Telaga Batu Arang

Resort
Design of Resort in Sangatta with the Approach to Critical Regionalism
Architecture

Nela Dwianti
17512099
Supervisor :
Dr. Ir. Revianto Budi S, M.Arch
Final Architectural Design Studio
Department of Architecture
2020 / 2021

INTERNATIONAL UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM IN ARCHITECTURE

 Telaga Batu Arang Resorts
Design of Resort in Sangatta with the Approach to Critical Regionalism Architecture

Department of Architecture

Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning

Universitas Islam Indonesia

2020 / 2021
 AUTHENTICATION SHEET

Final Architectural Design Studio Entitled :

Telaga Batu Arang Resort

Design of Resort in Sangatta with the Approach to Critical Regionalism Architecture

Student’s Full Name : Nela Dwianti

Student’s Identification Number : 17512099

Has been evaluated on and approved by : Yogyakarta, 21 July 2021

Acknowledged by :
 STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY

By signing this form :

Name : Nela Dwianti

Student Number : 17512099

Study Program : Architecture (International Program)

Faculty : Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning

University : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Title : Telaga Batu Arang Resort : Design of Resort with The Approach to Critical
Regionalism Architecture

Herein, I declare the originality of thesis; I have not presented anyone else’s work to obtain my university de-
gree, nor have I presened anyone else’s words, idea, or expression without acknowledgement. All quotation
are cited and listed in the bibliography of the thesis. If in the future this thesis statement is proven false, I am
willing to accept any sanction complying with the determined regulation or its consequences.
 PREFACE
Assalammu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh.

Praise the presence of Allah SWT, The One True God for the abundance of grace, His gift, and His power so the prepara-
tion of the final project report titled, “Telaga Batu Arang Resort with The Approach to Critical Regionalism Architecture” can be
completed. The author realizes that the process of drafting and implementing the Final Bachelor Project can be done insepara-
ble from the support of many parties, therefore the author wants to express appreciation gratitude to :
1. Allah SWT., who always guide the author to keep trying and not giving up at every obstacles the author facing in the
process of this final project. He also made this final project as a stepping stone and life lesson for the author, to become
a stronger, steadfast, sincere and patient human being.
2. Rasulullah SAW., who always become the inspiration of his way to deal with every problem in life, also to always be-
lieve in the power of Allah SWT.
3. Both parents, the blessings of life. Who always take care of their daughter every day, every minute, every second. Who
never demands anything from their daughter, and only care about the happiness of the author and her sisters. The
best mother and father in the world, who never complains of anything.
4. Dr. Ir. Revianto Budi Santosa, M. Arch., as supervisor who has an important role in the research and preparation of this
final project. Who always be patience to guide, to give the knowledge and inspiration to the author so that this final
project can be done in a good result.
5. Dr.-Ing Putu Ayu P. Agustiananda S.T., M.A., as the jury 1 who has given the input, criticism, and advice to the author so
this final project can be better and better.
6. Prof. Noor Cholis Idham, Ph.D., IAI., as the jury 2 who also given the input, criticism and advice to the author so this
final project can give the better result.
7. Kemala Fitri Adelia, my dearest friend, who always encourage me to never give up, and always beside me
whenever i feel alone and depressed. Even though she also not in a good condition, she can always manage to
make sure that i’m okay and holding my hands to walk together finishing this project and to graduate together.
8. Aanisah Ayu Wulandari, the most kind human being. The one that willing to not sleep to make sure that i’m
not giving up, willing to help with anything that she can, even though she must work for it all night.
9. My other kind friends, Galih, Abe, Adel, Sharfina, Ajeng, and many more. The greatest gift in life i ever had.
10. Last but not least, the toughest human being, me. Myself. Thank you for believing in yourself, to not giving up, to en
dure all the pain, and keep smiling even though you are hurt inside. Thank you for always working hard even though
your body sometimes can’t keep up with the pace. But finally you did it! Thank you.
The author realizes that in the preparation of this final project is still far from prefection, both in terms of language, draft-
ing, and writing. Therefore, the author expects constructive criticism and suggestions to be a provision of experience for the
author to be better in the future. Hopefully, this final project is useful for all who read it, as well as the author in particular.

Wassalammu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh. Sangatta, 11 July 2021

Nela Dwianti
 table of
contents
list of content
1. Title
2. Design premise
3. Design Problem Study
4. Design Study Preliminary Essay
5. Design Study and Precedent Essay
6. Design Problematique
7. Design Methods
8. Originality and Newness
9. Design Process
10. Final Design
11. Reference
12. Attachments
12.1 Plagiarism Check Letter
12.2 Architectural Presentation Board
12.3 Technical Drawing

Final Architecture Studio

Department of Architecture
2020 / 2021
1
design premise
 design premise

resort

This design will provide the place where people can enjoy the
nature not just in the day time but also in the night time. And with
using “Critical Regionalism” as the theme of the design, this place
will be designed by paying attention to the surrounding natural
conditions so that this place will be more integrated with nature.
And can give users the experience of falling asleep and waking up
in the middle of nature.

critical regionalism

Regionalism architecture is a concept that emphasizes the

identity of a region in contemporary architecture. The aim
of the regionalism approach is to raise the values of local
wisdom and climate conditions and the surrounding envi-
ronment without leaving modern technology.
 design premise

ecotourism

Ecotourism is catering for tourists wishing to experience the natu-

ral environment without damaging it or disturbing its habitats. It is
a form of tourism involving visiting fragile, pristine, and relatively
undisturbed natural areas, intended as a low-impact and often
small scale alternative to standard commercial mass tourism. It
means responsible travel to natural areas, conserving the environ-
ment, and improving the well-being of the local people.

telaga batu arang

Telaga Batu Arang is reclaimed into an ecotourism area

which is designed as a tourist park with educational fea-
tures, and its management is community-based so that
it can support the economy of the surrounding commu-
nity. Besides the lake which is the main feature of TBA’s
tourist attraction, several areas / clusters that can be
visited are Bukit Pandang, here visitors will be spoiled
with beautiful views in various directions such as Kutai
National Park (TNK), Sangatta River, KPC mine, and the
beauty of the lake.
design premise
And also as a buffer zone of the Kutai National
Park, making this place a very natural location.
Where wild animals often roam to stop for a
Located in an area whose main regional income moment at this place. And also because it is
comes from coal mining companies, East Kutai Re- near a protected forest area, this location can
gency is very dependent on this mining company. provide a refreshing experience for visitors who
90% of the population living in East Kutai work as want to spend time on vacation in nature.
employees in mining companies, both the main
mining company, Kaltim Prima Coal, as well as its This place itself is actually an ecotourism where
other subsidiaries. the attractions that visitors can enjoy here are
the beautiful views of the ex-mining lake, where
But of course this won’t last long. Coal is a natural there is a fish pond, a natural atmosphere with
resource that is not renewable. One day it will run endemic plants, and several additional facilities
out. Therefore, it is very important for the govern- that are already available. These facilities are, a
ment to start taking the initiative to take steps, dairy farm, commercial agriculture, the office,
looking for alternatives to increase regional rev- and also the mess for the employees.
enue to replace income from mining companies.
Who may not know when, will be closed. Unfortunately, the natural potentials that exist
are still not being utilized properly. Apart from
There are many things the government can do for providing facilities for a place to see all over
that. One of them is by developing natural tour- the area, from the city, the mine to the Kutai
ism objects in East Kutai. The various kinds of flo- National Park. A more interesting experience if
ra and fauna in East Kutai and the natural beauty visitors can enjoy nature for 36 hours or more,
that not many people know, constitute a great where visitors can enjoy nature in the morning,
potential for the government to be able to exploit follow the activities provided by this place until
it so that employment opportunities for the com- late afternoon, then can enjoy the sunset at the
munity will increase. location of the hill of view, and when night falls,
enjoy and learn how the night world is in the
Telaga Batu Arang, a former mine site that has middle of the wild, fall asleep amidst the hum of
been successfully reclaimed by KPC, is one of the crickets and other animals in the forest, then in
high potential tourism spots in East Kutai. Located the morning the next day, awakened by the sun-
in a high-lying area, making this location an at- light coming in through the cavities of the trees,
tractive place to enjoy the natural beauty of East enjoying how the sun slowly rises and illumi-
Kutai. nates green nature around visitors.
2
 design problem study
Sangatta, a district that developed because of coal mining
Telaga Batu Arang, post mining area turned into beautiful
lake
National Kutai Park, the center of biodiversity in east kutai
Sangatta,
East Kutai, East Borneo, Indonesia
When asked to name a mining city in Indonesia, most people would say Timika in Papua or Belitung, both of
which have become household names courtesy to the novel Laskar Pelangi.

