GLOBALIZATION

PRESENTED BY: GROUP 1

AB E JU ELA B AB ALCON AB AR R ATI GUE
AG B AT B AB ON AB I TR I A
ALB OS B AG AS OL AR AZ A
AN S ON G B R ONDI AL
INTRODUCTION
AND DEFINITION
OF GLOBALIZATION
DUCTION
FINITION
ALIZATION
GLOBALIZATION
the speedup of movements and exchanges
(of human beings, goods, and services,
capital, technologies or cultural practices) all
over the planet. One of the effects of
globalization is that it promotes and
increases interactions between different
regions and populations around the globe.
GLOBALIZATION
is when companies expand from one
country to many others. It depends on the
global market and other global businesses.
This means that you source your products
wherever is more efficient, and you sell them
wherever is more profitable.

EXAMPLE:
Products from China can be sold in the
Philippines and other part of the world through
Shopee, Lazada, alibaba and other online stores.
GLOBALIZATION
the process of world shrinkage or distances
getting shorter and things moving closer
through international interaction. It pertains
to the increasing ease with which somebody
on one side of the world can interact to
mutual benefit with somebody on the other
side of the world.
GLOBALISM
A state of the world involving networks of interdependence at multicontinental distances.
These networks can be linked throw the flows and influences of capital goods, information
and ideas, people and force, as well as environmentally and biologically relevant substance
(such as acid rain or pathogens and viruses like the Covid19)

AN OFFICIAL DEFINITION OF GLOBALIZATION

BY THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)
According to WHO, globalization can be defined as " the increased interconnectedness
and interdependence of peoples and countries. It is generally understood to include two
inter-related elements: the opening of international borders to increasingly fast flows of
goods, services, finance, people and ideas; and the changes in institutions and policies at
national and international levels that facilitate or promote such flows."
ORIGIN & HISTORY
OF GLOBALIZATION
& HISTORY The maj o r p o in ts o f t h e
begin ning o f globa lization

ALIZATION
start ed aft e r t h e S e c on d
World War.
HARDWIRED
• According to Nayan Chanda (2007), it is
because of our basic human need to make
our lives better than made globalization
possible

• The beginning of globalization can be

traced back to our ancestors in Africa who
left the continent during the late Ice Age.

• After approximately 50,000 years, they

ended up on all the continents we know
today.
 HARDWIRED
• Chanda (2007) mentioned that commerce, religion, politics, and warfare are the
"urges" of people toward a better life.

• These are respectively connected to four aspects of globalization and they can
be traced all throughout history: trade, missionary work, adventures, and
conquest.

• Therefore, it is concluded that globalization is bound to happened because it is

hardwired or imprinted in our system as human beings. It is our nature to go
forward, to develop, to conquer and explore, to find new things, to socialized and
influence one another.
 CYCLE
For some, globalization is a long-
term cycle process and thus, finding
its origin will daunting task. what is
important is the cycles that
globalization has gone through.
 EPOCH
There are six great epoch of
Globalization. These are also called
“waves” and each has its own origin.
Today’s globalization is not unique if
this is the case. The difference of this
view from the second view (cycles) is
that it does not treat epoch as
returning.
EPOCH

The following are the sequential occurrence of the epochs:

1. Globalization of religion (4th to 7th centuries)

2. European colonial conquests ( late 15th centuries)
3. Intra-European wars (late 18th to early 19th centuries)
4. Heyday of European imperialism (mid-19th century to 1918)
5. Post-World War II period
6. Post-Cold War period
EVENTS
•The fourth view of the origin of
globalization.

•The recent years could also be

regarded as the beginnings of
globalization with reference to
specific technological advances in
transportation and communication.
EVENTS

FIRST TELEP H ON E CAB LE FOUN D IN G OF TH E

(1956) M OD ERN IN TERN ET (1988)

FIRST TELEVISION 9/11 TERRORIST ATTACKS

B ROAD CASTS ( 1962) IN NEW YORK CITY ( 2001)
GLOBAL DEMOGRAPHY
•refers to the study of the size, structure,
and distribution of the world's population.

D EMOGRAPH IC TRANSITION
is a singular historical period during which
mortality and fertility rates decline from
high to low levels in a particular country or
region.
•In France, the decline in fertility
rates began around the late 18th to
early 19th century.

•In United States,it started later,

around the late 19th to early 20th
century.

•In Japan, the total fertility rate did

not drop below five births per
woman until the 1930s.
•In 1820 the life expectancy at birth
of japan and the west was 12 years
greater than that other countries. It
increased by 20 years by 1900.

