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Lec15.2 - Arrays - Part 2

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22 views8 pages

Lec15.2 - Arrays - Part 2

Uploaded by

Ali Roohan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lecture 15

Arrays - Part 2

By: Asif Shahzad


Passing Arrays to Methods
• int[] nums = { 1, 2, 3};
modifyElement(nums[3]);
System.out.println(nums[3]);

//modifyArray(nums);
//System.out.println(nums[2]);

• public static void modifyElement(int element) {


element *= 2;
}
• public static void modifyArray(int[] array2) {
for (int i= 0; i < array2.length; i++)
array2[i] *= 2;
}
Introduction to Multidimensional Arrays
• Java do not allow direct multi-dimensional arrays
like C. In C all elements are placed one after an
other. And pointer arithmetic is done to calculate
the address of an element … using w(in+j).

• In Java, you can make array of arrays. It can serve


the purpose of multi-dimensional arrays. Where
each sub array is a separate array object.

• So, you can create non-rectangular arrays in Java.


Using Multi-Dimensional Arrays
• Syntax is very simple:
• int[][] nums[][] = new int[3][4];
• We have declared and constructed the array
• Multi Dimensional arrays are array of arrays. So 3 indicates the ‘nums’
array is of size 3 (3 rows). And 4 indicates, each element points to an
array of size 4 (4 columns)
• About lengths
• nums length is 3, not 12 (you must understand, why?)
• nums[0] length is 4
Non-Rectangular Multi-Dimensional Arrays
• Size of each sub array can be dynamic and these sub arrays can be initialized after
the construction too. For example:
int nums[][] = new int[3][]; /* total 3 rows, we have no info about columns in
each row at the moment.*/
nums[0] = new int[4]; // row 1 has 4 columns
nums[1] = new int[6]; // row 2 has 6 columns
nums[2] = new int[3]; // row 3 has 3 columns

• We have created 3 arrays and stored their reference in main array, as its
elements. So ‘nums’ is array of arrays.
• Instead of literal, the sizes in above example can also be variable and taken from
user input. Because arrays would be created at run-time.
int nums[][] = new int[r][c];
where r and c are integers entered by user
Iterating Multi-dimensional Arrays
• The “nums” array created in previous slide, can be iterated like this:
for(int row = 0; row < nums.length; row++){
for(int col=0; col < nums[row].length; col++){
System.out.println( nums[row][col] );
}
}

• nums[x].length above means, the length of sub-array placed at index


x in nums array.
Multi-Dimensional Arrays – Initialize at
Instantiation Time
• You can initialized at the time of declaration and construction.
• Array size would be auto determined from the elements given to
initilaize:
int nums[][] = new int[][] {
{1,2,3},
{4,5,6}
};
Multi-Dimensional Arrays – Initialize at
Instantiation Time
• As discussed earlier, multi-dimensional arrays in Java are array of arrays.
• The size of each sub arrays can be different. It means, there can be 4 elements in row 1, 3
elements in row 2, 5 elements in row 3.
• Such arrays can be initialized like this:
• int nums[][] = new int[][] {
{1,2,3},
{4,5,6,7,8,9}
};
• In above example:
• nums size is 2 (as there are two rows)
• nums[0] points to another arrays whose size is 3
• nums[1] points to another array whose size is 6

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