Operating Information

DN60
REAL TIME
AUDIO ANALYSER

MARK IV PRO AUDIO GROUP

Klark Teknik Building,
Walter Nash Road, Kidderminster,
WorcestershireDYll 7HJ,
England

Tel:(0 i 562)741515 Fax(01562)745371

 CONTENTS

PAGE

INTRODUCTION

INSTALLATION 5-9

FAMILIARISATION 10 - 13

USING THE DN60 14 - 16

BŁOCK DIAGRAM 17

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATI ON 18 & 19

WARRANTY 20
 INTRODUCTION

The Klark-Teknik DN60 Real Time 1/3rd Octave Spectrum

Analyser introduces an accurate, versatile instrument
combined with fuli microprocessor^control, providing the
performance and flexibility of the most expensive units,
into a price rangę where previously only inaccurate,
totally analogue units were available.

The DN60, the first in a series of "micro" based

products, has undergone an extensive research programme
aiming to provide the right facilities in the most cost-
effective package.
As a result, smaller sound installations previously
hiring temporary outside services, will now be able to
afford to own permanent analysis facilities.

The DN60 is an extremely versatile piece of eguipment

which will be egually at home in the,studio, concert
hall or test laboratory. It is built in a fully modular
format, featuring three memories, max. hołd (pk. hołd),
pink noise source and much morę. Extra flexibility is
given by the provision for interface to external units,
allowing the addition of such options as reverberation
analysis, printer output and data accumulation.

This operating manuał contains the information to install

and use all functions of the DN60 with safety.

The DN60 is a complex instrument and for optimum results

the user should read the manuał thoroughly.

NOTĘ This manuał does not contain servicing

information. Servicing should be referred to
your dealer.
 ON 60 : I N S TA L L AT I O N

CONNECTIONS

0 POWER

Power is connected to the DN60 via an IEC s t a n d a r d

socket. The nominał mains voltage required is indicated
by a label fixed to the rear panel. If the unit is to be
used with a n y other voltage, contact your dealer for
information.

NOTĘ Any alteration of voltage selection must be

carried out by a qualified engineer.

Mains-born Interference

Errors may be introduced into any computer or computer-

based system if interference is present on mains input
lines. The DN60 has been designed to cope with normal
mains irregularities, the foli owing rules being
observed:-

(1) Use a corrosion-free pług and socket

(2) Do not wire morę than one unit to

the same p ł u g or socket.

A separate mains filter accessory is a v a i l a b l e if

problems caused by excessive mains interference are
experienced.

SAFETY

WARNING The DN60 uses a 3-terminal mains socket. For

safety reasons the earth connection should not
be removed.

CAUTION Before connecting the unit to mains power

ensure that the correct mains fuse is fitted.
Under no circumstances should any fuse other
than that stated be used.
 DN 60 : INSTALLATION

©MICROPHONE

The DN60 is provided with a Iow impedance (2Kohm)

balanced microphone input connected via a 3-pin XLR
socket on the front panel.

TH

MIC. INPUT CONNECTOR

PlnNS Connection

1 Screen
2 Neutral
3 Live

Phantom power appears on pins 2 and 3, at a nominał 14V

d.c, via dropping resistors. This configuration has been
designed to operate most Iow voltage capacitor
microphones.

If not required, the

phantom power can be
disconnected by
removing the red wire
connected between the
power supply board and
the "A" weighting
board.
2J M4V

mic n u
1
diff
i/P o 11
L amp
i
II
1

II Uiv

NOTĘ This operation should be carried out by a gualified

engineer.

CAUTION The DN60 contains delicate integrated circuits which

are liable to be damaged if touched!
 DN 60 : I N S TA L L AT I O N

A preset preamplifier gain control is provided

internally to allow calibration of microphones
with sensiti vities in the rangę of:-

0.25mV/jjbar(2.5mV/P.A. ) to Im V/;ubar (1 Om V/P . A . )

This preset is situated on the circuit board

adjacent to the input socket.

