BS Information Technology I Masters in Information Technology

Instructor I
Teaching: Drawing 2D / 3D CAD
Microprocessor and Microcontrollers
Computer System Servicing

DON MARIANO MARCOS MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY MID-LA UNION CAMPUS

BS ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT I COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

INSTRUCTOR: Michelle G. Cabutotan

AUTOCAD FUNDAMENTAL 2D & 3D

Sketching / Drawing Converted to 3D

Converted to 2D
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DON MARIANO MARCOS MEMORIAL STATE UNIVERSITY MID-LA UNION CAMPUS
BS ELECTROMECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY DEPARTMENT I COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
INSTRUCTOR: Michelle G. Cabutotan
Lesson 1 – Introduction to Autocad
Lesson 2 – Autocad interface and basic commands
Lesson 3 – Introduction to Autocad 3d commands
Lesson 4 – Working in 3dimensions (x, y, z axez, 3d rotation)

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• AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Drafting and Design)
• software application for 2D and 3D design and drafting.
• Developed and sold by Autodesk, Inc.
• Initially released in late 1982.
• Developed by Autodesk Inc. USA., the fourth largest software development
company in the world.
• Autodesk provides CAD solutions to mechanical, civil, electrical, architecture,
engineering, construction, mapping, visualization segments etc.
• Autodesk serves more than 6 million customers in over 160 countries.

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Michael Riddle
• - 1979 – Interact CAD
• - Language used –SPL
• - Software runs on marine chip 9900

John Walker
• - 1982 – Autodesk - 1st version AutoCAD
• - Language used - .NET, JS, VBA. AutoLisp and Visual Lisp

WHAT IS CAD?
• CAD is a concept of using CAD software for Different Level of a Design

Concepts: 5
• CAD – Computer Aided Drafting
• CAM – Computer Aided Manufacturing
FIELD OF APPLICATION
• CIVIL – AutoCAD, REVIT, 3D-Civil, Stadd pto
• ARCHITECTURE – AutoCAD, 3Dsmax
• MECHANICAL – AutoCAD, pro/E, Solid Works
• ELECTRICAL – AutoCAD Elect, E-plan, Mat lab
• ELECTRONICS – AutoCAD, Spice, PLC Design, NSE

WHY AUTOCAD?

 Highly Accurate  Time Saver

 User friendly  Unlimited Drawing Area

 Link to other Application 6

WHAT YOU CAN DO WITH AUTOCAD

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• Drawing Window
Large area where you draw, edit and create objects, sketches, drafts etc.
• Application Menu
Its purpose is to supply a common housing for window and specific menus which provide access to such
functions as opening, saving and others.
• Quick Access Toolbar
Store commands that you frequently access in AUTOCAD.
• Ribbon
Maximize the area available for work using a compact interface that contains many of same tools and
controls available in toolbars and dialog boxes.
• Viewport Controls
It displays multiple views of the same drawing, each with different visual style. Add or remove viewports
using VPORTS command
• File Tab/s
It displays active projects in tabs 10
• Properties palettes
It displays the properties of the selected objects in the drawing window
• View Cube
Display visual feedback of current orientation of a model, adjust a model’s viewport, restore the previous
view, and scroll through the navigation history.
• Project Window
Create and edit the actual building and documentation, create elements, constructs, model views, detail
views, section views, sheets.
• Tool Palettes
Organize, share and place tools that are dragged from your drawing onto tool palette
• Application Status Bar
View the coordinate values of cursor, turning drawing tools on and off
• Command Window
Execute a command by entering the full command name or command alias at command prompt.
• Drawing window Status bar
Shows the current display configuration and drawing scale
• Navigation bar 11

It is used for user interface element where you can access both unified and product-specific navigation
tools.
• AutoCAD project file type is .dwg (drawing)

• John Walker and 12 other programmers pool USD 59K to start Autodesk (AUTOCAD)

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DESIGN
• A design is a plan or specification for the construction of an object or system or for the
implementation of an activity or process, or the result of that plan or specification in the form of
a prototype, product or process.

• The verb to design expresses the process of developing a design. In some cases, the direct
construction of an object without an explicit prior plan (such as in craftwork, some engineering, coding,
and graphic design) may also be considered to be a design activity.

• The design usually has to satisfy certain goals and constraints; may take into account aesthetic,
functional, economic, or socio-political considerations; and is expected to interact with a
certain environment.

• Typical examples of designs include architectural blueprints, engineering drawings, business

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processes, circuit diagrams, and sewing patterns.
• Are the components or part which can be isolated & defined in any visual design or work of art
they structure and carry the work.

• Basic elements of design

Following are the 7 basic elements of design which are common throughout the field designing.
• Point / Mark
• Line
• Shape
• Forms
• Space
• Color
• Texture
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Point (Mark)
• A point or mark is the smallest and most basic element. It can vary in size, value, regularity or
irregularity, and can be used alone as a unit in a group.
• Marks can be used to form a value or pattern (placed close together forms a darker value, further apart
forms a lighter value), or to delineate space (larger means closer, etc.)

