving in another
state, the offense will be included on your record. If you are not a resident of this state and
are convicted of a traffic violation in Illinois where immediate action is required, a record
will be established for you in Illinois and the traffic violation also will be reported to your
home state.
You may purchase a copy of your driving record online at ilsos.gov or at select Driver Services
facilities. To locate a facility, visit ilsos.gov, and click on Facility Finder. Driving
records/abstracts also may be obtained by submitting a written request to: Secretary of
State, Abstract Unit, 2701 S. Dirksen Pkwy., Springfield, IL 62723. The request must include
your full name, date of birth and driver’s license number, along with the appropriate fee.
The person requesting the driving record must provide proper identification.
Non-Driving Programs
Related to the Driver’s License
The Secretary of State’s office is required to ask certain non-driving-related questions during
the driver’s license/ID card application process. Among these are:
• Illinois Organ/Tissue Donor Registry — Applicants age 16 and older will be asked
to join the registry. More information on the Organ/Tissue Donor Program is available by
visiting www.LifeGoesOn.com or calling 800-210-2106.
• Veteran Designation — A “VETERAN” designation may be placed on the face of an Illi-
nois driver’s license/ID card at the request of the card applicant. At the time of application,
the applicant must provide proof of an honorable discharge from any branch of the U.S.
military or retirement from the U.S. military or show service as a reservist or member of
the National Guard. More information is available by visiting ilsos.gov or calling the Illinois
Department of Veterans’ Affairs at 800-437-9824.
• Voter Registration — A person applying for a standard driver’s license/ID card will be
informed if they are currently registered to vote and if so, at what address. If they are not
registered, the person will be asked if they wish to register to vote or to update their voter
registration address. The application will be electronically transmitted to the Illinois State
Board of Elections. A person applying for a Real ID compliant driver’s license/ID card and
who has provided proof of U.S. citizenship will be advised that their driver’s license/ID
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card application will also serve as an application to register to vote, and the information
will be electronically transmitted to the Illinois State Board of Elections, unless they opt
out of voter registration. The Board of Elections will forward voter registration applications
to the appropriate local election authority. A Temporary Visitors Driver’s License applicant
is not eligible to register to vote.
• Selective Service — Federal law requires all males ages 18-25 to register with the
Selective Service System. The signature on the driver’s license/ID card application of any
qualifying male certifies that he has registered or, if not already registered, authorizes
the Secretary of State’s office to submit his information to the Selective Service System
for registration.
• Emergency Contact Database — Illinois driver’s license/ID card holders may register
with the Illinois Emergency Contact Database. The program allows a person to provide
emergency contact information for law enforcement or emergency responders in the
event of a crash or emergency situation. Individuals registering may also provide infor-
mation concerning disabilities or special medical needs. More information is available
by visiting ilsos.gov.
Driver’s License/State ID Card Fees*

Driver’s License/Permit
Instruction Permit...............................................................................................................$20
Driver’s License, ages 18-20 ................................................................................................$5
Driver’s License, ages 21-68 ..............................................................................................$30
Driver’s License, ages 87 and older ..................................................................................Free
Temporary Visitor Driver’s License**.................................................................................$30
New Classification added; not at time of renewal (except CDL) ........................................$5
School Bus Permit................................................................................................................$4
Note: In addition to the regular driver’s license fee, an applicant will pay an addi-
tional $5 fee to add/renew an M or L motorcycle classification.
State ID Card
State ID Card, under age 18 ................................................................................................$5
State ID Card, ages 18-64..................................................................................................$20
State ID Card, ages 65 and older; Persons with Disabilities ...........................................Free
Duplicate/Corrected Driver’s License/Permit

Duplicate/Corrected Driver’s License/Permit ......................................................................$5
Duplicate/Corrected Driver’s License/Permit ages 81-86 ...................................................$2
Duplicate/Corrected Driver’s License/Permit ages 87 and older .....................................Free
__________
* The cost for REAL ID-compliant DL/ID documents and standard issued documents is the same.
** Effective July 1, 2024, Temporary Visitors Driver’s Licenses (TVDLs) will no longer be issued. Appli-
cants who would have been eligible for a TVDL will be eligible to apply for a standard driver’s
license. Additional information will be available at ilsos.gov.
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Duplicate/Corrected Temporary (90-day) Driver’s License ..................................................$5
Duplicate/Corrected Temporary Visitor Driver’s License.....................................................$5
Duplicate Driver’s License/Permit, under age 60 (license was stolen,
full police report required) ...........................................................................................Free
Duplicate Driver’s License/Permit, ages 60 and older (license was lost/stolen).............Free
Duplicate/Corrected State ID Card

Duplicate Temporary (90-day) State ID Card .......................................................................$5
Duplicate State ID Card, under age 18................................................................................$5
Duplicate State ID Card, ages 18-64 ................................................................................$20
Duplicate State ID Card (ID card was stolen, full police report required)........................Free
Duplicate State ID Card, ages 60 and older (ID card was lost/stolen) ............................Free
Corrected Temporary (90-day) State ID Card .......................................................................$5
Corrected State ID Card, under age 18................................................................................$5
Corrected State ID Card, ages 18-64.................................................................................$10
Corrected State ID Card, ages 65 and older.....................................................................Free
Active Members of the Armed Services (also spouses/children residing at home)

Duplicate License/Permit/State ID Card ..........................................................................Free
Fees are subject to legislative change. For up-to-date fee information, visit ilsos.gov. CDL
fees are available in the Commercial Driver’s License Study Guide.
Expanded Online Services

The Secretary of State has expanded online services for the public by allowing access to
information by visiting ilsos.gov. Some of these services include:
• Renewing a valid driver’s license for qualifying drivers;
• Renewing a valid ID card for those ages 22-64 (seniors 65 and older have free, non-
expiring IDs);
• Obtaining a driver record abstract;
• Renewing a license plate sticker;
• Filing Business Services documents, such as incorporations and annual reports; and
• Customers with issues involving administrative hearings may contact adminhearings@
ilsos.gov.
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Chapter 2: Driver’s License Exams
When applying for a driver’s license, you may be required to complete a vision screening,
as well as written and driving exams. A vision screening and a written test are required for
the issuance or renewal of all permits.
You are allowed three attempts to pass each of these exams within one year from the date
you paid your application fee.
If you have a traffic crash or other moving violation on your driving record, you may be
required to take the written and/or driving exams.
Cheating and Bribery

During the written exam, applicants will be warned if they are observed doing something
that could be considered suspicious. This could be, but is not limited to, an open book within
the applicant’s field of vision, looking around, or checking a cellphone or other wireless
device while taking the exam. Any applicant found cheating will fail the exam and be pro-
hibited from retaking it for 30 days. Taking any part of the driver’s license exam for
another person is a criminal offense punishable by a fine and a mandatory mini-
mum seven days in jail.
The Secretary of State’s office may deny the issuance of a driver’s license and/or instruction
permit to any person who attempts to influence any act related to the issuance of the doc-
ument. This includes attempting to bribe or influence an employee of the Secretary of State’s
office, the owner of a commercial driver school, or any individual authorized to give driving
instructions or administer any part of a driver’s license examination.
Vision Screening
All driver’s license applicants must have a vision screening or submit a Vision Specialist
Report completed by a licensed optometrist, ophthalmologist or physician dated within six
months of a facility visit. This form is available at any local Driver Services facility or at
ilsos.gov. Vision requirements include:
• Minimum visual acuity of 20/40 with or without corrective lenses. A driver with acuity
between 20/41 and 20/70 is limited to daylight driving only.
• At least 140 degree peripheral vision (the ability to see to the side) with or without cor-
rective lenses.
If you wear glasses or contact lenses, a restriction will be noted on your license, requiring
you to wear glasses or contact lenses when operating a vehicle. If you wear telescopic
lenses, you must meet special requirements and undergo additional vision testing to receive
a license.
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Written Exam
Every driver must take a written exam every eight years, except a driver having no traffic
convictions. The basic written exam requires you to:
• Identify traffic signs by shape, color or symbol.
• Identify signals and pavement markings.
• Answer multiple-choice and true-or-false questions about traffic laws, safety rules, crash
prevention and vehicle equipment.
The exam requirements for motorcycles, trucks and buses vary. You should consult the
appropriate operator’s manual for these types of vehicles.
Driving Exam
New drivers are required to take a driving exam. Drivers ages 79 and older and any driver
turning 79 or older who are renewing their driver’s license must take a driving exam.
If the applicant is age 21 or older and driving for the first time, enrollment in driving school
for adults is suggested prior to applying for a driver’s license.
To take a driving exam, the vehicle used must:

• Be properly licensed and have the required equipment listed on page 92.
• Be in the same weight class as sought on their driver’s license application.
• Be properly insured. Proof of insurance must be provided at the time of the exam.
• Display valid front and rear Illinois license plates and a valid registration sticker. If the
vehicle is registered outside of Illinois, it must meet the registration requirements of the
respective state.
• Be driven to the facility by a driver with a valid driver’s license/permit.
Only the examiner is allowed to be with you during the driving exam. Children or pets are
not allowed in the vehicle during the exam and cannot be left unattended in the facility
while the driving exam is underway. If you bring children or pets with you, you must bring
someone to take care of them.
During the driving exam, you and the examiner must wear safety belts, as required by law.
You will automatically fail the exam if you commit any traffic violation or any dangerous
action while taking the exam.
You are graded on your ability to perform several driving tasks and maneuvers, including
the following:
• Checking the vehicle controls, including the parking brake and mirrors. You must make
all adjustments to seats, safety belts, mirrors and other equipment before the vehicle is
put into motion.
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• Backing the vehicle approximately 50 feet at a slow speed, straight and smoothly.
Turn your head to the right and watch to the rear when performing this maneuver.
• Performing a turnabout using an alley on the left side of the street. Turn your left signal
on before turning into the alley, back the car out of the alley and stay on your side of the
street.
• Parking uphill on the side of the road. (See page 34.)
• Starting uphill from a parked position. (See page 34.)
• Parking downhill on the side of the road. (See page 34.)
• Starting downhill from a parked position. (See page 34.)
• Controlling your vehicle by obeying all traffic signs, controls devices, rights of way, lane
markings and properly using turn signals.
Special Services
The Secretary of State’s office provides the following special services for senior citizens,
persons with disabilities and veterans:
• Free Rules of the Road Review Courses.
• License plates and parking placards for persons with disabilities.
• Reduced-fee license plate renewal fees for seniors age 65 and older and persons with
disabilities who meet income criteria through the Benefit Access Program (formerly
known as the Circuit Breaker Program). For more information, individuals should contact
the Illinois Department on Aging.
• Interpreter service for applicants who are deaf or hard of hearing when obtaining or
renewing a driver’s license. Applicants needing interpreter service should make the
request in advance of their visit to the facility by calling 312-814-5683 or 888-261-5238
(TTY, NexTalk).
• Oral examinations (for the written test) can be requested in person at any Secretary of
State driver’s license facility, Monday through Thursday. The services are provided for
applicants who may have a language barrier or any type of reading or learning disability.
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Chapter 3: Drivers Under Age 21
In Illinois, most people under age 18 learn to drive in high school or at a commercial driver
training school licensed by the Secretary of State’s office. Approved driver education courses
include at least 30 hours of classroom study and six hours of behind-the-wheel training in
a regular passenger vehicle.
Obtaining an Instruction Permit

If you are age 15-17, you may receive an instruction permit with acceptable proof from the
authorized driver education provider. The document must state you are enrolled in an
approved driver education course and/or will start attending an approved driver education
course within the next 30 days. The instruction permit is valid for 24 months and must be
held for at least nine consecutive months prior to obtaining a driver’s license if you are age
15-17. If you are age 17 and 3 months or older, you may apply for an instruction permit with-
out taking a driver education course. When applying for an instruction permit, you must
pass the vision and written exams for the license classification you are seeking. The test
results are valid until the expiration of the permit.
Your instruction permit allows you to drive with an adult instructor during the behind-the-
wheel portion of a driver education course. It also allows you to drive with a parent, legal
guardian or responsible adult who is age 21 or older, has a valid license and has at least
one year of driving experience. This individual must sit in the front passenger seat adjacent
to you. After you have successfully completed the driver education course, you may continue
practice driving with an instruction permit, under the direct supervision of a responsible
adult, as outlined above.
Illinois law requires drivers under age 18 to have at least 50 hours of behind-the-wheel
supervised driving, including 10 hours of nighttime supervised driving, in addition to the
driver education training, before being eligible to obtain a driver’s license at age 16. A
driving log to track the supervised practice hours is available at ilsos.gov or in the Parent-
Teen Driving Guide.
Applying for an Illinois Driver’s License

Driver’s licenses for persons under age 21 are printed vertically with distinct features. To
apply for a driver’s license before age 18, you must bring the following documents to the
Driver Services facility:
• Instruction permit;
• Acceptable forms of identification (see page 105);
• Affidavit/Consent For Minor To Drive (if applicable);
• Cooperative Driver Testing Certificate (if applicable); and
• 50-hour driving log with proper signature.
16
If you are applying for a REAL ID-compliant driver’s license, you must also bring all the required
identity documents. See page 6 for section on First-Time REAL ID-Compliant Applicants.
The Secretary of State’s office must have received notification of your successful completion
of driver education, and the notation must appear on your driving record before a driver’s
license is issued. Students whose birthdays fall on certain spot check dates are required to
pass a driving exam administered at a Driver Services facility even though they may have
taken and passed a road test conducted by their driver education instructor. If you receive
your driver’s license prior to the expiration of the instruction permit, you will not be required
to pay an additional fee when applying for your driver’s license.
Driver Education and the

Cooperative Driver Testing Program
High school students who successfully complete an accredited driver education course of
classroom and behind-the-wheel instruction with a combined grade of A or B may be exempt
from taking a Secretary of State administered driving exam when applying for a driver’s
license. School districts are encouraged to participate in this voluntary program by contact-
ing the Secretary of State’s office. More information on the requirements for this program
is available at ilsos.gov.
Upon successful completion of the classroom and behind-the-wheel portions of driver edu-
cation through a local high school, the Secretary of State’s office will receive notification
and add a notation to the individual’s driver’s license record. After successful completion
of a driving exam, the prospective driver may be issued a Cooperative Driver Testing Cer-
tificate, which must be signed by the driver education instructor and the student’s
parent/legal guardian. The certificate expires on the same day as the student’s instruction
permit and will not be extended. It must be presented at the Driver Services facility when
applying for the driver’s license.
Students under age 18 who drop out of high school cannot have the notation indicating
completion placed on their driver’s license record unless:
• The instructor has written verification of enrollment in a GED or alternative program;
• The applicant has a GED;
• Prior to dropping out, they received passing grades in at least eight courses in the previous
two semesters; or
• They have written consent from their parents or legal guardian and the regional super-
intendent.
The local superintendent or chief school administrator may waive conditions deemed in the
best interest of the student or dropout. Successful completion of driver education may be
verified by contacting the Illinois State Board of Education at 217-782-4322.
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First-Time Drivers — Age 18-20
If you are age 18, 19 or 20, and have not previously been licensed or completed an
approved driver education program, you must complete a six-hour Adult Driver Education
Course. The Adult Driver Education Course can only be taught by providers certified by
the Secretary of State’s office. Courses may be taught in a classroom setting or online,
depending on the certification of a provider. Completion of an Adult Driver Education
Course from a provider not certified by the Secretary of State’s office will not be accepted.
More information on the Adult Driver Education Course is available at ilsos.gov.
Graduated Driver Licensing Program

Illinois’ Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) Program requires drivers ages 15-20 to work their
way toward full-driving privileges. There are three progressive stages, usually beginning
at age 15, when most young drivers obtain their learner’s permit. Young drivers must earn
the right to move from one phase to the next, based on their driving behavior. Each phase
of the GDL process sets forth specific guidelines for a teen driver.
Permit Phase — Drivers Age 15

• Nighttime driving restrictions — Sun.-Thurs., 10 p.m.-6 a.m.; Fri.-Sat., 11 p.m.-6 a.m.
(local curfews may differ).
• Permit must be held for a minimum of nine months.
• Must practice driving a minimum of 50 hours, including 10 hours at night, supervised by
a parent or adult age 21 or older with a valid driver’s license.
• Must not acquire any driving infractions, underage alcohol convictions or court supervi-
sions during the nine-month permit phase.
• Number of passengers is limited to one in the front seat and the number of safety belts
in the back seat.
• Any wireless/cellphone use while driving, including a hands-free device, is prohibited
for a driver under age 19, except in the case of an emergency to contact a law enforce-
ment agency, health care provider or emergency services agency.
• Permit is valid for up to two years.
Initial Licensing Phase — Drivers Ages 16-17

• Nighttime driving restrictions — Sun.-Thurs., 10 p.m.-6 a.m.; Fri.-Sat., 11 p.m.-6 a.m.
(local curfews may differ).
• Must maintain a conviction-free driving record for six months prior to turning 18. A traffic
conviction during the Initial Licensing Phase may extend restrictions beyond age 18.
• For the first 12 months of licensing, or until the driver turns 18, whichever occurs first, the
number of passengers is limited to one person under age 20, unless the passenger(s) is a
sibling, stepsibling, child or stepchild of the driver. After this period, the number of pas-
sengers is limited to one in the front seat and the number of safety belts in the back seat.
18
Full Licensing Phase — Drivers Ages 18-20
• No age-related restrictions apply except in cases where a driver fails to move from the
Initial Licensing Phase to the Full Licensing Phase.
For more information about the GDL program, please refer to the Illinois Graduated Driver
Licensing Program brochure at ilsos.gov. Brochures are available at any local Driver Serv-
ices facility, high school driver education program or a commercial driving school program.
Parental Responsibility
• Parental Consent — A driver age 16-17 must have the written consent of a parent/legal
guardian to obtain a driver’s license. The parent/legal guardian who gave initial consent
may cancel the minor’s license at any time, for any reason, until the driver turns 18 by
contacting the Secretary of State’s office. Driving privileges will not be reinstated until
the parent/legal guardian who withdrew consent, once again, provides consent or until
the driver turns 18, whichever occurs first. The teen driver must reapply for a driver’s
license, take all applicable exams and pay the appropriate fees.
• Parental Access to Teen’s Driving Record — The parent/legal guardian of a person
under age 18 who holds an instruction permit or graduated driver’s license may access
their minor’s driving record at no cost by visiting ilsos.gov and using a personal identifi-
cation number (PIN) provided by the Secretary of State’s office.
• Instruction Permit Completion Check — Students who are under age 21 and who
hold a valid instruction permit, as well as their parent/legal guardian, may go to the Sec-
retary of State’s website using the Instruction Permit number to determine if their high
school driver’s education completion/certification has been added to their driving record.
• Parent-Teen Driving Guide — A Parent-Teen Driving Guide is available to assist
parents in teaching their teen driver the skills they need to know before starting to drive
on their own. The guide is available at ilsos.gov.
• Parent-Teen Driving Contract — The Secretary of State’s office provides a vol-
untary Parent-Teen Driving Contract that establishes parameters and boundaries
between parents and a teenager to enable a young driver to acquire safe driving
habits and skills. The contract is available in the Parent-Teen Driving Guide or
at ilsos.gov.
Related Laws
• Court Supervision for Moving Violations — A driver under age 21 is limited to one
court supervision for serious traffic offenses. To obtain court supervision for a traffic vio-
lation, a driver must attend traffic safety school. If they are under age 18, they must
appear in court with a parent/legal guardian. If receiving court supervision for certain
alcohol-related violations, a driver under age 18 will be denied a full graduated driver’s
license for nine months.
19
• Loss of Driving Privileges for Moving Violations — A driver under age 21 who is
convicted of two or more moving violations within a 24-month period will have their
driver’s license suspended for a minimum of 30 days. The length of the suspension varies
according to the seriousness of the traffic offenses. A driver may be required to complete
a driver remedial education course as part of reinstatement of driving privileges. This
information will be indicated on the suspension notice. A suspended driver may be, but
is not always, eligible for a Restricted Driving Permit during the suspension period.
• Driver’s License Suspension for Alcohol Consumption — A person under age 21
who receives court supervision for possession, consumption, purchase or receipt of
alcohol will receive a three-month driver’s license suspension if the offense occurred
while the person was an occupant of a motor vehicle. A conviction will result in a mini-
mum six-month suspension of driving privileges if the offense occurred while the person
was an occupant of a motor vehicle.
• Driver’s License Suspension for Nighttime Driving Restriction Violation — Persons
under age 18 who violate the nighttime driving restriction during the Permit Phase or the
Initial Licensing Phase listed on page 18 may have their driving privileges suspended. See
Chapter 6, page 52, for information regarding a driver under 21.
• Crash Involving Bodily Harm or Death — Persons under age 18 who are charged with
an offense due to a crash where a passenger was seriously injured or killed may be denied
issuance/renewal of their driver’s license. Alcohol need not play a factor in the crash.
• Non-Adjudicated Traffic Citation — Persons under age 18 who have been issued a
traffic citation that has not been fully adjudicated by the courts may be denied issuance
of their driver’s license.
— Chapter 3 Study Questions —

