Lecture 4
Java SE – Programming
presentation
Java Programming – Software App Development
Assoc. Prof. Cristian Toma Ph.D.
D.I.C.E/D.E.I.C – Department of Economic Informatics & Cybernetics
www.dice.ase.ro
Cristian Toma – Business Card
Agenda for Lecture 4 – Summary of JSE
1 2 3
Java
Generics
JCF - Java
Collection
Framework
Exchange
Ideas
1
Java Generics, Error @ runtime versus @compile-time
Java Generics
1 Summary of Java Generics
What are advantages of Generics in programming?
Moves the errors from “run-time in compile-time”
Is there any macro-expansion as in C / C + + within Generic programming?
NO
Where is the most intensive usage of Generic programming?
Starting with Java 8 | 9 and especially in JCF – Java Collection Framework
ATTENTION!!! For advanced Java Generics concepts please read:
“Sub-typing”, “Wild-Cards”, “Type-Erasure” in the web resources
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/generics/
http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/extra/generics/index.html
http://java.sun.com
Java Generics Simple Samples – Generics1.java & Generics4.java
1 Summary of Java Generics
Recommendations for parameters naming are:
* E - Element – intensively uses in JCF - Java Collections Framework
* K - Key
* N - Number
* T - Type
* V - Value
* S,U,V etc. - 2nd, 3rd, 4th types
Please in Ubuntu 16 virtual machine check-out lecture 1 and 2 from
/home/stud/javase directory
Section Conclusion
Fact: Generics in Java
In few samples it is simple to remember: Java
generics allows the programmer to use general
classes in error prone approach and to provide
mechanism for moving the error from runtime
to compile time.
2
JCF – Java Collection Framework, List<E>, Map<K,V>
JCF – Java Collection Framework
2. Summary of JCF
JCF – Java Collection Framework Features:
§ JCF is an hierarchy of classes, abstract classes, interfaces and
algorithms, that implements the standard data structures used in
programming – vector, list – stack/queue, binary-tree, hash-table
§ JCF contains interfaces, implementations & algorithms
§ JCF involves to code with interface as type style
§ The classes hierarchy is based on:
§ Collection – defines a value for each item in the data structure
§ Map – defines a pair of items, key-value, for each element/node in
the data structure
2. Summary of JCF
java.util.*
<<interface>>
Iterable<T>
<<interface>>
Collection<E> <<interface>>
Map<K,V>
<<interface>> <<interface>>
List<E> Set<E>
Vector<E> ArrayList<E> LinkedList<E> TreeSet<E> HashSet<E> LinkedHashSet<E> TreeMap<K,V> HashMap<K,V> Hashtable<K,V>
2. Summary of JCF
1. In order to go through a data structure from JCF, it is possible to use
foreach or iterators (or partially tu use Enumeration for classes
Vector and Hashtable)
a. for(Object o : collection) System.out.println(o);
b. for(Iterator<?> it = collection.iterator(); it.hasNext();)
System.out.println(it.next())
2. The order of the items/elements into collections/data structures
(including for use of sorting algorithms) is given by the implementation
of the method “compareTo(...)” from the interface Comparable<T> or
by the implementation of the method “compare(...)” from the
interface Comparator<T>.
3. For optimization and best practice programming, it is recommended
for the classes that instantiate objectes which are used in hash-data
structures, to implement the inherited methods “hashCode()” and
“equals(...)” from class Object.
Section Conclusions
JCF – Java Collection Framework is a set of classes,
interfaces and algorithms for standard data-
structure processing
JCF – presents almost like in C++ STL: containers,
iterators, and algorithms
JCF – needs for order of the items in the data-
structures to process objects from classes that
provide methods for comparing.
JCF Summary
for easy sharing In JCF the best practice is to override methods
from class Object for equality and hashing
value, in order to work with hash data structure
3
Share knowledge, Empowering Minds
Communicate & Exchange Ideas
?
Questions & Answers!
What’s
Thanks!Your Message?
DAD – Distributed Application Development
End of Lecture 4 – summary of Java SE