NOTĘ Unless the DN60 has been purchased with a

calibrated microphone the unit will be set
up for a nominał serisitivity of:-

0.8mV/>jbar(8mV/P. A. )

Various alternative input preamplifiers are a v a i l a b l e

to suit a wide rangę of microphones; contact your
dealer should you require further information
r e g a r d i n g these.

Recommended for use w i t h the DN60 is the s p e c i a l l y

designed Klark-Teknik A.T.l measurement microphone
 DN 6 0 : I N S TA I _ L AT I O N

LINĘ

The linę input is madę via a 3-pin XLR connector,

situated on the rear panel.

Linę Input Skt

TU
Unbalanced
Screen
The differential input
circuit will accept
balanced or unbalanced
signals to a level of
+20dBm, If analysis of a
higher level signal is
reguired, use of a 20dB
Balanced pad is recommended.

1 Screen *—2 The input circuit is

protected against
Neutral 3 Live overloads (max.250v)

Equivalent circuit

O^L

o—li—■**----------
O—1|—wv---------
 DN 60 : INSTALLATION

0PINK NOISE

A pink noise source is permanently a v a i l a b l e via a 3-

pin XLR connector, on the rear panel.

The output level is continuously variable (by a

potentiometer) from approximately +2dBm to -6dBm RMS
(0.98V to 0.39V), d r i v e n into a 5K ohm load.

N. B . Driving into a lower impedance will load the

level capabi'lity but no damage to the unit will
result.

Pink Noise Skt

Pink noise is internally
generated by a pseudo-
random digital white
1 noise source, fed to the
output via a 3dB/octave
2 Iow pass filter. A
gateable line-driving
3 amplifier enables the
noise to be accurately
0 gated on/off under
microprocessor control,
when the RT60 and gating
1 Screen accessory units are
2 ---- employed.
3 Live
m
 DN60: F A M I L I A R I S AT I O N

CONTROL CONNECTOR& INDICATOR FUNCTIONS

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 DN60: FA M I L I A R I S A T I O N

CONTROL CONNECTOR& INDICATOR FUNCTIONS

(1) POWER SWITCH. The state of the power on/off

switch is indicated by the associated led.

(2) MIC INPUT SOCKET. A standard professional 3 pin XLR

input socket is employed. For wiring details see drawings
1 and 2.

(3) LINE/MIC . In addition to its function as input

selection (line/mic), this switch also operates as the
weighting on/off control.

To change input selection depress the switch and release.

Either linę or mic led will light to i n d i c a t e the status.
To insert/remove weighting, hołd the switch down for
approximately 1 second before releasing it. Operation in
the latter modę does not affect the input status.

WEIGHTING LED.
(4)
This indicates that the display
response is weighted when lit.

(5) R E F E R E N C E LEVEL . The absolute level to which

display readings are relative, i.e. calibration, is
given in both dBm (for linę input) and dBspl (for Mic
input).

RESLN
(6)
__________
to either Governs the display resolution; switchable 1dB
or 2dB per graduation, and two led.s a b o v e
the switch indicate which is selected.

(7 ) RESP. Speed of display response is selectable:

"1 " fast, "2" medium, "3" slow, shown by three led.s.
(Attack and decay in Avg. modę), (Decay only in Peak
modę.)

(8) AVG/PK. Two led.s indicate whether the d i s p l a y is

a v e r a g i n g or peak-reading .

(9) HEM. The DN60 has three memories. These remember the
whole 31dB window. Therefore, a stored analysis can be
displayed w i t h either a 1dB or 2dB resolution,
regardless of the "resln" setting when stored. The memory
available to be written into, or being displayed, is
indicated by three led.s.
 DN60: F A M I L I A R I S AT I O N

(4) STORĘ. Information is written into the memory indicated

on pressing the storę switch. This clears anything
previously stored in the operative memory.

