TITLE: REAL-TIME TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY MONITORING

SYSTEM USING P10 BOARD, DHT22, RTC, AND ARDUINO UNO

CANDIDATES NAME :
ADEBISI ADETUNJI JOSEPH
ADEBAYO EZEKIEL
ADEGBASO DAMILOLA VICTOR
ADELEGAN RAPHAEL BABATUNDE

MATRICULATION NUMBER (shown below respectively):

MEE/2020/1005
MEE/2020/1003
MEE/2020/1008
MEE/2020/1010

DATE OF SUBMISSION: MAY 27, 2024

 REAL-TIME TEMPERATURE AND
HUMIDITY MONITORING SYSTEM USING
TITLE:
P10 BOARD, DHT22, RTC, AND ARDUINO
UNO

ADEBISI ADETUNJI JOSEPH

ADEBAYO EZEKIEL

ADEGBASO DAMILOLA VICTOR

CANDIDATES
NAME :
ADELEGAN RAPHAEL BABATUNDE

MEE/2020/1005

MEE/2020/1003

MEE/2020/1008
MATRICULATION
NUMBER :
MEE/2020/1010

DEGREE: Bachelor’s of Engineering

DEGREE
Mechanical Engineering
PROGRAMME:
Thesis submitted to the department of Mechatronics,
SPECIALISATION Faculty of Engineering in partial fulfillment of the
OPTION : requirements for a bachelor degree in Mechanical
Engineering
Arduino Uno, DHT11, P10 display board, RTC module,
Keywords
monitoring, IDE, codes
DECLARATION PAGE

I, ADEBISI ADETUNJI JOSEPH, declare that this thesis is an original work and has not been
presented wholly or partially for the award of a degree elsewhere.

CERTIFICATION PAGE

- CERTIFIED BY : JSLEE ENGINEERING ENTERPRISE

DEDICATION

- Dedicated to our parents and family, particularly our mentor

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to acknowledge Antti Tohka (HOD, Metropolia UAS) for his instructions
and supervision throughout the process of writing this thesis. Our sincere thanks go to
Dr. Minna Paananen-Porkka (Senior Lecturer), for her academic guidance. I am grateful
to all my teachers, family and friends. Special thanks to Gopal Dangi for his priceless
support and Bijay Karki for his assistance.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

 Title Page. …………….1

 Declaration Page ……………...2
 Certification Page ……………..3
 Dedication ……………...…4
 Acknowledgments. …….........5
 Table of Contents ………….6
 Abbreviations
 List of Figures
 List of Tables (where applicable)
 Glossary of Foreign Words (where applicable)
 Abstracts
 Appendices
 Appendix 1. Datasheet Arduino, DHT11
 Appendix 2. Serial Monitor readings
 1

List of Figures

Figure 1: Arduino Uno ................................................................................................... 5

Figure 2: DHT11 Sensor ............................................................................................... 7
Figure 3: Circuit diagram for DHT11 ............................................................................. 8
Figure 4: Arduino IDE ................................................................................................... 9
Figure 5: Wiring DHT11 Sensor and P10 display board to Arduino
Uno ............................... 11
Figure 6: Sketches for displaying Humidity and Temperature readings on P10........... 12
Figure 7: Sketches for displaying Humidity and Temperature readings on P10 ...........
13
Figure 8: Temperature and Humidity display on P10 ................................................... 15
Figure 9: Schematic diagram for wiring DHT11 sensor with Arduino. ..........................
16
Figure 10: Sketches for DHT11 to give the readings on P10 displaying
board......................... 17
Figure 11: Serial monitor readings .............................................................................. 19

List of Graphs
Graph 1: Humidity and temperature plotted against time (inside the building).............
20
Graph 2: Humidity and temperature plotted against time (outside the building) ...........
21
Graph 3: Humidity and temperature plotted against time (Inside the building) .............
21

Abbreviations

IDE Integrated Development Environment

LCD Liquid Crystal Display
DTH
PWM Pulse-width modulation
HVAC Heating, Ventilation and air conditioning
ICSP in Circuit Serial Programming
V Voltage
 2

RH Relative Humidity
USB Universal Serial Bus

1 Introduction

The number of embedded devices that can interact with environment are already
connected to internet, and it is estimated that the number reaches 50 billion by 2020
(Kouhia, 2016). The growth of such interacting objects achieved this staggering pace
with the development of microcontroller based easy-to-use designed system which are
replacing old systems designed with complicated electronic circuits.

