Important Questions for Class 8

Maths
Chapter 8 – Comparing Quantities

1 Mark Questions

1. The ratio of 50cm to 2.5m is

(a) 10 : 1

(b) 5 : 1
(c) 1 : 5

(d) None of these

Ans: We know that, 1m = 100cm

2.5m = 2.5  100 = 250cm

50 1
Ratio of 50cm to 2.5m   1: 5
250 5

2. There are 25 computers, 16 of them are out of order. Find the percentage of
computers out of order?
No. of computers out of order
Ans: Percentage = 100
Total no. of computers

16
Percentage = 100 = 64%.
25

3. The number of unelectrified villages in India decreased from 18,000 to

12,000 in last 6 years. What is the percentage of decrease?

(a) 30%

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(b) 50%
1
(c) 33 %
3

(d) None of these.

Old value - New value  18, 00012, 000 

Ans: Percentage decrease = 100  100
Old value  18, 000 

 6, 000  100 1
 100 33 %
 18, 000  3 3

4. Nandini purchased a sweater and saved Rs. 20 when a discount voucher of

25% was provided. Find the price of sweater before discount?
Ans: Let the marked price of the sweater be ‘x’.

Then, 25% of x = 20
25
100

20 100
x 
25

x  20  4

x  80

Therefore, the actual price of the sweater is Rs. 80.

5. Cost of an item is Rs. 50. It was sold with a profit of 12%. Find the selling
price

(a) Rs.56

(b) Rs. 60
(c) Rs.70

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(d) None of these.
Ans: We know that

Cost Price = Rs. 50

and, Profit % = 12
12
Therefore, Profit =  50
100

⇒ Profit = 6

⇒ S.P. = C.P. + Profit

⇒ S.P. = 50 + 6

⇒ S.P. = Rs 56

6. The simple interest on Rs.6000 for 1 year at 4% per annum is

(a) Rs.126.50
(b) Rs.240

(c) Rs.43
(d) None of these
PTR 600014
Ans: S.I. =   240
100 100

2 Mark Questions
7. A school trip is being planned in a school for class VIII. Girls are 60% of
the total strength and are 18 in number. Find the ratio of number of boys to
number of girls.
Ans: Let ‘x’ be the total number of students.
Thus, number of girls = 60% of x = 18

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 60
x = 18
100

1800
x =
60

x = 30

Number of boys = (Total number of students) - (Total number of girls)

= 30 – 18
= 12.

Hence ratio of number of boys to girls is

= 12 : 18
= 2 : 3.

8. In a constituency there are 120 voters 90 of them voted Yes. What percent
voted Yes?
Ans: Given:

Number of voters = 120

Number of voters who voted Yes = 90

No. of voters voted Yes
Voted percentage = 100
Total numbr of voters

90
= 100
120

75%

9. If Rs. 250 is divided among Rakshith, Ravi and Raju. So that Rakshith gets
3 parts, Ravi gets 2 parts and Raju gets 5 parts. How much money will each
get in percentages?

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Ans: Given: total amount = 250
Total number of parts = 10

Names No. of parts each get Amount of money Percentage

Rakshith 3 parts 3
 25075
75
10030%
10 250

Ravi 2 parts 2
 25050
50
100 20%
10 250

Raju 5 parts 5
 250125
125
10050%
10 250

10. My grandmother says in her childhood milk was at Rs.2 per litre. It was
Rs.36 per litre today. By what percentage has the price gone up?
Ans: Given:
Old value = Rs. 2 per litre

New price = Rs. 36 per litre

New price - old price 36  2 34
Percentage increase = 100  100  100  94.44%.
old price 36 36

11. The cost of a toy car is Rs. 140. If the shopkeeper sells it at a loss of 10%.
Find the price at which it is sold.
Ans: Given:

C.P. of toy car = Rs. 140

Loss% = 10%

S.P. = ?

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We know that,
Lossn%  C.P. 10
Loss =  140  Rs. 14
100 100

Loss = C.P. – S.P.

S.P. = C.P. – Loss

S.P. = 140 – 14

S.P. = Rs.126

3 Mark Questions
12. Rashida purchased an air-conditioner for Rs. 3400 including a tax of 10%.
Find the actual price of the air conditioner before VAT was added.
Ans: Let ‘x’ be the cost before adding VAT.

VAT = 10% of x = 0.1x

Cost after adding VAT = x + 0.1x = 1.1x
Given: cost = Rs.3,400

1.1x = Rs. 3400

3400
x = 3090.9
1.1

Thus, price of air-conditioner = Rs. 3090.9.