(5) MAX. HOŁD (PK. HOŁD). The max. hołd (pk. hołd) facility
operates through whichever memory is selected, When in the
"cont." modę setting, max. levels are held the display and can on
be cleared by depressing the storę switch.

(12) MODĘ. The DN60 will operate in real time and memory
modes. Unless the RT60 option is added, the modę switch
will not operate in the "ext" setting.

When an analysis is stored, status of "RESP", "AJ/G/PK",

"wtg","LINE/MIC" and "MAX. HOŁD (PK. HOŁD)" switches is also
memorised so that the conditions set for the stored curve
are also shown when a memory is recalled. Only the
resolution and memory switches operate when in "mem" modę.
This enables viewing of the 31dB window as earlier
described.

1 (6) DISPLAY levels relate to the reference level.

Calibration of a display level is read from one of two
graticules on the left of the display window. The
resolution setting indicates which of the graticules is
relevant.

ii
(7) 0VERALL LEVEL. Calibration of the overall level is
similarly derived from the relevant graticule to the right
of the display. Notę - this graticule applies to the
overall level only!

(8) INTENSI TY. Display intensity can be varied by a

preset which is accessible via a screwdriver slot in the
front panel as shows.

(9) MAINS SOCKET. Power inlet is via a standard IEC type

mains connector which also incorporates................
(17) ..........the mains FUSE. The fuse pouch contains
two fuses, one of which is a spare.

(10) LINĘ INPUT. As "MIC I/P", via a standard XLR

connector. See drawings 3 and 4.

(11) NOISE O/P. An unbalanced 0/P is via standard XLR,

wired as shown in drawing 5.

(12) The removable blank plate will allow access for

"ext" interface to the RT60, if used.
(13) The serial no. should be ąuoted in any correspondence.

(14) NOISE 0/P LEVEL is varied by adjustment of a

potentiometer on the rear panel.
 DN60: F A M I L I A R I S AT I O N

ERROR C0DE5

Included in the programme of the DN60, are

several error codes: These are designed to indicate
either over-load conditions or a malfunction.

Switching the power on initiates a "self-test" ,

routine. If no malfunction is found by the processor,
all display and selected function led.s will light for
approximately half a second. The display will then
read "o.k." and the remaining function led.s will be
lit. Finally, status will be displayed by relevant
function led.s and the unit is ready for use.

If any fault is discovered, "o.k." will not be

displayed.

During use, overload of a column is indicated when the

bottom two led.s in that column are not lit whilst
those above remain on. However, this only implies
that the level of the column in question is above the
window and therefore inaccurate; it does not mean that
the analogue section is clipping (which would produce
unwanted harmonics and would invalidate the display).
Whilst using peakhold, a similar over-load is implied
if the top two led.s of that column remain on.
 U S I N G THE DN60

ENVIRONMENT& PRACTICAL CONS IDERATIONS

Before meaningful results can be achieved with an

analyser a number of problems have to be understood
and taken into consideration. Many of the following
points raised are associated solely with acoustic
(sound pressure level or spl) measurements though
some refer to any modę of analysis.

Microphone. To take accurate spl readings it is

important that the measurement microphone used provides
the analyser with all relevant information reaching it.
The technical specifications of the mic. chosen are,
therefore, an important factor. It is, perhaps, obvious
to state that the frequency response must be "fiat"
throughout the audio spectrum; but the polar response
must also be fiat. i.e. The frequency response at 90°
should be very close to that measured "on axis". It is
common for a microphone to exhibit significantly
increased "directivity" at higher frequencies. A
suitable measurement microphone will have a relatively
Iow directivity.

Proximity■ Theoretically, acoustic environments vary

from a free-field (an area free from reflections, or
anechoic) to a diffuse field (a reverberant area in
which sound is evenly distributed) . Ideał conditions
for accurate measurements would exist in either of the
two extremes. Practically, however, a combination of
these conditions is most likely to occur.
Errors are likely if readings are taken too close to the
signal source in question, because sound levels will
change drastically in close proximity. Similarly,
errors will be induced by reflections and residual room
noises if readings are taken at too great a distance
from the source.