However, few people are aware that a metropolis has grown up in Borneo’s forest as a result of nearby mines
being opened. Sangatta is the name of the creature. It is now the capital of the East Kutai Regency.

When it comes to its history, this town was once only a little village inside the Kutai Regency’s administrative
jurisdiction (before the expansion). There were no paved roads in the 1990s. The river, which connected San-
gatta with Bontang, the nearest large city, was the principal mode of transit at the time. As a result, the riverbank
became the busiest spot at the time. Now the area is called “The Old Sangatta”.

PT Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC) had been created since 1982, when it was awarded a Coal Mining Concession
Work Agreement (PKP2B) contract and commenced operations in 1992. This company is prospecting for “black
gold” not far from Sangatta’s current city center.

The existence of KPC has gradually increased economic activity in this city. The settlement was modest at first,
but as it grew in importance, it was elevated to the level of a district. Sangatta was chosen as the capital of the
new district of East Kutai before the regional autonomy policy took effect and the Kutai Regency was split.

This city’s reliance on KPC is enormous. This is acceptable given that the bulk of Sangatta’s working-age popu-
lation works for KPC or its contractors and subcontractors. This Bakrie Group subsidiary is also responsible for
a variety of public facilities and infrastructure in East Kutai.

Sangatta, on the other hand, must immediately look for alternative sources of income other than mining. KPC’s
coal reserves are predicted to run out in 2041. The tourism industry has the potential to grow.
East Kutai Regency is one of the East Kalimantan Province’s regencies. It features a number of tourism attrac-
tions with a lot of promise. Unfortunately, some tourism attractions are less appealing to visitors due to a lack of
suitable infrastructure.

KPC has tapped into this potential by converting post-mining area into ecotourism and cattle ranching. Telaga
Batu Arang was the name given to it subsequently.
Telaga Batu Arang Area
(Source: detik.net)
Telaga Batu Arang
Former Mine Turned Into Beautiful Lake

Land is frequently left with numerous drilled holes as a result of mining activity. Post-mining reclamation is an
endeavor to rehabilitate land so that it may be used and productive again, with tourism being one of the possi-
bilities.

“Excellent post-mining reclamation demonstrates that the corporation is concerned about environmental sus-
tainability, both for the land and for the development of the local community. If properly managed, natural tour-
ism and education, for example, can create jobs for the local community” said the Head of the Communication
Bureau, Public Information Services and Cooperation of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Agung
Pribadi in Jakarta, Saturday (14/11).

Telaga Batu Arang is a former coal mine location in Sangatta, East Kalimantan, that was transformed into an
eco-tourism area by PT Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC). Because the area used to be a coal mining location, the
name was chosen. The lake is situated in Pit Surya, the site of KPC’s first mine, which was first exploited in
1992. The coal reserves in that area are currently depleted. KPC’s post-mining program then attempts to re-
turn the land to as close to its original form as possible.

According to KPC’s official statement, the lake in TBA, which was once a sedimentation pond, has transformed
into a major tourist attraction, and biodiversity has attracted a variety of indigenous animals through land reha-
bilitation.

BPPT classifies water from the lake as class A, i.e. drinking water raw water, and it can be used as PDAM
water. Apart from the lake, Bukit Pandang, which gives views in all directions, including the Kutai National Park
(TNK), Sangatta River, KPC Mine, and the beauty of the lake as a whole, is a popular tourist destination today.

Telaga Batu Arang is presently developing infrastructure and testing many existing tourism objects, thus it can
only be utilized for corporate and limited-circle events for the time being. When the post-mining reclamation
site is ready to be used as a tourist attraction, it is intended that it would boost the local economy.

However, KPC has used this place for rowing events on multiple occasions. Several sports communities, such
as motocross and mountain biking, also use this region on a regular basis.
National Kutai Park,
East Kutai, East Borneo, Indonesia
Kutai National Park is a nature protection area in East Kalimantan Province that represents a lowland tropical rain forest
habitat with elevations ranging from 0-400 meters above sea level. Lowland forest types include ironwood (Eusideroxylon
zwageri), meranti (Shorea sp), and lime (Dryobalanops sp), swamp forest with perupuk plants (Lophopethalum sp), man-
grove forests with Rhizophora mucronata, R. apiculata, Sonneratia alba, S. caseolaris, and others, Shell forest, and coastal
forest. This area is significant for the protection of flora and animals because of its vast biodiversity. With an extent of
around 2 million hectares, the Kutai National Park region was first proposed by a Dutch geologist named H. Witkamp.

The tremendous biodiversity of this area, on a genetic, species, and ecosystem level, is one of the key grounds for its des-
ignation as a national park. This area is home to more than 1,200 plant species, including ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwa-
geri) and eight of the world’s top ten Dipterocarpaceae species, including: Anisoptera sp., Cotylelobium sp., Dipterocarpus
sp., Dryobalanop ssp., Hopea sp. , Parashorea sp., Shorea sp. and Vatica sp. Kutai National Park boasts a diverse range of
animals in addition to its vegetation. This area is home to 80 percent of Borneo’s bird species, 380 in total, including both
resident and seasonal migratory birds. Hornbills or hornbills come in eight different varieties. In addition, Kalimantan is
home to an endemic bird species, namely the blue-headed paok (Hydrornis baudii) which is one of the indicators of Kutai
National Park as an Important Area for Birds.

In addition, there are also more than half of Borneo’s mammal species, as many as 80 species and among them are 11 of
the 13 Bornean primate species, including the orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and the endemic species of Borneo, name-
ly the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus). The orangutan that lives in the Kutai National Park is Pongo pygmaeusmorio
which is a sub-species of the Bornean orangutan and only lives in the eastern part of the island of Borneo. Several oth-
er mammal species found in Kutai National Park include banteng (Bos javanicus), sambar deer (Cervus unicolor), deer
(Muntiacus muntjak), mouse deer (Tragulus kanchil), sun bear (Helarctos malayanus), pangolin (Manis javanicus), clouded
leopard (Neofelis diardi). Dozens of reptile species including the estuarine crocodile (Crocodylus porosus), 195 butterfly
species including the protected Troides helena, Troides amphrysus, and Trogonoptera brookiana, 32 species of ants, 25
species of frogs, as well as hundreds of insects and other animals that have not been identified as living in this area.`

The Ulin tree, discovered in Kutai National Park in 1993, is one of Indonesia’s largest plants. It is thought to be 1,000 years
old, and in the 20 years following its discovery, its diameter has grown from 2.41 to 2.47 meters. After a lightning strike, its
height was decreased from 30 meters to only 20 meters.
3
design study preliminary essay
Critical Regionalism
The Needs for Tourism Development
Design Site Location
Climate, Topography and Site Inventory
 Gallery of Seashore Library
(Source: ArchDaily)

Critical Regionalism
The architectural notion of regionalism first appeared during the Matters about critical regionalism architecture according to
modern era, when buildings began to be created in a modern Kenneth Frampton:
style that was inspired by European architecture and demon- 1. Culture and Civilization
strated current technology. The concept of regionalism was born 2. The rise and fall of the Avant-Garde
out of a desire to preserve local identity by reintroducing native 3. Critical Regionalism and World culture
architectural characteristics. One of the architects who employs 4. The resistance of the Place Form
the concept of regionalism is Hassan Al-Fathy. The design school 5. Culture Versus nature: Topography, Context,climate, light
in Talkha, a city on the Nile’s banks, was built with a regionalist and Tectonic Form.
approach, including local materials, architectural characteristics, 6. The Visual Versus the Tactile
and the community’s construction system. Hassan Al-Fathy uses
this architecture with the aim of uplifting human dignity by appre- Which can be summarized as:
ciating and empowering existing local potentials (Kurniati, 2015). 1. Place Making
2. Architectonic Composition
Kenneth Frampton, with his book Critical Regionalism: Modern 3. Nature Experience
Architecture and Cultural Identity, is the next figure of regionalism 4. Tactile Experiment
architecture. According to Frampton (2007), features of cultural
specificity and modernism can be combined into a single design.
When developing a structure, it is preferable to draw inspiration
from the past by preserving the components of the existing neigh-
borhood while also including modern elements. Technological ad-
vancements, science, and politics are all examples of modernity.
10 Principal of Critical Regionalism Design :

