CS-614 (DATA Warehousing)

Grand Quiz Dec 2020

Prepared By: MCS of Virtuallians
If you found any error in the file, Please correct it accordingly.
1. If one or more records in a relational table do not satisfy one or more integrity
constraint, then the data:
a. Is syntactically dirty
b. Is semantically dirty page160
c. Has Coverage anomaly
d. Has extraction issue
2. If actual data structure does not conform to documented formats then it is
called:
a. Syntactically dirty data
b. Semantically dirty data page160
c. Coverage anomaly
d. Extraction issue
3. Change Data Capture (CDC) can be challenging task because:
a. Aggregates don’t change in real time
b. Transformation of extracted data is difficult
c. Identifying the recently modified data may be difficult
page150
d. Source systems may not support extraction of changed aggregates
4. One feature of Change Data Capture (CDC) is that:
a. It pre-calculates changed aggregates
b. It loads the transformed data in real time
c. It only processes the data that has been changed
d. It can automate the transformation of extracted data
page150
5. In context of data warehouse, normally it becomes difficult to extract data from
different sources because these sources are normally:
a. Heterogeneous page140
b. Homogeneous
c. Centralized
d. Base lined
6. Which Logical Data Extraction has significant performance impacts on the data
warehouse server?
a. Incremental Extraction page 133
b. Full Extraction
 c. Partial Extraction
d. Offline Extraction
7. Suppose in system A, the possible values of “marital status” attribute were
“Male” & “Female”, however in data warehouse, the values stored were “M”
for male and “F” for female. The above scenario is an example of:
a. One-to-One scalar transformation ok
b. One-to-many element transformation
c. Many-to-one element transformation
d. Many-to-Many element transformation
8. In Extract, Load, Transformation (ELT) process, you don’t need to purchase
extra devices to achieve parallelism because:
a. ELT does not support parallelism
b. You already have parallel data warehouse servers page 128
c. You have already performed transformation
d. You have already performed Loading
9. The Kimball s iterative data warehouse development approach drew on decades
of experience to develop the _____________.
a. Business Dimensional Lifecycle page 188
b. Data Warehouse Dimension
c. Business Definition Lifecycle
d. OLAP Dimension
10.Which of the following is NOT one of the advantages of changed data capture
(CDC) technique.
a. Flat Files are not required.
b. Limited Query interface is required for data extraction. Page -152
c. No incremental online I/O required for log tape
d. Extraction of Change Data occurs immediately
11.The most common use of range partitioning is on______
a. Color
b. Date Page - 211
c. PhoneNo
d. Name
12.Flat files are one of the prevalent structures used in______ data extraction.
a. Online
b. Offline Page - 134
c. Incremental
d. Full
13.A relation is said to be in first normal for (1NF) if it does not contain______.
a. Single value column
b. Multivalve column google
c. Derived Column
d. Composite Column
14.In a fully normalized database, too many_______ are required.
a. Values
b. Joins Page - 49
c. Queries
d. Conditions
15.Identify data warehouse query from the following
a. List of students belong to Lahore City
b. Total number of students that have 3.5 CGPA
c. Number of students studding CS614 Course
d. Factors which can affect student performance
16.Which is not an issue of ROLAP in the following?
a. Slandered hierarchy of dimensions Page-92
b. Non slandered conventions
c. Maintenance
d. Aggregations pitfalls
17.OLTP implementations are fully _______.
a. Normalized Page-30
b. Demoralized
c. Predictive
d. Additive
18.For large record spaces and large number of records, the run time of the
clustering algorithms is_________
a. Prohibitive Page -164
b. Static
c. Exponential
d. Numerical
19.Which is not a basic task of data transformation?
a. Aggregation Page - 135
b. Selection
c. Splitting / joining
d. Conversion
20.Record referring to the same entity are represented in different formats in the
different data sets are represented erroneously. Thus duplicate records will
appear in the merge database. This problem is known as _______.
a. Merge/ purge problem page - 168
b. Duplication problem
c. redundant duplication problem
d. redundant problem
21.Assume a company with a multi million row customer table i.e. n rows.
Checking for referential integrity (RI) using a naive approach would takes
________
a. O(n) page 190
b. O(1)
c. O(log n)
d. None of the given
22.Development of data warehouse is hard because data source are usually _____.
a. Structured and homogeneous
b. Unstructured and Heterogeneous
c. Structured and heterogeneous
d. Unstructured and homogeneous Page - 31
23.In data transformation, _______ is the rearrangement and simplification of
individual fields to make them more useful for the data warehouse environment.
a. Aggregation
b. Selection
c. Splitting / Joining
d. Conversion
Note: Enrichment is correct option as per page 136 but it does not exist here.
