Annual Syllabus (2024-25)
Class – IX
Subject: Mathematics (Code: 041)
Course Structure
Units Unit Name Marks
I Number Systems 10
II Algebra 20
III Coordinate Geometry 04
IV Geometry 27
V Mensuration 13
VI Statistics&Probability 06
Total 80
Internal Assessment 20
Grand Total 100
Chapter 1 : Real Numbers
1. Review of representation of natural numbers, integers and rational numbers on the number line.
Rational numbers as recurring/ terminating decimals. Operations on real numbers.
2. Examples of non-recurring/non-terminating decimals. Existence of non-rational numbers
(irrational numbers) such as √2, √3 and their representation on the number line. Explaining that
every real number is represented by a unique point on the number line and conversely, viz. every point
on the number line represents a unique real number.
3. Definition of nth root of a real number.
4. Rationalization (with precise meaning) of real numbers of the type and (and their
√ √ √
combinations) where x and y are natural number and a and b are integers.
5. Recall of laws of exponents with integral powers. Rational exponents with positive real bases
(to be done by particular cases, allowing learner to arrive at the general laws.)
Chapter 3: Coordinate Geometry
The Cartesian plane, coordinates of a point, names and terms associated with the coordinate plane,
notations
Chapter 4: Linear Equations in Two Variables
Recall of linear equations in one variable. Introduction to the equation in two variables. Focus on
linear equations of the type ax + by + c=0. Explain that a linear equation in two variables has
infinitely many solutions and justify their being written as ordered pairs of real numbers, plotting
them and showing that they lie on a line.
Chapter 5 : Introduction to Euclid’s Geometry
History - Geometry in India and Euclid's geometry. Euclid's method of formalizing observed
phenomenon into rigorous Mathematics with definitions, common/obvious notions,
axioms/postulates and theorems. The five postulates of Euclid. Equivalent versions of the fifth
1
postulate. Showing the relationship between axiom and theorem, for example:
(Axiom) 1. Given two distinct points, there exists one and only one line through them.
(Theorem) 2. (Prove) Two distinct lines cannot have more than one point in common.
Chapter 6: Lines and Angles
1. (Motivate) If a ray stands on a line, then the sum of the two adjacent angles so formed is 1800
and the converse.
2. (Prove) If two lines intersect, vertically opposite angles are equal.
3. (Motivate) Lines which are parallel to a given line are parallel.
Chapter 7: Triangles
1. (Motivate) Two triangles are congruent if any two sides and the included angle of one triangle
is equal to any two sides and the included angle of the other triangle (SAS Congruence).
2. (Prove) Two triangles are congruent if any two angles and the included side of one triangle is
equal to any two angles and the included side of the other triangle (ASA Congruence).
3. (Motivate) Two triangles are congruent if the three sides of one triangle are equal to three sides
of the other triangle (SSS Congruence).
4. (Motivate) Two right triangles are congruent if the hypotenuse and a side of one triangle are
equal (respectively) to the hypotenuse and a side of the other triangle. (RHS Congruence)
5. (Prove) The angles opposite to equal sides of a triangle are equal.
6. (Motivate) The sides opposite to equal angles of a triangle are equal.
Chapter 12: Heron’s Formula
Area of a triangle using Heron's formula (without proof)
The above content is to be completed for Mid Term Examination by 13th September, 2024.
Mental Maths & Maths Lab activities
Revision of syllabus for Mid Term Examination
Mid Term Examination 2024
Chapter 2 : Polynomials
Definition of a polynomial in one variable with examples and counter examples. Coefficients of a
polynomial, terms of a polynomial and zero polynomial. Degree of a polynomial. Constant, linear,
quadratic and cubic polynomials. Monomials, binomials, trinomials.
Factors and multiples. Zeroes of a polynomial.
Motivate and State the Remainder Theorem with examples.
Statement and proof of the Factor Theorem.
Factorization of ax2 + bx + c, a ≠ 0 where a, b and c are real numbers and of cubic polynomials
using the Factor Theorem.
Recall of algebraic expressions and identities. Verification of identities:
(x + y + z )2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2xy + 2yz + 2zx
(x ± y)3 = x3 ± y3 ± 3xy(x ± y)
2
x3 ± y3 = (x ± y)(x2∓xy + y2)
x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = (x + y + z) (x2 + y2 + z2 – xy – yz – zx)
and their use in factorization of polynomials.
Chapter 8: Quadrilaterals
1. (Prove) The diagonal divides a parallelogram into two congruent triangles.
2. (Motivate) In a parallelogram opposite sides are equal, and conversely.
3. (Motivate) In a parallelogram opposite angles are equal, and conversely.
4. (Motivate) A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if a pair of its opposite sides is parallel and equal.
5. (Motivate) In a parallelogram, the diagonals bisect each other and conversely.
6. (Motivate) In a triangle, the line segment joining the mid points of any two sides is parallel to the
third side and is half of it and (motivate) its converse.
Chapter 10: Circles
1. (Prove) Equal chords of a circle subtend equal angles at the centre and (motivate) its converse.
2. (Motivate) The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord and
conversely, the line drawn through the centre of a circle to bisect a chord is
perpendicular to the chord.
3. (Motivate) Equal chords of a circle (or of congruent circles) are equidistant from the centre (or
their respective centre) and conversely.
4. (Prove) The angle subtended by an arc at the centre is double the angle subtended by it at any
point on the remaining part of the circle.
5. (Motivate) Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.
6. (Motivate) If a line segment joining two points subtends two equal angles at two other points
lying on the same side of the line containing the segments, the four points lie on a circle.
7. (Motivate) The sum of either of the pair of the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral is 180°
and its converse.
Chapter 13: Surface Areas and Volumes
Surface areas and volumes of spheres (including hemispheres) and right circular cones.
Chapter 14: Statistics
Bar graphs, histograms (with varying base lengths) and frequency polygons
The whole syllabus is to be completed for Annual Examination by 31st January, 2025.
Mental Maths & Maths Lab activities
Revision of syllabus for Annual Examination
The annual examination will comprise the whole syllabus.
Annual Examination 2025
