Rainfed Agriculture and Watershed Management

MCQ
1. Alley cropping is also known as---- 6. Moisture Index (Im) value of -66.7
a. Hedgerow intercropping to -33.3 is for
b. Avenue cropping 4 a. Arid
c. a &b b. Semi arid
d. None c. Humid region
d. Per humid
Ans: (c)
Ans: (b)
2. Cultivation of crops in regions with
annual rainfall less than 750 mm is 7. ICRISAT classified the Semi-arid
called as tropics (SAT areas) in India by
a. Rainfed farming adopting
b. Dry farming a. Trolls classification
c. Dryland farming b. Koppen’s classification
d. None c. Hargreaves classification
d. Thornthwaite classification
Ans: (b)
Ans: (a)
3. Length of growing period between
75 and 120 days present for 8. Moisture availability index was given
a. Rainfed farming by?
b. Dry farming a. Trolls
c. Dryland farming b. Koppen’s
d. None c. Hargreaves
d. Thornthwaite
Ans: (c)
Ans: (c)
4. Dryland Agriculture occupies-------
--------% of cultivated area 9. 1st dry land research station was
a. 60 started in the year
b. 40 a. 1920
c. 75 b. 1923
d. 50 c. 1926
d. 1945
Ans: (a)
Ans: (b)
5. Temporary moisture less condition
10. ICRISAT was established in the year
in soil is called as------
a. Drought a. 1972
b. Famine b. 1985
c. Aridity c. 1974
d. Dry spell d. 1982

Ans: (a) Ans: (a)

11. Prolonged meterological drought is 16. Organic matter content in most of
called as the soils under dryland conditions
a. Agricultural drought is
b. Atmospheric drought a. < 1%
c. Hydrological drought b. >1%
d. Relative drought c. 0.5%
d. None
Ans: (c)
Answer: (a)
12. The kind of drought where crops are
unable to absorb water from soil 17. In India nearly--------m.ha of land is
even when water is available, due to subjected to different land
the high osmotic pressure of soil degradations.
solution is referred as--------. a. 185
a. Atmospheric drought b. 145
b. Agricultural drought c. 175
c. Apparent drought d. 165
d. Physiological drought Ans: (c)
Ans: (d) 18. Presence of deep cracks is seen in--
13. Planting pattern should always be ---soils
followed under dryland conditions a. Red
b. Sandy
is
c. Clay
a. Rectangular type
d. Sandy loamy
b. Square type
c. Circular Ans: ( c)
d. Hexagonal
19. Drought is a situation when the
Ans: (a) actual seasonal rainfall is deficient
14. Management practices done in the by more than twice the mean
standing crop to overcome the deviation given by
a. Troll
unfavourable soil moisture
b. Ramdas
conditions due to prolonged dry
c. Thornthwaite
spells are known as ?