24.Ad-hoc access of data warehouse means: _______
a. That have predefined database access pattern
b. That does not have predefined database access pattern Page – 18
c. That could be accessed by any user
d. That could not be accessed by any user
25.Which is not a/an data quality validation technique?
a. Consistency integrity Page – 189
b. Referential integrity
c. Attribute domain
d. Using data quality rules
26.Which one among the following is not an advantage of horizontal splitting.
a. Enhance Security
b. Organize Tables for different queries.
c. Increase I/O overhead Page -55
d. Fast data retrieval
127 The min operator is conservative in that it assign to the dimension an
aggregate value on higher than the value of its weakest data quality.
a. Min Page - 92
b. Max
c. Min and max
d. None of give
27.In which class of aggregate average function can be placed ?
a. Algebraic Page - 120
b. Distributive
c. Associative
d. Holistic
28.In the data warehouse environment the data is _____________.
a. Subject-oriented google
b. Time-oriented
c. Both subject and time oriented
d. Neither time-oriented nor subject-oriented
29.Online Extraction is a kind of ______ data extraction.
a. Physical page 134
b. Logical
c. Dimensional
d. Multivalued
30.The _______ saw the advent of disk storage, or DASD (Direct Access Storage
Device).
a. 1960s
b. 1970s page 13
c. 1950s
d. 1990s
31.Grain of a fact table means:
a. The meaning of one fact table row page109
b. The meaning of one dimensional table row
c. Summary of aggregates in all fact tables
d. Summary of aggregates in all dimension tables
32.Normalization _______
a. Reduces redundancy
b. Increases redundancy
c. Reduces joins
d. Reduces tables
33.Which of the following is NOT an example of a typical grain?
a. Individual Transactions
b. Daily aggregates
c. Monthly aggregates
d. Normalized attributes page111
34.Multi-dimensional databases (MDDs) typically use ________formats to store
pre-summarized cube structures.
a. SQL
b. Proprietary file page79
c. Object oriented
d. Non-proprietary file
35._______ provides a combination of "relational database access" and "cube" data
structures within a single framework.
a. HOLAP page78
b. DOLAP
c. MOLAP
d. ROLAP
36.Data Warehouse provides the best support for analysis while OLAP carries out
the _____ task.
a. Mandatory
b. Whole
c. Analysis page69
d. Prediction
37._____ involves splitting a table by columns so that a group of columns is placed
into the new table and the remaining columns are placed in another new table.
a. Vertical splitting page56
b. Horizontal splitting
c. Adding redundant column
d. None of the given options
38.OLAP implementations are highly completely _______
a. Normalized
b. Denormalized page69
c. Predictive
d. Additive
39.If each cell of Relation contains a single value (no repeating values) then it is
confirmed that
a. Relation R is in 1st Normal Form page 34
b. Relation R is in 2nd Normal Form
c. Relation R is in 3rd Normal Form
d. Relation R is in 3rd Normal Form but not in 2nd Normal Form
40.Which kind of relationships is captured by Fact less fact table?
a. Many-to-many page121
b. One-to-many
c. One-to-one
d. None of the given options
41.Which of the following is NOT an example of dimension?
a. Product
b. Date
c. Region
d. Sales Volume - VU Tech File
42.Which people criticize Dimensional Modeling (DM) as being a data mart
oriented approach?
a. Those that consider ER model as Data marts
b. Those that consider business processes as Data marts page110
c. Those that consider Data mart as part of data warehouse
d. Those that consider dimensional modeling as denormalization approach
43.In a fully normalized form:
a. Too many joins are required page49
b. Relationships lose their significance
c. No joins are required
d. Data integrity becomes an issue
44.Which of the following is an example of Non-Additive Facts?
a. Quantity sold
b. Total Sale in Rs
c. Discount in percentage page119
d. Count of orders in a store
45.Which of the following is not a CUBE operation?
a. ANSI SQL page80
b. Roll UP
c. Drill Down
d. pivoting
46.Allows download of "cube" structures to a desktop platform without the need
for shared relational or cube server.
