Jurnal Kesehatan

Vol. 14, No. 1, April 2023

ISSN 2086-7751 (Print), ISSN 2548-5695 (Online)
http://ejurnal.poltekkes-tjk.ac.id/index.php/JK

Controlling Post-Operative Pain with Early Mobilization and Music

Therapy

Mengendalikan Rasa Nyeri Post Operasi dengan Mobilisasi Dini dan Terapi
Musik
Kholisatul Muawanah1, Sulastri2*
Nursing Department, Health Polytechnic of Tanjung Karang, Indonesia

ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT/ ABSTRACT

Article history
Pain is the main complaint that is commonly experienced by patients undergoing surgery.
The pain appears as a normal response after surgery with injury to the incision area. This
Received date
study aimed to determine the effect of early mobilization and music therapy on pain in-
03 Apr 2023
tensity in postoperative patients. The quasi-experimental research design used a pre-test
and post-test with a control design. The sample was 32 people, divided into experimental
Revised date
and control groups, each of which consisted of 16 respondents. The sampling technique
13 Apr 2023
uses the Accidental Sampling approach. The variable in the assessment is pain intensity
as the dependent variable, while the independent variables are early mobilization and
Accepted date
music therapy. Pain measurement was performed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS).
30 Apr 2023
The analysis used the Wilcoxon test to test pain intensity before and after treatment in the
intervention and control groups while testing the difference in pain intensity between the
intervention and control groups using the Mann-Whitney test. The Wilcoxon test results
obtained a p-value of 0.000 (α<0.05) in the control group, while in the intervention group,
Keywords: it was 0.000, while the Mann-Whitney test results were obtained at 0.015. The results
show that early mobilization and music therapy affect pain intensity in postoperative
Early mobilization; patients. A considerable difference between the group that received music therapy and
Music therapy; early mobilization and those that only received music therapy. It is recommended to be
Pain; able to provide a combination of both treatments to distract the pain experienced after
Post-operation. surgery.

Kata kunci:
Nyeri merupakan keluhan utama yang umum dialami oleh pasien yang menjalani operasi.
Nyeri muncul sebagai respons normal pasca tindakan operasi dengan ada perlukaan pada
Mobilisasi dini;
area insisi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh mobilisasi dini dan
Terapi music;
terapi musik terhadap intensitas nyeri pada pasien post operasi. Desain penelitian quasi
Nyeri;
eksprimen dengan menggunakan rancangan penelitian pre test dan post test with control
Pasca operasi.
design. Sampel pada penelitian sebanyak 32 orang, yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok
yaitu eksperimen dan kontrol, masing-masing 16 responden. Teknik sampling
menggunakan pendekatan Accidental Sampling. Variabel pada penilaian adalah intensitas
nyeri sebagai variabel dependen, sementara variabel independen adalah mobilisasi dini
dan terapi musik. Pengukuran nyeri dilakukan menggunakan Numeric Rating Scale
(NRS). Analisis yang akan digunakan ialah uji Wilcoxon untuk menguji intensitas nyeri
sebelum dan setelah terapi pada kelompok intervensi dan kelompok kontrol, sedangkan
untuk menguji perbedaan intensitas nyeri antara kelompok intervensi dan kelompok
kontrol menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil uji Wilcoxon didapatkan hasil p-value
sebesar 0.000 (alpha<0.05) pada kelompok kontrol, sedang pada kelompok intervensi
sebesar 0,000 sedang hasil uji Mann-Whitney diperoleh 0,015. Ada pengaruh mobilisasi
dini dan terapi musik terhadap intensitas nyeri pada pasien post operasi. Hasil yang
diperoleh terlihat ada perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok yang mendapatkan terapi
musik dan mobilisasi dini dengan yang hanya mendapatkan terapi musik saja. Disarankan
untuk dapat meberikan kombinasi kedua terapi untuk mendistraksi nyeri yang dialami
setelah operasi.

