4/5/2017

API RP 14C 8th EDITION

Recommended Practice for Analysis,

Design, Installation, and Testing of
Standards
Certification
Safety Systems for Offshore
Education & Training Production Facilities
Publishing
Conferences & Exhibits

Presenter – Joe Pittman

• Joe is a Safety Systems Engineer for Chevron’s Energy Technology

Company. Joe has 42 years of control and safety systems experience in
the petrochemical and oil & gas industry. In his current role with Chevron he
provides Safety Instrumented Systems support to Chevron’s Upstream,
Midstream and Downstream business units and their petrochemical
partnerships. His primary focus is SIS support for the Chevron wholly owned
and NOJV refineries and development of SIS maintenance and testing
standards for all Chevron facilities. He is the Chairman of the API RP 14C
Committee and Chevron’s voting member on the API 2350 Committee.

1
 4/5/2017

The Committee

 Chevron  EDG Engineering

 ExxonMobil  C & D Production Company
 Shell  Murphy Oil
 BP  Anadarko Oil
 ConocoPhillips
 Apache Oil
 BSEE (U.S. Bureau of Safety &
Environmental Enforcement)  Energy XXI
 ABS (American Bureau of  Others part time
Shipping)
 Helis Oil & Gas Company, L.L.C.
 Marathon Oil Company
 Petrobras
 KBR Engineering
 Mustang Engineering
3

Evolution of this edition

• It’s been 18 years since 14C was significantly revised.

– The 6th edition was issued in 1998
– The 7th edition was issued in 2003, but only 5 pages were changed
– This was to incorporate Pressure & Level Transmitters and testing frequency

• Drivers for Change:

– Items where BSEE has approved recurring deviations to API 14C, 30 CFR 250
or NTL’s
– Rupture disks and rupture pins in shell and tube exchanger service
– Items not covered by the standards, (e.g., methanol systems, different types of
exchangers, low temperatures, etc.)
– Items where users contend are not covered appropriately and lead to
inconsistent regulation from BSEE
– New items or systems driven by Deepwater, (Topsides HIPPS, PSV sizing, etc.).
– Items driven by technology advancements
4

2
 4/5/2017

Overview of Changes

 The API 14C – 7th Edition was about 100 pages

 The 8th edition is about 150 pages
 So there are lots of changes…almost every page
 Some significant changes, but many are clerical or corrections of
mistakes
 All drawings & figures recreated in Auto-Cad
 API 14C Committee performed a complete word by word review to
incorporate advancements in technology, cover operations in deep
water at higher pressures
 All subsea was removed and in coordination with the development
of API 17V Recommended Practice for Analysis, Design,
Installation, and Testing of Safety Systems for Subsea Applications
 Linkage to ISO 10418 broken
5

The “Biggies” Summary

Significant changes that you need to know
 New SAC References- mostly for high  Pumps suction lines must have same
and low temps on vessels pressure rating as discharge or PRD
installed.
 SAC tables configured for easy use
 Rotating Equipment Protection added
 Boarding Shut Down Valves (BSDV) for:
requirements added ─ Simple Overhung Centrifugal Pump
 Pipeline SDV/FSV must be tested ─ Between the Bearings Type
annually and checked for leakage. Centrifugal Pump Seal System

─ Also must have a TSE  New SACs for FSL, VSH,

 Compressors- More SDV’s and VSH’s  TSE’s requirements modified
─ BSDV and pipeline SDV
 Logic Solver requirements added
─ Atmos. tanks - 1 per 5ft perimeter
 HIPPS Systems added
─ Pumps-Adjacent to pump seals/packing
 SSV- leak rate is allowed. If sustained
─ When a vessel goes thru several
liquid flow exceeds 400 cc/min or gas decks, each level should have equal
flow exceeds 15 ft3/min coverage.

3
 4/5/2017

Other Changes to the 8th Edition?

 Overview of Changes

– Expanded from Platforms to Facilities to cover floaters

– Pneumatics vs. Electronics
– API STD 521 “Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems”
– New requirements around large (>1000HP) pumps & compressors
– Topsides HIPPS
– Bypassing Requirements
– Open Deck Fire and Gas Detection
– Concept of Prevention vs Mitigation
– More complex safety system designs users
are directed to performance based standards
– API 521 & IEC 61511 for HIPPS
– API 670 for Large Compressors

Slide 7

Sections / Annexes

 Appendix A remains & SAC Reference Do Not Change

 Appendix B in 7th edition was deleted
 Annex B- Examples of Safety Analysis Flow Diagram and Safety
Analysis Function Evaluation (SAFE) Chart (Previously Appendix E)
 Annex C- Remote Operations (New)
 Annex D - Safety System Bypassing (New)
 Annex E- High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (New)
 Annex F- Logic Solver (New)
 Annex G - Emergency Support Systems (New Fire & Gas Detail)
 Annex H –Toxic Gasses
 Annex I - Testing and Reporting Procedures
 Annexes defined as Informative or Normative (New)
8

4
 4/5/2017

The Details

Pneumatics vs. Electronics

 “This recommended practice emphasizes pneumatic systems since

they are the most commonly used…” – API RP 14C - 7th Edition
Section 1.2
– Pneumatics were prevalent when 14C was originated, but now
electronics dominate, so the changes associated with the move
to electronics must be addressed.