1. Site Contextual Analysis: Use the location of your building6. Consider Boundary: The intrinsic limits you create in
to inform the grand gesture of your concept. The context settings can either divide or unify people from nature. It’s
around you will provide you with incredible direction, inspi- useful to be aware of limits that allow for visual nature
ration, and resources from which to develop an excellent (glass partition) or sound nature (acoustic nature) in your
design. own ideas (open window). Consider what sensory modal-
ity limits are separating residents from nature or linking
2. Weather Pattern Response: Weather-responsive architec- them to it.
ture can be constructed to perceive and respond to weather
patterns. Consider what it would be like if a building could 7. Injecting Natural Elements: Nature can be incorporat-
change its own behavioral language in response to solar, ed as micro-elements into living or working situations.
precipitation, or wind strength. When possible, bring nature inside with a stone sculp-
ture that can be handled by residents or a semi-indoor
3. Biomimicry in Design: Many design lessons may be found garden that releases lovely scents. Interior and external
in nature, which can be used to help one innovate strategi- surroundings can complement one another to create
cally within a design. For example, by seeing and evaluating built places that incorporate nature as a unifying factor.
how nature solves difficulties with its own materials, one
might create new methods to use materials or frame a prob- 8. Nature Immersion:Your building’s design can also be
lem. tailored to blend in with nature, taking your occupants
on a journey to fully appreciate nature. One could won-
4. Integrate Occupant-Nature Relationships:It is benefi- der, in such a scheme, where the building ends and na-
cial to learn more about your tenants’ interaction with na- ture begins.
ture while building surroundings. Understanding how your
tenant prefers to interact with nature will help you better 9. Nature for Approach and Departure: Consider the role
design for their working or living environment. One resident, and design of nature in your architecture as it supports
for example, may enjoy rainy days while another enjoys sun- the way your occupants arrive and exit your building.
ny days.
10. Interaction with Transient Natural Elements: When
5. Push Materiality Further: You may push what your build- the sun travels across the sky, the wind changes direc-
ing materials can do inside your design even further if you tion, or the temperature drops, your building can interact
understand their nature. Consider the following question: with nature on a temporary basis. Ask yourself this ques-
What can this material do to convey and produce an en- tion as you design: How can this architecture “dance”
vironment that radiates the utility and beauty that my cli- with nature to provide occupants completely different
ents would enjoy? experiences?
 Architecture as - The building is part of a site so that it appears to be one with one another.
Place Making - Site is the ‘starting point’ of the building.

Architecture as
The materials and constituent components, ways of making them, as well as the tra-
Architectonic ditions and ideas behind them can reveal the identity of the building.
Composition

Architecture as -Architecturemustbeabletodeveloptheexperienceofusersandinteractionswithnature.
Nature Experi- - Climatological characters (temperature, humidity, wind, natural light, etc.) and to-
pography can be considered to add to the experience of every visitor who visits a
ence building so that the building gives the impression / experience of visitors.

Architecture as - Building can be felt by human senses.

Tactile Experi- - The experience felt by visitors can be done tactile (touch / touch) on an architec-
ence ture.

Nature Experience
According to Frampton (2007), “Critical regionalism must involve a more direct dialectical relationship with nature, more than
just the abstract formal traditions that make modern avant-garde architecture possible.”

According to Frampton, the simultaneous demand for these two aspects creates an architectural structure that connects local
culture and landscape quality. Rather of constructing a free-standing object without a concept, an architectural structure in a
natural setting requires the two aspects to be merged to generate a design concept. The biological, climatic, and symbolic fea-
tures of the location will be determined by geographical factors and cultural legacy. It is what distinguishes society by creating a
“place-form” equilibrium between the natural environment and cultural legacy.

In his thesis, Orozco (2007) contrasts the natural laws according to Frampton and Curtis. Frampton strives for a balance between
the use of artificial technology to increase quality of life in an artificial environment and the use of local regional climate vari-
ables in a building to develop a sense of place. Like Frampton, Curtis is also looking for adequate solutions to an area’s natural
climatic conditions.
The difference is that, while Frampton’s critical regionalism seeks a balance between artificial and natural, Curtis con-
tends that linguistic principles address natural conditions as the most appropriate way to manage climate concerns,
relying less on artificial solutions.Authentic regionalism seeks a more responsive reaction to people’s and cultures’ heal-
ing ability as it pushes back into their identities. Curtis emphasizes the balance between humanity, culture, and nature
through accepting past ways of existence and protecting the environment, in contrast to Frampton’s balancing of artifi-
cial and natural.

As a result, according to Frampton, how nature is in regionalism is how both residents explore and utilize the natural en-
vironment to increase connections to places and solve certain environmental problems, such as considering the use of
natural light from homes, ventilation, and plants, and identifying artificial components that are inside buildings. Curtis,
on the other hand, works with traditional methods and beliefs that help to create harmony between local culture and
the environment.

Based on this study, the characteristics of the Critical Regionalism building as a Nature Experience are:
1. Geographical conditions are considered in the design
2. More concerned with design solutions with the surrounding climate / nature
3. Cultural background balanced with climatological conditions
The Needs for Tourism Development
The tourism sector is a sector that has the potential to provide input for Regional Original Income (PAD) and is able
to provide a multiplier effect for the development of related sectors, such as agriculture (flowers, fruit, fisheries), the
handicraft industry, trade (for example restaurants), and services. (lodging,
tour guide, transportation, and so on). So that the development of this sector, the level of welfare of the community,
especially those living around tourist areas, can increase.

East Kutai Regency has a variety of tourism objects, both natural tourism, agro-tourism and cultural tourism. Nature
tourism in this area includes the beauty of the sea and the vast mountains, dense tropical forest tourism, with the
diversity of flora and fauna in the Kutai National Park, as well as cultural tourism including historical relics and diversity
of traditions, interesting local arts.

Nature tourism which consists of marine tourism, beaches, adventure and artificial nature tourism. This tourism is
located along the coast of East Kutai Regency, and especially for marine tourism that will be developed is in Sangkuli-
rang District (Birahbirahan Island). And for beach tourism which is the destination of tourists is Lombok Bay Beach and
Aquatic.

Cultural tourism consisting of traditional dances, theater arts, bands, dramas, Malay orchestras, tingkilan music, tam-
bourines, hadrahs and arts from immigrant communities that have developed in the East Kutai Regency include: Kuda
Kepang, Ludruk, Ketoprak, Wayang Kulit, Barongsai , Dance and Modeling, Sandur, Karawitan, Reog, and Sinden.
This tourism object develops in the area of East Kutai Regency and is spread across all districts.
The number of tourists both domestic and foreign who visit East Kutai Regency has increased every year. Until 2013,
the number of tourists entering East Kalimantan reached 33,172 people, an increase of 6775 people compared to
2011, which was 26,397 people.

With the increasing number of tourists coming to East Kutai, supporting facilities such as lodging / hotels are needed.
In 2013, the number of inns / hotels in East Kutai reached 91, consisting of 1 three-star hotel, and the remaining 90
non-star hotels.
Design Site Location
Telaga Batu Arang, Swarga Bara, North Sangat-
ta, East Kutai Regency, East Kalimantan 75683
Telaga Batu Arang Area Coal Mining
Area
As the post mining area, this
lake and ecotourism place
PT. Kaltim Prima Coal (PT. KPC)
located near the coal mining
is located in District Sangatta,
area. But not just that, this
East Kutai
area also located near National
Regency, East Kalimantan Prov-
Kutai Park and even become
ince and has an area of PKP2B
the buffer zone of the park.
90,960 Ha. In
From this area, people can en-
operation, the coal mining area
joying the view of coal mining
is located in the Sangatta and
area, the city and settlements
Bengalon while PT.
of Sangatta, and also the bio-
KPC mining only operates in
diversity from National Kutai
Sangatta that has only 3 de-
Park.
partments, department
bintang (pit Bendili), depart-
ment Pit J (pit Pinang South),
and the department
Hatari (K-West pit and pit Inul
East).