d. Kanitkar
a. Mid season correction
Ans: ( b)
b. Mid season drainage
20. Severe form of drought is known as
c. Contingent crop planning
a. Floods
d. None
b. Famine
Ans: (a) c. Aridity
d. Dry spell
15. 1st KVK initiated in the year
Ans: ( b)
a. 1974
21. Abnormal failure of rainfall is
b. 1972
known as
c. 1976
a. Permanent drought
d. 1985
b. Seasonal drought
Ans: (a) c. Contingent drought
d. Meteorological drought
 Ans: ( c) 28. To release controlled flow of water the
22. when plants show wilting gates opened in dams are called as
symptoms during the hot part of the a. Spillways
day when transpiration exceeds b. Sluice
absorption temporarily for a short c. Flap gate
period called as – d. Stop gates
a. Physiological drought Ans: ( b)
b. Mid day depression 29. Generally the size of farm pond is
c. Ultimate wilting point a. 100-300m3
d. Atmospheric drought b. 300-400 m3
Ans: ( b) c. 100-150 m3
23. Terminal drought also known as--- d. 400-500 m3
a. Mid season drought Ans: ( a)
b. Late season drought 30. Multi-K contains
c. Early season drought a. 13-0-45 NPK
d. None b. 20-20-20 NPK
Ans: ( b) c. 35-0-30 NPK
24. ------------- type of drought is due to d. 40-40-40 NPK
low air humidity and frequently Ans: ( a)
accompanied by hot dry winds. 31. Milli watershed have the size of
a. Permanent drought a. >50,000 ha
b. Seasonal drought b. 10,000- 50,000 ha
c. Contingent drought c. 1000-10,000 ha
d. Meteorological drought d. 1-100 ha
Ans: ( d) Ans: ( c)
25. Amino acid accumulated under 32. Contour bunds are followed in rainfall
moisture stress conditions is---- of—
a. Betain a. <600mm
b. Proline b. >600 mm
c. Gibberellic acid c. >800 mm
d. Cysteine d. None
Ans: ( b) Ans: ( a)
26. ------- acts as water deficit sensor to 33. Agri-silvi-pastoral system means
minimize the loss of tissue water
a. Crops+ trees+ grasses
potential
a. Abscisic acid b. Crops+ trees + Fruit trees
b. Gibberellic acid c. Crops + Grasses + Animals
c. Ethylene
d. IAA d. Grasses + Crops + Trees
Ans: ( a) Ans: ( a)
27. Due to drought, leaf sucrose content 34. Arable crops cultivation is possible in
a. Decreases which Land Use Classification
b. Increases a. I-IV
c. Remains constant b. V-VIII
d. Both a & b c. None
Ans: ( a) d. IV – VIII
Ans: ( a)
 35. Watersheds were cultivated in the 3. CAZRI : Central Arid Zone
land classification of---- Research Institute, Jodhpur
a. V 4. CGWB : Central Ground Water
b. I Board, New Delhi
c. VI
5. CIAE : Central Institute of
d. VIII
Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal
Ans. (d) 6. CIDA : Canadian International
Development Agency
36. The following class of soils have no
7. CRIDA : Central Research Institute
limitation on the type of crops
for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad
grown
8. CSWCRTI : Central Soil and Water
a) class I
Conservation Research and
b) class VIII
Training Institute, Dehradun
c) class II
9. DDP : Desert Development
d) a&b
Programme
Ans. (a) 10. EGP : Effective Growing Period
11. GIS : Geographical Information
37. The following chemicals fill pores System
and make soil repellent to water 12. ICARDA : International Centre for
a) latexes Agriculture Research on Dry Areas,
b) asphalt Aleppo, Syria
c) a &b 13. ICRAF : International Centre for
d) none of these Research on Agroforestry, Nairobi,
Ans. (c) Kenya
14. ICRISAT : International Crops
38. Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Research Institute for Semi-Arid
has found to influence yield of Tropics, Hyderabad
several crops by Increasing the 15. IGFRI : Indian Grassland and
uptake Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi
a) N 16. IWDP : Integrated Watershed
b) P Development Project
c) N&P 17. LCC : Land Capability Class
d) NP&K 18. NBSS & LUP : National Bureau of
Soil Survey and Land Use Planning,
Ans. (b)
Nagpur
19. NRCAF : National Research Centre
for Agroforestry, Jhansi
ABBREVIATIONS
20. NRSA : National Remote Sensing
1. AICRPDA : All India Coordinated Agency, Hyderabad
Research Project on Dryland 21. NWDB : National Wasteland
Agriculture, Hyderabad Development Board, New Delhi
2. AISSLUP : All India Soil Survey 22. NWDPRA : National Watershed
and Land Use Planning, New Delhi Development Programme for
Rainfed Areas
23. UNDP : United Nations 48. The condition of deficiency of water
Development programme due to either insufficient
24. USDA : United States Department precipitation or excess water loss
of Agriculture over supply is termed as Aridity.
49. ICRISAT classified the Semi-arid
tropics (SAT areas) in India by
adopting Troll’s classification.
50. ICAR while establishing the
dryland centers in different agro-
climatic zones of the country used
Fill in the blanks:
the formula of Thornthwaite.