13. Seema deals with second hand goods. She bought a second hand
refrigerator for Rs. 5000. She spends RS.100 on transportation and Rs.600 on
its repair. She sells the refrigerator for Rs. 7100. Find

(a) Total cost price

(b) Profit or loss percent.

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Ans:
(a) From the given data,

Total cost price = Purchasing price + transportation charge+ repair charge

Total cost price = 5000 + 100 + 600

= Rs. 5700.

(b) Given: S.P. = Rs. 7100.

Since, S.P. > C.P., There is a profit.

Profit = S.P. – C.P.

= 7100 – 5700
= Rs. 1400
Profit  100 1400
Profit% =  10024.5%
C.P. 5700

14. At what rate of simple interest will the sum double itself in 2 years?
Ans: We know that,

A = S.I. + P
PRT
Where, S.I. =
100

Given: A = 2  principle = 2P

Time = t = 2 years

R=?

Formula becomes 2P = S.I. + P

PRT
2P = P
100

Class VIII Maths www.vedantu.com 7

 PRT
2P - P =
100

P 2 R
P =
100

100
R = 50%
2

R = 50%

Therefore, at the rate of 50%, the sum will double.

15. In what time will Rs. 1600 amount to Rs. 1768 at 6% per annum simple
interest?
Ans: Given:

Principle = Rs. 1600

Amount = Rs. 1768

Rate = 6% per year

Time = ?

A = S.I. + P
PTR
1768 P
100

1600  T  6
1768 = 1600
100

1600  T  6
17681600
100

1681001600  T  6

168100
T =
1600  6

T = 1.75 years

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 3
T = 1 years
4

16. What amount Harish has to pay at the end of 3 years on sum of Rs. 40,000
at an interest of 16% compounded annually?
Ans: We know that, formula for compound interest,
n
 R 
A = P 1 
 100 

Where, P = principle

N = no. of years
P = Rs. 40,000, R = 16%, n = 2.
2
 16 
A = 40000 1 
 100 

A = 40000 10.16 
2

A = 40000(1.16)2

A = 40000  1.3456

A = Rs. 53,824

Amount paid by Harish at the end of 2 years is Rs. 53,824.

5 Mark Questions

17. Mahesh sells two tables for Rs. 3000 each. He gains 20% on one table and
on the other he loses 20%. Find his gain or loss percent on whole transaction.
Ans: For the first table: given:

S.P. = Rs. 3000

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 20
Gain% = 20% =
100

Gain percent implies increased percent on cost price.

For Rs.100 cost price, the gain = Rs.20

S.P. = C.P. + gain

S.P. = 100 + 20 = Rs.120

Thus, S.P. is Rs. 120 when C.P. is Rs.100

Therefore, for S.P. of Rs. 3000, the cost price will be

3000 100
  Rs.2500
120

For second table,

S.P. = Rs.300
20
Loss percent = 20% =
100

Loss percent decreases percent on cost price.

For Rs.100 of C.P., loss = Rs.20

S.P. = C.P. – loss = 100 – 20 = Rs.80.

Thus, S.P. is Rs.80 when C.P. is Rs.100

For S.P. of Rs.3000, the cost price is given by
3000 100
  Rs.3750
80

Total cost price = 2500 + 3750 = 6250

Total S.P. = 2500 + 3750 = 6000

Here, S.P. < C.P., Hence loss is Occured

Loss = C.P. – S.P. = 6250 – 6000 = 250

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 loss 250
Loss percent = 100 100 4%
C.P. 6250

Therefore, there is a loss of 4% on whole transaction.

18. Mary goes to a departmental store and buys the following goods.

Cosmetics worth of Rs. 345

Medicines worth of Rs. 228
Stationery worth of Rs. 170. If the sales tax is chargeable at the rate of 10%
on cosmetics, 78% on medicines, 5% on stationary. Find the total amount to
be paid by Mary.
Ans: Cost of cosmetics = Rs. 345

Sales tax on cosmetics = Rs 345  

10
 100 

 Rs. 34.50

Total cost of cosmetics = 345 + 34.5

=Rs. 379.50

Total cost of medicines = Rs. 228 + 7% of 228

7
 228  228
100

22815.96

Rs. 243.96

Total cost of stationary = Rs. 170 + 5% of 170

5
 170 170
100

1708.50

Rs. 178.50

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Thus, total amount of money to be paid by Mary = 379.50 + 243.96 + 178.50
=Rs. 801.96