National City and

Kutai Park Settlements
National Kutai Park area scat- Sangatta, East Kutai Regency is
tered all over the district. With not a big district so the distance
the concern of the community between one place into another
to protect the biodiversity in is not too far away. And the ac-
this protected forest, until now cess to go to certain places such
human being and the wild ani- as tourist attractions is already
mals have coexisted well. easy and proper to access.
Orang Utan until Enggang some- There is the settlements located
times still seen flying or passing near the mining area which the
in several areas in this district. settlements for employees of
the mining companies.
Topography
The topography of East Kutai Regency varies in the form of sloping plains, undulating to hilly and mountainous and beaches
with land elevations ranging from 0 - 7 m to more than 1000 meters above sea level. Most of the area of ​​East Kutai Regency
has a slope of more than 15%, with a total area
area of ​​2,516,233 Ha (76.37% of the total land area).

Areas with a slope of more than 40% have a fairly wide area, scattered throughout the region, especially concentrated in
the northwest with an altitude of more than 500 meters above sea level. Areas with topographic characteristics like this are
included in critical land category which has the potential to experience environmental degradation in the form of soil ero-
sion.

Areas with slopes below 15% (<2 to 15) are relatively flat and sloping areas, with an area of ​​778,686 Ha (23.63%). This area
is only found in Sangatta, Muara Bengkal, Muara Ancalong and parts of Muara Wahau and Sangkulirang. The area bordering
Berau Regency in Sangkulirang, Muara Wahau and Muara Ancalong Districts is a limestone mountain area.
Areas with mountainous and hilly areas have the largest area, namely 1,608,915 Ha and 1,429,9222.5 Ha.
Climatology
East Kutai Regency has a humid tropical forest climate with an average temperature of 260 C, where the difference between
the lowest temperature and the highest temperature reaches 50 - 70 C. The rainfall in East Kutai Regency varies from the
coastal area to the interior which is increasing. The average amount of rainfall in this district ranges from 2000 - 4000 mm
/ year, with the average number of rainy days being 130-150 days / year. The average temperature ranges from 260 C with a
difference between day and night between 5 - 7 degrees Celsius.
4
design typology and precedent essay
Säynätsalo Town Hall, Finland
Olive Garden Villa, Turkey
Heritance Kandalama, Dambulla
Lunuganga Estate, Sri Lanka
Lesson Learnt from Presedents
1. Säynätsalo Town Hall, Alvar Aalto (1949)
Parviaisentie 9, 40900 Säynätsalo, Finland
The Säynätsalo Town Hall is a multipurpose building complex with two main buildings arranged around a central
courtyard: a U-shaped council chamber and town hall with administrative offices, and a community library with flats. The
rectangular library block and the U-shaped government building make up the complex, which is made up of two wood-
framed brick buildings. These two structures serve as a retaining wall, allowing Aalto to fill the central courtyard with soil
excavated from the site’s slope, raising it one story above the surrounding terrain.

Depending on whether one is inside the courtyard or outside, the variation in elevations creates two distinct
experiences of the building. Outside observers see an imposing two-story facade, much of which is monolithic, unem-
bellished brick. Inside the courtyard, the facades of the surrounding library and office spaces are only one story tall;
however, outside observers see an imposing two-story facade, much of which is monolithic, unembellished brick. The
two staircases that lead up to the courtyard from ground level are also stylistically distinct. Two flights of perfectly hewn
granite make up the eastern staircase, which is formal and rectilinear. The western staircase has a more uneven footprint
and is composed of terraced sod held back by wooden boards rather than stone or brick.

This futuristic structure is designed to blend in with the surrounding woodland by Aalto. Bricks, wooden flooring,
stairs, and irregular faces are all used. According to Frampton, Aalto’s use of natural and local materials in this project is a
statement of critical regionalism - the honesty of materials and designs.These materials stimulate the human senses, not
just the eyes, but also the sense of touch, which may be felt.

Säynätsalo Town Hall / Alvar Aalto

(Source: ArchDaily)
2. Olive Garden Villa
17.Sok Kumkoy Ilıca Mahallesi, 07200 Manavgat/Antalya,
Turkey
Olive Garden is a complex of villas in Turkey that aims to alleviate tourism’s impact on natural beauty. This series of
villas, designed by Studio Alhadeff, takes a Critical Regionalism approach, integrating traditional building materials with
contemporary design features (Aga Khan Awards, 2007). Natural elements from Turkey, such as olive trees, big boulders,
the sea, and the sky, compliment the structure. It demonstrates the architect’s idea for attaining sustainability in the area
when combined with a low-energy plan.
The homes are situated on a slope that slopes down to the sea. With a wooden louvre offering shade and views towards
the activity space or the sea, there is a game of shading and lighting brought up.

Characteristics
1. Using local resources and modern shapes (geometric forms) (Hatay stones).
2. Use water, trees, and rocks to create a realistic representation of Turkey’s natural environment.
3. Considering the energy element by incorporating solar cells and thermal insulation made from locally sourced materials
(Hatay stone).
4. Incorporate existing shapes and vistas into your arrangement.
3. Heritance Kandalama, Geoffrey Bawa
Geoffrey Bawa’s best creation, Heritance Kandalama in Dambulla, is a true architectural marvel that is the ultimate of environ-
mentally friendly design with tropical modernism in full swing. The project was designed to be built around a large boulder, with
nature and green construction elements incorporated into every component. The hotel was designed by Geoffrey Bawa with the
sensitivity of the surrounding terrain in mind (Seow 2012). The entire hotel structure is covered in flora, and the hotel is built on
a platform that allows for a constant flow of stream, wildlife, and vegetation beneath the structure (Seow 2012). Natural rock
formations were also incorporated into the design, which can be observed in the hotel’s corridor.
4. Lunuganga Estate, Geoffrey Bawa
Geoffrey Bawa’s private house, which he designed in 1958, exemplifies his concentration on nature in architecture.
Bawa’s residence has an interior and architectural design that reflects his evolving style. The phrase “tropical modern” suggested
that the colonial effort would continue in the years leading up to and after independence. Local conditions and climate in South
Asia, on the other hand, challenged the “tropical modern’s” ideas and rationale, and Bawa began to develop a new style of con-
structing. This technique and development is known as “critical vernacular” or “critical regionalism.” A contemplative maze of
chambers and garden courtyards that provide the impression of infinite space. Inside and outside have no meaning here; rooms
have no roofs and roofs have no walls; instead, they are connected by a complex matrix of axes and internal vistas.
He experimented with the interaction of building and landscape, as well as the relationship between inside and outside space,
which is consistent with tropical modernism.

Classical Greco-Roman statues pose insolently, and bacchanalian grotesque sculptures flash from tangles of foliage, blending el-
ements of Italian Renaissance gardens, English landscaping, Japanese garden art, and ancient Sri Lankan water gardens. Precise,
orthogonal lines give way to baroque, serpentine shapes abruptly. The vegetation is a deep, seductive green that envelops every-
thing, periodically punctuated by the hues and textures of wrought iron, stone, concrete, and clay. All senses are heightened in
Bawa’s personal tropical Eden: to the dappled light and shade vistas of the garden and lake, to the sounds of birds and the rustle
of leaves, and to the scent of damp earth and grass after rain. Lunuganga is Bawa’s most magnificent masterpiece and testament,
providing almost overwhelming visual delight.
Building Ideas/Pre-
sedent for Lodging
in the Forest.
Lunuganga Site Plan

He began by cutting through the dense plants to provide a view north over the lake to an island in the middle. He first
cleared a long, wide vista to the south of the house, then rose on the other side of a dip to the garden’s highest point -
Cinnamon Hill – in a far more intricate and ambitious move.

That descent and rise of grass appears seamless from the house or from the top of Cinnamon Hill looking back to the
house. However, there is a road that runs through the middle and ends at the lowest point, leading to another proper-
ty. It’s masterfully hidden. Only upon passing through the covered tunnel beside the Draftmen’s House (constructed by
Bawa for his helpers) does a little window reveal that you are crossing the road on a bridge. You won’t be able to ap-
proach the road directly. An impenetrable barrier is created by a dense low planting of bushes and ferns.v
Lesson Learnt from Presedents
No Project Building Function Lesson Learnt

1. Säynätsalo Town Hall, Multifunction Building - Aalto aligns this modern building with
Finland Complex the surrounding forest.
- In this project Aalto uses a model taken
from nature and local materials from
which these materials can provide a
stimulus to the human senses, not only
visual senses but also touch that can be
felt.
2. Olive Garden Villa, Villas Complex - Blends modern shapes (geometric
Turkey forms) with local materials (Hatay stones).
- Simulate the natural atmosphere of
Turkey through the elements of water,
plants and rocks.
- Make use of existing contours and views
as part of the composition.

