Chapter 13 Exam Style Answers
Chapter 13 Exam Style Answers
Chapter 13 Exam Style Answers
Question
Answer Marks Guidance
number
1a Electron pair donor 1
OR
Species which uses a pair of electrons to form a co-
ordinate / covalent bond.
1b Replacement of the halogen (atom) (by the 1 They must describe the idea of
nucleophile) substitution in a halogenoalkane.
OR Penalise reference to ‘halogen
molecule’ and penalise the idea
The carbon–halogen bond / C–X breaks and a bond
forms with the nucleophile or between the carbon that the halogenoalkane contains
and the nucleophile. a halide.
Question
Answer Marks Guidance
number
M2 must show the movement of a pair of electrons Max 1 mark for the wrong
from the C–Br bond to the Br atom. Mark M2 reactant.
independently.
1 Award 1 mark only for C–Br bond
breakage, if an SN1 mechanism
is used.
Do not penalise the use of ‘sticks’.
3bi Structure of the tertiary carbocation (CH3)3C or 1 Insist on a full positive charge on
drawn out the central C atom.
Penalise a bond to the positive
charge.
3 b ii Tertiary carbocation / carbonium ion (from 2-bromo- 1 Ignore reference to the alleged
2-methylpropane) is more stable (than the primary relative stability of
carbocation / carbonium ion). halogenoalkanes.
OR
Primary carbocation / carbonium ion (from 2-bromo-
2-methylpropane) is less stable (than the tertiary
carbocation / carbonium ion).
4ai
1
Question
Answer Marks Guidance
number
4 a ii 1
1
2-chloro-2-methylbutane
4bi Elimination 1
1
Alkene C
4 b iii Alkene C has a CC bond, but does not have two 1
different groups attached to the end carbon atom.
5 Mr of CF3CHBrCl 197.4 1
Question
Answer Marks Guidance
number
Number of molecules 0.002 6.02 1023
1
1.204 1021
Question
Answer Marks Guidance
number
7b M1 Electrophilic addition 1 For M1, both words required.
1 For the mechanism
1 M2 Ignore the partial negative
charge on the double bond.
1
M3 Penalise partial charges on
1
the Br–Br bond, if wrong way and
penalise formal charges.
M2 must show an arrow from the double bond Penalise once, only in any part of
towards the Br atom of the Br–Br molecule. the mechanism for a line and two
M3 must show the breaking of the Br–Br bond. dots to show a bond.
M4 is for the structure of the tertiary carbocation, Max any 3 of 4 marks for the
with Br on the correct carbon atom. mechanism for wrong organic
reactant or wrong organic produce
M5 must show an arrow from the lone pair of (if shown) or primary carbocation.
electrons on the negatively charged bromide ion
towards the positively charged carbon atom. If HBr is used, max 2 marks for
the mechanism.