•1900-1950, there was a general

improvement in life expectancy
worldwide,reaching 22 years by
1950.

•In 1999, the gap declined to 14 years.

EFFECTS
OF GLOBALIZATION
 ONLINE SHOPPING

ECTS
ONLINE BANKING
AND PAYMENTS
ONLINE COMMUNICATION

ALIZATION
AND SOCIAL MED IA
TRANSPORTATION

ONLINE ED UCATION
 Online Shopping 01
ONLINE SHOPPING
 Online Shopping 01
ONLINE SHOPPING
AD VANTAGES D ISAD VANTAGES
C o n v e nie nce N e g a t i ve E n v i r on men t al I m p a c t o f
B e t t e r P r i ce s P a c k a g in g a n d G a s
M o r e V a r i e ty S h i p p in g P r o b l e ms a n d De l a ys
Easy to send Gifts Risk Fraud
Risk Fraud
More Control L e s s C o n t a c t wi t h You r Com m u n ity
E a s y P r i ce C o m p a r iso ns
S p e n d i n g T o o M u c h T i m e O n l i ne
N o C r o wd s
N o Sa l e s P r e s su r e R e t u r n s C a n B e C o m p l ic at ed
A cces s to U sed o r Da ma g ed I n ven to ry You Don’t Know Exactly What
P r i v acy f o r Di s cr e et P u r c h a se s Y o u ’ r e G e t t i ng
U n f r ie nd ly, S c a m m e r s o r
C o m p l ic at ed W e b s i te
N o Sa l e As s ist an ce
N o S u p p o r t f o r L o c a l R e t a iler s
 Online Banking 02
ONLINE BANKING
 Online Banking 02
ONLINE BANKING

AD VANTAGES D ISAD VANTAGES

Sp e e d o f t r a n s act io ns T e c h n i c a l P r o b l em s
C o n v e nie nce P a s s wo rd t h r e a t s
Qu i ck a n d e a s y s e t u p Cost of fraud
V a r i e ty o f p a y m e nt ch o i c e s Se c u r i t y c o n c e rn s
E a s y m a n a gem en t
T e c h n o l o gic a l i l l it er ac y
B e t t e r cu s t o m er e xp e r i en c e L i m it at ion s o n a m o u n t a n d t i m e
R e c u r r i ng p a y m en t c a p a b i litie s S e r v i c e f e e a n d o t h e r a d d i t io na l
cost
D i s p ut ed t r a n s ac t io ns
Loss of smart cards
F a l s e i d e n t ity
 Online Communication & Social Media 03
O N L I NE CO M M UN I CATIO N
& SO CI AL M E D I A

ONLINE COMMUNICATION
r efe rs to th e sh a rin g of inf orm ati on o r c omm uni c atio n ov er a c ompu te r n etw o r k ( th e
I n t e r n et )
 Online Communication & Social Media 03
O N L I NE CO M M UN I CATIO N
& SO CI AL M E D I A

TYPES OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION:

EMAIL
VIDEO CONFERENCING SOCIAL NETWORKING
(ELECTRONIC MAIL)
an Int er net serv ice t hat allows a live video -b ased meet in g t he use of websit es an d ot her
us ers who have a n e ma il account b et ween t wo o r more users in Int ern et s ervices t o comm unicat e
(or ad d res s ) t o s end a nd receive d if f erent locat io n s cond uct ed b y wit h ot her p eop l e (t alk , mak e
mes s ages anywhere in t he w or ld . t ransmit t ing aud io and vid eo d at a new f rie nd s , s hare inf or mat ion,
in real t ime . id eas and int eres t s ) .
 Online Communication & Social Media 03
O N L I NE CO M M UN I CATIO N
& S O CI A L M E D I A

TYPES OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION:

VOIP (VOICE OVER

BLOG CHAT ROOM
INTERNET PROTOCOL)
a p ers o n al web si t e or w eb p age an on lin e s ervic e t hat allows
t hat is like an onli n e a t elep hone co n nect io n over t he p eop le t o communicat e b y t yping
d iary/ journal . B l o gs are writ t en Int ern et . It allow s users t o mak e messag e s t o eac h ot her i n real
and updat ed b y b logger s (t hey calls over t he Int ernet . t ime .
writ e ab out t heir op inio ns and
t hought s ) .
 Online Communication & Social Media 03
O N L I NE CO M M UN I CATIO N
& SO CI AL M E D I A

