SAN FRANCISCO HIGH SCHOOL

EXPLORING THE INFLUENCE OF EXTRA CURRICULAR

A Research Paper
Presented to the Faculty of
Senior High School Department
San Francisco High School

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the subject
Research in Daily Life 1

By

Bayog, John Lester F.

May 21, 2024

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CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter reveals the methods or research to be employed by the

researcher in conducting the study which includes the research design, population of

the study, research instruments and its development establishing its validity and

reliability, data gathering procedures, and the appropriate statistical treatment of data.

Research Design

The objective of this study is therefore to determine the impact of

extracurricular activities on students’ academic performance in relation to aspects of

Accountancy, Business and Management (ABM). This is a case study research

design. In addition, case studies allow for an exhaustive examination of specific

circumstances and experiences of ABM students so as to understand how they

participate in non-academic activities affect their academics. The data collection

method will include interviews, observations and academic records in order to identify

trends and issues that could lead to increased grades by integrating extracurricular

activities efficiently.

The researchers conducted a case study to determine the

impact of extracurricular activities on the academic performance of students in the

Accountancy, Business, and Management (ABM) strand. The researchers employed a

qualitative research design, specifically using the case study approach. Data were

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collected through interviews, observations, and academic records to thoroughly

examine the specific circumstances and experiences of ABM students participating in

extracurricular activities. The researchers aimed to gain a comprehensive

understanding of how participation in non-academic activities affects the academic

performance of ABM students. By identifying trends and issues, we sought to inform

strategies that could enhance academic outcomes through the efficient integration of

extracurricular activities.

The case study research design was chosen for this study

because it allows for an in-depth and comprehensive examination of the specific

circumstances and experiences of ABM students. Unlike other research methods,

case studies provide the flexibility to explore complex phenomena within their real-life

context, which is essential for understanding how extracurricular activities influence

academic performance. This approach enables the collection of rich, detailed data

through multiple sources such as interviews, observations, and academic records,

ensuring a holistic understanding of the subject matter. By focusing on the unique

experiences of ABM students, the case study method facilitates the identification of

nuanced trends and issues that might not be evident through broader quantitative

approaches. This depth of insight is crucial for developing informed strategies to

enhance academic outcomes by effectively integrating extracurricular activities. Thus,

the case study design is particularly suited to this research as it supports a thorough

exploration of the multifaceted interactions between extracurricular participation and

academic performance.

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Research Locale

In this study, the population consists of ABM (Accountancy, Business,

and Management) students who are enrolled of the Senior High School Program at

San Francisco High School. The selection of this population was purposively made

because it helped in focusing on understanding the impact of extracurricular activities

on academic performance of these particular students.

Population & Sample

A non-probability technique for selecting the sample, namely, a

purposive sampling method will use to draw the sample from this population. The

researchers will be using the technique so that as the participants were the ones to

join various extracurricular activities, therefore, it was important that participants were

actively involved in extracurricular activities since their experiences and insights are

significant for the study's objectives. The sample selection covers equally the genders,

the students’ academic caliber and the extra-curricular activities involving sports, art,

academic clubs and community service. To ensure this, in unit used for this study,

there was a healthy spread of students taking part in a wide variety of extracurricular

activity which allows a detailed observation in the relationship of participation to the

overall academic performance of ABM students. The method that the researchers will

use to collect primary data in the research was semi-structured interviews in which the

interviewees were given the freedom to talk about their personal experiences and

personal beliefs on how the extracurricular activities affected their overall academic

performance or achievements.

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SLOVIN’S FORMULA

N
n= 2
1+ Ne

Where:

N= total no.of ABM Students in a San Francisco High School

e= margin of error (0.05)

Given:

Population size – 576

Margin of error – 5% or 0.05

Solution:

N
n= 2
1+ Ne

576
¿ 2
1+ 576(0.05)

576
¿
2.44

n=236.065

The total population of grade 11 and grade 12 ABM students

which was 576 and allotted 5% for the margin of error, after the summation of

the total population the researcher then used the Slovin's formula to solve for

the total sample size which the result was 236 , after getting the total sample

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size the researchers then used the Respondent Sample Size(RPS) divided by

the total population multiplied by the total sample size method to find the

sample size for every respondents and that is how the researcher get 118

sample size for grade 11 ABM students and 118 sample size for grade 12 ABM

students.