Arduino is a microcontroller board which functions as a tiny computer; it is a platform

where creation and development of interacting objects is possible with required
programming software. The Arduino software IDE (Integrated Development
Environment) provides space to write codes in the language (programming languages
C, C++) that Arduino board understands and responds to. Inexpensiveness, easy-to-
use design and flexibility for advance modifications are some features of the
microcontroller based Arduino hardware and software that are making its range of use
wider. One of the most important factor that affects its increasing range of use is its
freedom of use. Both the Arduino hardware and the software are open source. Which
means that one can easily use the ideas generated by others in their work and modify
them without anyone’s authorization. It can be used by anyone to do anything they
want to do with it (Banzi, ei pvm). Arduino boards are designed in such a way that one
without prior knowledge of electronics or previous experience of programming can use
information from other people’s work and build their own interactive object that can
sense the environment and control it. It comes with a cheap price which is a crucial
factor that makes Arduino accessible to many students, hobbyists and teachers and
ultimately a new revolution of innovation in electronics (Banzi, ei pvm).

This thesis is an academic work made in the final year of environmental engineering
studies. The purpose of the thesis was to build an Arduino based embedded device for
building monitoring (monitoring environmental variables temperature and humidity) and
to study the characteristics of its performance. To study its performance characteristics,
Arduino was tested in three different temperature and humidity conditions. The different
environmental conditions were created by using the device in NTP (normal room
temperature/humidity), outdoor temperature/humidity and the insulated wooden box.
The result is shown graphically in ‘Result and Analysis’ section. This thesis includes
 3

practical steps to follow for developing the device that can measure temperature and
humidity of building or surrounding and display readings in a LCD display (liquid crystal
display) and serial monitor as well using Arduino board and sensors. The developed
system is useful in monitoring two variables- temperature and humidity- in a building,
laboratory and greenhouse. In this thesis, the required equipment, connections and
circuit diagrams with necessary codes were compiled in a step by step order.

The Materials and Methods chapter contains the details of the apparatus used and
procedures followed for creating a building monitoring system. An attempt was made to
explain the circuit diagrams and methodologies as simply as possible, which makes the
procedure easy to follow and repeat even without any experience in programming and
electronics.

2 Background

The monitoring of environmental variables such as temperature, pressure and humidity

has a long history of development and the variables have shown significant impact in
the productivity of plant growth, the quality of food industry and the efficiency of many
temperature and humidity-sensitive equipment (Vleeschouver, et al., 2017). The
monitoring of temperature and humidity of laboratories, storages, halls, school and
hospitals is important with respect to health and hygiene. The reliable measurement
and monitoring is crucial in this competitive era of technology.

Arduino, the open source hardware has shown ability to meet the need of accurate and
real-time monitoring and controlling of environmental variables. The Arduino user
community is a forum where many people can share their ideas, use each other’s work
and modify them to innovate and advance many different interacting objects. Arduino is
use in a wide range of projects to develop objects that can interact with people or
environment and internet.

The materials required are easily available, cheap in price and easy to use with the
help of available open source information. Arduino has been used to build robots,
drones, remote controllers, monitoring devices and many interesting objects which is a
one big step towards making the world more automated and sustainable. Arduino can
be told to do such things in appropriate language that Arduino understand: C, C++.
 4

The projects related to monitoring environmental variables are simple and common but
always with great importance; many projects on greenhouse building monitoring and
household plant monitoring are available (Akami, et al., 2015). This thesis was
expected to be helpful in learning electronics and programming as well as
documentation process.

3 Materials and Method

3.1.1 Arduino

The heart part of the building monitoring system; the Arduino is defined in Wikipedia as
‘’ an open source computer hardware and software company, project, and user
community that designs and manufactures single-board microcontrollers and
microcontroller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense
and control objects in the physical world’’ (Anon., 2017). In other words, it can also be
defined as a singleboard microcontroller for building digital objects and interactive
devices. Arduino is designed to sense the environment and/or surrounding by receiving
input signal through sensors and communicates with its surrounding through actuators.
An actuator could be a simple LED (light emitting diode), a motor or sensors, ethernet
or some other electronics depending on the project (kushner, 2011). The Arduino
hardware are available in many format and design enabling different features. The
programming is based on hardware wiring. The Arduino software can be run on
Windows, Linux or Mac OS (Sandhu, 2016).