• Logic Solver Requirements

– Requirements shall be defined for logic solvers used on offshore
facilities.
– Logic solvers shall be certified to IEC 61508
or shall meet the requirements of
ANSI/ISA 84.00.01-1 Clause 11.5.5.5
– Other options are provided as alternatives to
certification

5
 4/5/2017

Topsides Pressure Relief Systems

 Pressure Relief Devices (PRD) defined by type in 14C

– PSV, PVRD, PRD, PSE
 Pressure Relief Sizing Scenarios
- API RP 14C was revised to include additional references to API STD
521 where applicable.
- API STD 521 is not incorporated into 30 CFR 250, so BSEE will need to
consider incorporating it.
 Deepwater Subsea Flowline/Riser facility issue associated with line
packing; pressures and volumes can exceed those used to size the
inlet separator relief system adding risk to the facility when opening
of the boarding valve.
– Relief Strategies
• Sizing relief valves for this scenario is often impractical
• Fixed restrictions can lower the pressure, but then can pose operational
issues during normal operations due to pressure loss.
• High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems (HIPPS) can be used in
place of additional relief valves for depressurizing events.
Slide 11

Topsides HIPPS

 HIPPS Requirements
– 14C includes HIPPS requirements for topside and on flowlines where
PSV protection cannot be provided
• Limited HIPPS design for flowline remains as an option

– HIPPS will be an independent system

• Performance option in accordance with API 521 (i.e. risk based SIL2/3
solution)
OR
• Prescriptive solution describing
 Design
 Commissioning
 Documentation
 Operation
 Maintenance & Testing

12

6
 4/5/2017

Heat Exchangers

• Requirements for Heat Exchangers

– Previous editions only address “shell & tube” exchangers, so plate &
frame, pipe-in-pipe, etc. were added.
– Review relief valve requirements to provide options for rupture discs /
rupture pin and other forms of fast response relief devices due to issue
of tube failure in high pressure gas exchangers.

Slide 13

Rotating Equipment

 Rotating Equipment Protection added for:

– Simple overhung centrifugal pump
– Between the bearings type centrifugal pump with seal system
– Requirements for seal pots with shutdowns on pumps >1000HP
– Suction lines must have same MAWP as discharge or protected by PRD
– High vibration shutdown on pumps >1000 HP

 Compressors requirements for:

– Vibration Shutdowns
– New requirements for SDV’s on intermediate stage suction and
discharge
– Shutdown on loss of secondary seal for compressor > 1000 HP

14

7
 4/5/2017

Safety System and ESS Bypassing

 Bypass Classes (Incorporating & resolving NTL guidance into API

RP 14C)
– All bypass classes are thoroughly defined
– Example of various bypass classes are given
– Restrictions on the use of various bypass classes are described
– Annunciation requirements for bypasses are defined
– Specific time delays are outlined and process for extending these time
delays is provided
 Automated Bypasses
– Automated bypasses are to be maximized in order to minimize the
potential for human error
 Emergency Support Systems (ESS) Bypassing
– Bypassing of ESS related systems defined in more detail

Slide 15

Open Deck Fire and Gas Systems

 Open Deck Fire and Gas Systems

 Open deck gas detection is not currently addressed or required
in 14C
 New facilities are installing fire/gas monitoring in the open deck areas of
the process
 Within the Emergency Support Systems (ESS) Annex:
─ Provide guidelines for optional use of deck fire/gas coverage
─ Provide set points (alarm and trip), and testing requirements
─ Identify the methodology for installation of gas detectors to
supplement some PSL and LSL requirements
• PSL/LSL method of leak detection may not be effective for some
scenarios,
• Gas detectors may be a more effective and offer increased safety

Slide 16

8
 4/5/2017

Concurrent Standards Work

 ISO 10418 is the international version of API RP 14C, but there are
now large differences between the two standards.
– ISO 10418 has attempted to be more performance based but still not
recognized my many countries

 API 17V Subsea Safety Systems

– Provide a clear division for Topsides and Subsea Safety Systems
– Maintain a similar proscriptive format
– Ensure consistent requirements for shut-in

Slide 17

Other Changes

 Low Temperature added to cover high pressure gas

 Large Rotating Equipment pointed to API 670
 Temporary Equipment defined and required to meet API 14C
 Symbology allowed to match ISA S5.1
 Appendix D “Safety Device Testing “ updated and Partial Stroke
Testing credited
 SDV full stroke closure required
 All Figures and Tables - updated &
corrected
 SAC Tables updated and corrected

18

9
 4/5/2017

Questions
19

10