Research Instrument

In this study, semi-structured interviews will be employed as the

primary research instrument to explore the influence of extracurricular activities on the

academic performance of ABM (Accountancy, Business, and Management) students.

The interviews will be conducted with a purposive sample of ABM students, ensuring a

diverse representation in terms of gender, age, and the types of extracurricular

activities in which they participate. The interview guide will include open-ended

questions designed to elicit detailed responses about the students' involvement in

extracurricular activities, the time commitment required, their motivations for

participating, and their perceptions of how these activities impact their academic

performance. Additionally, interviews will be conducted with selected teachers and

academic advisors to gain insights into their observations and opinions on the

relationship between students' extracurricular engagements and academic outcomes.

The data collected from these interviews will be transcribed and subjected to thematic

analysis to identify common patterns and themes that provide a deeper understanding

of the influence of extracurricular activities on academic performance.

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Sampling Techniques

In this study, the Purposive Sampling Technique was employed

to select participants from San Francisco High School considering how student explore

the extracurricular activities on the academic performance of ABM student.

Collaborating with teachers, the researcher identified varying levels of academic

achievement across different strand that have leadership experience or extracurricular

activities. Based on this insight, students were selected on purpose by sections, to

ensure representation and alignment with extracurricular activities. This approach

enhanced the study's validity by ensuring that the selected participants reflected the

diversity of academic performance and extracurricular activities. By purposive the

sample based on relevant characteristics, researchers can reduce sampling variability

and increase the precision of estimates. This method allow for more specific students

that have this skills, enhancing the study's analytical capabilities.

Data Gathering Procedure

In this part of the research, the researchers developed

questionnaires to investigate the influence of extracurricular activities on the academic

performance of ABM (Accountancy, Business, and Management) students. These

questionnaires were designed to gather comprehensive data on various aspects of

students' involvement in extracurricular activities, such as the type and frequency of

activities, the time dedicated to them, and students' perceptions of how these activities

impact their academic performance. After finalizing the questionnaires, the researchers

conducted an online interview with ABM students participating in extracurricular

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activities at San Francisco High School. This online interview aimed to delve deeper

into the students' experiences and perspectives, providing qualitative data to

complement the quantitative data gathered from the questionnaires. The results from

both the questionnaires and the online interviews were meticulously recorded and

analyzed using appropriate statistical procedures. Descriptive statistics, such as

means and standard deviations, were calculated to summarize the data, while

inferential statistics, including correlation and regression analyses, were employed to

examine the relationships between extracurricular activities and academic

performance. This mixed-method approach allowed the researchers to obtain a holistic

understanding of how extracurricular activities influence the academic outcomes of

ABM students at San Francisco High School. The findings revealed significant patterns

and trends, providing valuable insights into the potential benefits and drawbacks of

extracurricular involvement, and guiding recommendations for students, educators,

and policymakers on balancing academic and extracurricular pursuits to enhance

student success.

Statistical Tools and Treatment of Data

The following statistical procedures were used to interpret the

data gathered from the respondents of the study.

1. Descriptive statistics- These summarize the characteristics of the sample, such as

mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and range, providing a snapshot of the data.

 Mean (Average): Total hours spent on extracurricular activities divided by the

number of students participating.

Formula:

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 Mode: The extracurricular activity with the highest frequency or the one most

commonly participated in by students.

 Range of Study Time: Difference between the maximum and minimum study time.

Formula:

To answer partially the statement of the problem no.3 (How does the amount of time

and effort put into extracurricular activities impact the academic performance of ABM

students?)

2. Percentage - Was utilized to determine the quantitative relations for the whole

respondents as shown below: (weighted mean formula) Where: (symbols and

definition)

To answer partially the statement of the problem no.4 (What do ABM students think

about the role of extracurricular activities in their academic performance?)

Formula

f
%= × 100
p

Where:

%= Percentage

f = Frequency

N= total number of respondents

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To answer partially the statement of the problem no.2 (What are the things that can

make the relationship between extracurricular activities and academic performance

stronger or weaker?)

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