Line
• A line is a form with width and length, but no depth.
• Artist use lines to create edges, the outlines of objects. The direction of a line can convey mood.
Broadly lines can be categorized into three types
• 1. Horizontal
• 2. Vertical
• 3. Diagonal
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• Example of Horizontal Lines
• Horizontal lines are calm and quiet. Example of Vertical Lines
Vertical lines suggest more of a
Example of Diagonal Lines
potential for movement.
Diagonal lines strongly suggest
movements and give more of a
feeling of vitality to a picture.

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 Defined as an area that stands out from the space next to or around it due to a defined or implied
boundary, or because of differences of value, color, or texture.

A shape is formed when a line encloses an area.

Shapes have two dimensions, length and width and can be geometric or free-form.

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Describes volumes and mass, or the 3D aspects of objects that take up space.

Forms can and should be viewed from any angles.

For example: When you hold a baseball, or a small sculpture, you are aware of their
curves, angles, indentations, & edges i.e. their forms.

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 is a 3D volume that can be empty or filled with objects. It has width, height, and depth.

Space that appears three- dimensional in a 2D painting is an illusion that creates a feeling of
actual depth.

Several techniques can be used to show such visual depth or space, for example, overlapping,
linear perspective, etc..

Example for Overlapping

Other Examples Detail (aerial or atmospheric perspective)
Linear perspective (converging lines)
• has three properties.
• The first is hue, which is the name of the colors. -
• the primary hue are Yellow, Red, and Blue. –
• secondary colors are made by mixing two primaries. –
• intermediate colors are mixtures of a primary & adjacent secondary color.
• The second property is Value, which refers to the lightness or darkness of hue.  The third
property is Intensity, which refers to the purity of the hue also known as “Chroma”.

Examples Color Wheel Value Scale

refers to the surface quality, both simulated and actual, of artwork.
• Meaning “The Principles of Design are the artistic guidelines used to organize or arrange
the structural elements of design.”

• Basic Principles of Designing

Following are the six basic principles of effective design which are common
throughout the field of designing (i.e. from print design to lithography, typography, &
industrial design).
• 1. Balance
• 2. Contrast
• 3. Emphasis
• 4. Pattern
• 5. Rhythm/Movement

• 6. Unity
• refers to the appropriate arrangement of objects in a design to create the impression of
equality in weight or importance. Balance provides stability and structure to a design. Balance
may be symmetrical and asymmetrical, but the goal should be to achieve equilibrium.

• Symmetrical Balance can be described as having equal “weight” on equal sides of a centrally
placed fulcrum. It is also known as formal balance.

• Asymmetrical Balance is more complex and difficult top envisage (predict). It involves
placement of objects in a way that will allow objects of varying visual weight to balance one
another around a fulcrum point. It is also known as informal balance.

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Examples Balance is formal when both sides are symmetrical in terms of arrangement. Balance is informal when
sides are not exactly symmetrical, but the resulting image is still balanced.
 Or movement is regarded as a visual temp or beat. It refers to a regular repetition of elements
to produce the look and feel of a movement.

Rhythm can be achieved through the careful placement of repeated components. It can be
directed for example, along edges & by means of shape and colour.

Rhythm can be categorized Random, Regular, Alternating, Progressive, and Flowing.

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 Emphasis

The term emphasis literally means to give importance.  Emphasis in designing refers to give
special attention to one part of a work of art.  It can be achieved through placement,
contrast, colour, size, repetition, etc.

For example: A dark shape in a light composition

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 Refers to the different elements of design (for example: rough & smooth textures,
dark & light values)in order to highlight their differences or create visual interest , or a
focal point.
Contrast allows us to emphasize or highlight key elements in your design.

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 design simply refers to keeping your design in a certain format.

It is often described as a regular arrangement of alternated or repeated elements

(shapes, lines, colors) or motifs.

For example: One could plan to have curved lines all around a design as a pattern.

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 refers to the arrangement of elements to give the viewer the feeling that all the parts of
the design or piece form a coherent whole i.e. designs must be in harmony in which all sections
of the pattern make other sections feel complete.

It enables the design to be seen as one complete piece of art or design.

Absolute examples of Designing Elements & Principles!!! One can create such
aesthetic piece of art if he strictly adhere to all Elements & Principles of Designing.
Paintings by student of ADMEC

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• Definition of a design concept
• A design concept is the core idea driving the design of a product, explained via a collection
of sketches, images, and a written statement. This helps the designers and, later, the
developers stay on track throughout the creative process, ensuring they bring a product to
market with value to target users.

• Designers
• should aim to understand how each of these design principles actually impact their
work. Studying how other designers have implemented these ideas to structure their own
designs is also an incredibly valuable tool in learning to create better designs.
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 Sketching / Drawing

Converted to 2D Converted to 3D
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AUTOCAD FUNDAMENTAL (2D)

MICHELLE G. CABUTOTAN
Phone:

Email:
[email protected]