a. MOLAP
b. ROLAP
c. DOLAP page78
d. HOLAP
47.ROLAP provides access to information via a relational database using
a. ANSI standard SQL page78
b. Proprietary file format
c. Comma Separated Values
d. All of the given options
48._______ is usually deployed when expressions can be used to group data
together in such a way that access can be targeted to a small set of partitions for
a significant portion of the DW workload.
a. Expression elimination
b. Expression partitioning page67
c. Expression indexing
d. None of the given option
49.Taken jointly, the extract programs or naturally evolving systems formed a
spider web, also known as:
a. Distributed Systems Architecture
b. Legacy Systems Architecture page14
c. Online Systems Architecture
d. Intranet Systems Architecture
50.The data has to be checked, cleansed and transformed into a _______ format to
allow easy and fast access
a. Unified page20
b. predicted
c. qualified
d. proactive
51.Suppose in system A, the values of "Phone No" attribute were stored in
"country code-phone-extension" format, however after transformation in data
warehouse the separate columns were used for "country code”, “phone" and
"extension". The above scenario is an example of:
a. One-to-one scalar transformation
b. One-to-many element transformation page144
c. Many-to-one element transformation
d. Many-to-Many element transformation
52.In decision support system ease of use is achieved by:
a. Normalization
b. Denormalization page 49
c. Drill up
d. Drill down
53.Which of the following is one of the methods to simplify an ER model?
a. Normalization
b. Denormalization page 103
c. HOLAP
d. Hybrid schema
54.In ETL process data transformation includes __________
a. Data cleansing page 130
b. Data aggregation
c. Behavior checking
d. Pattern recognition
55.Non uniform use of abbreviations, units and values refers to:
a. Syntactically dirty data page 160
b. Semantically dirty data
c. Coverage anomaly
d. Extraction issue
56.Suppose the size of the attribute "Computerized National Identity Card (CNIC)
no" is changed in NADRA database. This transformation refers to
a. Format revision page153
b. Field splitting
c. Field decoding
d. Calculation of derived value
57.The divide and conquer cube partitioning approach helps alleviate the
_________ limitations of MOLAP implementation
a. Flexibility
b. Maintainability
c. Security
d. Scalability page85
58.Identify the TRUE statement(s) regarding Dimensional Modeling (DM):
a. DM is inherently dimensional in nature
b. DM comprises of a single central fact table
c. DM comprises of a set of dimensional tables
d. All of the given options page103
59._______ can be used when some columns are rarely accessed rather than other
columns or when the table has wide rows or header or both.
a. Horizontal splitting
b. Pre-joining
c. Vertical splitting page56
d. Derived attributes
60.Which of the following is an example of derived attribute?
a. Age page61
b. Size
c. Color
d. Length
61.The online high performance transaction processing was evolved in _________
a. 1980
b. 1975 page12
c. 1977
d. 1965
62.Cube is a logical entity containing values of a certain fact at a certain
aggregation level at an intersection of a combination of ______________
a. Facts
b. Dimensions page88
c. Summary tables
d. Primary and foreign keys
63.Which of the following statement is/are TRUE regarding Entity relationship
modeling?
a. It does not really model business; but models the micro relationships
among data elements.
b. ER modeling does not have "business rules," it has "data rules"
page102
c. ER modeling helps retrieval of individual records having certain critical
identifiers
d. All of the given options
64.____________ facilitates a mobile computing paradigm.
a. DOLAP page78
b. HOLAP
c. ROLAP
d. MOLAP
65.The main reason(s) for the increase in cube size may be
a. Increase in the number of dimensions
b. Increase in the cardinality of the dimensions
c. Increase in the amount of detail data
d. All of the given options page87
66.Suppose the amount of data recorded in an organization is doubled every year.
This increase is _______________
a. Linear
b. Quadratic
c. Exponential page15
d. Logarithmic
67.The data in the data warehouse is ____________
a. volatile
b. Non-Volatile page20
c. static
d. non-structured
68.__________ models the macro relationships among data elements with an
overall deterministic strategy
a. Dimensional model page102
b. Entity relationship model
c. Object oriented model
d. Structured model
69.De-normalization affects:
a. Database size and query performance page52
b. Database Usability and query reliability
c. Database availability and query success
d. None of the given options
70.__________ technique requires a separate column to specify the time and date
when the last modification was occurred.
a. Check Marks
b. Time Stamps page150
c. Just-In-Time
d. Real Time extraction
71.Which of the denormalization technique squeezes master table into detail?
