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PJT Explanation of Code Line by Line

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12 views

PJT Explanation of Code Line by Line

Uploaded by

Shruthika S 21BLC1498
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PJT EXPLANATION OF CODE LINE BY LINE:

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

1. import pandas as pd: This line of code imports the pandas library and allows you
to refer to it using the alias pd. Pandas is a powerful data manipulation and
analysis library in Python, commonly used for handling structured data like
CSV files, Excel spreadsheets, and SQL databases.
2. import matplotlib.pyplot as plt: This line imports the pyplot module from the
matplotlib library and allows you to refer to it using the alias plt. Matplotlib is
a widely used library for creating static, animated, and interactive
visualizations in Python. The pyplot module provides a MATLAB-like interface
for creating plots and charts.
3. import seaborn as sns: This line imports the seaborn library and allows you to
refer to it using the alias sns. Seaborn is built on top of matplotlib and
provides a high-level interface for creating attractive statistical graphics. It
simplifies the process of creating complex visualizations such as heatmaps,
violin plots, and pair plots.

df=pd.read_csv(r'D:\Datasets\water_potability.csv')
df.head()

the overall purpose of this code is to load a CSV file containing water potability data into a
pandas DataFrame (df) and then display the first few rows of the DataFrame to get an initial
view of the data.
df.shape
The df.shape attribute in pandas returns a tuple representing the dimensions of the
DataFrame. The first element of the tuple is the number of rows in the DataFrame, and the
second element is the number of columns.

df.isnull().sum()
1. df: This refers to the pandas DataFrame that you have loaded earlier using
pd.read_csv().
2. .isnull(): This is a pandas DataFrame method that returns a DataFrame of the
same shape as the original DataFrame df, where each element is either True (if
the corresponding element in df is NaN or missing) or False (if the
corresponding element is not NaN or missing).
3. .sum(): This is another pandas DataFrame method that is applied after .isnull().
When used on a DataFrame containing boolean values (True/False), .sum()
calculates the sum of True values along each column.
Putting it all together, df.isnull().sum() calculates the number of missing values (NaN)
in each column of your DataFrame. It returns a Series where the index represents the
column names and the values represent the count of missing values in each column.

df.info()

The df.info() method in pandas provides a concise summary of the DataFrame,


including the following information:

1. The total number of entries (rows) in the DataFrame.


2. The data type of each column.
3. The number of non-null values in each column.
4. Additional memory usage information.

Running df.info() is a useful way to quickly understand the structure of your


DataFrame, including the data types of columns and whether there are any missing
values (non-null counts). It also provides an estimate of the memory usage of the
DataFrame.

The df.describe() method in pandas generates descriptive statistics for numerical


columns in the DataFrame. It provides statistical summaries such as count, mean,
standard deviation, minimum, quartiles, and maximum values for each numerical
column.

Here's what each part of the output from df.describe() represents:

 Count: Number of non-null values in each numerical column.


 Mean: Average value of the data in each numerical column.
 Std: Standard deviation, which measures the dispersion or spread of the data
around the mean.
 Min: Minimum value in each numerical column.
 25%, 50%, 75%: Quartiles, which divide the data into four equal parts. The
25th percentile (1st quartile), median (50th percentile), and 75th percentile
(3rd quartile) are shown.
 Max: Maximum value in each numerical column.

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