TYPES OF ONLINE COMMUNICATION:

WORK-BASED
COMMUNICATION TOOLS
 Online Communication & Social Media 03
O N L I NE CO M M UN I CATIO N
& SO CI AL M E D I A

AD VANTAGES D ISAD VANTAGES

C o s t E f f e ctive T i m e c o n s u m i ng a n d c o s t l y
E asy Co n ne ctivity t o a nd f rom W e a k c o n n e c t i o n ( P h i lip pin es)
o t h e r p l a ce s i n t h e wo r l d I n e ffe c tiv e
B est to u se in diffe ren t devic e s Security concerns
a n d ga d ge t s
I n cr e a se p r o d u ct ivit y a n d
e f f icien cy
L o n g - t e r m co m p e t it ive a d v a n ta ge
Ul tima te su pp or t f or en vir on me nt
p r o t e ct io n
F a l s e i d e n t ity
 Transportation 04
TRAN SPORTATI ON
• The growth i n worl d populat ion i s increas ing the demand f or g oo ds . This
growth, coupl ed with the benef its of outs ourcing, le ads co mpanies t o
globalize their bus ines s .

•Ninety perc e nt of w or ld t r ade is moved b y s ea which increas es the need f or

ef f icie nt oper ati ons in dif f erent s eapor t s in the wor l d . Some po rts l ik e US
rece ive f orty percent of al l carg o s hipped in to the U S a n d ei ghty percent of
the i m ports com ing f ro m As ia . B eca us e the number of s hipments has
increas ed, more container s hips are trying to dock at thes e s ea ports .

• The li mit ed capacit y ava i l able at thes e po rts make the m able to hand l e
s pecif ic a mo unts of f reig ht and the i ncreas e in d ock ings at t hes e ports
caus es a f as ter back up and delay .
 Transportation 04
TRANSPORTATI ON

• Global izat ion of t r anspor tati on means the t rans portat i on

s ervices are more effi ci ent and conveni ent to the commuters .

EASY PAYMENT
can pay throu gh cre dit ca r d or de bit ca r d or ev en p ay pal f o r
interna tiona l payme nt onl i ne f or cas hless purchas e . There
are als o prep aid ca r ds that need to b e bought ahead of ti me
lik e trans it card in LR T or MR T in Manila .
 LAND
TRANSPORTATION
•Uber and Grab taxis use an
application to contact them
anywhere, which is convenient for
commuters.

•For long-distance travel, the bus has

features like WiFi, a comfort room, a
CCTV camera, GPS tracking, and a
reclining chair for more convenience.
 WATER
TRANSPORTATION
•In terms of water transport, ferries,
fast craft, and cargo ships are used to
make transportation more efficient.

•While luxury ships are for leisure, the

navigation was more sophisticated,
and technology was used to make the
travel more safe and convenient.
EARLIEST FORM OF
TRANSPORTATION
LAND AND AIR

1.Dirigible Balloon
2.Aeroplane/ Airplane
3.Eskimo Dog Team
4.Prairie Schooner
5.Russian Troika
6.Reindeer Sledge
7.Camel: Ship of the desert
8.First Railway Train in England, 1825
9. Modern Railway Train
10. Automobile
 Online Education 05
ON LI NE EDUCATION
AKA E-LEARNING/ DISTANCE LEARNING
is ele ctr onic ally s upported lea rning that r eli es on the inte rnet f or
teachers /s tudent interaction and dis tribution of clas s materials
 Online Education 05
ONLINE EDUCATION
AD VANTAGES D ISAD VANTAGES
E f f icien cy I n a b ilit y T o F o c u s O n S c r e e n s
Ac c es sibili ty Of Tim e An d Pl ac e / P r o n e t o T e c h n o l o gy I s s u e s
C o n v e nie nc y S e n s e O f I sRoi sl at
k ion
Fraud
Af f o rd ab ilit y Teacher Training
I m p r o ve d St u d e n t At t e n d a nc e M o r e Sc r e e n Ti m e
Sui ts A Va rie ty Of Lear ni ng Styles /
Fl e xi bility
Offe r Mo r e P r ogr ams an d Unl ock
m o r e L e a r n in g O p p o r t u n itie s
Fo s t e r m o r e i n t e r a ctio n
METAPHORS
OF GLOBALIZATION
 METAPH OR
a thi ng r e ga rd e d as r e pr ese nt ativ e o r
sym b olic of so me thi ng else , es pe cially

APHORS
s o m e t hin g a b s t r a c t .