a. Pre-joining page58
b. Horizontal splitting
c. Vertical splitting
d. Adding redundant column
72.De-normalization can help:
a. Minimize joins
b. Minimize foreign keys
c. Resolve aggregates
d. All of the given options page51
73.The domain of a "gender" field in some database may be {‘F', 'M} or as
{"Female”, "Male") or even as {1, 0). This is:
a. Primary key problem
b. Non primary key problem page163
c. Normalization problem
d. All of the given options
74.Increasing level of normalization ____________ number of tables.
a. Increases page51
b. Decreases
c. Does not effect
d. None of the given options
75.Which of the following is not a Data Quality Validation Technique?
a. Referential Integrity
b. Using Data Quality Rules
c. Data Histogram
d. Indexes page189
76.This technique can be used when a column from one table is frequently
accessed in a large scale join in conjunction with a column from another table.
a. Horizontal splitting
b. Pre-joining
c. Adding redundant column page58
d. Derived attributes
77.Data cleansing requires involvement of domain expert because:
a. Domain expert has deep knowledge of data aggregation
b. Change Data capture requires involvement of domain expert
c. Domain knowledge is required to correct anomalies page158
d. Domain expert has deep knowledge of data summarization
78.Relational databases allow you to navigate the data in _________ that is
appropriate using the primary, foreign key structure within the data model.
a. Only One Direction
b. Any Direction page19
c. Two Direction
d. None of these
79.History is excellent predictor of the _______
a. Past
b. Present
c. Future page15
d. History
80.De-normalization is the process of selectively transforming normalized
relations into un-normalized physical record specifications, with the aim to:
a. Well structure the data
b. Well model the data
c. Reduce query processing time page50
d. None of the given options
81.Which of the following is not a task of Data Transformation?
a. Conversion
b. Summarization
c. Enrichment
d. Full Data Refresh page135, 154
82._________ gives total view of an organization.
a. OLAP
b. OLTP
c. Data Warehouse page15, 16
d. Database
83.Enrichment is one of the basic tasks in data ___________
a. Extraction
b. Transformation page138
c. Loading
d. Summarization
84.Which of the following is not a technique of 'De-Normalization?
a. Pre-joining
b. Splitting Tables
c. Adding Redundant Columns
d. ER Modeling page50, 52
85.Which of the following is an example of Additive Facts?
a. Sales Amount page119
b. Average
c. Discount
d. Ratios
86.Robotic libraries are needed for _____________
a. Cubes
b. Data marts
c. Data warehouse page131
d. Aggregates
87.Normally ROLAP is implemented using ___________
a. Star Schema
b. Hybrid Schema Page 78, 87
c. Pre-defined aggregates
d. All of the given options
88.The relation R will be in 2nd Normal Form if
a. It is in 1NF and each cell contains single value.
b. It is in 1NF and each non key attribute is dependent upon entire
primary key. page44
c. It is in 1NF and each non key attribute is dependent upon a single column
of composite primary key.
d. It is in 1NF and Primary key is composite.
89.In _____ nested-loop join of quadratic time complexity does not hurt the
performance
a. Typical OLTP environments page22
b. Data warehouse
c. DSS
d. OLAP
90.In Extract, Load, Transform (ELT) process, data transformation _________
a. Takes place on the data warehouse server page147
b. Takes place on a separate transformation server
c. Depends on the nature of the source database
d. Does not take place
91.Node of a B-Tree is stored in memory block and traversing a B-Tree involves
________ page faults
a. (n lg n)
b. O (Ig n) page22
c. O(n)
d. (n2)
92.As dimensions get less detailed (e.g. year vs. day) cubes get ___________
a. Smaller page84
b. Larger
c. Partitioned
d. Merged
93.Which of the following is not a technique of "Changed Data Capture" in
currently used Modern Source Systems?
a. Timestamps
b. Partitioning
c. Triggers
d. Dimensional Modeling page150
94.The trade-offs of denormalization is/are:
a. Storage
b. Performance
c. Ease-of-use
d. All of the given options page62
95.Data Warehouse is about taking / collecting data from different ________
sources.
a. Harmonized
b. Identical
c. Homogeneous
d. Heterogeneous page21
96.It is observed that every year the amount of data recorded in an organization
a. Doubles page15
b. Triples
c. Quartiles
97.The users of data warehouse are knowledge workers in other words they are
_________ in the organization.
a. DWH Analyst
b. Decision maker page18
c. Database Administrator
d. Manager
98.In _________ system, the contents change with time.