The Arduino can be programmed to work stand-alone, with computer or other

electronic devices; which can be done with Arduino software which generally termed as
IDE (Integrated Development Environment). The detail about IDE is given in chapter
3.1.3. Since the Arduino hardware and software is an open source, there are already
many clones of Arduino hardware available with many exciting features, the board
used in this thesis project is Arduino Uno which is shown in Figure 1.

Arduino Uno board is a microcontroller board based on Atmel Atmega328 8-bit

microprocessor. There are 14 digital input and output pins; 6 of which can be used as
pulsewidth (PWM) outputs. It has 6 Analog inputs and a 16 MHz quartz crystal or
oscillator. Arduino Uno board has USB (universal serial bus) cable to connect to a
computer, a power jack, an ICSP (In Circuit Serial Programming) header and a reset
button (Anon.,
 5

2017). In Italian ‘’Uno’’ means one and the board was named so because the Arduino
Uno board is the first in a series of USB Arduino boards. The block diagram and other
features of Arduino Uno are provided in Appendix 1.

Figure 1: Arduino Uno

3.1.2 Sensors

A sensor is an electronic device that converts a change in physical phenomenon into

an electrical signal. It can send the information to computers or other electronic
devices. Therefore, it is a part of the interface between the environment or physical
world and the electronics (Kenny, 2005). The function of a sensor is to respond to an
input physical signal and to convert it into an electrical signal (voltage). It is a
semiconductor device that is designed to respond on change in their resistive or
capacitive property depending upon the type of sensor. The performance of sensor is
characterized by: Transfer function, Sensitivity, Range, Accuracy/Uncertainty,
Hysteresis, Linearity, Noise, Resolution and Bandwidth (Wilson, 2005).
 6

Sensors are used in many objects and places, for example, touch-sensitive phone
screen, motion sensitive light switch and several applications. The use of sensors has
been expanded widely with the development of microcontrollers. The sensors are used
in robotics, airplanes and aerospace, cars and many other applications (Blaauw, et al.,
2016).

The sensors used in this work is temperature and humidity sensor-DHT11. The
sensorDHT11 is an Analog sensor designed to sense the physical change in heat and
moisture when exposed in air with suitable wiring and programming.
Its small size, cheap price, low power consumption, quick responses are the
characteristics for being one of the best choices for many users . The sensor DHT11 is
applicable in HVAC (heating, ventilation and air conditioning), it can be used in testing
and inspecting equipment and consumer goods. It is also applicable to use in building
a weather station or a humidity regulator. The use of DHT11 sensor has shown its
usefulness measuring and controlling temperature and humidity in home appliances,
medical and many other sector (Anon., 2017)

The Figure 2 shows the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor. The sensor DHT11
has following performance range and accuracy. A detailed datasheet is included in
Appendices.

Measurement range:

Temperature: 0 to 50°C
Humidity: 20 to 90 % RH
Accuracy:

Temperature: ±2 %
Humidity: ±5 %
Where the operating Voltage remains between 3V to 5.5V (Anon., 2017)
 7

Figure 2: DHT11 Sensor

Humidity is defined as the amount of water vapour contained in air. Usually, it is

expressed as absolute humidity, dew point and relative humidity. The sensor used in
this thesis project, DHT1, is designed to measure humidity in terms of relative humidity
(RH). Relative humidity (RH) is the ratio of the amount of water vapour content of the
air to the saturated moisture level at the same pressure or temperature:
𝜌𝑤
𝑅𝐻 = × 100% ,
𝜌𝑠

Where 𝑅𝐻 is relative humidity, 𝜌𝑤 is the density of water vapour, and 𝜌𝑠 is the density
of water vapour at saturation.

