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Notes - Causes of Deforestation

The document discusses causes and effects of deforestation, conservation of biodiversity through protected areas and afforestation, and differences between wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, and national parks. Endemic species are unique to a particular region and can be endangered by habitat destruction, population increase, and introduction of new species.

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26 views2 pages

Notes - Causes of Deforestation

The document discusses causes and effects of deforestation, conservation of biodiversity through protected areas and afforestation, and differences between wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, and national parks. Endemic species are unique to a particular region and can be endangered by habitat destruction, population increase, and introduction of new species.

Uploaded by

anweshatiwari.5
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Ch- Conservation of Plants and Animals- Notes

1.Causes of Deforestation:
(a) Overgrazing and procuring land for agriculture.
(b) Natural calamities such as forest fires and severe droughts.
(c) Building houses and factories/ Urbanisation
(d) Making furniture or using wood as fuel
(e) Mining of minerals such as coal, petroleum and ores.

2.Effects/Consequences of Deforestation:
(a)Soil Erosion/ Desertification
(b)Climate change/ global warming/ Increase in Temperature
(c)Loss of biodiversity
(d) Reduction in groundwater level
(e) Decrease in rainfall/ Disturbance in water cycle
(f) Disturbance in food chain and ecological balance
(g) Decrease in water holding capacity of soil
(h)Shortage of forest produce
(i) Loss of Biodiversity
(j) Extinction of species

3.Conservation of Biodiversity
1. Creating protected areas- National parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves
2. Ban on hunting/poaching
3. Afforestation
4. Reforestation
5.Ban on deforestation
6.Enforcement of laws/ Habitat preservation
7. Recycling of paper
8. Protection of Migratory birds
4. Differentiate between-
A. Wildlife Sanctuary and Biosphere Reserve

B. Zoo and Wildlife Sanctuary-


C. Afforestation and reforestation-

Afforestation Reforestation
Afforestation means planting more trees in a Reforestation means planting trees again
region where there were no trees. where trees have already been depleted
because of deforestation.
A Afforestation is a method to create a new Reforestation is method to restore a dead
forest. forest.
Afforestation is done to convert barren land It helps in restoring green land where once a
into a greener one. forest existed.

D. A wildlife sanctuary, National Park and a Biosphere Reserve,


Wildlife sanctuary Biosphere Reserve National parks
The wildlife sanctuaries protect Biospheres protect entire The national parks protect
only wild animals. diversity, including the various historical antics, plants and
It gives suitable living plants and animals found in that animals under the complete
conditions and protection to area. It empowers the tribal ecosystem.
wildlife in their natural habitat. habitat of a particular area.
A sanctuary is set up for a It is a multipurpose project in a It is a multipurpose project
specific purpose in a limited comparatively larger area. mostly in a Biosphere reserve.
area.
The wildlife sanctuaries own a Comparatively to both, they have National parks cover smaller
small area. a large area. region than Biosphere reserves.
Human activities are permitted Human activities are strictly Partial restrictions are applied,
with permissions and minor prohibited. and no activities are permitted in
restrictions compared to the core regions of the national park.
other two.

Q 5. What are endemic species? What can endanger their existence?


Ans.5.Endemic Species are those species of plants and animals that are found exclusively in a
particular area and are not naturally found in anywhere else.
They can be restricted to a region, state or a country.
Eg – 1.Asiatic Lion- Gir National Park
2.Indian giant squirrel and flying squirrel – Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve
3.Sal, Wild mango - Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve
The following factors may endanger their existence-
1. Destruction of habitat
2. Increase in population
3. Introduction of new species
Q 6. Define-
A.Extinct species: When there is a termination of any species, that means not a single live
specimen is present on the Earth of that species, it gets declared as extinct species
B.Endangered Species: A species of animal or plant that is seriously at risk of extinction,
then it is declared as endangered species. Ex: India Bengal tigers are considered to be an
endangered species.

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