a. OLTP page20
b. ATM
c. DSS
d. OLAP
99.The growth of master files and magnetic tapes exploded around the mid-
_______.
a. Mid-1960 page 12
b. Mid-1970
c. Mid-1980
d. Mid-1990
100. Naturally Evolving architecture occurred when an organization had a
_______ approach to handling the whole process of hardware and software
architecture.
a. Relaxed page14
b. Good
c. Not Relaxed
d. None
101. MDX by Microsoft is an example of _______
a. HOLAP
b. DOLAP
c. ROLAP
d. None of the given options MOLAP page 79
102. Which of the following is NOT an example of derived attribute?
a. Age
b. CGPA
c. Area of rectangle
d. Height page60
103. Table collapsing technique is applied in case of:
a. One-to-one relation or many-to-many relation page52
b. One-to-many relation
c. many to many relation
d. None of the given options
104. “Header size is reduced, allowing more rows per block, thus reducing I/O”.
The above statement is TRUE with respect to:
a. Vertical splitting page67
b. Horizontal splitting
c. Adding redundant column
d. None of the given options
105. OLAP is:
a. Physical database design
b. Implementation technique
c. Framework page69
d. None of the given options
106. _____ Breaks a table into multiple tables based upon common column
values
a. Horizontal splitting page54
b. Vertical Splitting
c. Adding redundant column
d. None of the given options
107. The issue(s) of “Adding redundant column” include(s):
a. Increase in table size
b. Maintenance
c. Loss of information
d. All page60
108. ROLAP provides access to information via a relational database using OLTP
implementations are fully_____.
a. ANSI standard SQL page78
b. Proprietary file format
c. Comma Separated Values
d. All
109. _______ is an application of information and data.
a. Knowledge page11
b. Intelligence
c. Power
d. Education
110. The need to synchronize data upon update is called
a. Data Imitation
b. Data Manipulation
c. Data Replication
d. Data Coherency page12
111. The input to the data warehouse can come from OLTP or transactional
system but not from other third party database.
a. True
b. False page19
112. A single database, couldn’t serve both operational high performance
transaction processing and DSS, analytical processing, all at the same time.
a. True
b. False page13
113. B-Tree is used as an index to provide access to records
a. Without scanning the entire table page22
b. By scanning the entire meta data
c. By scanning the entire table
d. None of these
114. For good decision making, data should be integrated across the organization
to cross the LoB (Line of Business). This is to give the total view of
organization from:
a. Owner’s Perspective
b. Decision Maker Perspective
c. Customer’s Perspective page16
d. Employee’s Perspective
115. Ad-hoc access means to run such queries which are known already.
a. True
b. False page19
116. Which statement is true for De-Normalization?
a. Redundant data is a performance liability at query time, but is a
performance benefit at update time.
b. Redundant data is a performance benefit at both query time and
update time.
c. Redundant data is a performance liability at both query time and update
time.
d. Redundant data is a performance benefit at query time, but is a
performance liability at update time.
117. Pre-join technique is used to avoid
a. Run time join page58
b. Compile time join
c. Load time join
118. Cube is a __________ entity containing values of a certain fact at a certain
aggregation level at an intersection of a combination of dimensions.
a. Logical page88
b. Physical
c. Analytical
d. None of these
119. The goal of star schema design is to simplify ________
a. Logical data model
b. Physical data model page107
c. Conceptual data model
d. None of these
120. Grain is the ________ level of data stored in the warehouse.
a. Atomic page111
b. Summarized
c. Aggregated
d. Cube
121. Transactional fact tables do not have records for events that do not occur.
These are called
a. Not Recording Facts page120
b. Fact-less Facts
c. Null Facts
d. None of these
122. During ETL process of an organization, suppose you have data which can be
transformed using any of the transformation method. Which of the following
strategy will be your choice for least complexity?
a. One-to-One Scalar Transformation
b. One-to-Many Element Transformation
c. Many-to-Many Element Transformation
d. Many-to-One Element Transformation
123. Change Data Capture is one of the challenging technical issues in
_____________
a. Data Extraction page149
b. Data Loading
c. Data Transformation
d. Data Cleansing
124. Rearranging the grouping of source data, delivering it to the destination
database, and ensuring the quality of data are crucial to the process of loading
the data warehouse. Data ____________ is vitally important to the overall
health of a warehouse project.