The sensor DHT11 detects moisture in the air by measuring the electrical resistance
between electrodes. It is fabricated with a moisture holding substrate. When substrate
absorbs moisture, ionization takes place and results in the increase in conductivity
between the electrodes. The relative humidity is proportional to the change in
resistance between electrodes due to moisture absorbed.
The typical circuit diagram for DHT11 is shown in Figure 3 and the detailed datasheet
for DHT11 is given in Appendix 2.
 8

Figure 3: Circuit diagram for DHT11

3.1.3 IDE

The brain part of the building monitoring system, the Arduino IDE (integrated
development environment), is a software development environment or software
application for Arduino where users can write different kind of computer programs and
test. The user can write codes in IDE in a language which an Arduino understands, i.e.
C, C++. The program (codes) written in IDE, when uploaded into the Arduino
microcontroller determines what and how the system works. The Arduino IDE comes
with a ‘built-in code parser’ that studies the validity of the written codes before sending
it to the Arduino. The compilation and translation work is done in IDE after checking the
validity of codes. After translating the code, the IDE uploads the program to the Arduino
microcontroller (Kouhia, 2016).
IDE software includes the set of different programs that are ready for being tested on
the device. Just like in other programming platform, Arduino IDE can also be extended
with the use of libraries; the IDE installation includes the installation of number of
libraries (Anon., 2017).
The software page where Arduino codes are written looks like as shown in Figure 4. It
has two main functions ‘setup()’ function and ‘loop()’ functions. The setup part is where
the codes should be written so that the program runs and the loop part is where the
codes should be written so that the program runs with repetition until the power off or
reset button is pushed. It allows users to program and edit Arduino to do anything they
like to do with it. Depending upon the feature of different boards, the IDE enables
communication with Arduino board through USB (Kouhia, 2016). The following figure
shows the screen capture of Arduino IDE.
 9

Figure 4: Arduino IDE

3.2 Setup/connection

Arduino can be programmed to give the readings (measurement data) in serial monitor
and/or in the LCD display. The wiring and connection is one of the most important part
of electronics to work it properly. The required materials for the project are listed below:
• an Arduino board (Arduino Uno)
• a breadboard
• a sensor (DHT11)
• a 220 Ω resistor
• a potentiometer
 10

• jumper wires
• an LCD Display

The required wiring and pins to connect the LCD display and the sensor with Arduino is
given below (Circuitbasics, 2017):

• Arduino GND Breadboard -ve power rail

• Arduino 5v Breadboard +ve power rail
• DHT11 -ve pin Breadboard -ve power rail
• DHT11 +ve pin Breadboard +ve power rail
• DHT11 S Arduino Analog pin A0
• LCD 1 Breadboard -ve power rail
• LCD 2 Breadboard +ve power rail
• LCD 3 Potentiometer centre pin
• LCD 4 Arduino Digital pin 12
• LCD 5 Breadboard -ve power rail
• LCD 6 Arduino Digital 11
• LCD 11 Arduino Digital Pin 5
• LCD 12 Arduino Digital Pin 4
• LCD 13 Arduino Digital Pin 3
• LCD 14 Arduino Digital Pin 2
• LCD 15 220 Ω (ohm) resistor and the other pole of 220 Ω resistor to
Breadboard positive power rail
• LCD 16 Breadboard -ve power rail
• Potentiometer +ve Breadboard negative power rail

Schematically, the connections for LCD display and DHT11 sensor with Arduino Uno
can be shown as in following Figure 5 (Circuitbasics, 2017).
 11

Figure 5: Wiring DHT11 Sensor and LCD display to Arduino Uno

When all the connections and wiring are done, the code should be written in IDE and
the codes written in IDE tells the Arduino to function so that the measurement obtained
from sensor can be read in LCD display.

The necessary codes for displaying temperature and humidity readings in LCD display
are given below after the Figure 6 and Figure 7, which show the codes while program
running in IDE.
 12

Figure 6: Sketches for displaying Humidity and Temperature readings in LCD

 13

Figure 7: Sketches for displaying Humidity and Temperature readings in LCD

The programming codes displaying humidity and temperature readings in LCD with
Arduino and DHT11 sensor are given below. The codes were developed with the help
of an original source (Circuitbasics, 2017). It is given in a format that can work by
simply copying and pasting in IDE.
 14