1. During the Initial Licensing Phase, a teen driver is allowed only two passengers under
age 20 in the vehicle during the first 12 months of licensing.
n True n False
2. In order to obtain court supervision for a traffic violation, a minor must appear in court
with a parent/legal guardian and attend a traffic safety school.
n True n False
3. A parent or legal guardian may request that the driver’s license of a minor be canceled
at any time prior to age 18.
n True n False
4. Illinois drivers under age 16 are required to have at least 50 hours of behind-the-wheel
supervised driving before obtaining their driver’s license.
n True n False
5. Drivers under age 20 are prohibited from using their cellphone while driving except in
the case of an emergency.
n True n False
6. Drivers under age 18 must hold their instruction permit for nine consecutive months
prior to obtaining their driver’s license.
n True n False
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Chapter 4: Traffic Laws
Traffic laws protect all who share Illinois’ streets and highways. It is important to obey the
orders of police officers, firefighters, highway authority officials or uniformed adult school
crossing guards who are directing traffic or performing their official duties.
Proper Action When Stopped by Law Enforcement

• Slow down, activate turn signal and safely pull over onto the right-hand shoulder of the
roadway. If there is no shoulder or it is too narrow to pull over, find the next safest location
and pull over.
• Do not slam on the brakes or stop in the lane of traffic. Do not stop your vehicle on
bridges, curves, next to guardrails, concrete walls, medians or any place where it would
be difficult for other vehicles to pass. A vehicle should not be stopped too close to the
solid white line, as it may get struck by oncoming traffic.
• Stay in the vehicle with both hands clearly in sight on the steering wheel. Keep your
hands on the steering wheel until the police officer instructs you otherwise or the traffic
stop is complete.
• Be prepared for the officer to approach from either the driver or passenger side of your
vehicle.
• Do not exit your vehicle unless asked to do so. Getting out of the vehicle can be perceived
as aggressive behavior and a threat to the police officer’s safety.
• Comply with the officer’s request to see a driver’s license and proof of insurance. If these
items are in the glove box or under the seat or if the proof of insurance is stored for
display on a cellphone, inform the police officer of that fact and then follow the officer’s
directions before retrieving the information. Vehicle operators are required to have a
valid driver’s license, registration and insurance in order to operate a vehicle.
• If you cannot identify an unmarked police vehicle and/or the driver as law enforcement,
drive slowly and carefully below the speed limit and either (1) pull over at a well-lit, pop-
ulated location, (2) drive carefully to the nearest police station and attempt to attract the
attention of a uniformed officer or (3) call 9-1-1. Activate your vehicle’s hazard lights as a
helpful way to communicate intentions with the police officer.
• If you are being stopped at night, it is acceptable to turn on your interior light of the vehicle.
Be aware that you may have committed a minor traffic violation without realizing it. There
also may be a problem with your vehicle of which you are unaware or the vehicle may be sim-
ilar to one used in a serious crime. Many officers will not provide specific reasons for the stop
until they have obtained your driver’s license, vehicle registration and insurance card.
If the traffic stop results in a ticket or arrest, you:

• Should not debate the reason for the stop or argue with the police officer.
• Should not refuse to sign a ticket if issued. A traffic ticket requires the driver’s signature.
Signing a ticket is not an admission of the driver’s guilt — only an acknowledgment of
receiving the ticket.
21
• Should not be uncooperative with law enforcement at the scene. If you are suspected of
drunk driving, refusal to submit to breath, urine, blood or performance tests can result in
the loss of driving privileges.
• Should not argue about the ticket at the time of issuance. If you believe an offense was
not committed or the ticket was issued unfairly, you will have the opportunity to present
the case in traffic court.
• Should not resist arrest if taken into custody by the police.
You are to be treated with dignity and respect by law enforcement officers. If you believe
that an officer has acted inappropriately during a traffic stop or other encounter, you should
report the conduct to the officer’s superiors as soon as possible. Officers are required to
provide their names and badge numbers upon request. Written complaints can be filed with
the agency’s internal affairs division or civilian complaint board.
Regardless of what action is taken, police officers are legally required to document all traffic
stops, which includes obtaining the driver’s name and address for data collection purposes.
Distracted Driving
Illinois law prohibits the use of handheld cellphones, texting or using other electronic com-
munications while operating a motor vehicle. Hands-free devices or Bluetooth technology
is allowed for persons age 19 and older.
Illinois law prohibits the use of headsets while driving. Headsets are defined as any device,
other than a hearing aid, that allows a person to hear or receive electronic communications.
The use of a single-sided headset or earpiece with a wireless/cellphone device is permitted
while driving. Motorcycle, motor-driven cycle and moped operators may use intercom hel-
mets that permit a driver and/or passengers to speak to one another.
Using hands-free technology such as a headset or voice activated controls is considered a

distraction while driving and can be dangerous. If you must make a phone call, even with
hands-free technology, it is recommended that you pull off to the side of the road before
making the call.
Using a cellphone while holding the device and utilizing the speaker phone is not
considered hands free and is a violation of Illinois law. Watching or streaming a
live video, participating in any video conferencing application, including, but not
limited to, Zoom, Microsoft Teams, or WebEx, or accessing any social media site,
including, but not limited to, Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram, or Twitter on a cell-
phone is also a violation of Illinois law.
The only time you can use a cellphone that is not hands free is:
• To report an emergency situation.
• While parked on the shoulder of a roadway.
• While stopped due to normal traffic being obstructed and the vehicle is in neutral or park.
If you are in a crash with a motor vehicle, bicyclist, pedestrian or any road user
caused by distracted driving, you may face criminal penalties and incarceration.
22
Safety Belt Law
Illinois law requires all drivers and passengers (front and back seat) age 8 and older to wear
safety belts even if the vehicle is equipped with air bags. Passengers under age 8 must be
secured in an appropriate child restraint system as covered by the Child Passenger Protec-
tion Act.
If a passenger has a disability or medical condition that makes them unable to secure their
own safety belt, the driver is responsible for securing and adjusting the safety belt for that
passenger.
It is the responsibility of the driver to ensure ALL passengers obey the safety belt law and
the Child Passenger Protection Act.
Safety Belt Fitting

The lap belt should be worn across the hip bones and should never be positioned across
the stomach or soft part of the abdomen. The shoulder strap should be as snug as possible
but still allow the driver to reach important controls. Adjust the shoulder strap so it is com-
fortable and does not cross the body at or near the neck or face. The shoulder strap of the
seat belt should never be placed behind the back or under the arm.
Air Bag Safety

Air bags are designed to provide supplemental protection in combination with safety belts.
Air bags are lifesaving devices, but special precautions should be taken when driving in air
bag-equipped vehicles.
A distance of 10-12 inches between the driver and the air bag is desirable, especially for
short, elderly or pregnant drivers. Passengers should position their seats as far back as pos-
sible, tilting the seat back slightly if necessary.
Children riding in the front seat can be seriously injured or killed when an air bag deploys
in a crash. It is recommended that children ages 12 and younger be properly secured in the
back seat. If children under age 8 must ride in the front passenger seat with an active air
bag, they should be in a properly installed, appropriate child safety seat with the seat as
far back as possible. Rear-facing child safety seats should never be installed in front of an
active air bag. Some vehicles, such as pick-up trucks, have the option to turn off the pas-
senger side front air bag.
Child Passenger Protection Act

The Child Passenger Protection Act requires all children under age 8 be properly secured in
an appropriate child safety restraint system. This includes the use of booster seats, which
must only be used with a lap/shoulder safety belt. If the back seat of the vehicle is not
equipped with lap/shoulder type safety belts, a child weighing more than 40 pounds may
be transported in the back seat without a booster seat, secured with a lap belt only.
23
Effective Jan. 1, 2019, Illinois law requires children to be properly secured in a rear-facing
child restraint system until age 2 unless they weigh more than 40 pounds or are more than
40 inches tall.
For more information on child safety seat recalls or a safety seat inspected for proper instal-
lation, visit www.safercar.gov.
Speed Limits
Speeding is one of the leading contributors to vehicle crashes, deaths and serious injuries
on roadways. Individuals may drive at the maximum allowable speed only under safe con-
ditions. For safety purposes, a minimum speed limit may be posted along certain roadways.
When minimum limits are not posted, a driver should not drive so slowly as to create inter-
ference with the normal movement of traffic. The following speed limits apply, unless
otherwise posted:
• Interstates and tollways — 70 mph.
• Highways with four lanes — 65 mph.
• Other highways and rural areas — 55 mph.
• City/town areas — 30 mph.
• Alleys — 15 mph.
• School zones — 20 mph (on school days between 6:30 a.m. and 4 p.m. when children
are present and signs are posted).
Local municipalities have the discretion to post speed limits different from those listed.
A driver must take care to slow down when approaching and crossing an intersection, going
around a curve, approaching the top of a hill, or traveling on a narrow and winding roadway.
A driver must be aware that there may always be dangers present due to pedestrians, bicy-
clists, traffic, weather, mechanical problems or road conditions.
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Construction Zones, Emergency Vehicles,
School Zones and Funeral Processions
Construction Zones
When approaching or entering a highway construction or maintenance area (also known
as work zones), Illinois law requires motorists to slow down, discontinue wireless/cellphone
use (unless using a hands-free device that may include the use of a single-sided headset),
yield to any authorized vehicles or workers in the area, change to a lane away from the
workers when possible, and proceed with caution.
Motorists must obey the posted construction zone speed limit 24 hours a day, seven days
a week, regardless of the presence of workers. Standard speed limits may be reduced due
to the presence of workers or because normal driving conditions do not exist in a construc-
tion zone. There may be narrow lanes, drop-offs between lanes or at the edge of the pave-
ment, lane closures, construction equipment or obstructions near open lanes of traffic. The
speed limit may be further reduced when workers are present.
Emergency/Maintenance Vehicles
When approaching a stationary (non-moving) emergency/maintenance vehicle using visual
signals, Illinois law requires motorists to yield, change to a lane away from the emergency
workers when possible and proceed with caution. If a lane change is not possible, reduce
speed and proceed with caution. Illinois law prohibits photography and the use of
wireless/cellphones within 500 feet of an emergency scene, except in certain circumstances.
When being approached by an emergency vehicle using audible and visual signals (lights
and/or sirens), Illinois law requires motorists to immediately pull to the right side of the
road and allow the emergency vehicle to pass. In some cases, a complete stop may be nec-
essary to allow the emergency vehicle to pass. If stopped at an intersection with two-way
traffic, remain stopped until the emergency vehicle passes through the intersection.
A driver is prohibited from driving over fire hoses, unless permitted by a fire official in com-
mand of the scene.
School Zones
When approaching a marked school zone between 6:30 a.m. and 4 p.m., on days when school
is in operation and children are present, a driver must discontinue wireless/cellphone use
(unless using a hands-free device that may include the use of a single-sided headset), reduce
speed to 20 mph, and stop and yield the right of way to any children or adults in the crosswalk
area.
Funeral Processions
Motorists encountering a funeral procession must yield the right of way to all vehicles in
the procession. Motorists in a funeral procession should have their headlights and hazard
lights turned on. Motorists should NOT drive between vehicles in an organized funeral
25
procession, except when directed to do so by a law enforcement officer. Vehicles are pro-
hibited from joining a funeral procession for the purpose of securing the right of way or
attempting to pass any vehicle in an organized funeral procession, except where a passing
lane has been specifically provided. Local municipalities may impound a vehicle that inter-
feres with a funeral procession due to reckless driving.
Right of Way
A driver must yield the right of way to other drivers, bicyclists or pedestrians:
• When making a right turn on a red light after a complete stop.
• After coming to a complete stop at an intersection with a stop sign or flashing red signal.
If there is no stop line, stop before the crosswalk. If there is no crosswalk or stop line,
stop at a place where all approaching traffic can be seen.
• When making a left turn at a red light after a stop from a one-way street to another one-
way street with traffic moving to the left. (See Figure A on page 27.)
• When more than one driver reaches a four-way stop intersection. The first driver to stop
should be the first to go. When two vehicles on different roadways arrive at a four-way
stop intersection at the same time, the vehicle on the left should yield to the vehicle on
the right. (See Figure B on page 27.)
• When entering an intersection with a flashing yellow arrow.
• When two vehicles on different roadways reach an uncontrolled intersection at the same
time. The vehicle on the left should yield to the vehicle on the right.
• When making a left-hand turn into oncoming traffic. If you enter an intersection while
the light is green, you may finish the turn even though the light turns red.
• When approaching a MERGE sign with through traffic. You must increase or decrease
speed to avoid a crash.
• When approaching a YIELD sign. You should slow down or stop to avoid a crash.
• Even after the light turns green when there are vehicles in the intersection.
• When emerging from an alley, building, private road or driveway after coming to a com-
plete stop. (See Figure C on page 27.)
• To cross traffic when on the terminating highway of a “T” intersection with no traffic
control signs or signals. (See Figure D on page 27.)
• When approaching emergency vehicles using audible and visual signals.
A driver may not:

• Enter an intersection or drive within a marked crosswalk unless there is enough space
to allow passage of other vehicles and/or pedestrians.
• Drive onto a railroad crossing.
Pedestrian Right of Way

A driver must come to a complete stop (and yield):
• When a pedestrian is in a marked crosswalk.
• On school days, when children are in close proximity to a school zone crosswalk.
26
Figure A Figure B
“A” and “B” yield to “C”
because “C” arrived at
intersection first.
“A” yields to “B” before turning

from one-way street onto
one-way street moving left.
“A” yields to “B” because

“B” is on the right.
“B” yields to “A” at “T”

intersection with no
signs or signals.
“B” yields to “A” before
entering roadway from
alley or driveway.
Figure C Figure D
A driver must yield:

• When a pedestrian is in an unmarked crosswalk on the driver’s side of the roadway and
there are no traffic control signals.
• When making a turn at any intersection.
• When making a lawful turn on a red light after coming to a complete stop.
• After coming to a complete stop at a stop sign or flashing red signal at an intersection.
• When a pedestrian enters a crosswalk before the traffic light changes.
• When a pedestrian is walking with a green light, to a walking person symbol or to a walk
signal.
• When a pedestrian is leaving or entering a street or highway from an alley, building, pri-
vate road or driveway.
• When a pedestrian is entering an intersection with a flashing yellow arrow.
• To a person with disabilities, including physical, hearing and visual disabilities.
Passing
Drivers must use caution when passing another vehicle. On a two-lane highway, the left
lane should be clearly visible and free of oncoming traffic for a distance great enough to
permit passing. Do not turn back into the right-hand lane until the entire vehicle they have
just passed is visible in the rearview mirror. You must return to your lane before getting
27
within 200 feet of an oncoming vehicle. The driver of the vehicle you are passing must not
increase speed until you have completed your maneuver.
It is against the law to flash turn signals as a courtesy or “do pass” signal to other drivers.
Driving off the pavement or main traveled part of the road is not allowed when passing another
vehicle on the right or the left. When passing a pedestrian who is walking on the road or shoul-
der of the roadway, keep a minimum of 3 feet between your vehicle and the pedestrian. When
passing a bicyclist on any road, including a bicyclist on the road shoulder or in a dedicated
bicycle lane, keep a minimum distance of 3 feet from the bicyclist.
You may pass on the right (but not on the shoulder except for authorized vehicles):
• When you have enough room on a two-lane roadway, and when the vehicle you are pass-
ing is making or is about to make a left turn.
• On a one-way street or on a roadway with two or more clear lanes in each direction.
• At an intersection widened for this purpose.
Do Not Pass — Black Car is Breaking the Law
No Passing Zone Curve
Hill Railroad, Bridge, Tunnel, Viaduct
Passing on a two-lane, two-way roadway is not allowed:

• In an area marked for no passing by a solid yellow line or with a DO NOT PASS or NO
PASSING ZONE sign.
• On a hill or curve where it is not possible to see oncoming vehicles.
28
• Within 100 feet of an intersection or railroad crossing.
• When the view is blocked within 100 feet of any bridge, viaduct or tunnel.
• When a vehicle has stopped at a crosswalk or intersection to allow a pedestrian to cross.
• In a construction zone. All constructions zones in Illinois are no passing zones.
• In any school zone located in an unincorporated area.
• In any posted school zone in an incorporated area.
• When a school bus has stopped to load or discharge passengers.
Lane Usage
You must drive on the right half of the roadway except:
• When passing another vehicle moving in the same direction on a two-lane highway, inter-
state highway or controlled freeway.
• When a blockage makes it necessary to drive to the left of the center line. You may drive
on the left after yielding to oncoming traffic.
• On a roadway divided into three marked lanes for traffic.
• On a one-way street with two or more lanes of traffic.
• When directed to drive in a left lane by traffic control signs and signals on a multilane,
two-way highway.
• When crossing the center line to make a left turn into or from an alley, private road or
driveway.
• When approaching a stationary emergency vehicle or disabled vehicle on the side of the
highway.
• When roadway construction is located in or in close proximity to the right lane or right
shoulder.
When driving on an interstate highway or full access controlled freeway, a driver may not
drive in the left lane(s), except when passing another vehicle. Exceptions include when:
• No other vehicle is directly behind the vehicle being driven in the left lane.
• Traffic conditions/congestion make it impractical to drive in the right lane.
• Weather conditions make it necessary to use the left lane(s).
• There is an obstruction or hazard in the right lane.
• The driver is changing lanes to yield to emergency or construction vehicles.
Additional rules apply in certain situations:
• Slow vehicles must use the right-hand lane except when passing or making a left turn.
• Weaving from lane to lane to move faster than the traffic flow is unlawful.
• Traffic must travel in the direction of posted one-way streets or roadways. This rule does
not apply to police and emergency vehicles using sirens or flashing lights.
• It is unlawful to drive across median strips such as unpaved strips or median barriers. A
driver may turn left across a paved dividing-space unless it is not permitted by a traffic
control sign or signal.
• A driver must not enter or leave any controlled-access roadway except at a posted
entrance or exit.
• A driver may not back up on any shoulder or roadway of any controlled-access roadway.
• A driver may not back up on other roadways unless it is done safely and does not interfere
with other vehicles.
29
• A driver or passenger may not open doors on the side of a vehicle where traffic is moving
unless it can be done safely and without interfering with vehicle or bicycle traffic. The
door may remain open only long enough to load or unload passengers. Drivers should
consider using their right hand to open the vehicle door to allow them to turn and check
for oncoming vehicles and bicyclists. This is more commonly known as the Dutch Reach.
A graphic of this movement can be found on page 43.
• It is illegal to engage in a street sideshow, which is an event in which one or more vehi-
cles block or impede traffic on a street or highway to perform unauthorized motor vehicle
stunts, motor vehicle speed contests, or motor vehicle exhibitions of speed.
Signaling
In a business or residential area, you must give a continuous turn signal for at least 100
feet before turning. In other areas, the signal must be given at least 200 feet before turning.
A driver may signal in two ways:

• Electrical turn signals — Apply the right-turn signal for a right turn and the left-turn
signal for a left turn.
• Hand and arm signals — Should give the signal using the left arm. For a right turn, the
hand and arm are extended straight up. For a left turn, the hand and arm are extended
straight out to the left. To slow down or stop, the hand and arm are extended down.
Right Turn Left Turn Slow or Stop
Turning
Right Turns
• Give a right-turn signal from the proper turning lane.
• Obey traffic signs and signals.
• Yield the right of way to pedestrians, emergency vehicles and other vehicles in the inter-
section.
• Check traffic approaching from the left.
• Follow the general curve of the curb while making the right turn. Stay as close as possible
to the curb.
• Turn into the right-hand lane of the roadway you are entering.
• Be aware that trucks and buses may need more space to make a right-hand turn.
• Be aware of any bike lanes and check for bicyclists approaching the intersection.
30
Left Turns:
• Give a left-turn signal from the proper turning lane.
• Obey traffic signs and signals.
• Yield the right of way to pedestrians, emergency vehicles and other vehicles in the inter-
section.
• Check all approaching traffic.
• Point the wheels straight ahead until starting to make the turn.
• Complete the turn into the lane closest to the intended direction.
Two-Way
Two-Way
One-Way
One-Way One-Way
One-Way
Changing Lanes
When moving your vehicle from the right-hand lane to the left-hand lane, check for traffic
behind your vehicle and to the left by turning your head and visually assessing the area. If
the area is clear, give the left-turn signal and carefully move into the left lane.
When moving your vehicle from the left-hand lane to the right-hand lane, check for traffic
behind your vehicle and to the right by turning your head and visually assessing the area.
If the area is clear, give the right-turn signal and carefully move into the right lane.
31
U-Turns
You must not turn around on curves and hills unless you can see for at least 500 feet in all
directions. Municipalities may prohibit U-turns on some roadways.
Hazard Signal
Both turn signals may be flashed at the same time to indicate a disabled or parked vehicle.
Two-Way Left Turn Lane

The two-way left turn lane provides a safe area for cars making left turns at intersections
or for cars turning left into or out of a drive located in the middle of the block.
Turns and Lane Changes in Construction Zones

Pay special attention to signs, barricades and pavement markings when turning or changing
lanes.
Rotaries and Roundabouts

A rotary or roundabout is an intersection where traffic travels around a central island in a
circular, counter-clockwise direction. Roundabouts may have more than one lane of traffic.
Vehicles entering or exiting a roundabout must yield to all traffic including pedestrians and
bicycles. When you approach a roundabout:
• Slow down.
• Look for signs and any pavement markings prohibiting certain movements.
• Enter the roundabout by turning right when safe to do so.
• Stay in your lane.
• Use your vehicle’s right turn signal to let other drivers know you are exiting the roundabout.
Some tips for safely maneuvering in a rotary or roundabout include:

• Look for street and direction signs when approaching and before entering a roundabout.
This will help determine which exit to take. These signs should be posted along the road-
side before reaching the roundabout.
• Do not change lanes or take an exit before checking for vehicles that may be continuing
through the roundabout. Expect vehicles to be in blind spots that cannot be seen in
rearview or side mirrors.
Special Stops
School Buses
A vehicle is not required to stop for a school bus when both vehicles are on a four-lane
roadway and the bus is stopped in the opposite direction from which a driver is traveling.
Any other time, you must stop before meeting or overtaking (passing) a school bus that is
stopped and loading or unloading passengers. This includes:
32
• Any two-lane roadway, in rural areas and within city limits.
• Any roadway, highway or private road.
• Any parking lot located on school property.
A warning will be given by the school bus at least 100 feet (200
feet in rural areas) in advance of a stop. The bus driver will
flash lights on the front and rear of the bus. The school bus
stop signal arm will be extended after the school bus has come
to a complete stop. When approaching a school bus from the
opposite direction, you must come to a complete stop and
remain stopped until the stop signal arm is no longer extended
and the flashing lights are turned off or the school bus driver signals vehicles to pass.
A conviction for passing a stopped school bus with flashing lights and the stop arm extended
will result in the suspension of your driver’s license. If convicted of this violation, you will
be subject to a mandatory fine of $300.00 and community service in an amount set by the
court. If the owner(s) of the vehicle were not driving when the offense occurred, they must
provide the State’s Attorney’s Office with the name of the person driving the vehicle or their
vehicle registration will be suspended for three months.
Railroad Crossing
You must yield the right of way to any approaching train or railroad equipment.
When approaching a railroad crossing, you must stop within 15-50 feet if there is a posted
stop sign, if the electric signal is flashing or if the crossing gate is lowered. You also must
stop if a flagger issues a signal to stop or a train is approaching and/or gives a warning.
You may proceed only after the gate is all the way up, the lights are no longer flashing or
the flagger has signaled traffic to proceed. Visually check all the tracks for any additional
oncoming trains or railroad equipment before proceeding.
If a railroad crossing has no warning devices or only a crossbuck sign (see page 81 for an
example of a crossbuck), slow down, look in both directions of the track and listen for a
train or railroad equipment. If safe to do so, then proceed with caution across the railroad
crossing.
You may not enter a highway railroad crossing unless there is sufficient space on the other
side of the crossing to accommodate your vehicle without obstructing passage of a train or
other railroad equipment using the rails.
Vehicles required by law to stop at most all railroad crossings are vehicles carrying people
for hire, school buses and vehicles carrying hazardous materials.
If your vehicle becomes disabled and is stuck or stalls on railroad tracks, everyone in the
vehicle should get out immediately, call 9-1-1 and move away from the tracks at a 45 degree
angle in the direction of the train. This action keeps everyone safe from the forward flying
debris if the train strikes the vehicle. If possible, the driver or one of the passengers should
33
call the railroad Emergency Notification System. This number is located
on the blue sign affixed to the railroad crossing post near the tracks.
The following are important laws and safety tips when approaching a
railroad crossing:
• Drive as though expecting a train on any track at any time.
• Once a train has passed, always look for a second train on another
track before proceeding.
• Check carefully to make sure there is enough room for a vehicle on the other side of the
railroad track. If there is not enough room, do not cross the tracks.
• If a vehicle has a manual transmission, shift down before reaching the tracks. To avoid
stalling, do not change gears while crossing the track.
• Never race a train.
• Be prepared to stop when behind vehicles required to stop at railroad crossings.
Alleys/Driveways
In urban areas, you must come to a complete stop when moving out of an alley, building,
private road or driveway, and before entering the sidewalk area. If there is no sidewalk,
stop at a point nearest the street or roadway where there is a view of approaching traffic.
After stopping, yield the right of way to pedestrians and all vehicles. If you are making a
turn from the alley or driveway, use the appropriate turn signal indicating your intended
direction.
Parking
Hill Parking
Any time you park on a hill, you should put the gear select in park and set the parking/emer-
gency brake if necessary. When starting a vehicle from an uphill or downhill location, release
the parking/emergency brake, give the correct signal, check for oncoming traffic and proceed
when it is safe to do so.
• If you park on a street with curbing and your vehicle is facing downhill, turn the front wheels
toward the curb so your vehicle will roll toward the curb.
• If you park facing uphill and there is a curb, turn the front wheels away from the curb.
(See illustration below.)
• If you park on a street without curbing, turn the wheels toward the side of the road on
which your vehicle is parked. (See illustration below.)
Downhill Uphill with Curb Uphill or Downhill without Curb
Turn Wheels to Curb Turn Wheels from Curb Turn Wheels to Right
34
Parallel Parking
When parking on streets with two-way traffic, park so the right-hand wheels are parallel
to and within 12 inches of the curb. On a one-way street or road, the vehicle should be
parked within 12 inches of the right or left curb. Vehicles must be parked in the direction in
which traffic is moving.
Parking for Persons with Disabilities

Vehicles displaying license plates or parking placards for persons with disabilities may use
spaces reserved for persons with disabilities. The authorized holder of the parking placard
or license plates must be present and must enter or exit the vehicle at the time the parking
privileges are being used. A striped area on the pavement next to an accessible parking
space is part of the reserved space and vehicles may not use this striped area for parking
even if they have a disabled parking placard or disability license plates. More information
on this program is available on page 99.
Parking for Electric Vehicles

Some parking areas may have spaces equipped with charging stations for electric vehicles.
Only electric vehicles are allowed to park in these designated spaces.
Prohibited Stopping, Standing or Parking

Stopping, standing or parking is prohibited in specified places. Local stopping, standing and
parking regulations may be posted on signs. There are, however, statewide regulations that
are not always indicated by signs.
Stopping, standing or parking is prohibited:
• On the roadway side of any parked vehicle (also known as double parking).
• On a sidewalk, crosswalk or within an intersection.
• Between a safety zone and the adjacent curb.
• In a marked, buffered or barrel protected bike lane.
• Beside or to the opposite of any street excavation or obstruction if the vehicle would
block traffic.
• On any bridge, overpass, railroad track or within a highway tunnel.
• On any controlled-access roadway — one where a vehicle may enter or exit only at
certain points.
• In the area between roadways of a divided highway, including crossovers.
• On a paved roadway or highway outside business or residential districts when it is practical
to stop or park off the roadway. In an emergency, drivers may stop their vehicle and park
only if there is a clear view for 200 feet in each direction. The driver should turn on the
emergency flashers and make sure there is enough space for other vehicles to pass.
• At any place where official signs prohibit stopping, standing or parking.
Standing or parking a vehicle, whether occupied or not, is prohibited:

• In front of a public or private driveway.
• Within 15 feet of a fire hydrant.
35
• Within 20 feet of a fire station driveway or crosswalk at an intersection.
• Within 30 feet of a STOP sign, YIELD sign or traffic control signal.
Parking a vehicle, whether occupied or not, is prohibited:

• Within 50 feet of the nearest rail of a railroad crossing.
• On a highway between sunset and sunrise unless the front and rear
parking lights are displayed or the vehicle is within an urban district
where lights are not required. Headlights on parked vehicles must be
dimmed.
Additional Laws
Motorists should familiarize themselves with local laws as they may vary between munic-
ipalities. Illinois law states that you may not:
• Cause an object to fall from an overpass or other elevated location in the direction of a
moving vehicle with the intent to strike it.
• Drive on a sidewalk except when it is part of a driveway.
• Overload a vehicle with passengers or freight so that the driver’s view is obstructed.
There should be no more people in the front and rear seats as there are seat belts.
• Ride in a house trailer while it is being moved on a street or highway.
• Operate or permit to be operated any sound system (radio, tape player or disc player) at
a volume that can be heard 75 feet or more from a vehicle being driven on a highway.

1. When passing another vehicle, a driver should wait until the entire car the driver just
passed is visible in the rearview mirror before turning back into the right-hand lane.
n True n False
2. After making a proper stop and yielding to traffic or pedestrians within the intersection,
it is permissible for drivers on a one-way street to turn left at a red light onto another
one-way street that moves traffic to the left.
n True n False
3. How should a driver proceed if within an intersection waiting to make a left turn and
the traffic signal light turns red?
a. Wait in the intersection until the light turns green.
b. Yield to oncoming traffic and complete the turn.
c. Make sure it is clear, then back up from the intersection.
4. When on a two-lane roadway, drivers must stop their vehicles when approaching a
stopped school bus with its red warning lights flashing and its stop signal arm extended.
n True n False
36
5. When an authorized vehicle using its sirens and flashing lights approaches a vehicle,
the driver should pull to the right-hand edge of the roadway and wait for the emergency
vehicle to pass.
n True n False
6. What is the penalty for being convicted of illegally passing a stopped school bus?
a. A suspension of driving privileges.
b. A suspension of the vehicle registration.
c. A $30 fine.
7. A driver may pass another vehicle by driving on the shoulder of the road.
n True n False
8. It is permissible to make a right turn against a red-signal light after stopping and yielding
to other vehicles and pedestrians.
n True n False
9. A driver must give the right- or left-turn signal when changing lanes.
n True n False
10. In urban areas, drivers moving out of an alley, building, private road or driveway need not
come to a complete stop before entering the roadway if the roadway is clear of traffic.
n True n False
11. For what distance should a continuous turn signal be given when making a left or right
turn in a business or residential district?
a. Not less than 50 feet before turning.
b. Not less than 75 feet before turning.
c. Not less than 100 feet before turning.
12. A driver may proceed immediately when waiting at an intersection and the traffic signal
light turns green.
n True n False
13. What should drivers do when approaching a construction area?
a. Increase their speed to get out of the way quickly.
b. Slow down, stop all wireless telephone communications and yield the right of way.
c. Honk their horn several times to alert individuals working in the area of their pres-
ence.
14. Drivers must yield to pedestrians in an unmarked crosswalk.
n True n False
15. It is legal for anyone to talk on the phone if using a hands-free device while driving,
unless under age 19.
n True n False
37
16. Speed should be reduced below the posted speed limit for which of the following rea-
sons?
a. Driver is driving in unfavorable weather conditions.
b. Driver is approaching and crossing an intersection.
c. Both of the above.
17. Slow vehicles should use the left-hand lane except when passing or making a left turn.
n True n False
18. When must a driver slow down for a school zone?
a. On school days between 6:30 a.m. and 4 p.m. when children are present and signs
are posted.
b. On weekends.
c. Only during recess.
19. Drivers may open car doors on the side on which traffic is moving only when it can be
done safely and without interfering with traffic.
n True n False
20. It is permissible to pass on a two-lane, two-way roadway within 100 feet of an inter-
section or railroad crossing.
n True n False
21. Only vehicles displaying special plates or parking placards for persons with disabilities
may park in spaces reserved for them by an official PARKING FOR PERSONS WITH DIS-
ABILITIES sign.
n True n False
22. Unless authorized to do so, drivers may not break into the line of a funeral procession.
n True n False
23. After being pulled over by law enforcement, a driver should immediately exit the vehicle
and quickly approach the officer’s squad car.
n True n False
24. If drivers need to obtain insurance or vehicle registration information from the glove
box, they should inform the police officer before doing so.
n True n False
25. All vehicles are required to stop within how many feet of the nearest rail of a railroad
crossing when a train is approaching?
a. between 15 and 50 feet.
b. between 5 and 10 feet.
c. 10 feet.
38
26. When approaching a railroad crossing that has no warning signals (such as electric
flashing lights or gates), a driver should look, listen and slow down.
n True n False
27. If moving with a stream of vehicles across a railroad track, it is safe to stop on the track
for a short period of time.
n True n False
28. After a train clears a crossing that has flashing signals, drivers may proceed after check-
ing for a second train on another track and the lights have stopped flashing.
n True n False
39
Chapter 5: Sharing the Road
The driver of a passenger vehicle must share the road with many types of vehicles and
pedestrians.
Pedestrians
Both drivers and pedestrians are responsible for traffic safety. A driver should always be
prepared to yield the right of way and should not drive unnecessarily close to pedestrians.
When crossing at any place other than a marked or unmarked crosswalk, pedestrians must
give the right of way to drivers. This includes between closely spaced intersections where
traffic signals are in operation. A pedestrian tunnel or pedestrian crossing bridge should
be used when available.
Pedestrians must not walk on a roadway unless there is no sidewalk or shoulder next to it.
Under these conditions, pedestrians should always walk as far from the outside edge of
the road as possible. In two-way traffic, pedestrians should walk facing oncoming traffic.
If a highway does not have a sidewalk but has a shoulder, pedestrians should always walk
on the shoulder as far from the roadway as possible. Pedestrians should not walk on a high-
way when under the influence of alcohol or other drugs.
Pedestrians With Disabilities

When approaching a pedestrian with a disability who is utilizing a guide dog, a white cane,
a wheelchair or other assistive device on a sidewalk or roadway, the person with the
disability has the right of way and is granted the same rights as any pedestrian.
Joggers/Walkers
Joggers/walkers should use jogging paths when provided. On public roads, joggers/walkers
should try to select wide roads with good shoulders. They should face oncoming traffic and
remember to look and listen for cars. At night or any time visibility is poor, joggers/walkers
should be in well-lit areas and wear reflective clothing.
Other Safety Concerns

• Pedestrians must always obey railroad and bridge gates and other barriers.
• Standing on the roadway to ask for a ride (hitchhiking) is illegal.
• Pedestrians should not stand on or next to a highway to ask drivers or passengers for
any type of money or business.
• Pedestrians ages 18 or older may skate on public roadways where the posted speed limit
is 45 mph or less from sunrise to sunset as long as vehicular traffic is not impeded or
obstructed.
40
Children
To ensure the safety of children, drivers and parents should:
• Watch for signs that mark special hazard areas, such as school zones, bus stops, play-
grounds, parks and schools.
• Be ready to reduce speed in residential areas, school areas and places where children
are most likely to be.
• Be extremely watchful when backing in or out of a driveway when children are near.
• Teach children the rights and responsibilities of pedestrians at an early age.
• Assign play areas for children. Parents should make sure children do not play in or near
streets, driveways or other dangerous areas.
Motorcycles
Motorcycle riders have the same rights and responsibilities as other roadway users.
Because of their size and vulnerability in a crash, it is important to pay special attention to
motorcycles.
The failure of motorists to detect and recognize motorcycles in traffic is the most common
cause of motorcycle crashes. Due to their small size, motorcycles may be difficult to see
and motorists tend to underestimate their speed. A driver should expect to see motorcycles
in traffic at any time, not just in the spring and summer. Drivers involved in crashes often
report not seeing the motorcycle or seeing it too late to avoid a collision.
Intersections
More than 50% of all motorcycle crashes occur at intersections. The most common situ-
ation occurs when an oncoming automobile makes a left turn in front of a motorcycle. Watch
for motorcycles before turning and yield the right of way. Be particularly careful when mak-
ing a left turn across lanes of oncoming traffic and wait to be sure of the motorcycle oper-
ator’s intent before proceeding to make a left turn.
Stoplights
If a red light fails to turn green after 120 seconds, a motorcyclist may proceed through an
intersection after yielding the right of way to oncoming traffic.
Lane Sharing
Traffic conditions and road surfaces will determine the area within the lane that the motor-
cyclist will use. Although there may be enough room in the traffic lane for an automobile
and a motorcyclist, remember that the motorcyclist needs the room to maneuver safely and
is entitled to the entire lane. Do not share the lane.
Passing
When being passed by a motorcycle, you should maintain your lane position and speed.
Allow the motorcycle to complete the maneuver and assume proper lane position as quickly
as possible.
41
Following and Stopping Distance
Allow at least three to four seconds following distance when behind a motorcycle so the
motorcyclist has enough time to maneuver in an emergency. In dry conditions, motorcycles
can stop more quickly than a car. Dim your headlights when following all vehicles, including
motorcycles.
Motorcycles can stop in a shorter distance than a car. A motorcyclist’s ability to stop quickly
also may depend on the rider’s experience and training.
Road Conditions
Motorcycles react differently to traffic, weather and road conditions than cars. Riders may
respond in ways a vehicle driver does not expect. Wet or icy roads impair a motorcyclist’s
ability to brake and maneuver. Wind gusts, both natural and those created by large passing
vehicles, can move a motorcycle across an entire lane if the rider is not prepared. Potholes,
oil spills, gravel, debris or railroad tracks often require motorcyclists to change positions
within their lane. Gravel roads decrease traction and may cause a rider to slow down or
brake where a car would not.
In Case of a Crash
Motorcyclists may only be protected by a helmet, eye protection, boots, gloves and durable
clothing. In the event of a crash, use extreme caution and seek emergency medical
assistance.
More information on motorcycle safety is available in the Illinois Motorcycle Operators

Manual, which is available at any Driver Services facility or at ilsos.gov.
Autocycles
An autocycle is a three-wheeled vehicle that has a steering wheel and seating that does
not require the driver to straddle or sit astride it. This type of vehicle may be operated on
Illinois roadways when correctly titled and registered with the Secretary of State. The oper-
ator of the vehicle must have a valid Illinois driver’s license to legally operate the vehicle.
Bicycles
Manual, Gas or Electric Powered
On most roadways, bicyclists (including those on electric bikes or gas driven bicycles that
do not exceed 20 mph) have the same rights and responsibilities as other roadway users
including the right of way.
The following are important laws and safety tips regarding bicyclists:
• Some municipalities have roadways with designated bike lanes. Vehicles are not allowed
to drive, park, idle, or drop off or pick up passengers in these bike lanes even if bicyclists
are not present.
42
• Bicyclists may need to ride outside a bike lane, and drivers should be prepared to safely
move around them.
• Bicyclists are prohibited on controlled-access highways, expressways and certain other
marked roadways.
• Bicyclists are required to travel in the same direction as vehicles.
• Bicyclists should travel just to the right of faster moving traffic. However, certain hazards
such as rough surfaces, debris, drainage grates or a narrow traffic lane may require bike
riders to move toward the center of the lane.
• Bicyclist may ride side by side on the roadway as long as the normal and reasonable
movement of traffic is not impeded. Riding more than two abreast is prohibited except
on paths or parts of roadways set aside for the exclusive use of bicycles.
• Drivers must yield the right of way to a bicyclist just as they would to another vehicle.
• When passing a bicyclist, motorists must do so slowly and leave at least 3 feet of passing
space from the edge of the vehicle’s side mirror. If there is not 3 feet of passing space,
drivers must wait to pass until they can do so safely. If a driver passes too close to a
bicyclist and it results in a crash, the driver may face criminal charges.
• Crowding or threatening a bicyclist is prohibited.
• When following bicyclists, a driver should give them plenty of room and be prepared to
stop quickly. Extra caution should be used during bad weather.
• High beam lights should not be used at night when approaching an oncoming bicyclist.
• When a motorist is turning left and there is a bicyclist entering the intersection from the
opposite direction, the driver should wait for the bicyclist to pass before making the turn.
If a motorist is sharing the left-turn lane with a bicyclist, the motorist should stay behind
the bicyclist until the bicyclist has safely completed the turn.
• If motorists are turning right and a bicyclist is approaching on the right, they should
let the bicyclist go through the intersection first before making a right turn. A driver
should remember to signal when turning.
• Low-speed electric or gas bicycles must have a motor of less than 1 horsepower and
must be operated by a person who is at least age 16.
• Low-speed electric and gas bicycles may only be driven on streets and may not exceed
20 mph. They may not be driven on sidewalks.
• Low-speed and electric bicycles must follow all laws applicable to bicyclists.
• After parking and before opening vehicle doors, a motorist
should first check for bicyclists. Drivers should consider
reaching with their right hand to open the vehicle door as
this gives them a better opportunity to check their sur-
roundings for oncoming vehicles and bicyclists.
A low-speed electric bicycle is a bicycle equipped with fully operable pedals and an elec-
tric motor of less than 750 watts. Low-speed electric bicycles may operate on any author-
ized highway, street or roadway, including bicycle lanes and bike paths. They may not be
operated on sidewalks. Local authorities may prohibit the use of low-speed electric bicy-
cles on roadways or bike paths within their jurisdiction.
43
There are three classes of low-speed electric bicycles:
• Class 1— Equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling
and ceases to provide assistance when the bicycle reaches 20 mph.
• Class 2 — Equipped with a motor that may be used exclusively to propel the bicycle but
not capable of engaging when a bicycle reaches 20 mph.
• Class 3 — Equipped with a motor that engages only when the rider is pedaling and pro-
vides assistance when the bicycle reaches 28 mph. Operators must be at least age 16.
Persons may operate a Class 3 low-speed electric bicycle only if they are 16 years of age
or older. A person who is under 16 years of age may ride as a passenger on a Class 3 low-
speed electric bicycle that is designed to accommodate passengers.
For more information, an Illinois Bicycle Rules of the Road booklet is available at any
local Driver Services facility or at ilsos.gov. Visit www.bikesafetyquiz.com for more infor-
mation on vehicle and bicycle safety.
Scooters and Mopeds