Corresponding Author:

Sulastri
Nursing Department, Health Polytechnic of Tanjung Karang, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]

150
 Muawanah & Sulastri, Controlling Postoperative Pain with Early Mobilization and Music Therapy

INTRODUCTION experiencing, including early mobilization and

music therapy.
Surgery or better known as surgery, is any Early mobilization is a factor that can
form of healing using invasive techniques by affect wound healing after surgery. Early
making incisions on certain body surfaces. Every mobilization is essential in reducing pain by
surgical procedure performed can cause several eliminating the patient's concentration on the site
common problems, including pain due to the of pain or the functional area, reducing the
incision process, malnutrition, wound activation of chemical mediators in the
dehiscence, and post-surgical ileus (Amarini et inflammatory process, which increases the pain
al., 2019) response and minimizes the transmission of pain
World Health Organization (WHO) in nerves to the central nervous system
Oktaningsih (2018), the number of patients (Pristahayuningtyas & Siswoyo, 2016). Early
undergoing surgery has increased significantly mobilization is one way to gradually make the
from year to year; research in 56 countries from patient independent so that the patient is able to
192 countries estimates that 234.2 million carry out his own activities without the help of
surgical procedures are performed each year and others (Rohmah, 2022). Moving will prevent
have the potential to cause complications and muscle and joint stiffness, thereby reducing pain,
death. ensuring the smooth circulation of blood,
The phenomenon that often occurs improving regulation of the body's metabolism,
postoperatively (post-operatively) is that most and restoring the physiological work of vital
patients feel pain, and sufferers have an organs, which in turn will speed up wound
unpleasant experience due to inadequate pain healing (Nurkholis & Alimansur, 2015). Music
management. This is a stressor for the patient and therapy is also one of the nurse's independent
will increase anxiety and tension, which also actions in pain management; various studies have
means expanding pain because pain is the center shown that classical music is the type of music
of attention. When patients complain of pain, the that is effective in pain management. This is
only thing they want is to reduce pain (Berkanis because classical music has a tempo that ranges
et al., 2020) from 60-80 beats per minute, in tune with the
Pain is a feeling of discomfort caused by human heart rate. Research shows that classical
something, which in practice is only the subject music helps relax a person, create a sense of
of the sufferer who can explain the origin and/or security and well-being, release feelings of joy
place where the pain arises (Juli et al., 2020). and sadness, reduce anxiety levels in
Each needs comfort, and freedom from pain is preoperative patients, and release pain and reduce
one of the patient's needs. Pain originates from a stress levels (Wulff et al., 2017).
specific area as an unpleasant situation caused by This nursing intervention is reinforced by
tissue damage (Latifah et al., 2020). Budiarti et al. (2021) entitled Application of
Postoperative incision patients (tissue incisions) Early Mobilization of the Pain Scale of
experience pain with various levels; almost 80% Postoperative Appendectomy Patients in the
of postoperative surgical patients experience Surgery Room of General Hospital Jend. Ahmad
complaints of pain after the influence of Yani Kota Metro, it was concluded that the
anesthetic drugs wears off, and pain will increase results of the application showed a pain scale
in the presence of an inflammation or infection. score before the implementation of early
Two types of management are commonly mobilization, namely 5 and 7-9, and after the
carried out in patients with postoperative pain, application of the pain scale score became 1 and
namely, pharmacological and non- 4-6. The conclusion is that the application of
pharmacological therapy. Pharmacological early mobilization can reduce the pain scale score
therapy consists of several drugs that can relieve of postoperative appendectomy patients in the
pain, one of which is using analgesics. operating room of General Hospital Jend. Ahmad
Analgesics, in general, can relieve pain, thereby Yani Metro City.
slowing down the process of pain (Septiyani & In another research conducted by Tarigan
Wirotomo, 2021). In addition to pharmacological & Novrina (2020) regarding the Effect of
therapy, non-pharmacological therapy can be Classical Music Therapy on Reducing Pain Scale
given as supportive therapy for pain Levels in Postoperative Patients, based on the
management. There are many non- results of a bivariate analysis, it is known that
pharmacological measures that can be taken to there is an effect of music therapy on reducing
distract patients from the pain they are pain scale in postoperative patients with a p-
value of 0.002.
 152 Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(1), 150-156,