3. Heritance Kandalama, Hotel - The building can be blending with

Dambulla surrounding environment.
- The shape of the building following the
situation of the surrounding area, make a
harmony between nature and
architecture.

4. Lunuganga Estate, Country House - This Bawa design makes the connection
Sri Lanka between the inner and outer space non-
existent and creates a very good harmony
between the two.
- Maximizing the opening to let in light
and wind from outside to come inside the
room.
- The arrangement of interior elements
that support the natural aspects to come
in beautifully.
5
 design problematique
Problem Statement
Problem Mapping
Framework of Thinking
FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM
OBJECTIVES AND OBJECTIVES
General Problems
How to design an accommodation building with the Regionalism Architecture approach in the framework of developing
tourism in East Kutai Regency?

Specific Problems
1. How to design a resort building with the Regionalism Architecture approach in the ecotourism area?
2. How to design an accommodation building with an architectural approach to regionalism in the form of:
a. How to designing a modern architecture building that having a sense of place ?
b. How to designing a building that can following the condition of topography ?
c. How to make the tactile and kinesthetic also visual stimulus in the design ?
d. How to designing a building that can adjust with the climate condition of the site ?
e. How to using the local elements as the design inspiration ?
f. How to utilizing the technology according to the era in the building ?

General Target
Designing resort buildings that are able to accommodate the needs of tourism in East Kutai with the Regionalism Archi-
tecture approach in the framework of developing the Cultural Landscape of the city of Sangatta.

Specific Target
Designing resort buildings using Critical Regionalism Architecture approach.
Designing an arts and cultural center building with an architectural approach to regionalism in the form of:
a. Transforming the cultural landscape on the layout of a place or space in a building
b. Transforming the cultural landscape in the building landscape layout

Aim
1. Able to design resorts that can attract tourists and develop tourism value in East Kutai
2. Able to design resorts with the Regionalism Architecture approach as supporting facilities in the ecotourism area
3. Able to design resorts with a regionalism approach method as a local identity that is merged with modern architecture
to attract tourists in the form of:
a. Able to designing the building that can use complementary elements with regional characters. (nature and culture)
also by applying a color palette that matches the surrounding nature of the site.
b. Able to use the topography condition of the area to provide the view and experience of spaces.
c. Able to optimizing openings in buildings for natural lighting and ventilation needs.
d. Able to using materials with a variety of different textures to stimulate touch. And combining existing textures on site
elements with building material textures to bring out contrast or harmony.
Problem Mapping
Non - Architectural Issue Architectural Issue

1. The city of Sangatta still lacks suitable 1. Tourism in Sangatta must be developed
tourist destinations for tourists. to help the regional economy.
2. Sangatta City and East Kutai Regency as 2. Facilities for tourist attractions in
a whole have a lot of natural potential for Sangatta are still inadequate.
biodiversity that are attractive to tourists. 3. The lack of utilization of the huge
3. There is a lot of potential to improve natural potential in Sangatta.
the economy apart from mining, which is
a non-renewable natural resource.

General Problems
How to design an accommodation building with the Regionalism Architecture approach in
the framework of developing tourism in East Kutai Regency?

Special Issues
1. How to design a resort building with the Regionalism Architecture approach in the
ecotourism area?
2. How to design an accommodation building with an architectural approach to regionalism
in the form of:
a. How to designing a modern architecture building that having a sense of place ?
b. How to designing a building that can following the condition of topography ?
c. How to make the tactile and kinesthetic also visual stimulus in the design ?
d. How to designing a building that can adjust with the climate condition of the site ?
e. How to using the local elements as the design inspiration ?
f. How to utilizing the technology according to the era in the building ?
Framework of Thinking
Non - Architectural Issue Architectural Issue

1. The city of Sangatta still lacks suitable 1. Tourism in Sangatta must be developed
tourist destinations for tourists. to help the regional economy.
2. Sangatta City and East Kutai Regency as 2. Facilities for tourist attractions in
a whole have a lot of natural potential for Sangatta are still inadequate.
biodiversity that are attractive to tourists. 3. The lack of utilization of the huge
3. There is a lot of potential to improve natural potential in Sangatta.
the economy apart from mining, which is
a non-renewable natural resource.

General Problems
How to design an accommodation building with the Regionalism Architecture approach in
the framework of developing tourism in East Kutai Regency?

Special Issues
1. How to design a resort building with the Regionalism Architecture approach in the
ecotourism area?
2. How to design an accommodation building with an architectural approach to regionalism
in the form of:
a. How to designing a modern architecture building that having a sense of place ?
b. How to designing a building that can following the condition of topography ?
c. How to make the tactile and kinesthetic also visual stimulus in the design ?
d. How to designing a building that can adjust with the climate condition of the site ?
e. How to using the local elements as the design inspiration ?
f. How to utilizing the technology according to the era in the building ?

Analysis
1.Assessment of the site and environmental context
2. Study of resort typology
3. Studies on the Architecture of Regionalism
4. Study of site context

Design Issues
1. Building Orientation
Problem Solving 2. Room Function Requirements
3. Shape Layout Room
4. Landscape Building
Design Concept 5. Details and Forms of Building Facades
6. Architectural Approach of Regionalism

Schematic Design Design Test

Final Design
6
design methods
There are 2 types of methods in designing to collect information and data relating to the problems that will be analyzed
later, namely the primary method and the secondary method.

Primary Data Collection Method

Primary data collection method is a method that obtains data directly from the source by means of observation. Obser-
vations are made by observing the design location and its condition in terms of facilities and other potentials that will be
developed. Other data regarding area conditions, topography, climate and site inventory.

Secondary Data Collection Methods

Secondary data collection methods are carried out indirectly from the source. Thus, the data obtained comes from books,
journals, and literature studies.

Design Approach Method

The design approach is the basis for designing buildings by observing and studying literature, namely:
1. The space requirements needed in the resorts building
2. The need for infrastructure and other supporting facilities at resorts
3. Application of Regionalism Architecture at resorts that can attract tourists and develop knowledge of natural conditions
within the framework of cultural landscape development

Data analysis method

The method of data analysis in the design of resorts was carried out in two ways, namely the method of macro analysis and
the method of micro analysis.

Macro Analysis
Macro analysis was carried out in the Telaga Batu Arang area.
The area analysis consists of conditions and problems that exist today. Macro analysis is also carried out to observe what
needs must be met at the resort.

Micro Analysis
Micro analysis is carried out by analyzing the typology of resort buildings in terms of design standards, building layouts,
space requirements, layout forms, and building infrastructure which will be a solution to problems that will arise when
designing.

Design Test Method

The design test method is carried out with the aim of knowing the design results whether the design results have become
a solution to existing architectural issues or non-architectural issues. The design test method can be done by using support-
ing software and the design exploration to get the best design which can answering all the problems.
7
design originality and novelty
GRAFIZ+PARTNERS PROJECT, 2014
Project Details
Type : Tourism
Scope : Masterplan
Location : Kalimantan Timur
Owner : PT. Kaltim Prima Coal
Client : PT. Bita Bina Semesta
Year : 2014

Telaga Batu Arang is a former coal mine that has been transformed into a tourist destination
focusing on nature-based tourism and education.

The key draw in this sector is the use of natural themes in the construction of buildings and
recreational facilities, as well as social and educational activities. This area’s purpose is to
serve as an appealing and beneficial tourist destination for families and local communities.
Master Plan Telaga Batu arang Grafiz + Partners Project, 2014
8
 design hypothesis
Site Analysis (Experience, Topography, Sun Direction)
Initial Design
1st Design Development
2nd Design Development
3rd Design Development
Final Design
Telaga Batu Arang Area
1. Blue Lake
2. Clear Water
3. Reflection of the Hill and Trees
4. Different reflection each time in a day. (Morning, Afternoon, Evening, Night)

National Kutai Park

The view on south until southwest is the unspoiled hills with green trees and plants.
The hills makes the dynamic of the view beautifully where the hills arrange from the low con-
tinues to the highest.
There are also the rice fields and river which can be seen from this site, which adds to the vari-
ety of views offered from this side of the area.
Coal Mining Area
The one that makes this site different with the other ecotourism area or the other resort area is because
from this area people can see the view from coal mining.
As people can imagine how this area looks like before the reclamation done by the company.
And also the color pallete from the coal mining, combining with the green from hills and trees also the
blue color of the lake and sky makes the beautiful pantone color of the view.