Only motor-driven cycles and motorcycles properly titled and registered in Illinois may be
legally operated on Illinois roadways. A scooter may be titled and registered in Illinois if it
displays a federal safety certification label in addition to a vehicle identification number
(VIN).
A scooter or moped driver must obey all signs, signals and traffic laws and is subject to
most laws regarding the use of bicycles. Mopeds or scooters carrying two people must be
equipped with a seat and footrest for the passenger. If driven at night, it must have a head-
light visible from at least 500 feet and a taillight on the rear that is visible from at least
100-600 feet.
To determine what type of driver’s license is required to operate a scooter or moped on Illi-
nois roadways, follow these guidelines:
• If the scooter has an engine with less than 150cc displacement, it is a motor-driven cycle
and a Class L motorcycle license is required.
• If the scooter has an engine with 150cc displacement or greater, it is a motorcycle and a
Class M license is required.
• A moped may be operated with any valid Illinois driver’s license. If a combustion engine
is used, it may not exceed 50cc displacement and may not require the operator to shift
gears.
Large Vehicles
When sharing the road with trucks, buses or other large vehicles, a driver of a smaller vehi-
cle should:
• Stay out of blind spots and maintain a visible position when following a large vehicle.
Drivers of large vehicles should be able to see surrounding vehicles in their side mirrors.
44
• Pay close attention to turn signals and give large vehicles
plenty of room to maneuver and make turns. Large vehicles
make wide right turns and sometimes leave an open space
to the right just before the turn.
• Always allow extra space for large vehicles. Size and weight
can affect a large vehicle’s ability to maneuver and stop.
• Always dim headlights when following a truck at night. Bright
lights will blind the drivers of large vehicles when they reflect
off the large side mirrors.
• Blink the vehicle’s headlights when passing a truck to let the
truck driver know, especially at night. The truck driver may
make it easier by staying to the far side of the lane. The pass should be completed as
quickly as possible to avoid staying alongside the truck.
Disabled Vehicles
When drivers approach any disabled vehicle using hazard lights on a four-lane highway,
Illinois law requires drivers to change lanes away from the disabled vehicle if it is safe to
do so. If it is not safe to change lanes, the driver should reduce speed when approaching
and passing the disabled vehicle. Speed should not be increased until well past the disabled
vehicle.
Illinois law states a person may not:

• Push a disabled vehicle on a rural highway unless there is an emergency and it should
be removed to avoid a hazard.
• Remove a wrecked or damaged vehicle from the roadway without removing all glass and
other debris.
• Tow one vehicle with another except by a drawbar. In most cases, the distance between
the two cars should not exceed 15 feet. A towed vehicle should be coupled to the towing
vehicle with two chains or cables.
Illinois law requires a disabled, unattended or abandoned vehicle to be removed from the
roadway as soon as possible. Law enforcement may request a vehicle be towed at the
owner’s expense if it has been left along a roadway after a certain period of time.
• Interstate, expressway or toll highway – after two hours.
• Highway in an urban area – after 10 hours.
• Highway in a non-urban area – after 24 hours.
Low-Speed Vehicles
A low-speed vehicle is any four-wheeled vehicle that has a federal safety certification label
in addition to a vehicle identification number (VIN). Low-speed vehicles can have a maximum
speed of 25 mph. Low-speed vehicles must be titled and registered in the same manner as
any other vehicle. Low-speed vehicles may operate on any street with a posted speed limit
45
of 30 mph or less, unless prohibited by the local municipality. Low-speed vehicles must be
equipped with the following:
• Parking brake.
• Steering wheel.
• Tires.
• Windshield.
• Safety belts.
• Rearview mirror.
• Exterior rearview mirror – mounted on driver’s side of the vehicle.
• Red reflectors – mounted on each rear side of the vehicle and one in the middle.
• Headlight – visible for 500 feet from the front.
• Taillights – red light visible for 100 feet from the rear.
• Brake lights.
• Front and rear turn signals.
NOTE: See page 92 for definitions of this required equipment.
Slow-Moving Vehicles
Certain slow-moving farm vehicles, construction equipment and animal-drawn vehicles may
share the roadways. Use caution and prepare to slow down when approaching and passing
slow-moving vehicles from the rear. An orange slow-moving vehicle emblem must be on
the rear of certain slow-moving vehicles. (See page 75.)
Closing Speeds
Normal speeds for slow-moving vehicles may range from 5-20 mph. When a vehicle trav-
eling at normal highway speed approaches a slow-moving vehicle from the rear, the speed
differential will dramatically shorten the time it takes to reach the slow-moving vehicle.
Turns and Passing

Slow-moving vehicles may make wide turns and may turn right or left at any time into
unmarked entrances. Stay a safe distance behind a slow-moving vehicle when approaching
it from the rear and only pass when it is safe to do so. Be certain that the slow-moving
vehicle operator is aware of your presence and intent to pass before beginning the maneu-
ver.
Rear Light
When lights are required, a flashing amber signal must be mounted as high as possible on
the rear of the vehicle. It must be visible for 500 feet in sunlight. Other devices to identify
slow-moving vehicles may include reflectors or rotating or oscillating amber lights.
Lane Usage
Slower traffic must drive in the right lane. The left lane is for passing and turning. Slow-
moving vehicles may be wider than the lane width so it may be necessary for these vehicles
to temporarily move into an adjoining lane to avoid roadside obstructions.
46
Snowmobiles
During the winter, a driver may share the roadway with snowmobiles. Use care when driving
in areas with snowmobile warning signs. For more information on snowmobile registration
and operating requirements, call the Illinois Department of Natural Resources at 866-867-
3542 or visit www.dnr.illinois.gov.
Horseback Riders
Horseback riders may use public roadways. The exceptions are controlled-access highways
and most expressways. Horseback riders must ride in the same direction as other traffic
and as far to the right as possible. Never sound a horn when near a horse or other livestock
as the sound may frighten it and cause a crash. When meeting or passing a horseback rider,
do so with caution and be prepared to stop.

1. When motorists are turning right and a bicyclist is approaching on the right, they should
let the bicyclist go through the intersection first before making a right turn.
n True n False
2. A driver does not need to allow as much distance when following a motorcycle as when
following a car.
n True n False
3. Motorcyclists are entitled to use the full width of a traffic lane; therefore, a driver should
pass a motorcycle the same way a driver would pass another vehicle.
n True n False
4. When following a truck at night, it is important for drivers to dim their vehicle’s head-
lights.
n True n False
5. When approaching a disabled pedestrian using a guide dog, white cane or other assis-
tive device, a driver should yield the right of way.
n True n False
6. When opening your driver’s side door on a road with oncoming vehicle and bicycle traffic,
you should:
a. Open the vehicle door by reaching across with your right hand to get a better view of
the vehicle and bicycle traffic approaching from behind.
b. Open the vehicle door only when it does not interfere with the vehicle and bicycle
traffic approaching from behind.
c. Open the vehicle door with your left hand and then check for oncoming vehicle and
bicycle traffic.
d. Both a and b.
47
Chapter 6: Driving Under the Influence (DUI)
Alcohol is the number one killer on American roadways. Alcohol affects your vision and
slows your reaction time so it takes longer to act in an emergency. Alcohol affects your
driving even if you are below the level of illegal intoxication. Drinking even a small amount
of alcohol increases the chances of causing a crash.
Blood-Alcohol Concentration (BAC)/Presence of Drugs

Blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) is a measurement of the amount of alcohol in your system
based on a test of your breath, blood, urine or other bodily substance. It is illegal to drive if
your BAC is .08% or more. However, you can be convicted of Driving Under the Influence
(DUI) if your BAC is less than .08%, but your driving ability is impaired.
Other factors affect your reaction to alcohol, including the food you have recently eaten,
your tolerance of alcohol and any drugs you may have consumed. Time is the only way to
remove the effects of alcohol. Food, coffee and showers do not speed up the elimination of
alcohol from your body.
It is illegal to operate a motor vehicle on Illinois highways with a cannabis tetrahydro-

cannabinol concentration (THC) of either 5 nanograms or more per milliliter of whole blood
or 10 nanograms or more per milliliter of other bodily substance. It is illegal to operate a
motor vehicle on Illinois highways with any trace of a controlled drug, substance or intoxi-
cating compound in the blood.
Medical and Recreational Cannabis (Marijuana)

Illinois law allows for the medical and recreational use of cannabis for persons ages 21
and older. Individuals who wish to use cannabis for medicinal purposes may enroll in the
Compassionate Use of Medical Cannabis Program, administered by the Illinois Department
of Public Health. The Department of Public Health will issue a registry ID card, and a notation
will be made on the registrant’s Illinois driving record.
You may not operate a motor vehicle while impaired by the use of cannabis, whether used
medically or recreationally. Cannabis may only be transported in a vehicle in a sealed, odor-
proof and child-resistant container. No driver or passenger may use cannabis in a motor
vehicle. If a police officer stops a vehicle and the officer has reasonable suspicion to believe
the person is impaired by the use of cannabis, the driver must submit to field sobriety testing
and/or validated roadside chemical tests. Refusal to submit to testing or failure of field
sobriety tests and/or validated roadside chemical tests will result in the suspension of the
person’s driver’s license.
Driving while impaired by the use of cannabis or illegal transportation of cannabis in a

motor vehicle may result in the loss of driving privileges and, for a medical cannabis registry
card holder, the revocation of the driver’s medical cannabis card for two years.
48
Other Drugs
In addition to alcohol and cannabis, many prescription and nonprescription drugs impair
safe driving. These drugs include but are not limited to: antihistamines, cold remedies, pain
relievers, mood-changing drugs, hashish, LSD, heroin, cocaine, morphine, amphetamines
and methamphetamines. Mixing even small amounts of alcohol with other drugs is very
dangerous.
DUI Laws
Driving under the influence (DUI) is a serious offense that is classified in Illinois as a violent
crime. If you are convicted of DUI, the offense will permanently remain on your driving
record. If you are arrested and/or convicted, you may lose your driving privileges and vehicle
registration, and be fined and/or imprisoned.
Implied Consent Law

When operating on Illinois roadways, you automatically consent to submit to certain tests.
These can include breath, blood, urine or other bodily substance tests to determine if you
were under the influence. If involved in a personal injury crash or a crash resulting in the
death of another person and law enforcement officers have probable cause to believe you
were impaired, they must request a drug or alcohol test. You may have a qualified person
of your choice administer additional tests at your own expense.
If you refuse to take a breath test or if an officer believes that a blood test may disclose
the presence of drugs, you may be held financially liable up to $500 for the costs of the
blood tests if found guilty of DUI.
Statutory Summary Suspension/Revocation Law

If a chemical test discloses a BAC of .08% or more or a THC level of either 5 nanograms or
more per milliliter of whole blood or 10 nanograms or more per milliliter of other bodily
substance, your driving privileges will be suspended for six months. This also applies to
any amount of a drug substance or intoxicating compound resulting from the unlawful use
or consumption of a controlled substance listed in the Illinois Controlled Substances Act,
an intoxicating compound listed in the Use of Intoxicating Compounds Act, or a metham-
phetamine as listed in the Methamphetamine Control and Community Protection Act. If you
refuse to submit to chemical testing, your driving privileges will be suspended for one year.
If you have a previous statutory summary suspension/revocation from Illinois, a suspension

for refusing a chemical test from another state, court supervision for DUI, or a conviction
for DUI within the last five years, you are considered a second offender and will have your
driving privileges suspended for three years for refusal of chemical testing or one year for
failure of chemical testing. A test refusal may be used as evidence against you. At the time
of arrest, the officer will take your driver’s license and, if valid, provide you with a temporary
receipt allowing you to drive for 45 days. The statutory summary suspension begins on the
49
46th day from the notice date provided by the police officer and will not be terminated until
you pay the reinstatement fee and your driving record is updated.
If you refuse to submit to chemical testing after being involved in a crash where serious
personal injury or death was involved, your driving privileges will be revoked for a minimum
of one year.
DUI Conviction
In addition to a statutory summary suspension/revocation, you may be convicted of driving
under the influence of alcohol, other drugs and/or intoxicating compounds.
A DUI conviction results in a revocation of driving privileges:

• A first conviction results in a minimum one-year revocation.
• A second conviction within 20 years results in a minimum five-year revocation.
• A third conviction results in a minimum 10-year revocation.
• A fourth and subsequent conviction results in a lifetime revocation.
A person convicted of a DUI with a BAC of .16% or more or a DUI while transporting a child
under age 16 may be subject to enhanced penalties.
Before your driving privileges are restored, you must undergo an alcohol/drug evaluation,
successfully complete a rehabilitation or alcohol/drug education program, have an admin-
istrative hearing with the Secretary of State, pay a reinstatement fee and/or meet other
requirements. A DUI conviction also requires you to file Financial Responsibility Insurance
for three years.
If an Illinois resident is convicted of DUI or refuses to submit to alcohol/drug testing in

another state, the conviction or refusal will be reported to the Secretary of State’s office
and be reflected on the person’s driving record. The offender will face administrative action
against their driving privileges the same as if they were convicted of a DUI or refused chem-
ical testing in Illinois.
Breath Alcohol Ignition Interlock Device (BAIID)

Any eligible Illinois driver who is a first-time DUI offender may apply for a Monitoring Device
Driving Permit (MDDP). An MDDP requires a Breath Alcohol Ignition Interlock Device (BAIID)
to be installed on their vehicle(s) at an approved installation site as a condition of driving
relief during a statutory summary suspension period. Unless declared indigent, the DUI
offender is responsible for all costs associated with issuance of a permit and installation
and monitoring of the BAIID.
The Secretary of State’s office monitors the BAIID throughout the duration of the permit.
The BAIID will alert the Secretary of State’s office if the driver attempts to start the vehicle
after drinking alcohol or tampers with the device.
50
A first-time DUI offender may choose not to petition for an MDDP and instead choose to
refrain from driving during the suspension period. If a DUI offender chooses not to participate
in the program and is subsequently caught driving a vehicle during the suspension period,
they are guilty of a felony.
Related DUI Offenses

Aggravated DUI
You may be charged with Aggravated DUI if you:
• Are involved in a death or personal injury crash while driving under the influence.
• Have received a third or subsequent DUI.
• Committed DUI while driving a school bus with children or operating a vehicle for hire
such as a limousine.
• Committed DUI without a valid driver’s license, permit or vehicle insurance.
• Received a DUI after a previous history of reckless homicide or Aggravated DUI involving
a death.
Illegal Transportation of Alcoholic Beverages/Open Container

It is illegal for anyone to drink alcoholic beverages in a vehicle. The driver and passengers
may be issued a traffic citation. Passengers on chartered buses used for nonschool purposes,
motor homes, mini motor homes and limousines are exempt. It is illegal to have alcohol in
the passenger area of a vehicle if the container has been opened.
Operating a Motorboat While Under the Influence of Alcohol or Drugs

It is illegal to operate a motorboat under the influence of alcohol, drugs or intoxicating com-
pounds. Individuals involved in a motorboat crash where injuries or death occur may lose
their driving privileges for refusing to submit to chemical testing to determine their BAC.
Driving privileges may also be lost for submitting to testing that discloses a BAC of .08; a
THC level of either 5 nanograms or more per milliliter of whole blood or 10 nanograms or
more per milliliter of other bodily substance; any amount of a drug, substance or intoxicating
compound resulting from the unlawful use or consumption of a controlled substance listed
in the Illinois Controlled Substances Act; any intoxicating compound listed in the Use of Intox-
icating Compounds Act; or any methamphetamine as listed in the Methamphetamine Control
and Community Protection Act.
Parental Responsibility
It is illegal for a parent or legal guardian to allow persons under age 21 to consume alcoholic
beverages or to fail to control access to alcohol on their private property or on any property
under their control including a vehicle or water craft. If a death or personal injury occurs as
a result of consumption, the parent or legal guardian may face criminal penalties.
51
Driving on a Suspended or Revoked License (for DUI, Aggravated DUI, Reckless
Homicide, or Leaving the Scene of a Fatal or Personal Injury Crash)
If you are convicted of driving while your license is revoked or suspended for the above
offenses, you will:
• Be subject to criminal penalties including jail time.
• Have the suspension or revocation period extended.
• Have your vehicle seized and possibly forfeited.
An Illinois driver whose driving privileges have been suspended or revoked due to a con-
viction for DUI, reckless homicide, or leaving the scene of a fatal or personal injury crash is
not allowed to drive a motor vehicle in ANY state. If a suspended or revoked Illinois driver
is arrested for driving on a suspended or revoked license in another state, that arrest will
be reported to the Secretary of State’s office.
Contributing to a DUI
It is illegal to allow someone to drive your vehicle if you know that person is under the influ-
ence. If you are convicted of providing alcohol to a person under age 21, you may be fined,
be sentenced to jail and have your driving privileges suspended.
Drivers Under Age 21

If you are under age 21 and convicted of DUI, you face the revocation of your driving privi-
leges for a minimum of two years for a first conviction.
If you are under age 21 and found to have any trace of alcohol in your system while operating
a motor vehicle, you will have your driving privileges suspended for a minimum of three
months.
All individuals under age 21 who are convicted of or receive court supervision for illegal
consumption, purchase, possession or receiving alcohol as a gift will lose their driving priv-
ileges regardless of whether or not they are operating a motor vehicle at the time of the
offense.
If your driver’s license was suspended prior to age 21, you will be required to successfully
complete a driver remedial education course. In addition, you may be required to submit to
a complete driver’s license examination to be re-issued a driver’s license.
Illinois’ DUI laws are constantly changing. For the most up-to-date information, please refer
to the Secretary of State’s DUI Fact Book or visit ilsos.gov.
52
1. If arrested with a blood-alcohol concentration of .08% or more, an individual’s driving
privileges will be suspended for at least six months.
n True n False
2. Alcohol is the single greatest factor in fatal motor vehicle crashes.
n True n False
3. A driver may be charged with Aggravated DUI if they
a. Are involved in a DUI crash resulting in death or personal injury.
b. Commit a DUI while driving a school bus.
c. Receive a DUI after a previous history of reckless homicide.
d. All of the above.
4. If a driver is arrested and refuses to submit to testing, driving privileges will be sus-
pended for three months.
n True n False
5. Drivers whose license have been revoked as a result of DUI must meet several require-
ments, including an evaluation for alcohol and drug problems and paying a reinstatement
fee, to regain their license.
n True n False
6. It is illegal for persons under age 21 to drive with any trace of alcohol or drugs in their
systems.
n True n False
53
Chapter 7: Traffic Violations/Crashes
If you are involved in or come upon a traffic crash:
• Stop your vehicle in a safe, well-lit public place that does not obstruct traffic, if able to
do so.
• Help any injured person if necessary or requested.
• Call 9-1-1 immediately.
• Warn other drivers by using emergency flashers and flares if available.
• Ask all those involved for their names, addresses, phone numbers, driver’s license num-
bers and license plate numbers.
Appearing in Court
If you receive a ticket for a minor traffic violation, a date for a court appearance will appear
on the face of the ticket. If you fail to pay the ticket or to appear in court on the date indicated,
a second court date may be set a minimum of 30 days later. The clerk of the court will send
a notice to you at your last known address. Failure to appear on the second date will result
in the suspension of your driver’s license until the court is satisfied and a reinstatement fee
is paid. If you are under age 18 and are required to appear in court, you must have a
parent/legal guardian present at the court appearance.
An Illinois driver ticketed in another state that is a member of the Non-Resident Violator
Compact has three options:
• Stay in the ticketing state and argue the case,
• Pay the fine, or
• Promise to comply with the traffic ticket, which allows the driver to continue the journey
and handle the ticket from home. Failure to comply with the promise to comply may result
in the suspension of their Illinois driver’s license.
Crash Reports
Regardless of fault, a crash report must be filed by the driver of a vehicle if the crash involves
death, bodily injury or property damage of more than $1,500. (If any vehicle involved in the
crash is uninsured, a report must be filed for $500 or more.)
A driver has 30 minutes to report a crash after it occurs. If drivers are involved in a crash,
they should notify the police immediately. Many towns and cities require a report if a crash
occurs within their limits. If an officer is not at the scene of the crash, a report must be
made at the nearest police station as soon as possible. If in a rural area, the county sheriff
or Illinois State Police must be notified. If the driver is unable to make the report and there
is a passenger, the passenger must make the report.
54
Drivers who fail to report a vehicle crash may be fined up to $2,500 and given a jail sentence
of up to one year.
Leaving the Scene of a Crash

A driver convicted of leaving the scene of a crash, especially if personal injuries or death
occurs, is subject to criminal charges. In cases where a death or personal injury has
occurred, the Secretary of State’s office is required to revoke the individual’s driver’s license.
In cases where damage is more than $1,000, driving privileges will be suspended.
Unattended Vehicles
If you are involved in a crash that causes damage to an unattended vehicle (no driver or
passenger present) or other property:
• Stop your vehicle in an area away from traffic.
• Leave your name, address, phone number and license plate number on the vehicle or
property if the owner cannot be found.
• Notify police.
• Complete all required crash reports.
Safety Responsibility Law

If you are at fault in a crash that results in death, injury or property damage and do not have
liability insurance, you must also meet the requirements of the Safety Responsibility Law.
This law requires you to post security (a guarantee of payment) to cover damages suffered
by the injured party. The Illinois Department of Transportation determines the amount of
the security. If you do not post the required security(s), your driver’s license may be sus-
pended until the lawsuit is settled. The owner(s) of the vehicle involved in the crash also
may have their license plates/vehicle registration suspended. Driver’s license or vehicle
registration privileges will remain suspended until the person provides proof of financial
responsibility and maintains the insurance for a period of three years from the date the
proof is first filed.
Individuals convicted of mandatory insurance violations will lose their driving privileges for
a minimum of three months and be required to pay a $100 reinstatement fee, with no driving
permit available.
55
Financial Responsibility Law
You are required to file proof of financial responsibility if any of the following apply:
• You receive an unsatisfied court judgment related to a crash.
• You are suspended under the Safety Responsibility Law due to an uninsured crash.
• You receive a court supervision for a mandatory insurance violation.
• You have been convicted of three or more mandatory insurance violations.
Proof of financial responsibility may include a certificate of insurance (SR-22), a bond or a

deposit of securities (such as stock certificates). The SR-22 is filed directly with the Secre-
tary of State by the insurance company. The Secretary of State monitors insurance coverage
for a period of time specified by law. Failure to renew insurance coverage or cancellation
of insurance will result in a driver’s license suspension.
Crash Prevention Courses

If you are age 55 or over, you may receive a reduction in your motor vehicle liability insurance
if you successfully complete an eight-hour defensive driving course. Contact your insurance
agent to determine the amount of the reduction. Information about courses is available by
visiting www.aarp.org/drive.