Based on data for 2021 at General Ahmad RESULTS

Yani Hospital in Metro City, data were obtained
for 80 cases undergoing surgery during the July Table 1. Characteristics of Respondents in the
2021 period. Based on the data described above, Postoperative Patient Experiment
researchers are interested in "The Effect of Early Group
Mobilization on Pain Intensity in Postoperative Variable n %
Patients at General Hospital Ahmad Yani Metro Gender
City in 2022”. Man 6 37.5
Woman 10 62.5
Age
METHOD 17-25 late teens 7 43,7
26-35 Early adulthood 1 6,3
36-45 late adulthood 2 12.5
The method in this study used a Quasi 46-55 Early elderly 6 37.5
Experiment, with a pretest-posttest design with a Operation Type
control group design. This design was Laparotomy 2 12.5
randomized by randomly grouping members of Colostomy 4 25.0
the experimental and control groups and Appendectomy 6 37.5
providing intervention to 2 groups of Cholecystectomy 2 12.5
respondents. The first group was given early Herniatomy 2 12.5
mobilization measures and music therapy
(experimental group), and the second group was Based on the research results, table 1
given music therapy alone (control group). This illustrates that the respondents in the
design will measure before and after being given experimental group who were male were six
intervention in the experimental group and respondents (37.5%) and female respondents who
measure before and after in the control group and were ten respondents (62.5%). Based on the age
will compare the average pain intensity after the of the respondents in the experimental group, it
action is carried out in the experimental group was found that the majority were aged 17-25
with the control group. years or late adolescents, namely seven
The researcher only took 32 respondents respondents (43.7%), and based on the type of
according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, operation showed that the highest medical
divided into 16 experimental and 16 control diagnosis was appendectomy with six
group respondents. In addition to receiving respondents (37.5).
standard hospital therapy, namely
pharmacological therapy, the experimental group Table 2. Characteristics of Respondents
also received early mobilization and music Control Group Postoperative Patients
therapy. In contrast, respondents in the control Variable n %
group only received standard therapy in the room Gender
in the form of analgesic therapy and other Man 7 37.5
Woman 9 62.5
postoperative pharmacotherapy.
Age
The dependent variable in this study was 17-25 late teens 5 31,3
the pain intensity of postoperative patients, while 26-35 Early adulthood 4 25.0
the independent variables were early 36-45 late adulthood 4 25.0
mobilization and music therapy. 46-55 Early elderly 3 18,7
The research instrument used demographic Operation Type
data observation sheets containing name, age, Laparotomy 3 18,8
gender, education, occupational knowledge, Colostomy 2 12.5
history of surgery, and type of surgery; both pain Appendectomy 7 43,8
observation sheets used a numerical rating scale. Cholecystectomy 4 25.0
Herniatomy 0 0
Data analysis in this study used univariate
and bivariate analysis. The univariate analysis in
this study, namely the results of statistical test Based on the research results, table 2
data in the experimental group and the control illustrates that the male respondents in the control
group, based on the results of the numerical group were seven (43.7%) and nine females
rating scale bivariate analysis in this study, used (56.3%). Based on the age of the respondents, it
the Mann-Whitney test. was found that most of the ages 17-25 years were
late adolescents, namely as many as five
respondents (31.3%), and based on the type of
 Muawanah & Sulastri, Controlling Postoperative Pain with Early Mobilization and Music Therapy