City and Settlements

From the east until southeast view, the area provide the view of the entire city of Sangatta.
Which shows the city center, the settlements also the other coal mining area.
The light from the buildings from the city and settlements can make a good view in the night.
Showing the activity of the city in the day time also in the night time from this site.
The area of the site which located higher than the city can makes the fullest view of the city.
Key Qualities of the Site

1.

TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SITE

Location of the site surrounded by a collection of hills and forests.
The topographic conditions of the existing hills add to the richness of the texture and shape on
the site which can be implemented as the shape of the building.
In accordance with the concept of critical regionalism as a principal in the design of this resort,
hilly topography as an element of the site’s environmental context will be used as a reference in
designing the shape of the building and to determine the user experience.
This is the detail countours of the site with
interval of each countour line is 4 meter.
From this picture the condition of the site is a
highly countour area with hills and lake (the
area with blue mark in the picture).
The countour of northwest side of the area is
really steep rather than the east side.
The area for the resort (mark by brown color
in the picture) is chosen between these steep
area and not really steep area to show the
richness of the topography in this place.

The resort site located on the area that higher than the lake so the view to the lake will provide maximum from
this area.
 SUN DIRECTION

2.

To give the experience of “Ray of Light” the lodgement area will be located on the east side.
The sun will come to the site in the morning from east area through the gap between the trees and leaves.
Also to give the best sun light which healthy and safe for human, in this case is the user.

3.
The location of the site is really strategic because in this area we can enjoy the sunrise also the sunset.
And also the topography of the site which located in the high area of the district also become the good area
to experience the sunset.
4.
The direction of the building will be facing the lake as the main attraction of this place.
And also this orientation which looking to the northeast side make the building can have the possibilities to hav-
ing the east and west view in each of the building side. So the sunset and sunrise can be enjoyed in each of the
building side.
Preliminary Design Overview

1. Provide the 360 degree view of nature from each room

2. Sunset view and sun light
3. Wind = natural cooling system
4. Give the ambience like waking up in the forest by giving the effect like ray of light in the forest.
Visitors can enjoy nature for 36 hours or more, where visitors can enjoy nature in the morning,
follow the activities provided by this place until late afternoon, then can enjoy the sunset at the
location of the hill of view, and when night falls, enjoy and learn how the night world is in the mid-
dle of the wild, fall asleep amidst the hum of crickets and other animals in the forest, then in the
morning the next day, awakened by the sunlight coming in through the cavities of the trees, enjoy-
ing how the sun slowly rises and illuminates green nature around visitors.

Alternative 1

A = Lodgement Area
B1 = Lobby, Office, Multipurpose Hall
B2 = Pool and Gym
B3 = Restaurant
C = Spa, Playground

A. Lodgement Area located in the forest

Alternative 2
area to give the nature experience to the
user that they can feel the hum from crick-
ets and in the morning welcomed by the
ray of light from gap between the trees.

B. Pool and Restaurant area provide the

view from the lake. That in the daytime
have the reflection of surrounding hill and
trees, and in the night showing the reflec-
tion of the moon.

C. For spa and playground area located also

in the forest area to give the experience of
fresh and calm nature ambient.
Alternative 1

A = Lodgement Area
B1 = Lobby, Office, Multipurpose Hall
B2 = Pool and Gym
B3 = Restaurant
C = Spa, Playground
Alternative 2

A = Lodgement Area
B1 = Lobby, Office, Multipurpose Hall
B2 = Pool and Gym
B3 = Restaurant
C = Spa, Playground
 Initial design
Focused on building plotting and defining the experience
for each building by looking at Topography Condition and
Climate.
Site Topography/Landscape Design (site alternative 1)

To opening the view to the

lake, the trees on the area
in front of the resort will be
cutting down, and let the
grass and other plants that
not distracting the view still
be there.

And make the way for sun-

rise light come to the site.

To opening the view to the

lake, the trees on the area
in front of the resort will
be cutting down, and let
the grass and other plants
that not distracting the
view still be there.

To give the view of sunset,

the west side trees will be
cut down.
Site Topography/Landscape Design (site alternative 2)

To opening the view to the

lake, the trees on the area
in front of the resort will be
cutting down, and let the
grass and other plants that
not distracting the view still
be there.

And make the way for sun-

rise light come to the site.

To give the view of sunset,

the west side trees will be
cut down.

The lodgement area will be

on the part with the trees.
And the public facilities
area located facing to the
lake and directly to the
pathway.
Opening of the Building

The area to provide the

view and experience of
lake and sunset.

The need of openings for

the area to provide the
view and experience of
lake and sunset.
Opening of the Building

The area to provide the

view and experience of
lake and sunset.
In this alternative the area
will be separated.

For this alternative, the

lodgement area will be lo-
cated in the middle area of
the site, which surrounded
by the trees that still re-
maining on the site.
 Alternative 1 Alternative 2

(+) Have wider view to te lake (+) All facilities will located in one area with-
(+) Have the area for lodgement which having out separated by anything
terraced topography (+) Lodgement area can be located in the
east side
(-) The area separated by the road
(-) The lodgement area located on the west (-) Limited view to the lake
side not the east (-) The area not having a special topography
condition
The Topography Condition of The Site (Alternative 1)

Alternative 1 area have wider area to the lake, which also have varies topography on this side. The
alternative 1 area have the topography that higher on east side and gradually lowered on the west
side.

To respond to this topography condition, it will be great to located the lodgement area on the more
steep area to give more varies experience of nature. And the public facilities or the main building
will located more in the highest area which facing directly to the lake as the main attraction and ex-
perience which provided for this facilities.
The Topography Condition of The Site (Alternative 2)

The alternative 2 site is more elongated rather than the first alternative. Which having more
area to the South. The condition of the topography of the area quite varies too which from
the north side, gradually lower in the middle and go up again on the edge of the area on
south side.

The condition of the topography is good to make good design scenario and suitable with the
concept. The entrance and public facilities or main building will located on the north side,
facing directly to the lake. Then the lodgement area will located in the back, use the lowest
area of the site.
Design Schematic (Alternative 1)

The plotting of the building will be like the picture above, which the public facilities or the main
building located on the higher area rather than the lodgement to give the different experience
which lodgement area will surrounded by the trees and main building will focus on the view to the
lake.

Design Schematic (Alternative 2)

The plotting of the building in this alternative site have the same principal like the first alternative,
which having the continous design scenario between two different experience and view of lake in
main building and forest in the lodgement area.
 1st design development
Re-Analyze the space programming based on user and
functions.
Change the site location to respond the user needs.
Deepening the analysis of building experience based on
5th human senses.
Resort Unit
Arrangement Analysis

Aerial View

Aerial View

(+) Can provide the experience of living in nature more than inside one building
(+) Feels more private for the user
(+) Can having 360 view experience to the surrounding area

(-) The utilities management will be a little complicated because it is separate

(-) Needs larger area
Target User and
Function Analysis

COMPANY’S FAMILY GATHERING HILL BIKE SPORT RUNNING SPORT

The most frequent activity held Because the condition of the site Having the large area, surround-
in this area is the coal company’s topography is hilly and surrounded ed by trees and various pathway
family gathering . The event held by nature, this area also often use makes this area also suitable for
once a year for every department for the bikers to excercising their the runner to have the event here
with the average 60 people/de- biking skill. for them to hone their running
partment. skills.

ROWING SPORT HIKING SPORT

The existance of the lake in this The topography condition of the

area, as the main atraction also MOTOCROSS SPORT site very interesting to various
used by the community of rower to There are the area in this place sport activity. Even some people
sometimes held the event here. that hilly and muddy that often also trying to hone their hiking
used by motocross athlete to ex- skills in this area.
cercise in that particular area.
Target User and
Function Analysis
Room Programming
 Target User and
Function Analysis

The first similarity between 2 type of users is the food that must be
provide in this facilities. Which is, the employees and athletes tend
to seek more healthy food to maintain their health and fit body.