51. Total area under arid and semiarid
39. Dry farming areas are basically arid
regions in India extends over 135.8
regions with a growing season
million hectares.
(period of adequate soil moisture)
52. Systematic research work was
less than 75 days.
started only from 1923 with the start
40. Cultivation of crops in regions with
of Research Centre at Manjri near
annual rainfall more than 750 mm is
Pune, in Bombay province by V.A.
termed as Dryland farming.
Tamhane.
41. Dryland farming areas are semi arid
53. During 1970, ICAR started All
tracts with a growing period
India Coordinated Research Project
between 75 and 120 days.
on Dryland Agriculture at 23
42. Crop production in regions with
locations spread all over India.
annual rainfall more than 1150 mm
54. Choose and furnish the year against
is termed as Rainfed farming.
the following events (1923, 1972,
43. Rainfed farming areas are humid
1985, 1970, 1986)
regions with growing period more
55. 1923 Establishing Dryland
than 120 days.
Research Station at Manjri (Pune)
44. The contribution (production) of
by Tamhane
rainfed agriculture in India is about
56. 1972- Establishment of ICRISAT
42 per cent of the total food grain,
57. 1985 Birth of Central Research
75 per cent of oilseeds, 90 per cent
Institute for Dryland Agriculture at
of pulses and about 70 per cent of
Hyderabad
cotton.
58. 1970 Research Centres established
45. Even after providing all the
under AICRPDA in 23 locations
irrigation potential in India 55 per
59. 1986 Launching of NWDPRA
cent area remains as rainfed.
programmes by Government of
46. Globally the area under drylands is
India in 15 states.
about 6150 m.ha.
60. The average annual rainfall of India
47. In India out of the total cultivated
is 1192 mm where as in Andhra
area of 143 m.ha the area under
Pradesh it is 890 mm.
drylands is about 85 m.ha, which
61. More than one third of total
comes to 60%.
geographical area in India receive
rainfall less than 750 mm
62. Most of the dry land soils are crop of the region due to aberrant
deficient in nitrogen and zinc. weather conditions.
63. Soil crust hinders the emergence of 75. Soil mulch is a thin layer of loose
seedlings. soil surface that can be created by
64. Prolonged meteorological drought frequently stirring the soil with
results in hydrological drought. surface tillage implements like
65. The kind of drought where crops are danthis, guntakas (blade harrows)
unable to absorb water from soil etc.,
even when water is available, due to 76. Among the different mulches soil
the high osmotic pressure of soil mulch is the cheapest.
solution is referred to as 77. Plastic mulches are very effective as
Physiological drought. mulches for evaporation control
66. The plant population should be provided cost is not a limiting
lesser in dryland conditions than factor.
under irrigated conditions. 78. Black plastic mulches will absorb
67. The rectangular type of planting the solar radiation and enhance the
pattern should always be followed soil temperature for hastening the
under dryland conditions. germination of winter crops like
68. The contingent management wheat; barley etc.,
practices done in the standing crop 79. Vertical mulching is very effective
to overcome the unfavourable soil in black soils.
moisture conditions due to 80. Mulches will reduce soil salinity
prolonged dry spells are known as problem by increasing infiltration
mid season conditions. and reducing evaporation.
69. The collection of runoff water 81. The process of runoff collection
during peak periods of rainfall and during periods of peak rainfall in
storing in different structures is storage tanks, ponds etc., is known
known as water harvesting. as water harvesting.
70. A line joining the points of equal 82. Collecting and storing water for
elevation is called contour. subsequent use is known as water
71. In general a single crop is being harvesting.
taken in dry farming areas where the
annual rainfall is below 500 mm.
72. In areas where the annual rainfall is
in the range of 600-850 mm,
intercropping is being
recommended and practiced.
73. Double cropping either by
sequential cropping or relay
cropping is possible in places with
high rainfall of > 900 mm.
74. Contingency cropping refers to
growing of a suitable crop in place
of normally sown highly profitable