operation showed that the highest medical Music is proven to affect waves in the
diagnosis was appendectomy with a total of 7 brain. Visible activity in the nucleus accumbens
respondents (43.8%). and auditory cortex. This activity is related to
whether a person likes or dislikes the music he
Table 3. Pre-Test and Post-Statistical Test hears. In addition, the superior temporal gyrus
Experiment Group Test decides what kind of music to listen to. This
Variable Means Max Min Z p-value condition shows that the respondent feels
Pre-test 650 7 5 comfortable listening to music; this allows the
Post-test 3,12 5 2 -3,601 0.000
pain to become distracted so that the patient can
Based on table 3 above shows that the divert his attention from the pain he is
average pain intensity before the intervention was experiencing. The pain experienced by
a maximum of 7 and a minimum of 5; after the respondents can vary. Differences can influence
intervention in the experimental group, it this in the characteristics of the respondents.
decreased to a maximum of 5 and a minimum of The results of the characteristics of the
2. It is also known that the Z value is -3.601, and respondents in the experimental group and the
the p-value is 0.000. control group were primarily women (62.5%) in
the experimental group while in the control group
Table 4. Pre-Test and Post-Statistical Test (56.3%). Gender is one of the factors that
Control Group Test influence pain. Generally, men and women do
Variable Means Max Min Z p-value not respond differently to pain, but several
5 cultures influence men in expressing pain. Some
Pre-test 631 7 -3,640 0.000
Post-test 3.93 5 3 cultures have rules that a man may not cry, while
women may cry in the same situation so that in
Based on Table 4. above shows the results interpreting pain, women are more visible
of the average pain intensity before the (Zakiyah, 2015 in Septiyani & Wirotomo, 2021)
intervention was carried out with a maximum of Based on the results of the characteristics
7 and a minimum of 5; after the intervention in of respondents above the highest age in the
the control group, it decreased with a maximum experimental group were late adolescents (18-25
of 5 and a minimum of 3. It is also known that years) as many as seven respondents (43.7%),
the Z value is -3.640, and the p-value is 0.000. and the most age in the control group was late
adolescents (18-25 years) as many as five
Table 5. Post-Test Statistical Test in Groups respondents (31,3%). Related research Puspita &
Experiment and Posttest Control Group Yati (2020) states that younger patients have
Mean higher pain levels than older patients. This aligns
Variable n p- with the theory of Potter & Perry (2015)
Z
Ranking Value developmental differences between these age
Experiment 16 12.69 - 0.015 groups can influence how children and the
Control 16 20,31 2,438
elderly react to pain.
Based on the data above, the average
Based on Table 5 above, the average result respondent in the experimental group with the
of pain intensity after the intervention in the type of appendectomy operation was six
experimental group was 12.69, while in the respondents (37.5%) and seven respondents
control group, after the intervention was 20.31. It (43.8%) in the control group. The differences in
is also known that the Z value is -2.438, and the the characteristics of the respondents may have
p-value is .015. influenced the differences in pain from mild to
severe in this study.
From the results of research conducted in
DISCUSSION General Ahmad Yani General Hospital, Metro
City, Lampung Province, in 2022 regarding the
The results of the analysis show that there effect of early mobilization and music therapy on
is an effect of early mobilization and music intensity pain in postoperative patients. It is
therapy to reduce postoperative patient pain. The known that the result average intensity is pain
mean pain scale in the intervention group was after the intervention was carried out in the
lower. Maintain body functions. Improve blood experimental group. The respondents obtained an
circulation, thereby accelerating wound healing. average intensity painful 3.12 with a standard
It helps to breathe to get better. Maintain muscle deviation of 9.57, while in the control group, the
tone. This situation makes the body relax. average is obtained intensity of pain 3.93 with a
 154 Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(1), 150-156,