The analysis above, trying to finding the needs simi-

larity of each of the user community and also to find
the right facilities that can be used for every people
who come to this area.

And for this analysis is, the similarity between the athletes and reg-
ular visitors who coma to this facilities to get the relaxing and chill
time.
New Site Location

To get more experience and really attach to the uniqueness of the area, the site location move to
the waterfront area that located really near the lake. So the experience of view that will be provide
to the user is the main atraction itself, which is the lake and the other one, since this area covered
by trees and other plants, of course the sense of living inside the forest, or the natural ambience
will still can be achieve in this site location.
Site Area Arrangement
Planning

Based on the experience that this site have, this is the planning how to put the function and build-
ings that will have different experience on each of the building. Dividing the site into 3 area, which
1st area and the 3rd area have the forest experiences, where the area will be surrounded by the
trees and other plantation, really suitable for the resort unit to take this area. While the 2nd area
of the site, as the center of the site, and also the area that located near the main street, this area
will be used as the public area, where the public facilities, the entrance, and the management area
located.
Site Experiences
Analysis

This is the analysis of the experience. Which the area divided into 4 kind of type based on the site
condition and experiences that will provided. The main one, the area that surrounded by the trees,
will have the experiences that really fresh and having green visual from the plantation color. The
other one is the open spaces area to provide the places for people to enjoying the view to the lake.
And the last one semi open spaces located near the street as the welcoming area for people.
Site Function Plotting
Analysis

From the analysis of the experience and building character before, here is the result of the plotting
of each functions. The resort unit will located on the left and right of the site, the entrance as the
welcoming area located near the street and gathering spaces will located between the resort unit
and facing the lake as the main view to this building.
Room Arrangement
based on User Needs

This is the analysis of the plotting of each of the function in public spaces. Each room have differ-
ent ambience which affects by the condition of the site. The spa and massage room will located
surrounded by trees area which will enhance the experience of calm and relax. The fitness center
room also located in the forest area to let people feel the fresh air while doing excercise.
The gathering spaces, facing directly to the lake, to give the full view to the user in this places.
Experiences in Building
Analysis

The analysis of the experience that will provide to the user is based on how human 5th sense can
experience every natural elements in this area. Starts from the vision, which this area will provid-
ing the natural view of the lake and also the hills and trees, continue to the hearing sense which
this area have the sound of water lake and the animal sound in the night time. The smell sense
that come from the smell of the dew in the morning and also the smell of the water. Next to the
taste, the special program that this resort have, which having the healthy food, mostly from the
vegetables and fruit, which farmed from this eco-tourism area. The last is the wind, the light wind
that flew from the gap between the trees, which come to the building, is the relaxing and calm ex-
perience to provide to the user.
Distribution of
Experiences in Building

Based on the analysis of the human sense experience, combining with the site condition, the dis-
tribution of experience that will provide to the user in the building will be like the picture above,
which the east side area will have the forest experience that focusing on hearing and smell senses.
The west area, where the lake located, will having have the view experience to the vision sense.
And the middle area will have the sound and tactile sense to be explored by the user.
Distribution of
Experiences in Building

From the distribution of the experience, come up with the solution how to make the building that
can afford all of that ideas. Which have this results, that the east building area will have the more
close area but with just a small opening to let the sound and the smell come in to the the building.
And then the middle area will having the semi open area, to let the wind and sound come in to the
buiding. The last one big opening of the west area to enjoy the view to the lake.
Distribution of
Experiences in Building

To responds to the climate or the sun light, there will be addition of the building, which is the roof,
as the shelter for the building, to cover people from direct sunlight. But the special open area in
the east side, will have the opening to let the sunrise come in to the building. To create the ray of
light experience.
Distribution of
Experiences in Building

This is how the building will be, after the analysis of experience, the distribution of the experience,
and how to deal with that distribution.
Distribution of
Experiences in Building

This is the combination of the result of experience analysis and sun light analysis. Which create the
shape of the building and how the light will come inside the building.
Building Design
Scene Experience

This is the design scene experience that the user will have. Which they started to walk surrounded
by the trees in the more dark, and closed ambience, and then they will take the stairs up inside the
building ans slowly started to see the lights, and when they come up to the balcony, they finally
can see the view of the lake and the whole area of Telaga Batu Arang.
 2nd design development
Analysis all the experiences of nature to all of the build-
ings, from the resort unit to the public buildings.
Resort Unit
Floor Plan
RESORT UNIT PLAN (ALTERNATIVE 1) RESORT UNIT PLAN (ALTERNATIVE 2)

This is the floor plan that based on the design scene experience. Which they started to walk sur-
rounded by the trees in the more dark, and closed ambience, and then they will take the stairs up
inside the building and slowly started to see the lights when they open the door, and when they
come up to the balcony, they finally can see the view of the lake and the whole site area.
 Multipurpose Hall
Floor Plan Analysis

This multipurpose hall floor plan

having the similiar design scene with
the unit, which it have the continous
from dark to slowly bright ambience
inside the building.

The experience of this mul-

tipurpose hall is focusing a
lot on the view to the lake
and whole entire area, but
also still having the experi-
ences of forest and wind.

The distribution of how the facade

of the building affects the experi-
ence for the user inside the build-
ing also similiar to what the resort
unit have, but more bigger for the
view experience.
 Multipurpose Hall
Floor Plan Analysis
Having particularly the same experience
which have the design scene in each of
the building, but more focusing on the
arrangement of the table, which having
more crowded area on the back so the
view will not blocked by the people in the
front area.

The experience of this

restaurant also focusing a
lot on the view to the lake
and whole entire area, but
also still having the experi-
ences of forest and wind.

The distribution of how the facade

of the building affects the experi-
ence for the user inside the build-
ing also similiar to what the resort
unit have, but more bigger for the
view experience.
 3rd design development
Re-arrange the building to responds the climate.
New site planning.
Building Shape respond
to Climate Analysis

The previous building ideas come up not really suitable with the climate condition of the area.
Which the rain can come into the building and it will be bothering the user. So the further analysis
taken, and the new building shape created. With more closed facade and glass for the opening.
 Building Floor Plan
respond to Climate
Analysis

The floor plan also changed due to this comprehensive analysis on climate. This building is sup-
posed to not using artificial air conditioning, so the cross ventilation is really important to be
achieve so the building will become comfortable enough to be used.
New Site Planning
Analysis

The new plotting of the site also been done to achieve all of the needs and experience in this area.
Which by decreasing the number of the unit from 70 to 20, to achieve more nature experience and
also to make sure all of unit can have the same experience.
And also new arrangement of the other building function so all of it can be easily access to all of
the user.
The plotting and the location of the site will be looks like this two picture. Which all of it facing
through the lake as the main view and still surrounded by the trees to give the natural ambience
and experiences in this resort.
Final design
Building Shape respond
to Climate Analysis

The final analysis for the building, which added more shade to protect the user from the rain and
the direct sunlight in the midday time, which uncomfortable for human.
Final Building Form
and Floor Plan

And then come up this new and final building

form, having the A framed cabin unit, which
also having the access to cross ventilation and
balcony to experienced the view to the lake.
Morning Light
Experience inside the Building

The ideas of ray of light that people can experience in the morning will be provided in the bedroom
area. The opening to let the light come in located 45 degree from human sleeping body so the
lights can be enjoyed by people while they are lying down on the bed.
The opening facing to the east side where the morning sun light rising.
Sunset and Lake View
Experience

As the main attrac-

tion of the area, the
big lake also being
the most valuable as-
pects that the resort
must have the spaces
for people to enjoy-
ing the view, feel the
breezes and hear the
sound of water from
the lake. The build-
ing have the balcony
that having the free
view to the whole
area where the user
can experienced it.
Public Building
Experience and Ambience
The natural experience
and ambience is the
main ideas on this re-
sort design. Which ev-
ery spaces, every room,
every building must have
the natural ambience
that people can experi-
enced it.
Every building, every
function must be engag-
ing people to appreciate
the nature and having
the time enjoying nature
in the warm also fresh
feelings.
Not to mention also ev-
ery spaces or room have
different function and
ambience to achieve.
The differenciation of
how the warm and cozy
feelings in the restaurant
and the more sacred and
wisdom by let the natu-
ral lights come in to the
building to create all of
that ambience and expe-
rience.
The building and the nature blended in to make the harmony between building and natural ele-
ments. The building side by side with the surrounding nature, giving the experience to living inside
the natural area where the interaction and appreciation from human to nature will be improved.
Conclusions and
Design Results
The aim of this design is to providing the places where people can enjoying the nature closely, by expe-
riencing every elements of nature, from day to day again. From sunrise, sunset, and sunrise again. From
the sound of the lake water to the sound of crickets in the forest at night.