Bearing these points in mind the best compromise in

proximity is to make measurements from the optimum
listening points of any room, i.e. at a reasonable
distance from the source and from any source of
reflections.

It is worth noting that one source of reflection and

residual noise may be the operator. Ideally the mic.
will be used on a stand at some distance from the
analyser. If circumstances necessitate hand-holding

/
 USING THE DN60

the mic. this should be done at arms length from

the body.

Background Noise. Problems m a y arise from other

extraneous noises. For valid measurements to be taken
the signal source should be 10dB greater than any
residual noise.

toudness. An important aspect of spl measurement is the

response of the human ear, which does not react e q u a l l y
to all audible frequencies. It is often desirable
to "weight" the analyser's response to a p p r o x i m a t e
that of the ear; to achieve this an "A" w e i g h t i n g
filter network is employed.

Measurements with Pink Noise. A pink noise source is

usually employed as the signal source for spectrum
analysis. But acknowledgement of a few points is
necessary to make the results obtained coherent.

By naturę of definition, randomly generated pink noise

only appears to be "fiat" on a spectrum analyser when
measured with a true RMS detector and averaged over a
long time interval. The noise output of the DN60 is very
fiat when measured under these circumstances.

The detectors used in the DN60 are specially designed

to perform over a wide rangę of averaging times, and
also to register peaks. The slow (position 3) response
should be used in conjunction with the a v e r a g e modę for
taking pink noise measurement on the DN60. If the faster
time constants are used, the noise will appear unstable,
particularly at Iow frequencies, showing the random
naturę of the noise source.

The a v e r a g i n g technique used in the DN60 is a

mathematical operation perfortned by the microprocessor.
The a l g o r i t h m used results in a reading much closer
(with most signals) to the true RMS figurę than that
arrived at by an "average" reading instrument
e m p l o y i n g conventional technigues.
 U S I N G THE DN60

NOTĘ

It should be appreciated that the overall

level of a "fiat" pink noise signal is approximately
18dB higher than the 1/3rd octave spectrum levels
(sińce it is the summation of all these levels).
Similarly, the overall level of a passage of "peaky"
musie would be betwęen 6dB and 15dB higher than the
1/3rd octave levels. For this reason the overall
level graticule of the DN60 is offset by 10dB from
that of the spectrum display.
Other points of interest.

It is worth nemembering that the analysis of a room

also combines the characteristics of the sound system
used as the signal source.
Taking measurements from several areas of the room in
question will be found advantageous. Any irregularities
in frequency response which are consistant in all parts
of the room can usually be equalised using a good
quality graphic equaliser (e.g. the Klark-Teknik DN27 ) .
If, however, large troughs or peaks in response alter
dramatically throughout the room, time related problems
(standing waves) are implied.
When working with a stereo sound system it is best to
analyse and equalise each channel separately before a
combined analysis is madę.

For further reading on the points raised here

and other considerations the following
literaturę is recommended.

Sound Recording Practice by John Borwick, and printed

by Oxford University Press.
i r r
NOISE
O/P
 SPECIFICATIONS

ANALYSER SECTION

1 Functions Selectable max. hołd (pk. hołd) and real time

can be displayed together.
Peak/average- processor controlled
averaging.
3 separate memories.
3 response times, processor controlled
exponential attack and decay times.
Selectable "A" weighting filter<
Fi 1 ters 1/3rd octave filters on 30 I.S.O. bands
from 25Hz to 20KHz.
Double section pole pair filters meet
requirements of I.E.C. 225.
R e l a t i v e flatness:- t0.5dB.
Rectifiers :- Quasi peak fast response
(attack time freguency dependant).

0VERALL LEVEL SECTION

1 Ali functions and performance as analyser section with

exceptionof:-

11 *
*
frequency response :- 15Hz to 22K-Hz (-3dB points).
peak/average uses separate rectifiers.