standard deviation of 6.80. The average result means that early mobilization affects reducing
intensity of pain after the intervention in both the the pain scale in postoperative femoral fracture
experimental and the control groups was quite patients. According to research(Novita et al.,
good. However, the average pain intensity in the 2020)Based on the results of the analysis using
experimental group decreased more than in the the Wilcoxon non-parametric test showed that
control group. there was an effect of giving music therapy on
The average pain intensity in the reducing pain intensity in post-cesarean section
experimental group before intervention was 6.50, patients (p-value=0.001). Giving music therapy
with a standard deviation of 6.32. The average affects reducing pain intensity in post section
pain intensity in the experimental group after the caesarea patients because music can distract a
intervention was 3.12, with a standard deviation person.
of 9.57. Data management in this study used the The average pain intensity in the control
Wilcoxon test, which resulted in the average pain group before intervention was 6.31, with a stand-
intensity before the intervention being 0.00, ard deviation of 7.93. The average pain intensity
while the average pain intensity after the after intervention in the control group was 3.93,
intervention was 8.50 with a Z value of -3.601 with a standard deviation of 6.80. Testing the
and a p-value of 0.000, so it can be concluded data in the control group also used the Wilcoxon
that there is a difference in the average pain test, which produced an average pain intensity
intensity before and after the intervention in the before the intervention was 0.00 while the aver-
experimental group. In other words, there is an age pain intensity after the intervention was 8.50
effect of early mobilization and music therapy on with a Z value of -3.640 and a p-value of 0.000,
the experimental group. so it can be concluded that there is a difference in
The experimental group in this study mean - average pain intensity before and after the
performed early mobilization and music therapy intervention in the control group. In other words,
on the respondents. Early mobilization is crucial it can be concluded that there is an effect of mu-
as a gradual return to the previous mobilization sic therapy on pain intensity in the control group.
stage. The impact of mobilization that is not done The control group in this study only
can cause impaired body function, blocked blood performed music therapy on the respondents.
flow, and increased pain intensity. Early Reducing pain using music is very effective
mobilization reduces pain (Ditya et al., 2016). because music can divert attention and anxiety,
Music therapy is a therapy that uses music that which can increase the intensity of pain felt by
aims to improve or improve physical, emotional, patients; by listening to music, the brain
cognitive, and social conditions for individuals of stimulates the release of endorphins, which
various ages (Sormin et al., 2021) functions to reduce pain felt in the affected body
Early mobilization and music therapy can part (Astuti & Merdekawati, 2016).
help reduce pain intensity in postoperative This is in line with research conducted by
patients. According to Semeltzer and Bare, Arif & Sari (2019) titled The Effectiveness of
mobilization is a significant factor in accelerating Mozart Music Therapy on Reducing Pain
recovery and preventing post-surgical Intensity in Post Fracture Surgery Patients. The
complications. The benefits of early mobilization results of non-parametric statistical test analysis
are increased blood circulation, which can reduce using Wilcoxon with a confidence level of 95%
pain, prevent thrombophlebitis, provide nutrition (α=0.05) obtained a p-value of 0.001, thus the p-
for healing in the injured area, and improve value>α (0.001>0.05) so that it can be concluded
kidney function. (Smeltzer and Bare, 2010 in that Mozart's therapy is effective in reducing Pain
Berkanis et al., 2020). Research shows that Intensity of Post Fracture Surgery Patients.
classical music helps relax a person, create a The average pain intensity in the
sense of security and well-being, release feelings experimental group was 12.69, while in the
of joy and sadness, reduce anxiety levels in control group, after being given the intervention,
preoperative patients, and release pain and reduce the value was 20.31. The results of statistical
stress levels (Wulff et al., 2017). tests in this study to compare the average pain
This is in line with research conducted by intensity after intervention in the experimental
Susanti et al. (2020) based on the analysis of the group and the control group used the Mann-
Wilcoxon test for the experimental class, sig p Whitney test and obtained a Z value of -2.438
0.000<0.05 with a negative mean rank of 9.00, on and a p-value equal to 0.015, so it can be
the second day, the control class sig p 0.05≥0.05, concluded that there is an average difference pain
the negative mean rank was 5.00. The control intensity in the experimental group and the
class on the second day -3 sig p 0.025<0.05 control group. Thus, there is an effect of early
 Muawanah & Sulastri, Controlling Postoperative Pain with Early Mobilization and Music Therapy