By analyzing the site location, all potentials and also some consideration on the climates, the topogra-
phy condition, the plotting of the building, etc. this design finally finished and come up with providing
the best solution and experience for the future user.

The final building design, is the answer of the aim and the problems of all considerations and needs for
the user. The experience and appreciation to the nature is the main things in this design. Which already
achieved in this resort design.
Final design evaluation
Design based on
Climate Analysis

The data of the climate of the area can be seen

on these picture. Where the elevation is 23,44
with 293,89 azimuth. And the data of the wind
for this area is, the wind tends to have high veloc-
ity from the west to the north side. Also there are
also the strong enough wind from south side.
 Design based on
Climate Analysis
From the climate data of the site and also
with the consideration of the experience for
the user, the building form and facade has
been made. The choosen of A frame as the
roof of the building is because the area is
the tropical area which having high number
of precipitation and rain. So the rain water
will falling through the roof surface and re-
duce the possibility of leakage.

Building Form to Rain Water

And also considering user’s comfort, not only safe from the rain water, the air in the building also must be cool
enough since the building will not use the air conditioning. So the arrangement of the window in building is
important to achieve the cross ventilation so the air circulation in the building will be in a good flow, so the air
will still be cool even though the building not use air conditioner. The location of the window also considering
the source of the wind, which is mostly from the south, west to the north.
 Design Experience with
Climate Analysis
East Side

shading

glass

The experience of this area is having 2 different type of experience. Which the east side having forest surrounded experience,
while the west side having the view experience of the lake. The east side area, which having the experience of forest, having
open facade that use wooden block louver to let the wind comes in to the room and for the view, this side have vertical win-
dows that let the light in the morning, that went through the trees trunk and leaf. To responds to the climate data, the big open-
ing in this side will not dazzle the user inside. Since the sun that comes through is the morning sun which relatively unobtrusive.
And to protect the area of louver which semi open to let the wind comes in, the 3 meter height of the louver have glass and the
rest is open to the wind access. And to protect the opening, the roof have 1,9 meter shading.
Design Experience with West Side
6,650
Climate Analysis

shading

shading

1,500

0,100
view to the lake
2,300
15,700

2,200 9,600

2,000 23,000

CONTROL
2,600 4,200 ROOM
6,800
TOILE
(MEN
TOILET
(WOMEN)
To give the experience of view to the lake on this side of the unit, the louver
7,400chosen to be used
as the customized opening which can beopen according to user preferences. It can be open fully
when they want to see the full view of the lake and if the sun too bright it can be close or open in
half.
Resort Unit Plotting
And Arrangement
Each of the unit arranged so all of it can get the
view experience to the lake and whole Telaga
Batu Arang area. The level differenciates of
each unit line so none of unit block by anoth-
er unit. The arrangement of one unit line also
having the zig-zag arrangement so the view for
adjacent unit still have the privacy gap between
each unit. And also there are the trees and oth-
er plantation located between each unit also to
give the natural boundaries to each unit.
 view to the lake
Resort Unit Room
Layout view to the lake

The layout of the unit divided into 2 experienc-

es based on the location of the surrounding
nature. The entrance located on east side of
the building which having the experience of
the forest, the experience user have experi-
ence since their way to the unit. When the user
started to walk to the west side of the building,
the experience slowly change from the shady
forest into bright surrounding with the view
to the lake and the entire area of Telaga Batu
Arang area. The experience of the lake can be
experienced from the bed by looking from the
louver, or by sit and chill in the balcony.

entrance

forest experience, wind and

ray of light
Lesson Learnt from
Defense Evaluation
The things that I learnt from the defense evaluation :

1. Be more clearly to showing all the data and explanation of each problem solving in the de-
sign.
2. Study deeply about the theme of the design to better understanding and to get the best re-
sults that suitable with all of the criteria of the design theme or approach.
3. Pay more attention to each detail of the design, the behaviour of the human as the user, not
just focusing on one particular activity, but thinking about other possibilities that will happen in
the future.
references
A Dwelling in Nature. (2019, November 26). Designdetail.In. http://designdetail.in/a-dwelling-in-nature/

Agnesia, N. (2021). TIPOLOGI BANGUNAN. Retrieved 11 January 2021, from https://nadineagnesiaa.wordpress.

com/2016/10/27/rumah-adat-kalimantan-timur/

Architectural Tours of Geoffrey Bawa Works of Art. (2017, November 9). Transco Travels. https://transcotravels.com.au/
architectural-tours-of-geoffrey-bawa-works-of-art/

Frampton, K. (2007) Modern Architecture: A Critical History. London: Thames & Hudson Lts.

Frampton, K. (2007) Modern Architecture: A Critical History. London: Thames & Hudson Lts.

KPC Bangun Ecotourism di Sangatta Pasca Penutupan Tambang - TopBusiness. (2021). Retrieved 10 January 2021, from
https://www.topbusiness.id/43445/kpc-bangun-ecotourism-di-sangatta-pasca-penutupan-tambang.html

Ksdae, D. (n.d.). Mengenal Flora dan Fauna Taman Nasional Kutai - Ditjen Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Ekosistem.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup Dan Kehutanan. Retrieved February 4, 2021, from http://ksdae.menlhk.go.id/beri-
ta/8638/mengenal-flora-dan-fauna-taman-nasional-kutai.html

Luke Fiederer. “AD Classics: Säynätsalo Town Hall / Alvar Aalto” 09 Mar 2016. ArchDaily. Accessed 18 Feb 2021.
<https://www.archdaily.com/783392/ad-classics-saynatsalo-town-hall-alvar-aalto> ISSN 0719-8884

Lunuganga | Geoffrey Bawa Country Estate. (n.d.). Lunuganga. https://www.lunuganga.com/

Rahman, A. (2017). Sangatta, Kota Tempat Tambang Batu Bara Terbuka Terbesar di Dunia | Ekonomi - Bisnis.com. Re-
trieved 10 January 2021, from https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20170629/44/666775/sangatta-kota-tempat-tam-
bang-batu-bara-terbuka-terbesar-di-dunia

“Seashore Library / Vector Architects” 02 Jun 2015. ArchDaily. Accessed 18 Feb 2021. <https://www.archdaily.
com/638390/seashore-library-vector-architects> ISSN 0719-8884

Top 10 Ways Architecture and Nature Can Harmonize. (n.d.). MLL Design Lab. Retrieved March 4, 2021, from https://
www.mlldesignlab.com/blog/top-10-ways-architecture-nature-can-harmonize
12.1 Plagiarism Check Letter

Direktorat Perpustakaan Universitas Islam

Indonesia Gedung Moh. Hatta
JI. Kaliurang Km 14,5 Yogyakarta 55584
T. (0274) 898444 ext.2301
F. (0274) 898444 psw.2091
E. [email protected]
W. library.uii.ac.id

SURAT KETERANGAN HASIL CEK PLAGIASI

Nomor: 1610866479/Perpus./10/Dir.Perpus/VI/2021

Bismillaahirrahmaanirrahiim

Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Dengan ini, menerangkan Bahwa:
Nama : Nela Dwianti
Nomor Mahasiswa : 17512099
Pembimbing : Dr. Ir. Revianto Budi S, M. Arch
Fakultas / Prodi : Teknik Sipil Dan Perencanaan/ Arsitektur
Judul Karya Ilmiah : Telaga Batu Arang Resorts with the approach to critical regionalism
architecture

Karya ilmiah yang bersangkutan di atas telah melalui proses cek plagiasi menggunakan Turnitin
dengan hasil kemiripan (similarity) sebesar 3 (Tiga) %.

Demikian Surat Keterangan ini dibuat untuk dapat dipergunakan sebagaimana mestinya.

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Yogyakarta, 23 Juni 2021

Direktur

Joko S. Prianto, SIP., M.Hum

12.2 Architectural Presentation Board
12.2 Architectural Presentation Board
12.3 Technical Drawing
INTERNATIONAL UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAM IN ARCHITECTURE