1) Cleansing
2) Cleaning
3) Scrubbing
Which of the following options is true?
a. Option 1 only page149
b. Option 2 only
c. Option 1 & 2 only
d. Option 1, 2 & 3
125. When performing objective assessments, companies follow a set of
principles to develop metrics specific to their needs, there is hard to have “one
size fits all” approach. Which of the following statement represents the
pervasive functional forms?
a. Simple Ratio, Min or Max Operation, Weighted Average
page186
b. Only Complex Ratio, Min Operation, Max Operation
c. Only Simple Ratio, Min or Max Operation
 d. Only Min or Max Operation, Weighted Average
126. Normalization effects performance
a. True
b. False
127. Collapsing tables can be done on the ___________ relationships
a. One-to-One
b. Many-to-Many
c. Both One-to-One and Many-to-Many page52
d. None of these
128. If we is the window size and n is the size of data set, then the complexity of
merging phase in BSN method is___________
a. O(n)
b. O
c. O(w n)
d. O (w log n) page171
129. Relational modeling techniques are used to develop__________ systems.
a. OLTP
b. OLAP page 98
c. MOLAP
d. ROLAP
130. Which of the following is an example of slowly changing dimensions?
a. Inheritance
b. Aggregation
c. Association
d. Asset deposal
131. Time Complexity of Key Creation process in basic Sorted Neighborhood
(BSN) Method is __________
a. O(n log n)
b. O(log n)
c. O(n) page 171
d. O(2n)
132. The degree to which values are present in the attributes that require them is
known as ___________
a. Completeness page 185
b. Uniqueness
c. Accessibility
d. Consistency
133. _______ is the degree to which data accurately reflects the real-world object
that the data represents?
a. Intrinsic Data Quality page 181
b. Realistic Data Quality
c. Strong Data Quality
134. If a table is expected to have six columns but some or all of the records do
not have six columns then it is example of?
a. Syntactically dirty data page 160 but not found very clear
b. Semantically dirty data
c. Coverage anomaly
d. Extraction issue
135. One of the possible issues faced by web scrapping is that:
a. Web pages may contain junk data page 146
b. Web pages do not contain multiple facts
c. Web pages do not contain multiple dimensions
d. Web pages does not support transformation
136. An OLTP system is always good at ________
a. Evolving data page 122
b. Keeping Static data
c. Tracking past data
d. Marinating historic data
137. ________ in database or data warehouse has no actual value, it only has
potential value.
a. Data page 181
b. Entity
c. Flat table
d. Data marts
138. The degree of similarity measured ______, differe3nt attributes may
contribute differently.
a. Numerically page 169
b. Qualitative
c. Quantitative
d. None of the given
139. _______ segregates data into separate partitions so that queries do not need
to examine all data in the table.
a. Pre-joining technique
b. Collapsing tables technique
c. Horizontal splitting technique page 55
d. Vertical splitting technique
140. The relation R will be in 3nd Normal Form if
a. It is in 2NF and each cell contains single value
b. It is in 2NF and every non-key column is non-transitively dependent
upon its primary key. Page 46
c. It is in 1NF and each non key attribute is dependent upon a single column
of composite primary key.
d. It is in 2NF and each non key attribute is dependent upon other non-key
attribute.
141. OLAP is
a. Analytical Processing page 69
b. Transaction Processing
c. Additive processing
d. Active processing
142. De-normalization usually speeds up _______.
a. Data insertion
b. Data retrieval page 51
c. Data deletion
d. Data sharing
143. The hardware (CPU) utilization in data warehouse environment is full or
________.
a. Fixed
b. Partial
c. Not at all page 24
d. Slow
144. ____________ is applicable in Profitability analysis.
a. OLTP
b. Data warehouse
c. Information System (IS)
d. Management Information System (MIS)
145. Time variant is a characteristic of data warehouse which means:
a. Data loaded in data warehouse will be time stamped
page 20
b. Data can be loaded in data warehouse anytime
c. Data cannot be loaded in data warehouse with respect to time
146. In OLAP, the typical write operation is _______
a. Bulk insertion page 75
b. Single insertion
c. Sequential insertion
147. In the decision support environment, the decision maker is interested in
____.
a. Only limited organizational data
b. Big picture of organizational data page 21
c. Only sale related data
d. Only customer related data
148. _______ can be created in operational systems to keep track of recently
updated records.