mobilization and music therapy on pain intensity Thus, there is an effect of early mobiliza-
in postoperative patients. tion and music therapy on pain intensity in post-
From the results of this study, the pain operative patients. These results demonstrate the
intensity in the experimental group that was benefits of non-pharmacological therapy as com-
given early mobilization and music therapy was plementary to pharmacological therapy, especial-
quite good, with an average of 3.12. In contrast, ly early mobilization, and music therapy as com-
the pain intensity in the control group that was panion therapy.
only given music therapy was also quite good, Feelings of pain are the primary complaint
with an average of 3.93. The intervention results found in postoperative patients; for this reason, it
in the experimental group showed that pain is recommended that hospital management can
intensity was maximal than in the control group. provide facilities and infrastructure that can
Thus, researchers assume that the combination of support efforts to reduce pain intensity in
early mobilization and music therapy is perfect postoperative patients with non-pharmacological
for overcoming the pain intensity problem in techniques such as placing posters/flyers in the
postoperative patients. inpatient room regarding early mobilization and
early mobilization assistance by nurses.
Interventions in the form of music therapy are
CONCLUSION included in standard hospital procedures and
become nursing interventions by room nurses.
The results showed that pain in cases of Besides that, it is hoped that room nurses
minor surgery had a relatively mild pain score can provide education about early mobilization
compared to major surgery. The average decrease and music therapy so that patients can understand
in pain intensity in the experimental group after the benefits of early mobilization and music
the intervention was obtained with an average therapy to overcome nursing problems
pain intensity of 3.12, while the average pain in- experienced since preoperative care. Nurses can
tensity in the control group after the intervention teach families to accompany and provide support
was obtained with an average pain intensity of by combining early mobilization therapy and
3.93. This study's results indicate a significant music therapy to overcome the problem of pain
difference in the average pain intensity in the ex- intensity in inpatients.
perimental and the control groups.

REFERENCES

Amarini, R., Chien, S., & Kotwal, G. J. (2019). 2018. CHMK Applied Scientific
Facilitation of Wound Healing Following Journal, 3(1), 6-13. http://cyber-
Laparoscopic and Conventional chmk.net/ojs/index.php/sains/article/view/
Abdominal Surgery with Dressings, 759
Patches, Antibiotics, etc. In Wound Arif, M., & Sari, Y. P. (2019). Efektifitas Terapi
Healing-Current Perspectives. musik mozart terhadap penurunan
IntechOpen. intensitas nyeri pasien post operasi
https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82614 fraktur. Jurnal Kesehatan Medika
Andri, J., Febriawati, H., Padila, P., Harsismanto, Saintika, 10(1), 69-76.
J., & Susmita, R. (2020). Nyeri pada http://dx.doi.org/10.30633/jkms.v10i1.310
Pasien Post Op Fraktur Ekstremitas Bawah Budiarti, I., Ayubbana, S., & Inayati, A. (2021).
dengan Pelaksanaan Mobilisasi dan Penerapan Mobilisasi Dini Terhadap Skala
Ambulasi Dini. Journal of Telenursing Nyeri Pasien Post Operasi Appendiktomi
(JOTING), 2(1), 61-70. Di Ruang Bedah RSUD Jend. Ahmad yani
http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/joting.v2i1.1129 Kota Metro. Jurnal Cendikia Muda, 2(3),
Astuti, A., & Merdekawati, D. (2016). Pengaruh 320-324.
terapi musik klasik terhadap penurunan https://jurnal.akperdharmawacana.ac.id/ind
tingkat skala nyeri pasien post ex.php/JWC/article/view/353
operasi. Jurnal ipteks terapan, 10(3), 148- Ditya, W., Zahari, A., & Afriwardi, A. (2016).
154. Hubungan Mobilisasi Dini dengan Proses
Berkanis, A. T. (2020). Pengaruh Mobilisasi Dini Penyembuhan Luka pada Pasien Pasca
terhadap Intensitas Nyeri pada Pasien Post Laparatomi di Bangsal Bedah Pria dan
Operasi di RSUD Sk Lerik Kupang Tahun Wanita RSUP Dr. M. Djamil
 156 Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(1), 150-156,