INPUT SECTION

Microphone
Differential input with adjustable
sensitivity from . 2 5mV/xibar to lmV/jubar. To
suit most capacitor microphones.
 Phantom provided: 14 V.D.C. via 2K ohm resistors.
powering

Linę Via XLR connector on rear panel.

Differential input for balance or
unbalanced lines.
Input impedance - 47K ohms (nominał
u n b a l a n c e d connection).
Attenuator Reference level switchable in 10dB steps from
+20dBm to -50dBm or 120 spl to 50 spl
Accuracy +0.2dB.
"A" Weighting Selectable network meets I.E.C. 651
type 1 requirements: Operates on both
mic and linę inputs.

OISPLAYl 31 x 16
L.E.D. matrix display.
Selectable resolution of 1 or 2dB
per L.E.D.
Variable brightness control.
Multiplexed (scanned) operation.

PINK NOISE

Digital pseudo random white

noise generator and pink
noise filter.
Flatness ?1.5dB (20Hz -
20KHz ) measured RMS with 10
seconds integration time.
Output level: variable from +2dBm to
- 6dBm RMS, via XLR connector on rear
panel
Gateable output amplifier. impedance 5K ohm. Output

lOTHER FEATURES

Fast logarithmic A/D convertor covers

31dB in 1dB steps. Accuracy - +0.2dB
(any level from reference level).
Memory stores entire 31dB and all
relevant switch information:
Display can then be "expanded" when
in memory recall modę.
All external accessories display
entire 31dB rangę (in 1dB steps) and all
switch information .
Intelligent talk and receive output
capability to suit automatic testing
and control eguipment.
1

1 warranty
This unit is warranted by Klark-Teknik, to the
original' purchaser, against defects in workmanship
and materials used in manufacture for a period of
one year, from datę of shipment.

Faults due to purchaser misuse, unauthorised

modifications or accidents are not covered by this
warranty.
No other warranty is expressed or imp-lied.

Any faulty unit should be sent, shipping pre-paid,

to an authorised dealer or manufacturer. The serial
number of the unit should accompany any request for
service.
Klark-Teknik reserves the right to alter prices or
specifications without notice.
 DN60
The Klark Teknik DN60 Real Time Audio Spectrum Analyser
combines ease of use, accuracy and versatility in one economical,
reliable unit. In 2U of rack space, the DN60 gives a highly visual
and accurate display without the need for a separate computer,
monitor etc.

The DN60 can accept a linę level input on the rear panel XLR
socket or a signal from the supplied 6051 calibrated measurement
microphone on the front panel XLR socket. Real Time Audio
Spectrum Analyser
RT60 Reverberation Analyser

1 m—

1 **, i;1™
©.

FREQUENCY DOMAIN indicators.

The signal is displayed in real time as a 30 column bar graph on a

large, bright LED matrix, corresponding to one third octave ISO
freąuency bands. An extra column displays the overall signal level.
The matrix is calibrated in dB (dBm for linę input; dBSPL for mic
input) and reads to ldB or 2dB accuracy (switchable on the front
panel, with ranges of 15dB and 30dB respectively). An A-weighting
filter may be switched in linę with either input. The unit has an
internal pink noise generator which may be used as a convenient
signal source.

The user can choose between three Response speeds, with Peak or
Averaging and Peak Hołd functions. The display may be frozen and
stored in any of three memory locations.

With the addition of the optional LGB1 interface, a hardcopy of the

display may be madę on most conventional X-Y plotters. A pad of
paper duplicates of the display is supplied for morę simple hardcopy
reąuirements.