1. Regardless of fault, a crash report must be filed by the driver of a vehicle if the crash
involves death, bodily injury or property damage of more than $1,500 (or more than $500
if a vehicle is uninsured).
n True n False
2. Before drivers can regain driving privileges after losing them for failure to pay for dam-
ages caused by a crash, they must file proof of financial responsibility with the Secretary
of State’s office.
n True n False
3. Drivers who are involved in or come upon a traffic crash should stop their vehicle in a
safe, well-lit public place that does not obstruct traffic, if able to do so.
n True n False
4. A driver has 30 minutes to report a crash after it occurs.
n True n False
5. Drivers convicted of a mandatory insurance violation will:
a. Lose their driving privileges for three months.
b. Lose their driving privileges for six months.
c. Lose their driving privileges for one year.
56
6. Drivers are required to file proof of financial responsibility if:
a. They receive an unsatisfied court judgment related to a crash
b. Their license was suspended due to an uninsured crash.
c. They have been convicted of three or more insurance violations.
57
Chapter 8: Driver’s License Revocation,
Suspension, Denial and Cancellation
Certain revocations, suspensions, denials and cancellations can remain on an individual’s
driving record permanently.
Driving while a driver’s license is suspended or revoked will result in an extension of the
suspension or revocation period and may subject the driver to a period of incarceration.
More information on actions that may cause the suspension or revocation of driving privi-
leges is available in the Illinois Vehicle Code.
Revocation
A revocation is the indefinite withdrawal of driving privileges by the Secretary of State’s
office. To regain your driving privileges, you may be eligible to reapply for a license after a
minimum of one year, unless otherwise noted.
The Secretary of State will immediately revoke the driving privileges of anyone who is con-
victed of a moving violation that caused a crash and resulted in the death of another person.
The Secretary of State’s office has the authority to revoke the driver’s license of a repeat
traffic offender. During the course of any revocation, your vehicle registration may be sus-
pended. Notice is given accordingly.
Other offenses for which your driver’s license may be revoked include, but are not limited to:
• Aggravated DUI — Causing personal injury or death as a result of a DUI; having a prior
conviction of reckless homicide or aggravated DUI involving a death and committing a
DUI; receiving a third or subsequent DUI conviction; committing a DUI without a valid
license, permit or vehicle insurance; or committing a DUI violation while transporting
children on a school bus.
• Aggravated Fleeing the Police — Driving away from the police when directed to stop.
• Aggravated Reckless Driving — Driving resulting in great bodily harm, permanent
disability or disfigurement to another person.
• Auto Theft — Stealing a motor vehicle or motor vehicle parts.
• Drag Racing or Street Racing — Illegally racing with another vehicle.
• DUI — Driving under the influence of alcohol, cannabis, other drugs and/or intoxicating
compounds.
• Felony Offense — Using a vehicle while committing a serious crime.
• Fraudulent ID — Making or possessing the equipment to make, sell, use, attempt to
use or assist another in using an unauthorized, non-governmental issued ID or driver’s
license.
• Gang-related Activity — A gang-related offense involving the use of a vehicle or an
Illinois driver’s license.
58
• Leaving the Scene — Leaving the scene of a crash that killed or injured someone.
• Perjury — Giving false information to the Secretary of State.
• Reckless Conduct — Reckless behavior involving a vehicle and resulting in injury or
danger to another person.
• Reckless Driving — Conviction of three reckless driving offenses in 12 months or driv-
ing that results in great bodily harm, permanent disability or disfigurement to another
person.
• Reckless Homicide — Driving recklessly, resulting in the death of another person or
being involved in a crash where a death occurred while driving on a suspended or revoked
license due to an Aggravated DUI .
• School Bus Violation — Conviction for overtaking or passing a school bus that results
in a crash where a death occurred.
Suspension
A suspension is the temporary loss of driving privileges. When the suspension is for a spe-
cific length of time, you may regain your driving privileges after the suspension has ended
and you have paid a reinstatement fee. In some cases, your driver’s license will not be
returned until other requirements are met.
Offenses for which your driver’s license may be suspended include, but are not limited to:
• Automated Traffic Violations — Failure to pay five or more unpaid automated traffic
violations for violating a red-light signal or speeding or a combination thereof in a munic-
ipality.
• Causing a Crash in a Construction Zone — Failure to reduce speed or change lanes
in a construction zone, which results in property damage or injury to another.
• Child Visitation Abuse – Suspension upon receipt of a court order indicating the driver
has violated a child visitation order.
• Drug/Alcohol Test Failure — Failure of chemical testing following a DUI arrest dis-
closing a BAC of .08% or more, a THC level of either 5 nanograms or more per milliliter
of whole blood or 10 nanograms or more per milliliter of other bodily substance, or any
trace of a controlled substance or intoxicating compound.
• Drug/Alcohol Test Refusal — Refusal of chemical testing for drugs or alcohol after
being arrested for DUI in Illinois or another state.
• Drug or Sex Offense — Committing a drug or sex crime while operating or in direct
physical control of an automobile.
• Failure to Appear Violations — Failure to appear in court for any traffic citation.
• Failure to Obey a Railroad-Crossing Signal — Conviction of a second violation for
failure to obey a railroad-crossing signal.
• Failure to Pay Child Support — Suspension for nonpayment of child support resulting
from a court order or by direction of the Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family
Services.
59
• Failure to Yield to an Emergency Vehicle Using Audible and Visual Signals (lights
and sirens) — Failure to reduce speed and to change lanes away from a stationary emer-
gency vehicle that results in property damage or injury to another.
• Fraudulent Driver’s License/ID Application — Possessing, displaying or attempting
to use an altered driver’s license or ID card; using another person’s license or ID card or
allowing another person to use the license; or submitting a fraudulent application or
allowing another person to submit documents for a fraudulent application.
• Illegal Possession, Consumption, Purchase of Alcohol, or Accepting Alcohol
as a Gift by a Person Under Age 21 if the Offense Occurred While the Person
Was an Occupant of a Motor Vehicle.
• Illegal Transportation of Alcohol — Illegal transportation of alcohol twice in 12
months if age 21 or older.
• Illegal Transportation Under 21 — Illegal transportation of alcohol while under age
21.
• Mandatory Insurance Violations — Failure to file Financial Responsibility Insurance
(SR-22) after receiving court supervision for driving without insurance, or having three or
more tickets for driving without insurance.
• Mandatory Insurance Conviction – Driving without mandatory insurance.
• Railroad Crossing Violation — Nonpayment of five or more violations.
• School Bus Violations — Failure to stop for a school bus picking up or dropping off
children, or failure to pay five or more violations of yielding to a stopped school bus when
recorded by a camera.
• Speeding in a Construction Zone — A second violation within two years of the pre-
vious violation of speeding in a construction zone when workers are present.
• Traffic Crashes — Refusing or neglecting to report a traffic crash.
• Traffic Violations — Three traffic violation convictions during a 12-month period. (If
you are under age 21 at the time of arrest, two traffic violations within any 24-month
period.)
• Unauthorized Parking in a Space Designated for Persons with Disabilities.
• Uninsured Crashes — Being an at-fault driver in a traffic crash without insurance
where damages are owed.
• Zero Tolerance Violation — Having an alcohol concentration of greater than 0.00, but
less than 0.08, by a person under age 21.
Cancellation
Cancellation is the termination of driving privileges by formal action of the Secretary of State’s
office. Cancellation of a person’s driver’s license or permit will occur because of an error or
defect in the license or because the licensee is no longer entitled to the license. Reapplication
for a driver’s license may be made only after the terms of the cancellation have been met.
Reason for which your driver’s license may be canceled include, but are not limited to:
• Medical Condition — Being medically or visually unfit to safely operate a motor vehicle;
60
failure to submit a medical or vision report when required; and failure to self-admit to a
medical condition that may interfere with the safe operation of a motor vehicle.
• Re-examination Requirement — Failing to appear for a required re-examination; fail-
ing a portion of the test required on a mandatory re-examination.
• Fraudulent Application — Committing a fraudulent offense in the making of a driver’s
license or ID card application.
• Ineligible — Being unentitled to the license or permit.
Denial
Denial is the temporary refusal of the privilege of applying for a driver’s license and, in cer-
tain instances, an instruction permit. A denial can be entered on the driving record of an
individual under age 18 for conviction of one of the following offenses:
• Mandatory Revocation of Driving Privileges for Offenses Listed on Pages 58-59
— A denial for these offenses prohibits individuals from applying for a driver’s license
or an instruction permit until their 18th birthday.
• Driving Without a Valid Driver’s License or Permit — Such a denial forbids indi-
viduals from applying for a driver’s license until their 18th birthday, while an application
for an instruction permit is still allowed. If the person already has a driver’s license, the
driving privileges granted by that license are reduced to an instruction permit.
• Serious Moving Violation — The length of this type of denial is either nine months or
until the person’s 18th birthday, whichever is shorter. This denial only forbids an application
for a driver’s license. Instruction permit applications are still allowed. If the person already
has a driver’s license, the driving privileges granted are reduced to an instruction permit.
• Crash Involving Bodily Harm or Death — The Secretary of State’s office may deny
issuing or renewing a driver’s license if the driver has been charged with an offense due
to a crash resulting in serious injury or death of another. Alcohol need not play a factor
in the crash.
Special Driving Permits

An Illinois driver whose driving privileges have been revoked or suspended may be allowed
to drive using special permits in certain cases.
• Restricted Driving Permit (RDP) — Allows driving only during certain times and along
specified routes for work-related or educational purposes, transporting a child in the
home to and from day care or an acceptable educational institution, or receiving medical
care or drug treatment. An RDP cannot be issued to a person under age 16.
• Monitoring Device Driving Permit (MDDP) — Allows a first-time DUI offender serv-
ing a statutory summary suspension to operate a motor vehicle equipped with a Breath
Alcohol Ignition Interlock Device (BAIID). Issuance of the MDDP and installation of the
BAIID allows drivers to legally operate a motor vehicle at any time of day or night as long
as they do not consume alcohol prior to driving and do not tamper with the BAIID unit.
An MDDP cannot be issued to a person under age 18.
61
• Occupational Driving Permit (ODP) — Allows a professional driver whose license
has been suspended for three moving violations to operate a vehicle in conjunction with
employment. To qualify, the individual must drive for a living. This permit does not apply
to commercial drivers.
• Probationary License — Allows a driver age 21 and over whose license has been sus-
pended for three moving violations in a 12-month period to operate a vehicle during the
period of suspension. The permit is issued in conjunction with the completion of a driver
improvement course. This is issued in conjunction with a driver improvement activity that
grants full driving privileges during a period of suspension for drivers ages 21 and over.
• Family Financial Responsibility Driving Permit (FRP) — Allows a driver whose
license was suspended for nonpayment of child support or child visitation abuse to oper-
ate a vehicle. This permit is only issued following a circuit judge’s order or upon direction
from the Illinois Department of Healthcare and Family Services.

1. An individual’s driving privileges may be suspended under which of the following con-
ditions?
a. Three reckless driving offenses in 12 months.
b. Drag or street racing.
c. Illegally transporting alcohol twice in 12 months by a person over age 21.
2. Driving privileges may be revoked for giving the Secretary of State false information.
n True n False
3. A driver’s license may be canceled if a driver is found medically or visually unfit to safely
operate a vehicle.
n True n False
4. Restricted Driving Permits can be issued to any suspended or revoked driver.

n True n False
5. A driver’s license may be suspended for:

a. Failure to obey a railroad crossing signal.
b. Possessing a fraudulent driver’s license.
c. Failure to stop for a school bus.
62
6. A driver’s license may be revoked for:
a. Leaving the scene of a crash that injured or killed someone.
b. Giving false information to the Secretary of State.
c. Reckless behavior involving a vehicle that leads to the injury or death of someone.
63
Chapter 9: Roadway Signs
Along the roadway, there are many types of signs: regulatory, warning and guide. Each type
of sign is identified by its shape and color. You will be asked to identify roadway signs on
the written driver’s license exam.
Shapes of Signs
These are the basic shapes of signs, each with a special purpose. Other shapes may be
used for special purposes.
This eight-sided red sign means STOP. You must make a complete stop
at the stop line. If there is no stop line, stop before entering the cross-
walk. If there is no crosswalk, stop before entering the intersection.
Yield the right of way to pedestrians and approaching traffic. At an
all-way STOP sign, wait for your turn. If the STOP sign is a temporary
sign erected by highway authorities, it should be treated as if it were
a permanent STOP sign. If the STOP sign is handheld, stop until an
authorized person, such as a school guard or construction zone flagger,
signals that it is safe to proceed.
This three-sided sign means YIELD the right of way. You must let all
traffic and pedestrians go before proceeding. YIELD signs are red and
white.
This round sign indicates a RAILROAD CROSSING ahead. RAILROAD

CROSSING signs are yellow with a black crossbuck “X” and the letters
“RR.” It is an advance warning sign that means a railroad track will
cross the roadway ahead. In rural areas, the sign may be up to 750
feet in advance of the railroad crossing. Slow down, look and stop if
necessary. Roll down your vehicle windows and listen to make certain
other noises do not block out the sound of a train. If a train is
approaching, stop and wait. Never race the train to the crossing.
This diamond-shaped sign means WARNING. It may be yellow, yel-

low-green, or orange with black wording or symbols. This sign warns
you about hazards or possible hazards on or near the roadway. Slow
down and use caution when you see this type of sign.
64
This five-sided sign is yellow or yellow-green with black symbols.
It means either SCHOOL ZONE or SCHOOL CROSSING. If the sign
shows two children walking, a school is near. If the sign shows two
children walking with a downward pointing arrow, you are at a
school crossing.
This three-sided sign is yellow with black and indicates a NO PASSING

ZONE. The sign will appear on the left side of a two-lane, two-way
roadway at the beginning of the area where “no passing” pavement
markings are also used.
Squares and/or rectangles can be used either as regulatory or guide

signs.
Colors of Signs
The color on a sign has a special meaning. It is important that you memorize the meanings
of the colors.
RED signs are regulatory signs and must be obeyed. They include
STOP, YIELD, DO NOT ENTER or WRONG WAY.
Some BLACK and WHITE signs are regulatory signs and must be
obeyed. Others are used as route markers and are illustrated in the
Guide Signs section on page 75.
YELLOW is used for warning signs. These signs tell you of road con-
ditions and dangers ahead.
YELLOW-GREEN can also be used for warning signs. These signs alert
you to pedestrian and bicycle crossings, playground areas, school bus
stops and school zones.
ORANGE is used for warning signs, usually found in construction or

maintenance zones along streets and highways. These signs alert you
to possible dangers ahead due to construction and maintenance proj-
ects.
GREEN is used for guide signs. These signs tell you where you are,
which way to go and the distance to upcoming destinations.
65
BLUE is also used for guide signs. These signs tell you about services
along the roadway.
BROWN is used for parks and recreation signs.
PINK may be used for traffic incident signing. These signs alert you
to possible dangers ahead due to unplanned traffic incidents, such
as traffic crashes and natural disasters.
Regulatory Signs
Regulatory signs instruct you on what to do and must be obeyed.
Stop
An eight-sided (octagon) sign tells you to always make a full stop at
STOP
the stop line. If there is no stop line, stop before entering the cross-
walk. If there is no crosswalk, stop before entering the intersection.
Yield the right of way to pedestrians and approaching traffic.
All-Way Stop
This sign means there are STOP signs at each approach to an inter-
STOP
section. Traffic from all directions must stop. The first driver to stop
is the first driver to go. Other drivers must wait their turn. You may
also see 3-WAY, 5-WAY or ALL-WAY signs underneath the stop sign.
Yield
YIELD
The three-sided (triangle) sign tells you to give the right of way to all
vehicles and pedestrians before proceeding. Slow down to a safe
speed and stop if necessary. When stopping, do so at a marked cross-
walk or before entering the intersection. You also may see YIELD signs
on expressway ramps. These signs may be posted when there is no
extra lane where a driver may speed up to merge with expressway
traffic. There is no regulatory sign associated with merging lanes, only
advisory and warning signs. Late merge is not typically used due to
operational concerns.
Do Not Enter
This sign is posted on one-way streets and other roadways where
you are not allowed to enter. You may see this sign if attempting to
enter an expressway ramp in the wrong direction.
66
Speed Zone Ahead
This sign warns you there is a speed zone ahead. Be prepared to
alter your current speed.
Speed Limit
SPEED Some signs show maximum and minimum speed limits for all types of
LIMIT vehicles on freeways and controlled-access highways. Driving slower
SPEED than the minimum speed limit is illegal, unless necessary for safety.
65 LIMIT
70
Wrong Way
This sign tells you that your vehicle is traveling in the wrong direc-
WRONG tion. You will see this sign on expressway ramps a short distance
WAY past the DO NOT ENTER sign. You also will see this sign if turning
the wrong way into a one-way street, alley or driveway.
No (Not Allowed)
Signs with a red circle with a red slash from the upper left to the
lower right mean a particular action is not allowed. The picture
within the circle shows what is not allowed.
No U-Turn
These signs are posted on divided highways or expressways. You
may see one where there is an opening in the divided highway that
leads to the other side. These openings are only for authorized
vehicles, such as police cars, ambulances, snow plows, construc-
tion/maintenance equipment and other emergency vehicles. Other
types of vehicles may not use this opening.
No Right/Left Turn
These signs indicate turns are not allowed in the direction shown by the arrow.
67
One-Way
These signs are used on one-way streets or driveways. You must
always go only in the direction of the arrow.
Two-Way Left Turn Lanes

Either of these two signs can be used to indi-
cate a two-way left turn lane in the center of a
highway. Along with a sign, the two-way left
turn lane is marked with yellow lines and white
arrows.
ONLY
No Turn on Red
This sign is used at some intersections. It tells you a right turn on a
red light or a left turn on a red light at intersecting one-way streets
is prohibited. It may also show a red circle instead of the word red.
Approaching a Divided Highway

This sign is used on approaches to a divided highway. It informs you
that a median separates both directions of traffic on the road you
are going to turn onto or cross.
Keep Right
This sign tells you where to drive when approaching traffic islands,
medians or other obstructions in the middle of the roadway. You must
drive to the side indicated by the arrow.
Slower Traffic Keep Right

This sign is posted for those driving slower than the normal speed
of traffic on some multilane highways. It tells the slow driver to drive
in the right lane.
68
Stop Here on Red
STOP This sign is used when it is not clear where vehicles must stop at an
HERE intersection with traffic signals.
ON
RED
Do Not Pass
DO This sign informs you that you may not pass other
vehicles. It is posted on some two-lane roads
NOT
where traffic goes in both directions. There will
also be yellow “no passing” lines on the road.
PASS Pass with Care

This sign informs you that you have reached the
end of the no-passing zone. You may pass now
only when it is safe.
Road Closed
ROAD This sign is used when the road is closed to all traffic. You may not
CLOSED continue on the road.
Bike Lane
A bicycle lane is a designated traffic lane for bicyclists. These lanes
are marked by a solid white line that becomes a dotted line ending
before it reaches the corner. Bicycle lanes are sometimes painted a
bright green color in order to increase visibility.
Warning Signs
Warning signs alert you to conditions ahead. These signs are usually
diamond-shaped and warn about road hazards, construction sites,
schools or other situations that require special attention. While most
warning signs are yellow, some communities may use fluorescent yel-
low-green pedestrian, bicycle and school signs. Construction and
maintenance warning signs are orange.
Pedestrian Crosswalk
This sign tells you there is a crosswalk. Crosswalks are not always
located at intersections, so you must watch both sides of the street
for pedestrians. Pedestrian crosswalk signs may also be accompa-
nied by a yellow flashing beacon located on the sign. This beacon
helps to increase driver awareness of an approaching crosswalk and
the potential presence of pedestrians.
69
Other Special Crossings
These signs alert drivers in advance of special areas where vehicles and pedestrians may
be crossing.
School Signs
These signs warn you of school areas and crossings.
Stay alert and watch for children. Adult school crossing
guards, auxiliary police or police officers often supervise
these street crossings when students are going to and
from school. School safety patrol members may assist
the crossing guards. Slow down and stop when neces-
sary.
The first two signs warn of school crossings ahead or of

school buildings or grounds next to the roadway. The last
two signs are posted at school crosswalks.
SCHOOL SCHOOL These two signs are used in areas where a reduced
speed school zone has been established. The posted
SPEED SPEED speed applies only on school days when children are
LIMIT LIMIT present (usual school hours are from 6:30 a.m. to 4 p.m.,
20 20 but hours may vary), where a potential hazard exists

because of the children’s close proximity to traffic, or
ON SCHOOL DAYS
WHEN CHILDREN
WHEN when a light is flashing.
ARE PRESENT FLASHING
The use of wireless/cellphones is prohibited while driv-
ing in a posted school speed zone.
Stop Ahead/Yield Ahead/Signal Ahead