// to include LCD display

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
// to include DHT11 sensor
#include <dht.h>
// introduction to pin connected
const int rs = 12, en = 11, d4 = 5, d5 = 4, d6 = 3, d7 = 2;
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, en, d4, d5, d6, d7);
#define dht_dpin A0
int val; int
tempPin = 1;
dht DHT;

void setup()
{ lcd.begin (16,2);
// the codes written here is to run the programme once
lcd.print("Booting Up"); Serial.begin(9600);
delay(300);//Let system settle
Serial.println("Humidity and temperature\n\n"); delay(700);//
delay helps the system cool down by have pause
}

void loop() {
// the codes written here is to run programme repeatedly until the power off or
//stopped.
DHT.read11(dht_dpin);
lcd.setCursor(0,1); val =
analogRead(tempPin); float
mv = ( val/1024.0)*5000; float
cel = mv/10; float farh =
(cel*9)/5 + 32;

lcd.print("TEMP = ");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print(cel);
lcd.print(farh); //
 15

lcd.print(farh,"*F")
delay(500);// delay sets the
frequency

lcd.print("Humidity = ");
lcd.print(DHT.humidity);
lcd.print("% "); delay(500);

lcd.print("temperature = ");
lcd.print(DHT.temperature);
lcd.println("C ");
}

After writing, the codes given above should be verified by IDE and when the verification
completes the program is ready to be uploaded in Arduino. While the programme is
running, the LCD display shows the reading as shown in Figure 8 .

Figure 8: Temperature and Humidity display in LCD

 16

The wiring for connecting the DHT 11 sensor with Arduino to display reading in serial
monitor is given below (Circuitbasics, 2017). The data obtained in serial monitor can be
exported to other analysing tools.

DHT11 Pin Arduino Pin

• DHT11 positive pin Arduino 5v

• DHT11 negative pin Arduino GND
• DHT11 (S) Arduino Analog pin A0

The following Figure 9 is the schematic diagram for wiring DHT11 sensor with Arduino
to give the data readings in serial monitor (Circuitbasics, 2017).

Figure 9: Schematic diagram for wiring DHT11 sensor with Arduino.

After wiring the necessary codes for to write in IDE for humidity and temperature sensor
(DHT11) to give data readings in serial monitor are shown below the following Figure 10
which is also included in the codes section right after the Figure 10:
 17

Figure 10: Sketches for DHT11 to give the readings in serial monitor

The above codes and their brief explanation is given below (Circuitbasics, 2017). The
codes given below can be directly copied and pasted in IDE to run it.

include <dht.h> // to include the DHT11 sensor to system

#define dht_dpin A0
dht DHT;
// to write the codes to run the program once
void setup(){
Serial.begin(9600);//
 18

delay(300);// to let the system settle down

Serial.println("Humidity and temperature\n\n");
}
// writing codes to run the program repeatedly
void loop(){
DHT.read11(dht_dpin);

Serial.print("Current humidity = ");

Serial.print(DHT.humidity);
Serial.print("% ");
Serial.print("temperature = ");
Serial.print(DHT.temperature);
Serial.println("C ");
}

When these codes are written in IDE and uploaded to Arduino, the humidity and
temperature measurement starts to appear in serial monitor which is shown in Figure
11. The serial monitor gives the humidity and temperature measurement result in a
frequency set as delay() while writing codes.
 19

Figure 11: Serial monitor readings

4 Result and analysis

 20

After wiring and writing the code, the program was run and the built device was
successful in measuring humidity and temperature. The LCD display and serial monitor
readings are shown in Graph 1Graph 2 and Graph 3 below.
To study the performance characteristics of the used Arduino-based humidity and
temperature sensor, the test was done in three different conditions. The first test was
done inside an environmental laboratory room and the other two tests were done inside
a box and outside laboratory, respectively. To create a different temperature and
humidity, the sensor was kept inside an insulated wooden box and for the 3 rd test the
measurement was taken outside of the building.
The measurement data was analysed using excel, the original data in serial monitor is
given in Appendix 2
The following graphs show humidity and temperature plotted against time.

Graph 1: Humidity and temperature plotted against time (Inside the building)

The sensor was again used to measure temperature and humidity outside of the
building and the measurement results plotted against time are shown below.
 21

Graph 2: Humidity and temperature plotted against time (outside the building)

The final test was done inside a wooden box. The measurement results are shown
against time in the following graph.

Graph 3: Humidity and temperature plotted against time (Inside the box)

The device is upgradable. The pressure sensor can be included. It can be programmed
to work offline using Arduino shield. The measurement data can be accessible in other
 22

analysing and programming tools (Excel, MATLAB). The Arduino microcontrollers’

platform of development has created a rapid growth of innovations which has resulted
in the availability of more advanced Arduino boards and its clones. The measurement
was compared to available data and it was accurate and reliable. The cost of the
project is less than 60 euro.