Input level rangę is set via a front panel rotary switch. AU other
functions are accessed by positive clicking buttons with LED
 Hi Switchable Peak and Average responses with
Features peakhold function.
Hi Large, bright LED matrix real time display. Hi Three memories for display storage.
Hi Linę and Mic inputs. Hi Versatile functions with easy to use controls.
Hi Switchable A-weighting filter. Hi Rugged, self-containcd rack-mounting unit.
Hi Switchable ldB or 2dB resolution. Hi Optional plotter interface.
Hi Reads 30 ISO freąuencies plus overall signal level. Hi Optional RT60 add-on unit allows
reverberation analysis as well as freąuency
Hi Internal pink noise generator. spectrum analysis.

m
Klark Teknik PLC
Walter Nash Road, Kidderminster,
Worcestershire DY11 7HJ England.
Tel: (01562) 741515 Fax No:
(01562) 745371
Mark IV Pro Audio Group
448 Post Road,
Buchanan MI 49107.
lei: (616) 695 4750
Fax: (616) 695 0470
designera
a MARK IV
company Hie firsl name with sound system
 DN60
TIME DOMAIN Technical Specifications
The Klark Teknik RT60 is an inexpensive 1U add on unit that allows Freąuency Response 15Hz to 22kHz
the DN60 to be used as a reverberation analyser. Reverberation
measurements can be madę over the fuli audio bandwidth or at Microphone Input Differential .25mV/uBar to
individual third octave freąuencies chosen by the user. Measurements lmV/uBar
Sensitivity 120dBSPL to 50dBSPL
can use either the DN60 internal noise source or an external source such Powering 14V dc phantom power
as a clapperboard or starting pistol. (nominał)
Connector XLR on front panel
Reverberation decay curves are captured and displayed on the DN60
LED matrix. RT60 (time for a GOdB fali in the level of the reverberant Linę Input Differential - balanced or
field) is calculated and displayed on the RT60 front panel. The window unbalanced
over which the RT60 is calculated may be moved to compensate for Sensitivity 20dBm to -50dBm in lOdB
non-linear decays. steps
Impedance 47k ohm
Connector XLR on rear panel
Decay curves may be stored in any of three memories, or added to the
Accumulator memory to give a true average RT60 for a rangę of Attenuation accuracy ± 0.2dB
freąuencies. With the RT60 unit attached, DN60 freąuency spectrum 'A'-weighting Selectable to IEC 651 type 1
displays may also be accumulated in this way. reąuirement

Pink Noise output

Digital pseudo-random white
noise generator with pink
noise filter
Frequency distribution -3dB/Octave 20Hz to 20kHz

Level
Impedance
Connector
Interface
+ l.OdB
4dBm adjustable on rear panel
lk ohm unbalanced
XLR on rear panel
To RT60 unit, DN3600 or
via optional LGB1 to XY plotter

Mark IV Pro Audio Group

RELIABILITY CONTROL 448 Post Road, Ruchanan
MI 49107. lei: (616) 695
4750 Fax: (616) 695 0470
Even with the advanced electronic engineering incorporated in this
product, each unit is given the fuli backing of Klark Teknik's Klark Teknik PLC
Walter
"Reliability Control", which proves each product against a Nash
specification consistent with the highest professional standards. Road,
Kiddermin
Precision components are used throughout and every unit is bench ster,
tested and aligned before a burn-in period and finał performance Worcesters
hire DY11
test. 7HJ
England.
lei:
Trade Descriptions Act: Due to the company policy of continuing (01562)
improvement, we secure the right to alter these specifications 741515
Fax No:
without prior notice. (01562)
745371
 Power requirements
Voltage 100/120/220/240 50/60Hz
Consumption Less than 30VA

Weight
Net 5Kg
Shipping 8Kg

Dimensions DN60 RT60

Width 482mm 482mm
Depth 254mm 40mm
Height 89mm 44mm

6051 Microphone
Freąuency Response Fiat to 15KHz
Sensithrtry 0.5mV per uBar nominał @

Dynamie rangę
Capsule
Type
Power reąuired
1kHz
20 to 130dBspl
0.25inch electret condenser
pressure - omnidirectional
14V Phantom power

©
*|
________
ipany I
leral a MARK IV company

TTie first name with sound system designera