These signs warn you of approach-
ing traffic control signals. Although
the traffic signal may not yet be
visible, the traffic signs are close
enough to require you to start
slowing down. Advance warning
Stop Ahead Yield Ahead Signal Ahead
signs also are used in high-speed
areas because of the longer dis-
tance needed to slow down or
stop.
70
Intersections Ahead
These four signs warn you of intersections ahead where traffic may exist, or a right or left
turn may be required. A sign naming the intersecting road also may be posted.
Crossroad Side Road “T” Intersection “Y” Intersection
Turns and Curves

Certain signs are posted before turns and curves. The shape of the arrow tells you what to
expect. A small sign showing the maximum safe speed may also be posted below the arrow.
Right and Left Turns Road Curves to the Road Curves to the
Right Turn Ahead
Coming Right and Left Right
40
M.P.H.
Maximum Safe Speed on
Winding Road Ahead
Curve or Turn
Exit Ramp
These signs are posted at freeway and interstate exit ramps. This sign
shows the maximum safe speed at which a vehicle can be driven on
the ramp.
Slippery Pavement
All roads are slippery and dangerous when wet. This sign warns you
of conditions that can cause you to lose control of your car. Slow
down when coming upon wet pavement because it takes longer to
stop.
71
Downgrade
This sign warns you of a dangerous hill. It may be very long or steep,
or it may have sharp curves. Slow your speed before starting down
the hill.
Narrow Bridge
This sign warns you that an approaching bridge has a narrow road-
way. A bridge width is generally 2 feet less than the width of the
approach pavement.
Reduction in Lanes
These signs are used on multi-lane highways to warn you of a reduction in the number of
traffic lanes in the direction of travel. Reduction in lanes can be temporary, due to construc-
tion or maintenance activities, or permanent. Be prepared to change lanes or to allow other
vehicles to merge into your lane. Drivers of all vehicles may need to adjust their speed and
position to avoid a crash with another vehicle. During periods when the road is not con-
gested, merge into the open lane as early as possible. During times of congestion, it is
advised that you use both lanes to advance to the lane reduction point and merge at that
location, alternating turns. This is also known as the “zipper merge” as two sides merge
into one like a zipper.
Road Narrows
This sign warns you that a two-lane road suddenly narrows.
No Passing
This sign is used on two-lane, two-way roads. It warns you not to
pass. The sign is posted on the left side of the road at the beginning
of a no passing zone.
72
Merging Lanes
This sign tells you that two lanes of traffic going the same direction
will soon merge into one lane. Be ready to either change lanes or
allow other traffic to merge into your lane. Merge signs may appear
on expressways just before expressway ramps. The driver on the
expressway should slow down to let the driver on the ramp merge.
Change in Direction
This sign warns you of a change in direction or narrowing of the road.
You may find several of these signs on the outside of a sharp curve
or on approaches to a narrow bridge.
Divided Highway
Divided highways have a center strip that separates traffic going in opposite directions.
The first sign is posted before a divided highway begins.
The second sign is posted just before the divided highway ends. Be careful nearing the end
of a divided highway.
Two-Way Roadway
This sign informs you that you are leaving a divided roadway and
approaching a two-way highway.
Construction and Maintenance Signs

Construction and maintenance zone signs alert you to changing conditions on the roadway
and help keep highway workers safe.
Workers Ahead
These signs are posted far enough ahead to give you time to adjust your vehicle speed for
any unusual conditions. When you see these signs, workers may be working close to your
73
traffic lane. Follow the signs and adjust your vehicle speed to the posted construction zone
speed limit, stay alert, and keep a safe distance between your vehicle and all traffic barriers.
ROAD
CONSTRUCTION
Warning Cones, Drums and Barricades

These devices are used to protect you from dangerous locations by marking a path for you
to follow in construction and maintenance zones. They also are used to warn motorists of
an existing hazard.
Warning Lights and Arrow Boards

Warning lights help draw your attention to drums and barricades at
night. Arrow boards warn the motorist of an upcoming lane closure,
or caution when construction is ahead and the direction to merge or
move.
Flagger
This sign warns that there is a flagger ahead. Use caution when
approaching a flagger as the individual will be working close to traffic.
Slow down and be prepared to obey the signals of the flagger. You
must stop if signaled to do so.
Portable Changeable Message Signs

Portable changeable message signs provide real-time information to help communicate
with users about road conditions and to provide guidance. Messages in these devices may
include slow or stopped traffic warnings, notice of lane or road closures, travel and delay
time information, changes in alignment of the road, or changes in road user patterns. These
may also be used to direct you to take alternate roads, take detours, or use both lanes to a
merging point to increase roadway capacity. It is important for you to follow the messages
on these devices.
74
Other Special Signs
Slow-Moving Vehicle
A vehicle displaying this sign is moving slowly. You must slow down
and may pass only when safe and legal to do so.
Parking for Persons with Disabilities

Parking spaces with this sign are reserved for vehicles displaying
Persons with Disabilities license plates and parking placards and
Disabled Veteran license plates.
Guide Signs
Guide signs tell you where you are, what road you are on and how to get to a specific loca-
tion. Most guide signs are rectangular; however, guide signs for county roads and route
markers on freeways are different in shape. The type of information given determines the
color of the sign.
Route Markers
These signs are used alone or with smaller signs. They direct you to specific roads. Different
routes have different markings. Examples of these types of signs include:
NORTH
JCT
57 54
ILLINOIS ILLINOIS
47 ILLINOIS
47
▲
TO NORTH EXIT
ILLINOIS
44
40 47 MILE
▲
4
▲
75
1. A merge sign means drivers should be prepared to change lanes or allow other traffic
to come into their lane.
n True n False
2. When approaching a stop sign that is not marked by a crosswalk, drivers should stop
their vehicles before entering the intersection.
n True n False
3. An orange sign means drivers should be alert, adjust their speed and be prepared to
stop if necessary.
n True n False
4. A driver approaching a vehicle with a slow-moving vehicle sign should slow down and
only pass when safe and legal to do so.
n True n False
5. When approaching a railroad crossing sign, a driver should slow down, look and stop if
necessary.
n True n False
6. A diamond-shaped sign warns drivers of possible hazards.
n True n False
76
Chapter 10: Traffic Signals
and Pavement Markings
Traffic signals and pavement markings must be obeyed unless a police or traffic control
officer directs otherwise. A driver may never leave the roadway to avoid a traffic signal.
Traffic Signals
Traffic lights at intersections usually have three colors — red, yellow and green — from
top to bottom or from left to right. At some intersections, however, there may be a single
red, yellow or green light. Some traffic lights are steady, some flash and some are arrows.
When traffic control signals are not working, you must always treat the intersection as an
all-way stop, by coming to a complete stop, unless directed otherwise by law enforcement.
You must then look and yield the right of way before entering an intersection.
Steady Lights
Red Light — Stop at the marked stop line. If there is not a marked stop line,
stop before entering the crosswalk. If there is no crosswalk, stop before enter-
ing the intersection. Do not go until the light is green and the intersection is
clear. You may make a right turn at a red light unless there is a sign prohibiting
it. You also may make a left turn at a red light when turning from a one-way
street onto another one-way street that has traffic moving to the left. In both
instances, come to a complete stop and yield the right of way to oncoming traf-
fic and pedestrians before turning.
Yellow Light — The yellow light warns that the signal is changing from green
to red. When the red light appears, do not enter the intersection.
Green Light — You may go after yielding the right of way to any pedestrians
and vehicles in the intersection or crosswalk.
Flashing Lights
Flashing Red — You must stop, yield the right of way to traffic within the
intersection or crosswalk and proceed when safe. This light is used at inter-
sections when a stop sign alone is hard to see or where additional emphasis
on the stop sign is needed. It also is used at railroad crossings to warn of
approaching trains.
Flashing Yellow — Proceed into the intersection with caution.
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Arrows
After yielding the right of way to traffic within the intersection or crosswalk,
you may go in the direction the arrow is pointing.
Red Arrow (constantly lit) — The constantly lit red arrow means you cannot
make the movement shown by the arrow until a green arrow appears. There are
two exceptions. You may make a right turn at a red arrow. You also may make a
left turn at a red arrow when turning from a one-way street onto another one-
way street that has traffic moving to the left. In both instances, come to a com-
plete stop and yield the right of way to oncoming traffic and pedestrians before
proceeding.
Yellow Arrow (constantly lit) — The constantly lit yellow arrow means the
green arrow is ending or the light is about to turn red.
Yellow Arrow (flashing) — The flashing yellow arrow means you may turn
in the direction the arrow is pointed after yielding the right of way to any pedes-
trians and vehicles in the intersection or crosswalk.
Green Arrow — When the arrow is pointed upward, you may go straight ahead
only. When the arrow is pointed to the right, you may turn to the right. When
the arrow is pointed to the left, you may turn to the left.
Pedestrian Traffic Signals, Walk Lights and Crossings

Pedestrians must yield the right of way to drivers by obeying traffic signals,
observing walk lights and using crosswalks.
• Walk (walking person) — If you are facing the signal, you may cross the
roadway in the direction of the signal.
• Don’t Walk (flashing orange upraised hand) — Do not start to enter the
roadway. If you have partially completed crossing during the constantly lighted
walk signal, you may continue to a sidewalk or safety island.
• Don’t Walk (constantly lit orange upraised hand) — Do not enter the
roadway.
• Yellow Light (constant upraised hand) — Do not cross unless directed
by a pedestrian control sign or police officer.
Lane Signals
x
Special lights are sometimes used over each lane on highways and expressways.
They are used most often to change the flow of traffic during certain hours of
the day.
x
Red “X” — Never drive in this lane when the red ”X” is displayed.
Yellow “X” — This indicates the lane signal is going to change to red. Leave
this lane safely before the red “X” appears.
Flashing Yellow “Arrow” — This indicates the lane may be used for
approaching and making a left turn.
Green Arrow — This indicates lanes may be used, but all other signs and sig-
nals must be obeyed.
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Pavement Markings
Edge Lines
Solid lines along the side of the road that tell you where the edge of the pavement is located.
Solid white lines are used on the right of the roadway edge. Solid yellow lines are used on
the left edge of divided streets or roadways.
White Lane Lines

• White lane lines separate lanes of traffic moving in the same direction.
• Broken white lines separate lanes of traffic moving in the same direction. Crossing the
line is only allowed when changing lanes or turning.
• Solid white lines separate lanes of traffic moving in the same direction. Crossing a solid
white line requires special care and is discouraged.
• Solid double white lines separate lanes of traffic moving in the same direction. Crossing
a double solid white line is prohibited.
Yellow Center Lines

• Yellow center lines separate lanes of traffic moving in opposite directions.
• Broken yellow lines separate single lanes of traffic moving in opposite directions. Passing
is allowed.
• Solid double yellow lines are used where traffic is moving in opposite directions. Two
solid lines mark the center of the roadway and may be crossed to make a left turn to or
from an alley, private road, driveway or street.
Yellow No Passing Lines

No passing lines are solid yellow lines on roads where
traffic moves in opposite directions. The lines indicate
zones where passing is not allowed.
When the solid yellow line is on your side of the center

line, you may cross it to finish passing a vehicle you
already started to pass before the beginning of the no
passing zone. You may cross it to make a left turn into
or from an alley, private road or driveway.
79
When there is a solid and a broken yellow line sepa-
rating two lanes of traffic moving in opposite direc-
tions, you may pass only when the broken yellow line
is nearest your lane.
Two-Way Left Turn Lanes

Two-way left turn lanes are marked with yellow lines and white arrows. A left turn may
not be made from any other lane when a turn lane is provided. A vehicle may not be driven
in the lane except when preparing for or making a left turn from or into the roadway or
when preparing for or making a U-turn when permitted by law.
White Stop Line

A white stop line is painted across a lane at an intersection. The line is usually 4 feet before
the crosswalk in an urban area. It shows where you must stop your vehicle for a stop sign
or red light. You must stop your vehicle before any part of it crosses the line.
White Crosswalk Lines

White crosswalk lines are painted across the entire width of the pavement. Sometimes the
inside area is marked with white diagonal lines for added visibility. Pedestrians in cross-
walks have the right of way over vehicles. Crosswalks are sometimes in the middle of the
block and a pedestrian crossing sign is located at the white lines.
Other Markings
• Yellow or white diagonal stripes are used to mark fixed obstructions.
• Solid white or yellow lines are sometimes used to channel traffic around a hazard.
• Curb markings, fire lanes and pavement markings may be designated as “No Parking”
areas by local authorities.
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Railroad Crossings
Railroad crossings are marked with one or more of the following special warning devices:
• Round Advance Warning Sign — A yellow sign with a black “X” and the letters “RR”
means a highway-railway crossing is ahead. The sign may be placed up to 750 feet in
advance of the railroad crossing.
• Pavement Markings — A solid yellow line in advance of the crossing means no pass-
ing. White stop lines on each side of the track show motorists where to stop when a
train is approaching. These markings also indicate a highway-railway crossing is ahead.
•Railroad Crossbuck Sign — If a railroad crossing has more than one track, the number
of tracks is on the sign below the crossbuck. This is considered a yield sign, and you must
yield the right of way to any oncoming trains and railroad equipment.
• Flashing Light Signals — When lights begin to flash, you must always stop until the
train has passed and the lights have stopped flashing.
• Gates — Remain stopped until the lowered gates are raised and lights are no longer
flashing. Do not attempt to beat crossing gates as they are lowering or go around lowered
gates.
Tracks equipped with an automated railroad crossing enforcement system may record an
image of the vehicle license plate number, time, date and location of any violation. Drivers
are subject to fines and possible suspension of their driving privileges for violations.
R
R
G
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A
A
IN
IN
IL
IL
S
S
S
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O
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3 3
TRACKS TRACKS

1. What should a driver do when approaching a traffic control signal that is not in opera-
tion?
a. Come to a full stop and yield the right of way before entering the intersection.
b. If the intersection is clear, the driver does not need to stop.
c. Drive quickly through the intersection to get out of the way of other vehicles.
2. If a traffic light shows both a red light and a green arrow, a driver may not turn in the
direction of the arrow until the red light has changed.
n True n False
81
3. Drivers may pass on a two-lane roadway marked with a single solid yellow line on their
side of the center line.
n True n False
4. A railroad crossbuck sign should be treated the same as a yield sign.
n True n False
5. A driver approaching a flashing red light must stop, yield the right of way to traffic and
proceed when safe.
n True n False
6. Drivers are allowed to leave the roadway to avoid a traffic signal.
n True n False
82
Chapter 11: Safe Driving Tips
Driving is a privilege and a responsibility. A driver must obey all traffic laws and be prepared
to react to other drivers and driving conditions.
Drive Defensively
Always be prepared to react to another driver. Do not assume you know what the other
driver is going to do. If you cannot avoid a crash, remain calm and try to choose the least
dangerous situation.
Following Distances
Following a vehicle too closely, or tailgating, is the cause of most rear-end crashes. Use the
three-second rule to determine a safe following distance. To use the three-second rule, select
a fixed object on the road ahead such as a sign, tree or overpass. When the vehicle in front
of you passes the object, count “one-thousand-one, one-thousand-two, etc.” Your vehicle
should not reach the object before the count of one-thousand-three. If this occurs, you are
following too close.
The three-second rule also applies to your vehicle speed when you are on a good road and
during good weather conditions. If the road and/or weather conditions are not good,
increase your following distance even more.
If you are being tailgated, move to another lane or slowly pull off the road and allow the
vehicle to pass.
3 Seconds
Approximate Feet Vehicle

Vehicle Speed Three-Second Rule Distance
Will Travel in 1 Second
25 mph 37 feet 111 feet back
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Vehicle Speed
Driving too fast or too slowly can create a dangerous situation. Regardless of the posted
speed limit, weather and traffic conditions may make it necessary to drive more slowly.
Your speed should be adjusted for the conditions and match the flow of traffic, as long as
it does not surpass the maximum posted speed limit. Doubling your speed quadruples your
vehicle’s stopping distance.
Consider the following when deciding your speed:

• How quickly you can react physically and mentally.
• Type and condition of the roadway.
• Size of the tires — large, wide tires with good tread will stop a vehicle faster than small,
narrow tires with little tread.
• Condition of the brakes — newer brakes stop a vehicle more quickly than older, worn
brakes.
• Direction of the wind and how fast it is blowing — a strong tail wind can make it very
difficult to stop.
• Type of vehicle — vehicle design, weight distribution, suspension and shock absorbers
all play a role in how quickly a vehicle can stop.
Drowsy Driving
Drowsy driving can impair your ability to drive safely, even if you do not fall asleep. A driver
often cannot react in time to apply brakes or steer away from a potential crash. You should
be properly rested and avoid drowsiness by stopping frequently when taking long trips.
Exercising your eyes by reading road signs or shifting the focus to different parts of the
roadway is also helpful.
Weather Conditions
Weather can create a driving hazard. Special care must be taken in fog, rain, high winds
and winter driving conditions.
Fog
While it is not advisable if you must drive in foggy conditions, take the following precautions:
• Turn off the cruise control and increase your following distance.
• Slow down. If you see headlights or taillights, slow down even more. A driver may be
driving in the center of the roadway, stopped or barely moving.
• Drive with your headlights set on dim or use fog lights.
• Do not overdrive your headlights. Stay within the limits of your vision in case it is neces-
sary to stop suddenly. If the fog is too dense, pull off the roadway and stop. Do not drive
at 5-10 mph.
• Use turn signals long before making a turn.
• Brake early when approaching a stop to warn other drivers.
84
Rain
Illinois law requires you to use your headlights when operating your windshield wipers.
When rain begins to fall lightly, water, dust, oil and leaves cause the roadway to become
slippery. Take the following precautions when driving in rain:
• Turn off the cruise control and increase your following distance.
• Take special precautions on curves, turns and while braking.
• Slow down to avoid hydroplaning. If your vehicle skids while hydroplaning, try to regain
control of the vehicle. If that is not possible, release the accelerator and ride out the skid.
If you come across a roadway or viaduct that has been flooded due to heavy rain, do not drive
through the flooded area. It is impossible to determine the depth or current of the water. Turn
your vehicle around and find another route.
High Winds
Wind can be a difficult problem, especially for drivers of trucks, recreational vehicles,
campers and trailers-in-tow. Take the following precautions:
• Reduce your speed and make steering corrections when going from a protected area to
an open area and when meeting large vehicles such as trucks and buses.
• Heavy rain or sleet often accompanies high winds. Be alert to wet or slippery areas and
plan for those conditions.
• The Illinois Tollway System bans the hauling of house trailers in high winds.
Winter Driving
Winter is the most difficult driving season due to possible ice, snow, lower temperatures
and fewer daylight hours.
• Drive slower and increase your following distance. Roadway conditions may vary depend-
ing upon the sun, shade or roadway surface.
• Turn off the cruise control if the pavement is wet, icy or snowy.
• Remove all snow and ice from your vehicle, clear all windows and do not start driving
until the windshield is defrosted and clear. Be sure that you have nonfreezing windshield
washer liquid and that the vehicle’s headlights and taillights are visible.
• Be sure the vehicle is maintained properly. Lights, brakes, windshield wipers, defrosters,
radiator and other parts should be in good working order.
• Use snow tires and/or chains (where allowed). Snow tires give extra traction and chains
increase safety on snow or ice covered roads. Neither snow tires nor chains allow you
to drive on bad roads at normal speeds.
• Gently apply brakes in slow, steady strokes. This helps you determine how much vehicle
traction is available. Begin braking early when coming to an intersection or stop.
• Approach bridges, shaded spots, overpasses and turns slowly. They may remain icy after
the rest of the roadway is clear and dry.
• Plan ahead for winter driving. Carrying a blanket, food and other survival equipment, such
as a shovel, in your vehicle can be helpful if stranded. If you do become stranded, remain
85
in your vehicle. Run the engine only for brief times and open the window to prevent
carbon monoxide poisoning. If possible, make sure the vehicle’s tailpipe is free of snow
and debris.
Special Driving Situations and Hazards

Expressway Driving
Expressways, interstates, toll roads, turnpikes and freeways are fast, multiple-lane roads
with maximum speed limits of 55, 65 or 70 mph. Be alert when driving on expressways
because speed and traffic volume are major concerns. Following are tips for safe driving
on expressways:
• When entering an expressway, you will usually find a speed-change lane. This lane allows
you to gain the speed necessary before merging. Signal and look for an opening in the
traffic, match traffic speed and merge with traffic when safe.
• Check your rearview and side mirrors before changing lanes.
• Use your turn signals when making lane changes.
• Do not follow too closely. Allow plenty of distance between you and the vehicle ahead.
• The right lane is for slower traffic. The left lane is for faster traffic and for passing. Do
not drive continuously in the left lane.
• Do not stop on the expressway. Pull off the road if you are experiencing a problem. Lift
your vehicle’s hood and turn on your hazard flashers. Never walk along the expressway.
• Freeway exits may be on the right or left. Be sure your vehicle is in the correct exit and
speed-change lanes and use your turn signals to indicate the intent to exit. When
approaching the exit, slow down to make the exit in the speed-change lane.
• If you miss an exit, go to the next available exit. Backing up on an expressway is against
the law.
• If lanes are reduced due to construction or maintenance, merge early into the open lane,
if the road is not heavily congested. However, in dense, slow-moving traffic, it is advised
that you use both lanes to advance to the lane reduction point and merge at that location,
alternating turns.
86
Night Driving
Night driving is difficult because things may appear differently than in daylight. Glare from
lights may interfere with vision.
• Never overdrive your vehicle’s headlights and always keep them clean and aimed properly.
Lights should be used from sunset to sunrise. Bright lights must be dimmed 500 feet
before meeting an oncoming vehicle or 300 feet before passing a vehicle.
• Dim the dashboard lights, use the sun visor to avoid glare and avoid using any other light
inside the vehicle.
• Use edge lines and center lines of the roadway as guides.
• Do not stop on the roadway. If you must stop, use of a red warning light is recommended.
Rural Intersections
Depending on the time of the year, it may be difficult to see other drivers. Some rural
intersections may be marked with warning signs (stop, yield, etc.), while others may not.
When approaching any rural intersection, slow down and look both ways before entering
the intersection.
Curves
Slow down before entering a curve. Do not brake suddenly, as this may cause skidding or
locked wheels. Never drive over the center line.
Head-on Approaches
When a vehicle is approaching head-on in your lane, slow down, pull over to the right and
sound the horn.
Skidding
Skidding occurs when tires lose traction. If your vehicle starts to skid, ease off the gas pedal
or brakes, steer into the direction of the skid until regaining traction and then straighten
the vehicle.
Driving Off the Pavement