5 Conclusion

The work was successful in building a monitoring device which works as a

thermometer for measuring temperature and humidity inside a building; it is capable of
measuring humidity and temperature outdoors. Compared to expensive sensor, the
Arduino-based monitoring system successfully reduces the power consumption, cost
and complexity of the process. The performance of the system was accurate and
reliable with some error in measurement and limitations of the used sensor.
Arduin- based monitoring devices are the new possibilities for developing smart
devices freely with small budget and simple work. The accelerating race of advanced
technology outdates the technology used in Arduino Uno in no time; advanced software
working similarly are available. The Arduino is programmed to use a USB cable to
connect to computer while there are many other boards available with different
features.

The project was interesting and was practically helpful to learn to use microcontrollers
(Arduino), programming language C and basic electronics. This was a very helpful
project in learning and understanding the world of microcontrollers, and using
microcontrollers in real life. The thesis project was a platform to advance the technique
of research, test and documentation that was learnt throughout the studies in the
degree programme.

6 References

Akami, P., Oke, A. & Akpomiemie, O., 2015. Impact of environmental factors on
building project. ScienceDirect, 11(1), pp. 91-97.

Anon.,2017. ArduinoUnoRev3. [Online]

Available at: https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-uno-rev3 [Accessed 12
11 2017].
 23

Anon.,2017. Arduino-Introduction. [Online]

Available at: https://www.arduino.cc/en/guide/introduction [Accessed 20
10 2017].

Anon.,2017. Arduino-Wikipedia. [Online]

Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arduino [Accessed 10
10 2017].

Anon.,2017. DHT11.pdf. [Online]

Available at: https://akizukidenshi.com/download/ds/aosong/DHT11.pdf
[Accessed 12 11 2017].

Banzi, M., n.d. How Arduino is open-sourcing imagination. s.l.: TED Talk.

BeanDevice, n.d. Datasheet-wireless-temp-humidity-BeanDevice-ONE-TH.pdf. [Online]

Available at: http://www.beanair.com/wa_files/Datasheet-wireless-temp-
humidityBeanDevice-ONE-TH.pdf [Accessed 17 11 2017].

Blaauw, F. et al., 2016. Let's get Physical-An intuitive and generic methodd to combine
sensor technology with ecological momentary assessments. SciencceDirecct, Volume
63, pp. 141-149.

Circuitbasics, 2017. How to set up the DHT11 humidity sensor. [Online]

Available at: http://www.circuitbasics.com/how-to-set-up-the-dht11-humidity-sensor-
onan-arduino/
[Accessed 25 10 2017].

Kenny, D. T., 2005. Basic Sensor Technology. In: J. S. Wilson, ed. Sensor Technology
Handbok. s.l.:s.n.

Kouhia, E.-P., 2016. Developement of an Arduino based Embedded system, s.l.: s.n.

kushner, D., 2011. The Making of Arduino-IEEE Spectrum. [Online]

Available at: https://spectrum.ieee.org/geek-life/hands-on/the-making-of-
arduino [Accessed 10 11 2017].
 24

McRoberts, M., 2010. Beginning Arduino. In: Beginning Arduino. s.l.:s.n., p. 172.

Sandhu, R., 2016. What is Arduino? A full definition. [Online]

Available at: https://www.lifewire.com/what-is-arduino-2495652
[Accessed 12 11 2017].

Therma-Stor, n.d. Relative Humidity and Your Home-Therma-Stor, LLC. [Online]

Available at: http://www.thermastor.com/information/relative-humidity-and-
yourhome.aspx
[Accessed 17 11 2017].

Vleeschouver, K. D., Loey, Van, A. & hendrickx, M. E., 2017. The Effect of High
Pressure-High Temperature Processing Conditions on Acrylamide Formation and Other
maillard Reaction Compounds. Journal of Agricultural and food chemistry, Volume
2010, 58(22), pp. 11740-11748.

Wilson, J. S., 2005. Sensor Technology Handbook. Oxford: Elsevier Inc.

 1

Appendices

Appendix 1: Data sheet of Arduino

Features of Arduino Uno

Pin out: ATmega48A/PA/88A/PA/168A/PA/328/P

2
 Appendix 2
1 (5)

Appendix 2: Data sheet of DHT 11 Size and dimension of DHT11

DHT11 product parameters

Data Timing Diagram:

 Appendix 2
2 (5)

Serial point readings:

Appendix 2
3 (5)
Appendix 2
4 (5)
Appendix 2
5 (5)