Padang. Jurnal Kesehatan Rohmah, N. (2022). Hubungan Mobilisasi Dini

Andalas, 5(3).https://doi.org/10.25077/jka. Dengan Penurunan Skala Nyeri Pada
v5i3.608 Pasien Post Operasi Sectio Caesarea Di
Latifah, H. (2022). Efektifitas Teknik Relaksasi RSUD Sawerigading Kota Palopo Tahun
Slow Deep Breathing (SDB) Dan 2021. Mega Buana Journal of
Relaksasi Benson Terhadap Nyeri Pada Nursing, 1(1), 34-40. http://e-
Pasien Post Operasi Modifikasi Radikal jurnal.umegabuana.ac.id/index.php/MBJN/
Mastektomi (MRM). [Skripsi]. Semarang: article/view/5
Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan, Universitas Septiyani, R. R., & Wirotomo, T. S. (2021,
Islam Sultan Agung Semarang. December). Literatur Review: Pengaruh
Nurkholis, Z., & Alimansur, M. (2017). Mobilisasi Dini Terhadap Penurunan
Hubungan Tingkat Pengetahuan Perawat Tingkat Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Post
Tentang Mobilisasi Dini Dengan Operasi Appendiktomi. In Prosiding
Pelaksanaan Tindakan Mobilisasi Dini Seminar Nasional Kesehatan (Vol. 1, pp.
Pada Pasien Post Operasi. Jurnal Ilmu 628-633).
Kesehatan, 1(2), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.48144/prosiding.v1i.726
https://doi.org/10.32831/jik.v1i2.19 Sormin, T., Puri, A., & Vivinarti, S. (2023). THE
Oktaningsih, F. (2018). Penerapan Teknik Effect Therapeutic Communication And
Relaksasi Terapi Musik Terhadap Music Therapy On Anxiety Of
Intensitas Nyeri Pada Pasien Post Operasi Preoperative Patients In Jenderal Ahmad
di RSUD DR. R Goeteng Taroenadibrata Yani Metro City In 2021. Jurnal Ilmu
Purbalingga. Tugas Akhir Mahasiswa, Keperawatan Indonesia (JIKPI), 4(1).
Purwokerto: Universitas Muhammadiyah http://www.jurnal.umitra.ac.id/index.php/ji
Purwokerto. kpi/article/view/1108
Potter, & Perry, a. g. (2015). Buku Ajar Susanti, D. C., Suryani, S., & Rahmawati, R.
Fundamental Keperawatan: Konsep, (2020). Pengaruh Mobilisasi Dini
Proses, Dan Praktik, edisi 4, Volume 2. Terhadap Skala Nyeri Pada Pasien Post
Jakarta: EGC. Operasi Fraktur Femur Di Ruang Kenanga
Puspita, D., & Yati, D. (2020). Pengaruh Aroma Rsud Sunan Kalijaga Demak. The Shine
Terapi Lavender terhadap Nyeri Cahaya Dunia D-Iii KeperawataN, 5(1).
Postpartum Sectio Caesarea di RSUD https://ejournal.annurpurwodadi.ac.id/inde
Panembahan Senopati Bantul. Jurnal x.php/TSCD3Kep/article/view/204
Smart Keperawatan, 7(2), 140-147. Tarigan, H. N. B., Sinambela, M., & Novrina, R.
http://dx.doi.org/10.34310/jskp.v7i2.391 (2020). Pengaruh Pemberian Terapi Musik
Pristahayuningtyas, C. Y., Murtaqib, M., & Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Pada
Siswoyo, S. (2016). Pengaruh Mobilisasi Pasien Post Sectio Caesarea. Jurnal
Dini terhadap Perubahan Tingkat Nyeri Penelitian Keperawatan Medik, 2(2), 27-
Klien Post Operasi Apendektomi di 33.
Rumah Sakit Baladhika Husada Kabupaten http://ejournal.delihusada.ac.id/index.php/J
Jember (The Effect of Early Mobilization PKM/article/view/210
on The Change of Pain Level in Clients Wulff, V., Hepp, P., Fehm, T., & Schaal, N. K.
with Post Appendectomy Operation at (2017). Music in obstetrics: an intervention
Mawar option to reduce tension, pain and
S. Pustaka Kesehatan, 4(1), 102- stress. Geburtshilfe Und
107. Frauenheilkunde, 77(09), 967-975.
https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JPK/arti https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-118414
cle/view/2510