If your vehicle’s wheels drift off the pavement onto the shoulder, grip the wheel firmly, ease
your foot off the gas pedal and brake gently. After checking for traffic behind you, gently
steer your vehicle back onto the pavement. Do not jerk the wheel to correct the steering.
This may cause the vehicle to drive into oncoming traffic.
87
Fire
If smoke appears, pull off the road. Turn off the engine, move away from your vehicle and
call 9-1-1. Vehicle fires can be very dangerous. Do not fight the fire yourself.
Water Crashes
If your vehicle runs off the roadway into water but does not sink right away, try to escape
through a window. Because of differences in water pressure, you or your passengers may
not be able to open the car doors. If your vehicle does sink, move to the back seat area
where an air pocket usually forms. If possible, take a deep breath and exit from a rear
window.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Carbon monoxide is deadly. It is found in fumes produced any time a vehicle burns fuel. The
most common symptoms of carbon monoxide poisoning are headache, dizziness, weakness,
upset stomach, vomiting, chest pain and confusion. Carbon monoxide symptoms are often
described as “flu-like.” People who fall asleep in their vehicles or leave them running in
their garage can die before they have symptoms. Everyone in the vehicle is at risk, partic-
ularly older people, infants and individuals with cardiac, pulmonary or blood disorders.
It is recommended that you have a mechanic check your vehicle exhaust system every year.
Never run a vehicle inside a garage that is attached to a house.
Electricity
If you are in a crash that results in power lines falling on your vehicle, the danger of electrical
shock exists. You and your passengers should remain in the vehicle until help arrives. If fire
is an immediate danger, you must jump clear of the vehicle. When jumping clear, do not
allow any part of your body to touch the vehicle and the ground at the same time. When
jumping from the vehicle, land on both feet and hop or shuffle, while keeping your arms
close to your body, for a distance of 50 feet away from the vehicle.
Explosive Fire Hazard

Always shut off your vehicle’s engine when refueling. Never smoke around gas pumps. For
safety purposes, remain with the pump while refueling.
Equipment Failure
Crashes often happen when equipment fails. Equipment failures may include:
• Blowouts — A thumping sound may be a warning of a blowout. If this happens, ease
your foot off the gas pedal and keep a firm grasp on the steering wheel. Pull safely off
the roadway and check the tires. Do not brake suddenly.
• Loss of a Wheel or Tire — React the same as a tire blowout.
88
• Steering Failure — If you suddenly have no control of the steering wheel, ease off the
gas pedal, turn on your vehicle’s emergency flashers and allow your vehicle to come to
a slow stop. Brake very gently to prevent your vehicle from spinning. If your vehicle has
power steering or a locking steering wheel, do not turn off the ignition because your vehi-
cle will lose either the power steering or its ability to steer.
• Brake Failure — If the brake pedal suddenly sinks to the floor, pump it to build pressure.
If that does not work, use the emergency or parking brake. To slow down, shift your vehi-
cle into a lower gear.
• Headlight Failure — If your headlights fail suddenly, try using your vehicle’s emergency
flashers, parking lights and/or turn signals, and pull off the road. If your lights begin to
dim, drive to a service station or pull off the road and seek help.
• Stuck Gas Pedal — If your gas pedal becomes stuck, hook your toe under it to free it.
If it does not become free, shift your vehicle into neutral and brake gently to slow down.
• Blocked Vision — If your vision becomes blocked, roll down your side window to see.
Turn on your vehicle’s emergency flashers and pull your vehicle off the road.
Aggressive Driving
Aggressive driving is the operation of a motor vehicle in a manner that endangers or is likely
to endanger persons or property. A person doing any of the following may be committing
acts of aggressive driving and pose the risk of a crash:
• Speeding.
• Running red lights and stop signs.
• Tailgating.
• Passing on the shoulder of the road.
• Cutting off another vehicle.
• Slamming on brakes in front of a tailgater.
• Improper hand or facial gestures at other drivers.
• Yelling.
• Repeatedly honking the horn.
• Repeatedly flashing the headlights.
If you encounter an angry or aggressive motorist:

• Do not retaliate or in any way engage the other driver.
• Do not make eye contact.
• Keep your vehicle doors locked and windows up.
• Keep enough space between you and the vehicle in front of you to pull out from behind.
• Do not underestimate a driver’s potential for aggression.
89
Stranded Motorists’ Safety Protocols
If your vehicle becomes stranded on a high capacity, low capacity, or Illinois Tollway here
are the safety protocols to follow below.
A high-capacity roadway typically refers to a road designed to handle a large volume of

traffic efficiently. These roads often have multiple lanes, controlled intersections, and various
traffic management systems to accommodate high traffic flow. Examples include highways
and major urban arterials.
In contrast, a low-capacity roadway is designed for lower traffic volumes and may have
fewer lanes, fewer traffic control features, and a lower speed limit. These roads are typically
found in residential areas, rural regions, or secondary routes with less traffic.
Higher capacity roads, follow these steps if your vehicle breaks down or you have
an emergency:
• If possible, pull over to the right shoulder or a safe location as far as possible to avoid
passing traffic.
• Remain in your vehicle and keep your seatbelt on
• Activate your hazard lights.
• Call 911 for assistance.
• Wait for an emergency responder to arrive and assist you.
For lower capacity roads, follow these steps if your vehicle breaks down or you
have an emergency:
• If possible, pull over to the right shoulder or a safe location as far as possible to avoid
passing traffic.
• If it is necessary and safe to do so, exit your vehicle from the opposite side of oncoming
traffic and move away from your vehicle (stand on a sidewalk, behind a guard rail, or by
the edge of a field).
• If you cannot exit your vehicle safely, remain in your vehicle and keep your seatbelt on
• Call 911 for assistance.
For the Illinois Tollway, follow these steps if your vehicle breaks down or you
have an emergency:
• If possible, pull over to the right shoulder as far as possible to avoid passing traffic.
• Remain in your vehicle and keep your seatbelt on.
• Call *999 or 911 for assistance.
• Wait for Tollway Maintenance/an emergency responder to arrive and assist you.
90
1. The road surface of a bridge may be dangerous in winter because it may remain icy
after the rest of the roadway is clear.
n True n False
2. If driving in fog, a driver should turn on the high-beam headlights to increase the field
of vision.
n True n False
3. Most rear-end crashes are caused by the vehicle in back following too closely.
n True n False
4. The three-second rule helps the driver determine a safe following distance.
n True n False
5. If a vehicle starts to skid on water (hydroplane), the driver should quickly apply the
brakes.
n True n False
6. If the front right wheel of a vehicle runs off the pavement, a driver should ease off the
accelerator, brake gently and gently steer back onto the pavement.
n True n False
7. Drivers who become stranded in blizzard conditions should remain in their vehicles.
n True n False
8. When experiencing a tire blowout, the driver should apply the brakes quickly and pull
off the roadway to check the tire.
n True n False
9. If a vehicle starts to skid, the driver should ease off the gas pedal or brakes and steer
in the opposite direction of the skid.
n True n False
10. Illinois law requires that headlights be on when atmospheric conditions require the use
of windshield wipers.
n True n False
91
Chapter 12: Equipment For Safe Driving
To be a safe driver, your vehicle must be properly equipped and in good working condition.
It is illegal to drive a vehicle that may be a hazard to any person or property.
Required Equipment
Your motor vehicle must have the following working equipment:
• Brakes — Vehicles must have two brake systems and brakes on all wheels. The foot
brake must be strong enough to stop a vehicle traveling at a speed of 20 mph within 30
feet. The emergency or parking brake must be strong enough to stop the vehicle in 55
feet at the same speed. The emergency brake also must be able to hold the vehicle on a
grade or hill. Motor-driven cycles need only one brake.
• Headlights — Vehicles must have two headlights, which must be on from sunset to
sunrise and be used when rain, snow, fog or other conditions require windshield wipers.
They also should be used when objects 1,000 feet away cannot be seen. Bright lights
must be dimmed 500 feet before meeting an oncoming vehicle or 300 feet before passing
a vehicle. Motorcycles and mopeds require a headlight, which must show objects 500
feet ahead, and be turned on whenever the vehicle is driven. No tinted or smoked lenses
are allowed on any vehicle.
• Taillights — Vehicles must have two red lights visible for 500 feet from behind. Only
one taillight is needed for mopeds and motorcycles.
• Turn signals — Vehicles, except motorcycles, trailers and semitrailers, must have right-
and left-turn signals on the front and rear visible from 300 feet.
• License plate light — Vehicles must have a white light making the license plate read-
able from 50 feet away and must be on when headlights are on.
• Parking lights — Front and rear parking lights are required for any vehicle stopped on
a highway at night. Some local communities may allow unlighted night parking on streets.
• Safety belts— Passenger vehicles must have two sets of safety belts in the front seat.
Vehicles manufactured in 1965 or after may not be sold or operated in Illinois without
safety belts.
• Mirrors — One rearview mirror is required so you can see at least 200 feet behind
your car.
• Windows — All window glass must be approved safety glass. The windshield must be
free of snow, ice, moisture and any defects that distort vision. All glass must be free of
obstructions between the driver and front or rear windows. Tinted windows are not
allowed on the front windshield. A 6-inch strip of tinting is allowed along the entire
length at the top of the front windshield.
• Wipers — Wipers must operate properly to clear ice, snow and moisture.
• Horn — Vehicles must have a horn that can be heard from 200 feet. Sirens, whistles
and bells are allowed only on authorized emergency vehicles.
• Muffler — A muffler must be on the exhaust system to prevent excessive noise and
smoke. Cutouts, bypasses and changes to the system to increase noise are illegal.
• Bumpers — Vehicles weighing 9,000 pounds or less and all recreational vehicles must
have a front and rear bumper. It is illegal to alter the suspension system of a vehicle to
92
lift the body from the chassis frame in excess of 3 inches. The horizontal line from the
front to the rear may not vary over 3 inches.
Restricted Equipment
• Projecting loads — Loads extending 4 feet or more to the rear of a vehicle must be
marked with a red flag during the day. At night or when visibility is poor, the vehicle must
have a red light visible for 500 feet.
• Back-up lights — Vehicles may have one or more backup lights that must emit a white
or amber light without glare; however, they may not be on when the vehicle is moving
forward.
• Spotlights — Only one spotlight is allowed on a vehicle. When approaching another
vehicle, it must be directed neither to the left nor more than 100 feet ahead. A vehicle
may not have more than four 300 candlepower lights burning.
• Flashing or moving lights — Flashing or moving lights other than turn signals or hazard
indicators are prohibited, except for police or designated emergency vehicles, which
includes fire protection district vehicles.
• Red lights — Red lights visible from the front are prohibited, except for police or des-
ignated emergency vehicles.
• Running board lights — Limited to one on each side and must be non-glare white or
amber lights.
• Cowl or fender lamps — Only two lights are allowed and must be non-glare, white or
amber lights.
• Studded tires — Pneumatic tires with metal studs are illegal except for vehicles used
by mail carriers in rural areas between November 15 and April 1; vehicles displaying Per-
sons with Disabilities or Disabled Veteran plates between November 15 and April 1 (own-
ers must live on a county or township road in an unincorporated area); agricultural tractors
or traction engines; agricultural machinery, including wagons, being used for agricultural
towing purposes; or road-building machinery operated at a speed of less than 10 mph.
• Televisions or video — Televisions or video recording monitors that can be seen from
the driver’s seat are prohibited while the vehicle is in motion. Watching or streaming a
live video on a cellphone is a violation of Illinois law.
• Antique vehicles — Special rules for lamps, brakes, lights (head, tail and stop lights)
and turn signals apply to vehicles more than 25 years old. For more information, call the
Secretary of State’s office at 800-252-8980 or visit ilsos.gov.
• Radar jamming device — Possession and use of radar jamming devices is prohibited
in all vehicles.
93
1. Within how many feet is a driver required to dim the headlights before meeting another
vehicle?
a. 250 feet
b. 400 feet
c. 500 feet
2. Headlights must be lighted from sunset to sunrise.
n True n False
3. A car must have a horn that can be heard from a distance of 200 feet.
n True n False
4. Tinted windows are not allowed on the front windshield of a vehicle.
n True n False
5. TVs and video recording monitors that can be seen from the driver’s seat are permitted
when the vehicle is in motion.
n True n False
6. Turn signals must be visible for 300 feet.
n True n False
94
Chapter 13: Owning a Vehicle
Purchasing a Vehicle
If you purchase a vehicle in Illinois, you must follow certain laws and responsibilities.
Purchasing from a Dealer

A dealer must follow certain laws when selling a new or used vehicle. Within 20 days of
purchase, a dealer must send the following to the Secretary of State’s office:
• Application for Vehicle Transaction(s).
• Properly signed Certificate of Title or Certificate of Origin.
• Separate payments for title/license plate fees and sales tax on the vehicle. Sales tax
varies depending on the city or county where the vehicle is purchased.
Purchasing from a Private Owner

If you purchase or obtain a vehicle from someone other than a dealer, within 20 days of
ownership the Secretary of State’s office must receive the following:
• Properly signed Certificate of Title in the seller’s name.
• Payment of title/license plate fees.
• Payment of Vehicle Use Tax. If the selling price is less than $15,000, the tax is based on
the model year of the vehicle. If the selling price is $15,000 or more, the tax is based on
the selling price of the vehicle. A RUT-50 tax form must be submitted along with the cor-
rect tax payment to Illinois Department of Revenue.
Purchasing Out of State

If you purchase a vehicle out of state, the following items must be sent to the Secretary of
State’s office to obtain a Certificate of Title and license plates:
• Payment of title/license plate fees. The amount is shown on the application.
• Certificate of Origin signed by the dealer if the vehicle is new, or a properly assigned
Certificate of Title if the vehicle is used. For both new and used vehicles, you also must
have a Bill of Sale.
• Recent vehicle registration ID card you are transferring license plates.
• Payment of sales or Vehicle Use Tax.
Vehicle Registration and Title

When you register a vehicle, you are providing the state with a record of that vehicle.
Registration allows you to legally use the vehicle on Illinois roadways. To register a vehicle
in Illinois, you must have an Illinois Certificate of Title. This document proves ownership.
All vehicles and mobile homes must have a Certificate of Title whether or not they are
registered.
95
Registration fees must be paid annually. A $20 late fee is assessed on registrations renewed
more than one month past the expiration date. Vanity/personalized plates and some other
plate categories carry additional fees in addition to the following fees:
Passenger vehicle and B-truck (8,000 pounds or less) ....................................................$151
Motorcycle .........................................................................................................................$41
Autocycle ...........................................................................................................................$71
Replacement plate (1)..........................................................................................................$6
Replacement plates (2) ........................................................................................................$9
Replacement sticker ..........................................................................................................$20
Fees are subject to legislative change. For up-to-date fee information, visit
ilsos.gov.
When you receive the license plates/sticker, you will also receive a vehicle registration ID
card that must be carried in your vehicle or with you when driving.
License Plate Requirements

Illinois law requires all passenger vehicles, trucks and vans to display two plates, one on
the front and one on the rear. License plate frames should not cover any of the information
on the license plates. License plates covers are not allowed.
Motorcycles, mopeds, trailers, semitrailers and buses registered under apportionment pro-
visions must display one license plate on the rear of the vehicle.
Truck-tractors and apportioned straight trucks must have one license plate on the front of
the vehicle.
When a vehicle is sold, the license plates should be removed and kept by the seller. In Illi-
nois, license plates remain with the owner, not the vehicle.
Temporary Registration Permit

When you apply for registration for your vehicle, you may be issued a Temporary Registration
Permit (TRP). This permit must be displayed in the same place and manner as a rear license
plate. The TRP is valid for 90 days from the issuance date, although it may be reissued if
the license plates do not arrive within 90 days. Once you receive the license plates, the
TRP should be removed and replaced with the permanent license plates. For your protection,
the permit should be destroyed and discarded upon removal. TRPs are available through
Illinois licensed dealers, licensed remittance agencies, currency exchanges and Secretary
of State facilities.
License Plate Renewal

As a courtesy, about 60 days before your vehicle registration expires, you may receive
a reminder postcard, an email and/or a renewal notice from the Secretary of State’s office.
96
You may renew online at ilsos.gov, by mail, by visiting a Secretary of State facility, or
by calling the toll-free number on the postcard and/or renewal notice. You also may renew
at certain banks, currency exchanges, credit unions and remittance agencies.
You are encouraged to immediately affix the renewal sticker to the upper right side of the
rear license plate. If you do not immediately display the renewal sticker and the current
sticker has expired, law enforcement may stop your vehicle and issue a ticket.
Illinois law allows you to drive without an up-to-date vehicle renewal sticker displayed on
your license plate provided you have a receipt in your vehicle from the Secretary of State
proving you purchased a sticker online before expiration, but have not yet received it. The
printed receipt is only valid as proof of registration for 30 days from the expiration of the
registration sticker currently displayed on the license plate.
Registration Renewal for Veterans

Members of the U.S. Armed Forces, serving in active duty or as a reservist, who can show
proof of service in a combat mission, shall have their standard vehicle registration fee
waived for the renewal period immediately following their return to the United States.
Proof must be shown at the time of registration renewal.
Vehicle owner(s) who are a member of the U.S. Armed Forces serving in a non-combat
capacity, a civilian employee of the Armed Forces or an employee of the U.S. Department
of Defense serving outside the United States but are a legal resident of Illinois have 45
days from their date of return to obtain or renew the vehicle registration.
Special License Plates

Personalized and vanity license plates are available for passenger vehicles, second division
vehicles weighing 8,000 pounds or less, motorcycles, vehicles operated by persons with
disabilities, recreational vehicles, recreational trailers and antique vehicles. Please allow
at least 45 days from the time the order is placed to receive your license plates.
Reduced-fee License Plates