GLOBALIZATION
is t he w o r d use d t o d es c rib e t he gr o wing

BALIZATION in te r de pe nd en c e of t he w orl d’ s e co no mies,

c u lt ur es, an d po p ulati on s, brou ght a bou t by
c r o ss -bo r de r tr a de in go ods a nd se rvi c es ,
t e c hn olo gy , and flo w s of inv es tme nt , p eo ple,
a n d i n f o r mat ion .
SOLID
it refers to the barriers that may
prevent movement and it can be
natural or man made.
 Man-made 01

MAN -MADE

MEXICO - USA SOUTH KOREA - GREAT WALL

BORDER NORTH KOREA OF CHINA
BORDER
 Natural 02

NATURAL

RIVER MOUNTAIN OCEAN

LIQUID
as a state of matter, take the shape of its
container. Moreover, liquids are not fixed.

LIQUIDITY
refers to the increasing ease of movement of
people, things information, and places in the
contemporary world.
LIQUID METAPHORme

with globalization, things

including people, objects,
information, and places, are
melting and becoming liquid. As
liquid take shape of the form of
the container it occupies and
adopt to the changes of form it
taking.
 Information 01

INFORMATION
 Transportation 02

TRANSPORTATI ON
 Business/Trade 03

BUSINESS/TRADE
FLOWS
-described the melting process of solid
phenomena followed by increased in
liquidity.

-refers to the free movement of people, things,

ideas, and culture across the globe due to the
advances in technology, economic and
political integration, and establishment of
global policies that lessens and eliminates the
existing borders.
 Food Flows 01

FOOD FLOWS
 Illegal Migrants Flooding 02

ILLEGAL MIGRANTS FLOODING

GLOBAL
THEORIES
 HOMOGEN EI TY
AND

BAL
HETEROGENEI TY

Globa li zati on theo ri e s that can

RIES b e s ee n in t he int egra ti o n o r

blending of cultures .
 HOMOGENEITY
refers to the increasing sameness on the
world as cultural inputs, economic factors,
and political orientations of societies expand
in order to create common practices, same
economies, and similar forms of
government.
 EXAMPLE:
Homogeneity of Religion
The dominant religion in our country is
Christiainity, which was brought to us by
Spaniards.
HOMOGENEITY
is often linked to

CULTURAL
IMPERIALISM
occurs when a dominant
community imposes their culture
on a less politically or
economically powerful
community.
 EXAMPLE:
Netflix- Media Imperialism
It mostly conveys the American way of
life and values.
 HETEROGENEITY
the creation of various cultural practices,
new economies, and political groups
because of the interaction of elements from
different societies in the world.
HETEROGENEITY
is associated with

CULTURAL
HYBRIDIZATION
the phenomenon that arises when
different cultures come together. In
this process, ideas, values, norms,
language, art, and other cultural
expressions interact and engage
with one another.
 EXAMPLE:
Language and Music
“My Universe by Coldplay featuring BTS”
US pop music mixing with South
Korean music
 GLOCALIZATION
In 1992, Roland Robertson coined a more
specific concept of cultural hybridzation
which is the glocalization.

It is a combination of the words

"globalization" and "localization." The
term is used to describe a product or
service that is developed and distributed
globally but is also adjusted to
accommodate the user or consumer in a
local market.
 EXAMPLE:
Global fast-food chain offering
geographically specific menu items that
cater to local tastes.
Mcdonalds
DYNAMICS OF
LOCAL & GLOBAL
CULTURE
MICS OF Globa l f lows o f cultu r e tend to mov e m or e

GLOBAL
eas ily ar ound the gl obe than ev e r b ef or e ,
es pecial ly th rough non -ma ter ia l digita l
f orms .

TURE
GLOCALIZ ATION
is a com bin atio n of t he wo r ds “ glo bali za tio n”
a nd “l ocali zatio n .” Th e t erm is u se d to
d es cri be a pr o du ct o r se rvi c e t ha t is
d evel ope d a n d d ist ribu te d glo bally b u t is
als o a djus te d to a c c om mo da te th e use r or
c o ns ume r in a l o cal m ar ke t o r c ult u re in
w h i ch i t i s s o l d .