a. Triggers page 150
b. Timestamps
c. Partitioning
d. ETL
149. __________ is not the characteristic of data warehouse.
a. Time variant
b. Subject-oriented
c. Integrated
d. Volatile google
150. Consider the following Employee table and identify the column which
causes that the table is not in first normal forms (1NF).
a. Emp_ID
b. Emp_Name
c. Emp_skills
d. Emp_Designation
151. The application of data and information leads to ___________.
a. Inteligence
b. Experience
c. Knowledge
d. Power
152. Which of the following is not an “Orr’s Law of Data quality”?
a. “Data that is not used cannot be correct!”
b. “Data quality is a function of its use, not its collection!”
c. “Data will be no better than its most stringent use!”
d. “Data duplication can be harmful for the organization!” page 181
153. Which type of dependency is represented by the following functional
dependencies?
Book_Name  Auther _Name, Auther _Age
Auther_Name Auth0r_Age
a. Partial dependency
b. Transitive dependency page 173 form CS403
c. Full-functional dependency
 d. Multivalued dependency
154. Telecommunication data warehouse is dominated by the ________ volume
of data generated at the call level.
a. Partial
b. Incomplete
c. Sheer page 135
d. Semi-complete
155. Simple scalar transformation is a _____ mapping from one set of values to
another set of values using straightforward rules.
a. One-to-one page 144
b. One-to-many
c. Many-to-many
d. Many-to-one
156. Information can answers questions like “what”, “who”, and “when” while
knowledge can answer questions like________.
a. Why
b. Where
c. Which
d. How page 11
157. Normalization is used to reduce_________.
a. Reduce redundancy page 41
a. Increase redundancy
b. Reduces joins
c. Reduces tables
158. In context of Change Data Capture (CDC), some time a ____ object can be
used to store the recently modified data.
a. Buffer table
b. Change table page 149
c. Checkmark table
d. Change control table
159. _______ should not be present in a relation, so that it would be in second
normal form (2NF).
a. Partial dependency
b. Full-function dependency
c. Multivalued dependency
d. Transitive dependency page 46
160. The data perspective in OLTP system is operational, while tat in data
warehouse is _________.
a. Fully Normalized
b. Fully de-normalized
c. Fully summarized
d. Historical and detailed page 135
161. The typical availability of OLTP system is 24/7, while that of data
warehouse is ____________.
a. 6/12 page 30
b. 7/12
c. 7/24
d. Twice a week
162. One goal of horizontal splitting is spreading rows of a table for exploiting
________.
a. Sequentialism
b. Parallelism page 54
c. Randomness
d. All of the given options
163. Which is the most complex type of transformation in the following?
a. Many-to-many element transformation page 144
b. One-to-one scalar transformation
c. One-to-many element transformation
d. All the given option
164. The last step of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is
implementation, while that of data warehouse is:
a. Integration
b. Understanding requirements page 29
c. Analysis
d. Testing
165. The _________ technique is a discipline used to highlight the microscopic
relationships among data elements or entities.
a. ER Modeling page 99
b. DM Modeling
c. Relational Modeling
d. Multi-dimensional Modeling
166. Time Complexity of Basic Sorted Neighborhood (BSN) Method is
___________.
a. O(n log n) page 171
b. O(log n)
c. O(n)
d. O(2n)
167. In OLTP environments, the size of tables is relatively __________.
a. Large
b. Fixed
c. Moderate
d. Small page 22
168. Depending on the data requirements of the warehouse, both summarization
and aggregation can be deployed during ___________.
a. Data transformation page 155
b. Data Cleansing
c. Data extraction
d. Data loading
169. _______ is a logical design technique that seeks to present the data in a
standard that supports high-performance and ease of understanding.
a. DM Page -103
b. ER
c. Normalization
d. Relational Modeling
170. A/an _________ is a collection of random transactional codes flags and / or
text attributes that are unrelated to any particular dimension.
a. Junk dimension Page 127
b. Slowly Changing Dimension
c. Multi-valued Dimension
d. Simple Dimensions
171. ________ is the application of intelligence and experience to get common
goals
a. Wisdom Page - 11
b. Education
c. Power
 d. Information
172. _____ is making all efforts to increase effectiveness and efficiency in
meeting expected customer expectations.