19. Prateeksha went to a shopping mall to purchase a saree. Marked price of

the saree is Rs.2000. Shop owner gave a discount of 20% and then 5%.Find
the single discount equivalent to these 2 successive discounts.
Ans: Marked price of the saree = Rs. 2000

First discount = 20% of 2000

20
  2000
100

 Rs.400

2000400

After First Discount, Price = Rs.1600

Second Discount = 5% after first discount
5
 1600
100

 Rs.80

Price of Saree after second discount is Rs.1520

20. Rajanna purchased 25 dozen bananas for RS. 625. He spent Rs. 125 for
transportation. He could not sell 5 dozen bananas as they were spoiled. He
sold the remaining banana’s at Rs. 30 for each dozen. Find loss and profit
percent.
Ans: Total cost price = Cost price of bananas + transportation charge

= Rs. 625 + Rs. 125 = Rs. 750

Number of dozens of bananas sold = No. of purchased – No. of spoiled

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= 25 – 5
= 20

Given: 1 dozen = Rs.30

Therefore, S.P. = 20  30Rs.600

Since, S.P. < C.P., it is a loss

Loss = C.P. – S.P. = 750 – 600 = 150

loss 150
Loss% = 100 10020%
C.P. 750

21. A girl bought 16 dozen ball pens and sold them at a loss equal to S.P of 8
ball pens. Find her loss % and S.P of 1 dozen ball pens if she purchased these
16 dozen ball pen's for Rs 576.
Ans: Cost price of 16 dozen ball pens = Rs. 576
576
Cost price of one dozen = 36
16

36
Cost price of 1 pen = 3
12

Let ‘x’ be the S.P. of each ball pen.

Total number of pens = 1612192

Thus, total S.P. of 192 pens = 192x.

Total S.P. = 576 – S.P. of 8 ball pens

192x = 5768x

192x + 8x = 576

200x = 576

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 576
x =
200

x = 2.88

Loss = 8  2.88 = Rs. 23.04

23.04
(a)Loss% = 100  4%
576

(b) S.P. of 1 pen = 2.88

S.P. of 1 dozen pen = 2.88  12 = Rs. 34.56

22. In 1995, the price of 1litre of a certain kind of petrol was Rs. 54.9. By 1996,
the price of 1 litre of the same kind of petrol has risen to Rs 56.3. The
peroentage increase for each of the next four years is expected to be the same
as in between 1995 to 1996. What is the price of 1 hr of petrol expected to be
in the year 2000?
Ans: The solution is as followed:

Year: Price of 1 litre of petrol

1995: Rs. 54.9

1996: Rs. 56.3
Increase in value
Percentage increase = 100
Old value

56.354.9
 100
54.9

1.4
 100
54.9

 2.55%

2.55
Increase amount =  Rs.0.0255
100

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Therefore, price in 2000 is

 56.3(10.0255)4

 56.3(1.0255)4

 62.3perlitre

23. Simple interest on a sum of money for 3 years at 8% per annum is Rs.2400.
What will be the compound interest on that sum at the same rate for the same
period?
Ans: Given: SI = 2400

T = 3 years

R = 8% per year

P=?
CI = ?
PTR
SI =
100

2400 100
P =
3 8

P = Rs. 10000
3 3
 R   8 
A = P 1  1 
 100   100 

A = 10000(1 + 0.08)3

A = 12,597.12

We know that,

CI = A - P

= 12,597.12 - 10000

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 = 2597.12

24. Find the compound interest on Rs. 320000 for one year at the rate of 20%
per annum, if the interest is compounded quarterly.
Ans: We know that,
n
 R 
A = P 1 
 100 

Since, compound interest should be computed quarterly, then n = 4n and r = r/4

Rewriting the formula, we get,
4n
 (R/4) 
A = P 1 
 100 
4
 0.20 
A = 320000 1 
 4 

A = 320000(1.05)4

A = 388962

CI = A - P

CI = 388962 - 320000

CI = 68962

25. The simple interest on a certain amount of money for 3 years at 8% per
annum is half the compound interest on Rs. 4,000 for 2 years at 10% per
annum. What is the sum placed on simple interest?
Ans: We know that, compound interest on Rs. 4,000 for 2 years at 10% = A – P
n
 R 
 P 1  P
 100 

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  R  n 
= P 1  1
 100  

 10 2 
 4000 1  1
 100  

 121 
 4000  1
100 

 21 
 4000 
100 

Rs. 840

1
S.I. on unknown sum =  840 Rs.420
2

Time = 3 years, Rate = 8% per annum

interest  100
sum =
rate  time

420100
sum =
83

sum = Rs. 1750

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