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Assgnment 01

The document discusses two statistics problems. The first question calculates the mean and standard deviation of the sum and difference of two measured distances. The second question derives the formula for confidence intervals of population proportions from sample data.

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Emmanuel Namkumbe
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35 views4 pages

Assgnment 01

The document discusses two statistics problems. The first question calculates the mean and standard deviation of the sum and difference of two measured distances. The second question derives the formula for confidence intervals of population proportions from sample data.

Uploaded by

Emmanuel Namkumbe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ARUSHA TECHNICAL COLLEGE

GSU 07401: ENGINEERING STATISTICS

ASSIGNMENT NO: 02

PARTICIPANTS ADM NUMBER

1. B-10-005
2. B-10-010
3. B-10-015
4. B-10-020
5. B-10-025

PROGRAMME: BACHELOR OF CIVIL AND IRRIGATION ENGINEERING

ISTRUCTORS NAME: MR. S. SLAA

DATE OF SUBMISSION JUNE, 201


QUESTION NO. 1
Two distances are measured as 27.3mm and is 15.6mm with standard deviations of
0.16mm and 0.08mm respectively. Determine the mean and standard deviations of:-
The sum and the difference of the distance
Given:
d1 = 27.3 mm δ = 0.16 mm
d1 = 15.6 mm δ = 0.18 mm

Solution:

µ𝑋𝐴 = 27.3𝑚𝑚

µ𝑋𝐵 = 15.6𝑚𝑚

MEAN OF DIFFERENCES ,
µ𝑋𝐴+ 𝑋𝐵 = µ𝑋𝐴 + µ𝑋𝐵
µ𝑋𝐴+ 𝑋𝐵 = 27.3𝑚𝑚 + 15.6𝑚𝑚
µ𝑿𝑨+ 𝑿𝑩 = 𝟒𝟐. 𝟗𝒎𝒎

𝛿𝑠1+𝑠2 = √𝛿12 + 𝛿22

𝛿𝑠1+𝑠2 = √(0.16)2 + (0.08)2

𝜹𝒔𝟏−𝒔𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝒎𝒎

THE DIFFERENCE OF THE DISTANCE


Mean of differences ,
µ𝑋𝐴− 𝑋𝐵 = µ𝑋𝐴 − µ𝑋𝐵
µ𝑋𝐴− 𝑋𝐵 = 27.3𝑚𝑚 − 15.6𝑚𝑚
µ𝑿𝑨− 𝑿𝑩 = 𝟏𝟏. 𝟕𝒎𝒎

𝛿12 𝛿22
𝛿𝑠1−𝑠2 = √ +
𝑁 𝑁

(0.16)2 (0.08)2
𝛿𝑠1−𝑠2 = √ +
1 1
𝜹𝒔𝟏−𝒔𝟐 = 𝟎. 𝟏𝟖𝒎𝒎
QUESTION NO 2:
If P is the observed proportion of successes in a sample of size Ng, show that the
confidence limits for estimating the population proportion of successes “p” at the
level of confidence; determined by Zc are given by:-

𝑍𝑐2 𝑃(1 − 𝑃) 𝑍𝑐2


𝑃 + 2𝑁 ± 𝑍𝑐2 √ +
𝑁 4𝑁 2
𝑝= 2
𝑍
1 + 𝑁𝑐

The formula for the confidence interval for the population proportions p can be
derived as follows
𝑋 − 𝑁𝑝
𝑃 (−𝑍𝑐2 ≤ ≤ 𝑍𝑐2 ) = 1 − 𝛼
√𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑝)
𝑋−𝑝
𝑃 (−𝑍𝑐2 ≤ 𝑁 ≤ 𝑍𝑐2 ) = 1 − 𝛼
√𝑁𝑃(1 − 𝑝)
𝑁
𝑋
−𝑝
𝑃 −𝑍𝑐2 ≤ 𝑁 ≤ 𝑍𝑐2 = 1 − 𝛼
√𝑁𝑝(1 2− 𝑝)
( 𝑁 )
𝑋
𝐵𝑢𝑡 = 𝑃
𝑁

𝑃−𝑝
𝑃 −𝑍𝑐2 ≤ ≤ 𝑍𝑐2 =1−𝛼
√𝑝(1 − 𝑝)
( 𝑁 )

𝑃−𝑝
𝑃 −𝑍𝑐2 ≤ ≤ 𝑍𝑐2 =1−𝛼
√𝑝(1 − 𝑝)
( 𝑁 )

|𝑃 − 𝑝|
𝑃 ≤ 𝑍𝑐2 =1−𝛼
√𝑝(1 − 𝑝)
( 𝑁 )
(𝑃 − 𝑝)2
𝑃( ≤ 𝑍𝑐2 ) = 1 − 𝛼
𝑝(1 − 𝑝)
𝑁
From:
(𝑃 − 𝑝)2
≤ 𝑍𝑐2
𝑝(1 − 𝑝)
𝑁
𝑝(1 − 𝑝)
(𝑃 − 𝑝)2 ≤ 𝑍𝑐2
𝑁
𝑝 𝑍𝑐2 𝑝2 𝑍𝑐2
𝑃2 − 2𝑃𝑝 + 𝑝2 − + ≤ 0 From this equation the quadratic equation is
𝑁 𝑁
developed.

𝑍𝑐2 2 𝑍𝑐2
(1 + ) 𝑝 − (2𝑃 + ) 𝑝 + 𝑃2 = 0
𝑁 𝑁
From quadratic equation
−𝑏±√𝑏2−4𝑎𝑐
ax2 + bx + c =0 x= 2𝑎
Where
𝑍𝑐2 𝑍𝑐2
x=p a=1 + b=(2𝑃 + ) c=𝑃2
𝑁 𝑁

𝑍 2 𝑍 2 2
𝑍 2
−(2𝑃+ 𝑐 )±√(2𝑃+ 𝑐 ) − 4(1+ 𝑐 )𝑃 2
𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
p= 𝑍 2
2(1+ 𝑐 )
𝑁

𝑍2 𝑍 2 2𝑍 2
2(𝑃+ 𝑐 )±√(2𝑃+ 𝑐 ) −4(1+ 𝑐 )𝑃 2
2𝑁 𝑁 𝑁
p= 𝑍 2
2(1+ 𝑐 )
𝑁

𝑍2 𝑃(1−𝑃) 𝑍2
𝑃+ 𝑐 ± 𝑍𝑐 √ + 𝑐2
2𝑁 𝑁 4𝑁
𝑝= 𝑍2
1+ 𝑐
𝑁
hence the formula shown.

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