Senior citizens and persons with disabilities who qualify for the Benefit Access Program
(formerly known as Circuit Breaker) tax relief through the Illinois Department on Aging
are eligible for reduced license plate fees for passenger (standard license plates and
specialty license plates) and recreational vehicles. One discount per year is allowed. For
more information, please call the Illinois Department on Aging at 800-252-8966 or 888-
206-1327 (TTY).
97
Mandatory Insurance
All vehicles operated in Illinois must be covered by liability insurance, which covers injuries
or damages to other persons or their property caused by a vehicle crash. Vehicle owner(s)
are required to provide insurance information at the time of registration renewal. Once the
vehicle owner(s) sign the registration or renewal application, they affirm that the vehicle
is properly insured. Some vehicle classes are required to carry higher liability coverage
under other laws. The following are minimum liability insurance limits in Illinois:
• $25,000 for injury or death of one person in a crash.
• $50,000 for injury or death of more than one person in a crash.
• $20,000 for damage to property of another person.
Evidence of liability coverage must be carried by the motorist or in the vehicle and shown
to law enforcement officers upon request. Insurance companies must issue Illinois insur-
ance cards to policyholders or provide an insurance card that can be displayed on the
driver’s cellphone or other electronic device. Contact your insurance agent or company if
you lose your insurance card or the company fails to send one. Meanwhile, carry in your
vehicle some other form to prove insurance coverage, such as an insurance binder, the cur-
rent policy declarations page, a certificate of insurance or the last insurance payment
receipt, until you receive your new card.
Enforcement of the law is managed through random computer checks by the Secretary of
State’s office and the issuance of traffic tickets. In addition, vehicle owner(s) must provide
proof of insurance to the Secretary of State’s office or the remitter when renewing their
license plates. This proof of insurance can be in a paper or electronic format. Failure to
carry the required insurance will result in fines, the inability to renew the vehicle registra-
tion, suspension of driving privileges and suspension of the vehicle registration until proof
of insurance is obtained. Providing false information to the Secretary of State’s office or a
remitter to renew the vehicle registration may result in criminal charges and a fine. If you
have trouble obtaining insurance, you should contact the Illinois Automobile Insurance Plan
for assistance.
Emissions Testing
In compliance with the Clean Air Act, certain vehicles in various areas of Illinois must pass
an Illinois Environmental Protection Agency (IEPA) emissions test in order for the Secretary
of State’s office to renew the vehicle’s registration. Notice is provided to owners of the
scheduled test month and year for their vehicles. A vehicle emissions test is required in the
following counties: all of Cook, DuPage and Lake, and parts of Kane, Kendall, McHenry, Will,
Madison, Monroe and St. Clair. If you move from the area in which testing is required, you
must notify the Secretary of State. For more information, please call the Illinois Air Team at
844-258-9071 or visit the Illinois Air Team website at www.illinoisairteam.com.
98
License Plates and Parking Placards
for Persons with Disabilities
License Plates
Illinois residents with a permanent disability may obtain Persons with Disabilities License
Plates for vehicles titled in their name. An immediate family member residing in the same
household may obtain two sets of plates if the qualifying person with disabilities does not
own a vehicle and must rely on someone else for transportation. Corporations, school districts,
limited liability companies, nursing homes, convalescent homes and special education coop-
eratives transporting eligible persons may obtain these plates as well. These plates DO NOT
exempt the authorized holder from parking meter fees and time limitations at parking meters.
Parking Placards
Disability parking placards may be issued to any Illinois resident with a physician-certified
disability. They may only be used in a vehicle if the disabled person is present and entering
or exiting the vehicle while parked at a designated accessible parking space. The four types
of disability parking placards are:
• Meter-Exempt Permanent —This placard is issued to persons with permanent dis-
abilities that significantly impair their ability to access a parking meter. There are specific
types of disabilities that meet this qualification. The placard allows the authorized holder
to park in spaces reserved for persons with disabilities, such as a mall, grocery or retail
store, and exempts the holder from parking meter fees and time limitations at meters
exceeding a 30-minute time limit. Placards expire on the last day of the holder’s birth
month in 2026.
• Permanent — This placard is issued to persons with other types of permanent disabil-
ities. The placard allows the authorized holder to park in spaces reserved for persons with
disabilities such as a mall, grocery or retail store. The placard DOES NOT exempt the holder
from parking meter fees and time limitations. Placards expire on the last day of the holder’s
birth month in 2026.
• Temporary — This placard is issued to persons with a temporary disability. The placard
is valid for the length of time indicated by the certifying physician, not to exceed six months
if issued by the Secretary of State and 90 days if issued by a local municipality. The placard
DOES NOT exempt the authorized holder from parking meter fees and time limitations.
• Organization — This placard is issued to organizations that offer free transportation to
persons with disabilities. The placard allows the authorized holder to park in spaces
reserved for persons with disabilities when transporting persons with disabilities. The
placard DOES NOT exempt the holder from parking meter fees and time limitations. Plac-
ards expire on April 30, 2026.
For more information on any of the items discussed in this chapter, visit ilsos.gov or call
800-252-8980.
99
Answers to Study Questions
Chapter 3 19. True (30) Chapter 7 3. False (79-80)
1. False (18) 20. False (29) 1. True (54) 4. True (81)
2. True (19) 21. True (35) 2. True (55) 5. True (77)
3. True (19) 22. True (25-26) 3. True (54) 6. False (77)
4. True (16) 23. False (21) 4. True (54)
5. False (19) 24. True (21) 5. a (55) Chapter 11
6. True (16) 25. a (33) 6. d (56) 1. True (85)
26. True (33) 2. False (84)
Chapter 4 27. False (33) Chapter 8 3. True (83)
1. True (27) 28. True (33) 1. c (60) 4. True (83)
2. True (26) 2. True (59) 5. False (87)
3. b (26) Chapter 5 3. True (61) 6. True (87)
4. True (32-33) 1. True (43) 4. False (61) 7. True (85-86)
5. True (25) 2. False (42) 5. d (59-60) 8. False (88)
6. a (33) 3. True (41) 6. d (58-59) 9. False (87)
7. False (28) 4. True (45) 10. True (85)
8. True (26) 5. True (40) Chapter 9
9. True (31) 6. d (43) 1. True (72) Chapter 12
10. False (34) 2. True (66) 1. c (92)
11. c (30) Chapter 6 3. True (65) 2. True (92)
12. False (26) 1. True (49) 4. True (75) 3. True (92)
13. b (25) 2. True (48) 5. True (64) 4. True (92)
14. True (27) 3. d (51) 6. True (64) 5. False (93)
15. True (22) 4. False (50) 6. True (92)
16. c (24) 5. True (50) Chapter 10
17. False (29) 6. True (52) 1. a (77)
18. a (25) 2. False (78)
100
Index
—A— —D—
Address, 6-11, 22, 54-55 Deaf, 15
Adult Driver Education Course, 5, 18 Death, 20, 24, 49-51, 54-55, 58-61, 98
Adult Driver Education Provider, 5 Defensive Driving, 56, 83
Age Restrictions, 4 Denial, 13, 58, 61
Aggravated DUI, 51-52, 58-59 Disability (See Persons with Disabilities)
Aggressive Driving, 89 Disabled Parking (See Parking, Persons with
Air Bags, 23 Disabilities)
Alcohol, 10, 18-20, 40, 48-52, 58-62 Disabled Pedestrian, 27, 40
Alleys, 15, 24, 26-27, 29, 34, 67, 79 Disabled Vehicle, 45
Antique Vehicle, 93, 97 Distracted Driving, 22-23
Appearing in Court (See Court Appearance) Driver Education, 5, 16-19
Autocycle, 42, 95 Driver Remedial Education Course, 20, 52
Automated Traffic Signal/Light, 59 Driver’s License
Commercial, 4-5, 9, 12
—B— Corrected License, 6-7, 9, 11
Beacon, 69 Duplicate License, 6-7, 11
Behind-The-Wheel Training, 16-17 Probationary License, 62, 104
Benefit Access Program, 15, 96 Renewal, 8-9, 11, 13-15, 20, 61
Bicycles/Bicyclists, 23-24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 42-44, Temporary Visitor License, 4, 6, 8, 11-12
65, 69 Driveways, 26-27, 29, 34-36, 41, 67-68, 79
Blood-Alcohol Concentration (BAC), 48-51, 59 Driving Exam, 13-14, 17
Blood Test, 49 Driving Hazards, 29, 43, 45, 64, 69-70, 74, 80,
Blowout (tire), 88 84, 86, 88, 92
Bodily Harm, 20, 58-59, 61 Driving Log, 16
Booster Seats, Child, (See Child Passenger Driving Off Pavement, 28, 87
Protection Act) Driving Record, 9-10, 12-13, 17-19, 48-50, 58, 61
Brakes, 14, 21, 34, 42, 46, 84-85, 87-89, 92-93 Driving Under the Influence (DUI), 48-52, 58-59,
Breath Alcohol Ignition Interlock Device (BAIID), 61
50, 61 Drowsy Driving, 84
Bribery, 13 Drugs, 10, 40, 48-51, 58-59, 61
Bridges, 21, 28-29, 35, 40, 72-73, 85 Dutch Reach, 30, 43
Bumpers, 92
—E—
—C— Electric Bicycle, 42-44
Cancellation, 10, 19, 56, 58, 60-61 Electric Vehicle, 35
Cannabis, 48-49, 58 Electricity, 88
Carbon Monoxide, 86, 88 Emergency Contact Database, 11
Cellphone, 13, 18-19, 21-22, 25, 70, 98 Emergency Vehicles, 25-26, 29-31, 60, 67, 92-93
Cheating, 13 Emissions Testing, Vehicle, 97
Child Passenger Protection Act, 23-24 Equipment, Vehicle, 14, 25, 46, 88, 92-93
Child Restraint (See Child Passenger Protection Exemptions, 5, 17, 51, 99
Act) Expressway, 43, 45, 47, 66-67, 73, 78, 86
Child Visitation Abuse, 59, 62
Citation (See Traffic Citation) —F—
Classifications (Driver’s License), 4, 11, 16, 104 Fees
Commercial Driving School, 19 Driver’s License, 6, 8, 10, 11-12, 13, 17, 19
Construction Zones, 25, 29, 32, 59-60, 64-65, 69, License Plates, 15, 95-97
72-74 Financial Responsibility Law (See Insurance)
Controlled-Access Roadway, 29, 35, 43, 47, 67 Fire, 88
Cooperative Driver Testing, 16-17 Fog, 84, 92
Court Appearance, 54 Following Distances, 42, 83-85
Court Supervision, 18-20, 49, 52, 56, 60 Forfeiture (See Vehicle Seizure)
Crash Reports, 9, 54-55 Four-way Stop, 26
Crosswalk, 25-27, 29, 35-36, 40, 64, 66, 69-70, Fraud, 9, 58, 60-61
77-78, 80 Freeway, 29, 67, 71, 74, 86
Curfew, 18 Funeral Processions, 25-26
Curves, 21, 24, 28, 30, 32, 71-73, 85, 87
101
—G— Motorcycles, 4, 11, 14, 22, 41-42, 44, 92, 96-97,
Graduated Driver’s License, 18-19 104
Gross Vehicle Weight, 4, 104 Moving Violations (See Traffic Violations)
Muffler, 92
—H—
Hands-Free, 18-19, 22, 25 —N—
Hard of Hearing, 15 Name, 6-10, 22, 33, 54-55, 95, 99
Hazard Signal, 32 Night Driving, 16, 18, 20-21, 40, 43-45, 61, 74,
Head-on Approaches, 87 87, 92-93
Headlight, 25, 36, 42, 44-46, 84-85, 87, 89, 92
Headsets, 22, 25 —O—
High Winds, 84-85 Obstruction, 25, 29, 35, 46, 68, 80, 92
Highway, 21, 24-27, 29, 33, 35-36, 40, 43, 45-48, Occupational Driving Permit (See Permits)
64-65, 67-68, 72-73, 78, 81, 92 One-Way, 26-29, 31, 35, 66-68, 77-78
Hitchhiking, 40 Organ/Tissue Donor Program, 10
Horn, Vehicle, 47, 87, 89, 92 Overpass, 35-36, 83, 85
Horseback Riders, 47
Horsepower, 43 —P—
House Trailer, 36, 85 Parent, 5, 16-19, 41, 51, 54
Parent-Teen Driving Guide, 16, 19
—I— Parent-Teen Driving Contract, 19
Illegal Transportation, 48, 51, 60 Parental Access, 19
Implied Consent Law, 49 Parking, 15, 22, 34-36, 43, 60, 80, 92
Infraction, 9, 18 Parking Brakes, 14, 46, 89, 92
Injury, 49-52, 54-55, 58-61, 98 Parking Lights, 36, 89, 92
Instruction Permit (See Permits) Parking, Persons With Disabilities, 15, 35, 60,
Insurance, 14, 21, 50-51, 55-56, 58, 60, 98 74, 99
Intersections, 24-32, 35-36, 40-41, 43, 64, 66, Passengers, 5, 16, 18, 20-23, 29-30, 32-33, 36,
68-69, 71, 77-78, 80, 85, 87 40, 43-44, 51, 54-55, 88, 92, 96-97
Interstate, 24, 29, 45, 71, 86 Passing, 21, 25-26, 28-30, 33, 36, 41-43, 45-47,
Intoxicating Compound, 48-51, 58-59 59, 65, 69, 72, 74, 79-81, 83, 86-87, 89, 92
Pavement Markings, 14, 32, 65, 77, 79-81
—J— Pedestrian Crosswalk (See Crosswalk)
Joggers/Walkers, 40 Pedestrians, 23-24, 26-32, 34, 40-41, 64-66, 69-
70, 77-78, 80
—L— Pedestrians With Disabilities (See Disabled
Lane Usage, 21, 24-26, 28-33, 35, 41-43, 45-46, Pedestrian)
59-60, 65-66, 68-69, 72-74, 78-80, 83, 86- Permits
87 Family Financial Responsibility Driving
Law Enforcement, 11, 18-19, 21-22, 26, 45, 49, Permit, 61
77, 97-98 Instruction Permit, 6, 11, 13, 16-17, 19, 61
Leaving the Scene of a Crash, 52, 55, 57 Monitoring Device Driving Permit, 50, 61
Left Turn, 15, 26-32, 41, 43, 46, 67-68, 71, 77- Occupational Driving Permit, 62
80, 92 Restricted Driving Permit, 20, 61
Legal Guardian, 5, 16-17, 19, 51, 54 Temporary Registration Permit, 96
License Plates, 14-15, 35, 54-55, 74, 81, 92, 95- Persons With Disabilities, 11, 15, 27, 35, 40, 60,
99 75, 93, 97, 99
Low-Speed Vehicles, 43-46 Police Vehicles (See Emergency Vehicles)
Portable Changeable Message Signs, 74
—M— Projecting Loads, 93
Maintenance Vehicle, 25
Maintenance Zone (See Construction Zone) —R—
Marijuana (See Cannabis) Radar Jamming Device, 93
Medical Condition, 10, 23, 61 Railroad, 26, 28-29, 33-36, 40, 42, 59-60, 64, 77,
Medical Report, 9 81
Merge, 26, 66, 73, 74, 86 Rain, 84-85, 92
Military, 10, 15, 74, 92, 97 Real ID, 4, 6, 8-9, 11, 17
Mirrors, Vehicle, 14, 27, 32, 43-46, 86, 92 Reckless Conduct, 59
Monitoring Device Driving Permit (See Permits) Reckless Driving, 26, 58-59
Mopeds, 22, 44, 91, 96 Reckless Homicide, 51-52, 58-59
Motorboat DUI (See DUI) Rental Vehicle, 4
102
Restricted Driving Permit (See Permits) Temporary Registration Permit (See Permits)
Restricted Local Driver’s License, 104 Temporary Visitor Driver’s License (See Driver’s
Revocation, 9, 48-50, 52, 58, 61 License)
Right of Way, 25-26, 30-31, 33-34, 40-43, 64, 66, Text Messaging, 22
77-78, 80-81 Tinted Windows, 92
Right Turn, 26, 30, 31-32, 43, 45, 46, 67-68, 71, Title, Vehicle, 42, 44-45, 94, 99
77-78 Tollway, 24, 60, 85-86
Rotary (See Roundabout) Towed Vehicle, 45
Roundabout, 32 Traffic Citation, 20, 51, 59
Rural Intersections, 87 Traffic Safety School, 19
Traffic Violation, 10, 14, 19-21, 54, 58-62
—S— Trains (See Railroad Crossings)
Safe Driver Renewal, 9 Trucks, 14, 23, 30, 44-45, 85, 96
Safety/Seat Belts, 14, 18, 23-24, 36, 46, 92 Tunnel, 28-29, 35, 40
Safety Responsibility Law (See Insurance) Turn Signal, 15, 21, 28, 30-32, 34, 45-46, 84, 86,
School Bus, 4-5, 9, 11, 29, 32-33, 51, 58-60, 65 89, 92-93
School Zone, 24-26, 29, 41, 65, 70 Two-Lane Highway, 27-29, 33, 65, 69, 72
Scooters, 44
Selective Service, 11 —U—
Senior Citizens, 4-5, 15, 97 U-Turns, 32, 67, 80
Serious Moving Violation, 61 Unattended Vehicle, 14, 45, 55
Serious Traffic Offense, 19 Urine Test, 22, 48-49
Shoulder, 21-23, 28-29, 40, 87, 89
Sidewalk, 34-36, 40, 43, 78 —V—
Signals/Signaling Veteran (See Military)
Arm/Hand Signals, 30 Visibility, 40, 69, 80, 93
Left Turns, 31 Vision Screening, 13
Right Turns, 30 Vision Specialist Report, 13, 61
Signs Visual Signal, 25-26, 60
Color, 65-66 Voter Registration, 10
Construction, 73-74
Guide, 74-75 —W—
Maintenance, 73-74 Walkers (See Joggers)
Regulatory, 66-69 Water Crashes, 88
School, 70 Watercraft DUI (See DUI)
Shapes, 64-65 Weather Conditions, 29, 42-43, 83-85
Warning, 69-73 White Lines, 21, 69, 79-80
Skidding, 85, 87 Windows, 64, 85-86, 88-89, 92
Slow-Moving Vehicles, 46, 75 Windshield, 46, 85, 92
Snow, 67, 85-86, 92 Windshield Wipers, 85, 92
Snowmobiles, 47 Winter Driving, 47, 84-86
Speed Limit, 21, 24-25, 40, 45, 67, 70, 73, 84, 86 Wireless Device (See Cellphone)
Statutory Summary Revocation, 49-50 Work Zone (See Construction Zone)
Statutory Summary Suspension, 49-50, 61 Written Exam, 13-14, 15-16, 64
Stop Line, 26, 64, 66, 77, 80-81
Stop Sign, 26-27, 33, 36, 64, 66, 77, 80, 89 —Y—
Stopping Distance, 42, 84 Yellow Lines, 28, 68-69, 79-81
Stranded Motorists’ Safety Protocols, 90 Yield, 25-27, 29-34, 36, 40-41, 43, 60, 64-66, 70,
Street, 15, 21, 26-29, 32, 34-36, 41, 43, 45, 65- 77-78, 81, 87
70, 77-79, 92
Street Racing, 58 —Z—
Suspension, Driver’s License, 9, 20, 33, 48, 54- Zero Tolerance, 52, 60
55, 58-59, 81, 98
Suspension, Vehicle Registration, 33, 98
—T—
Taillight, 44, 46, 84-85, 92
Teen Driving (See Graduated Driver’s License)
Telescopic Lenses, 13
Televisions/Video, 22, 93
103
Driver’s License Classifications
Driver’s licenses are classified by the gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of the operator’s
vehicle. A driver seeking a basic license to operate a car in Illinois is issued a Class D
license. The following is a list of all classifications in Illinois:
• Class A — Any combination of motor vehicles with a gross combined weight rating
(GCWR) of 26,001 pounds or more, providing that the vehicle being towed is in excess
of 10,000 pounds. This does not include motorcycles or motor-driven cycles. (A CDL is
generally required.)
• Class B — Any single motor vehicle with a GVWR of 26,001 pounds or more or any
such vehicle towing another not in excess of 10,000 pounds. This does not include motor-
cycles or motor-driven cycles. (A CDL is generally required.)
• Class C — Any motor vehicle with a GVWR of more than 16,000 pounds but less than
26,001 pounds, or any vehicle towing another with a GVWR of 10,000 pounds or less or
any vehicle designed to carry 16 or more passengers, including the driver, or hazardous
materials that require placarding. This does not include motorcycles or motor-driven
cycles.
• Class D — Any motor vehicle with a GVWR of 16,000 pounds or less, except those
vehicles requiring a Class A, B or C driver’s license or an L or M motorcycle license.
• Class L — Any motor-driven cycle with less than 150cc displacement.
• Class M — Any motorcycle or motor-driven cycle.
Certain licenses can be issued under special circumstances. These are:

• Probationary License — Issued in conjunction with a driver improvement activity that
grants full-driving privileges during a period of suspension for a driver age 21 and over.
The license may only be issued to a person suspended for three moving violations in a
12-month period and cannot be issued for more than three months.
• Restricted Local Driver’s License — Issued to a driver who lives in a community
with less than 3,500 residents and drives only within certain areas of the community.
104
105
8 Driver and Vehicle Online Services
Driver Services Vehicle Services

• Address Change • License Plate Renewal
• DL/State ID – mailing status • Pick-A-Plate
• Driver’s License • Title and Registration Status
Reinstatement
• Refund Request
• Driving Abstract
• License Plate Renewal Email
• Duplicate Driver License or Notice
ID card
• License Plate Replacement
• Emergency Contact Program
Database
• Print Your Registration
• Safe Driver Renewal Renewal Notice
• CDL Appointment • Benefit Access Control
Number Search
• Driver Education Course
Completion Check
For more information about our online services,

please visit the Illinois Secretary of State’s website at:
ilsos.gov
NOTES
NOTES
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As your Secretary of State, I am committed

Illinois Rules of the Road 2024

I also want to highlight an important date change to the federal REAL

You DO NOT NEED a REAL ID if: You NEED a REAL ID if:

Action Standard REAL ID

Driving (DL only) YES YES

Using for general

Boarding a domestic flight

Entering a military base or

For additional information:

Application Process for

Fees for a REAL ID and a standard

For domestic travel, a U.S. passport

For additional information about passports:

For additional information:

Application Process for

Unless specifically stated, the information contained in this chapter concerning

Chapter 1: Illinois Driver’s License

For procedures on obtaining a license to operate a motorcycle or commercial vehicle, please

Age Restrictions — Drivers 16-21

Document/ID Requirements for

First-time REAL ID-Compliant Driver’s License/ID Card Applicant

First-time Standard Issued Illinois Driver’s License/ID Card Applicant

Duplicate/Corrected Driver’s License/ID Card

Safe Driver Renewal

Penalties for Driver’s License/ID Card Fraud

Driver’s License/State ID Card Fees*

Duplicate/Corrected Driver’s License/Permit

Duplicate/Corrected State ID Card

Active Members of the Armed Services (also spouses/children residing at home)

Expanded Online Services

Cheating and Bribery

To take a driving exam, the vehicle used must:

Obtaining an Instruction Permit

Applying for an Illinois Driver’s License

Driver Education and the

Graduated Driver Licensing Program

Permit Phase — Drivers Age 15

Initial Licensing Phase — Drivers Ages 16-17

— Chapter 3 Study Questions —

Proper Action When Stopped by Law Enforcement

If the traffic stop results in a ticket or arrest, you:

Using hands-free technology such as a headset or voice activated controls is considered a

Safety Belt Fitting

Air Bag Safety

Child Passenger Protection Act

A driver may not:

Pedestrian Right of Way

“A” yields to “B” before turning

“A” yields to “B” because

“B” yields to “A” at “T”

A driver must yield:

Do Not Pass — Black Car is Breaking the Law

No Passing Zone Curve

Hill Railroad, Bridge, Tunnel, Viaduct

Passing on a two-lane, two-way roadway is not allowed:

A driver may signal in two ways:

Right Turn Left Turn Slow or Stop