MCDONALD IZ ATION
a n i dea of havi ng a n Ame ri can or w est erni zed
type of fast food all over the world

HYBRIDIZATION
c u lt ur es oft en ge ne ra te ne w for ms a nd mak e
n e w co n n e ct i on s wi t h o n e a n o t h e r
THREE PERSPECTIVES
ON GLOBAL AND CULTURAL
FLOW
 CULTURAL D IFFERENTIALISM
E m p h a sizin g C u l t u ral Di ffe ren ces

RSPECTIVES CULTURAL H YBRIDIZATION

AND CULTURAL APPROACH

I n t e gr at ing L o c a l a n d G l o b a l C u l t u re s

LOW
CULTURAL CONVERGENCE
APPROACH
H o m o ge n eit y i n G l o b aliza tio n
 01
C U L T URAL D IFFE R ENTIAL IS M
EMPHASIZING CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

CULTURAL DIFFERENTIALISM
• emphas izes t hat cu l tures a re f undament al ly dif f erent and ar e m ini ma lly
af f ected b y global f lows .

SAMUEL H UNTINGTON'S CLASH OF CIVILIZ ATIONS THEORY

• exemp lif ies t his approa ch . Acc or ding t o Hunti ngton, af ter t he C o l d War ,
pol it ic al and ec ono mi c di f f erences w ere ov e r s hadowed b y f ault l ines
between dif f erent civilizations .

• Huntington's the or y has been c ri tic ized f or ove rs impl i f ying co mple x
cultura l inte ra cti ons and port ray ing ce rta in cul t ures , p art icu l ar ly M us lims ,
in a negative light .
 02
CULTURAL HYBRI DI ZATI ON APPROACH
INTEGRATING LOCAL AND GLOBAL CULTURES

• The cul tural hy bridiz a ti on appro ach emphasi zes the integration o f
l o c a l a n d gl o ba l c ul tures .

•G l obal iza ti on i s seen a s a creativ e pro cess that g i ves rise t o hybri d
en ti ti es n ot reduci bl e to ei ther the gl o bal o r the l o cal .

• Key c o nc epts i n clude "Gl o cal izati on ," which ref ers t o th e
in terpenetrati on of the gl o bal and the l o cal resul ting in uni que
o utco mes in dif feren t geo graphi c areas, and A rjun A ppadurai 's
co n cept o f " sc a pes, " whi ch hi ghli ghts the vario us glo bal f lo ws and the
di sjun c tures between them .
 03
CULTURAL CONVERGEN C E APPROACH
HOMOGENEITY IN GLOBALIZATION

• The c ultural c onvergence approach stresses the homo genizing

ef f ec ts o f gl o ba l i zati on o n cul tures .

•Cultures a re deemed to be radi cal ly altered by strong gl obal f l ows,

l ea ding to cultura l i mperi al i sm, where one culture i mpo ses itself on
an d ten ds t o destro y a t l east parts o f an o ther cul ture .

• One important c riti q ue of cultural i mperial ism i s Jo hn To mlinson ’s

i dea of "deterrito ri al ization" o f cul ture, whi ch means that cul ture
bec o mes l ess ti ed t o speci f i c geo graphic o ri gi ns .
GLOBAL
MIGRATION
 GLOBAL MIGRATION
als o k nown as i nternati o na l mi grati on is
the mov em ent of peopl e acr os s
inte rna ti onal borde r s f or t he purpos e o f
s ettlement .

OBAL MIGRANT(S)
a migran t is a p e rso n w h o is m ovin g f r om o ne

RATION
place to another.

IMMIGRANT
a p ers on w h o has c o me t o a differ en t c o un try
i n o r d e r t o l i v e t h e r e p e r m a n e ntly .

EMIGRANT
a p e r s o n w h o l e f t t h e i r c o u n t r y o f o r i gi n .
T Y PES O F MIG R ANTS

ASYLUM SEEKER ECONOMIC MIGRANT

a pe rs on wh o h as v olu n ta rily
this is a pe r s on who is left t heir c o un try of origi n t o
applying f or as ylum . se ek , b y l egal o r illegal
m ea ns, e mpl oym en t in
another country.

REFUGEE D IASPORA
d es cri bes s om eo ne w h o is mi gran ts o r des c e nd an ts of
le avin g a co un tr y ( o r fle ein g), mi gran ts wh ose id en tit y a n d
d ue t o t hin gs lik e co nfli ct o r se ns e of bel ongi n g have b ee n
n at u ral disast e r, o r ot he r s ha pe d b y th ei r migr ati on
f o r m s o f p e r s e cu t ion . e xp e r i en c e a n d b a c k gr o u nd .
 T YPES OF MIGRATION

IN TE RNATIONAL RE TIREMENT
L AB O U R M IGRAT IO N M IGRATION ( IRM )

is the movement of individuals retired people may have the financial power to
from one country to another for buy properties abroad, which can be either a
work, or in response to first or a second home.
recruitment drives.

FORCED M IGRATION IN TE RNAL M IGRATION

may occur when people are this type of migration involves a
forced to flee their home country person moving from one area to
due to conflict or political another within the same country.
repression.
 WHY DO PEOPLE
MIGRATE?
PUSH FACTORS:
are based upon the country of origin. These
are factors which may cause the migrants to
have the desire to move.

PULL FACTORS:
are based upon the intended destination of
the migrant (the host country). These are
factors that attract people to a new place.
GLOBAL MIGRATION
ISSUES & EFFECTS

D E M O GRAPHIC HE AL TH & SOC IAL

IM PLICATIONS IM P L ICATIONS

E C ON OMIC
IM P L ICATIONS

P O L IT IC AL E N VIRONMENTAL
IM P L IC AT IONS IM P L ICATIONS
 Demographic Implications 01
D E MOGRA PHIC IMP L ICA TIO NS
·Childbearing age will leave = birth
r a tes t o d r op
ORIGIN COUNTRY ·Lea v in g behin d a n old er generation =
un ba l a n ced a n d a geing population in
the or igin coun tr y .

·Y outhful w or kin g popula tion w ill boom

·Birth rates ma y in cr ea se H OST COUNTRY
·General popula tion n umber s w ill r ise .
 Health and Social Implications 02
HEAL TH & SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS
·Ca n r elieve pr essur e on hea lthca re
a n d ed uca tion sy stems, if po pu la tion
ORIGIN COUNTRY r a tes r ed uce in a n or igin country .
·Loss of qua lif ied w or kers

·Pressure on schools
·Hea lth care services may increase, a s the
population r ises .
·Ethnic a nd racia l ten sion s ma y a lso
in crease, a lon gsid e segr ega tion issues .
H OST COUNTRY
·Asylu m seekers and refugees are vulnerable
t o huma n tr a f f ickin g .
·Can cause a b r ea k -up of commun ities,
f amily un its , a n d ev en a loss of tra d ition a l
culture .
 Economic Implications 03
E C ONOMIC IMP L ICA TIO NS
·Red uction in pr essures on food,
w a ter a n d en er gy supplies
·Red uced agr icul tur a l a n d industrial
ORIGIN COUNTRY pr od uction
·Gener a l declin e in services, with
f ew er people t o support them .

·Workforce w ill in cr ea se, ov er comin g a ny

la bour or specif ic skill shor ta ges
·Economy ca n be impr ov ed
·Higher un employ men t ra tes d ur in g H OST COUNTRY
periods of econ omic dow n tur n , an d the
w orkforce ma y become mor e competitiv e .
·In times of r ecession , migr an t
resen tment may be higher .
 Political Implications 04
P O L ITIC AL IMP L IC ATIONS
·Pr es sure m ay inc reas e f or p o li ci es to b e
init ia te d to re-d eve lop are a s which ar e
declining
·Other pol ici e s may als o b e intr o duced, s uch
ORIGIN COUNTRY as pro -natal p ol ici e s , o r even i ncentiv es to
help r e tain s k ill ed wo rk ers . Som e g ove rnm ents
of c o untries with high populat i ons m a y
encour age mig rat i on for s oc io- eco nom ic
advantages , or as an anti -natal s trateg y.

·Negative v iew s tow a r d migr a tion

·Pressure f or migra tion con trol may r ise, HOST COUNTRY
a s well a s a n ti -immigr a tion p olitica l
parties
 Environmental Implications 05
E NVIR ONMENTA L IMP L ICA TIONS

·Aba n d onmen t ca n occur ; farmland,

bu ild i n gs, an d w hole villages can be
ORIGIN COUNTRY lef t behin d , w hile environmental
ma n a gemen t a lso d ecr eases .

·In crea sed pressure on land for

d evelopmen t a n d in f rast r uct ur e, suc h a s
r oads or housin g .
·Resource pr essur e w ill a ls o in cr ea se, H OST COUNTRY
a s the deman d f or en er gy , w a ter , an d
food rises .
PRESENTED BY: GROUP 1
AB E JU ELA B AB ALCON AB AR R ATI GUE
AG B AT B AB ON AB I TR I A
ALB OS B AG AS OL AR AZ A
AN S ON G B R ONDI AL