a. Quality assurance
b. Quality improvement Page -183
c. Quality Maintenance
d. Quality Establishment
173. De-normalization is more like a “controlled crash” with the aim to
__________ without loss of information.
a. Check
b. Balance
c. Decrease
d. Enhance page - 49
174. In the data warehouse data is collected from _____ sources.
a. Homogenous
b. Heterogeneous Page -130
c. External
d. Internal
175. The main goal of normalization is to eliminate ________.
a. Data redundancy Page ref not found search from google
b. Data sharing
c. Data Security
d. Data Consistency
176. One of the main reasons for the failure of DWH deployments is ____
a. Data quality Page -179
b. Data integrity
c. Data duplication
d. Data anomaly
177. In case of multiple sources for the same data element, we need to prioritize
the source systems on a per data element basis.
a. Ranking Page - 143
b. Prioritization
c. Element Selection
d. Measurement Selection
178. In OLTP environment the selectivity is ______ and ______ in data ware
house.
a. High, Low page 22
b. Low, High
c. High, Fixed
d. Fixed, Low
179. Data warehouse stores _________.
a. Operational data
b. Historical Data Page -16
c. Meta data
d. Log files data
180. OLAP implementations are highly / completely ___________.
a. Normalized
b. Denormalized Page 69
c. Predictive
d. Additive
181. The business processes covered by ER diagram:
a. Do not co-exist in time and space Page 109.
b. Co-exist in time and space
c. Do not physically exist in real time context
d. None of the given options
182. For good decision making one should be able to integrate data across the
organization so as to cross the LoB (Line of Business).
a. Partial view
b. Total view Page 16
c. Undermine view
d. Brief view
183. Simple scalar transformation is a ________ mapping from one set of value
to another.
a. One-to-one Page 144
b. One-to-many
c. Many-to-many
d. Many-to-one
184. Which of the following is/are example(s) of dimension?
a. Product
b. Region
c. Date
d. All of the given options
185. Which is not a class of anomalies in the following?
a. Dirty anomalies
b. Syntactical Dirty date page 159
c. Semantically Dirty data
d. Coverage anomalies
186. The biggest problem with _______is the requirement of large main memory
as the cube size increase.
a. MOLAP
b. ROLAP
c. DATA Ware House
d. OLTP
187. Which one is the characteristic of data warehouse quires?
a. Use primary keys
b. High selectivity
c. Use multiple tables page 30
d. Return very rows
188. Which of the following is not an example of dimension?
a. Sales amount
b. ATM Card no
c. Time / Date
d. ATM _ Location
189. ROLAP tools will query the relational data base using SQL generated to
conform to framework using the fact and dimensions paradigm using the __
a. Star Schema page 87
b. Snowflake
c. Relational schema
d. OPAL
190. One scope of data warehouse is to _____________
a. Improve business Page 30
b. Run business
c. Record day-to-day business activities
d. Calculate tax of the business’s profit
191. Which is not a/an characteristics of data quality?
a. Reliability Page 185
b. Uniqueness
c. Accessibility
d. Consistency
192. Which is not a/an distance Function in Basic Sorted Neighborhood (BSN)
Method?
a. Matrix distance Page 176
b. Phonetic distance
c. Typewriter distance
d. Edit Distance
193. _______ should not be present in a relation, so that it would be in third
normal form (3NF).
a. Transitive dependency Page 46
b. Partial dependency
c. Full-functional dependency
d. Multivalued dependency
194. In which class of aggregates Max function can be placed?
a. Distributive Page 120
b. Holistic
c. Algebraic
d. Associative
195. There are often multiple ways to represent the same piece of information.
"FAST", "National University", "FAST NU" and "Nat. Univ. of Computers".
This problem is known as ________.
a. Non primary key problem Page 163
b. Primary key problem
c. Simple key problem
d. Composite key problem
196. The extent to which data is in appropriate languages, symbols, and units, and
the definitions are clear is known as _____________.
a. Interpretability Page 185
b. Uniqueness
c. Accessibility
d. Consistency
197. In which type of data extraction, there is no need keep track of changes?
a. Full Extraction Page 133
b. Incremental Extraction
c. Full Extraction
d. Half Extraction
 Note: Option A and Option C, both are the same in quiz.
198. If a product meets formally defined “requirement specifications” yet fails to
be a quality product from the customer’s perspective, this means the
requirements were ____________
a. Defective page 180
b. Unclear
c. Unrefined
d. Undefined
199. Which is not a/an step of data cleansing procedure?
a. Aggregation
b. Elementizing
c. Standardizing
d. Verifying
200. The end users of a data warehouse are _____________
a. Programmers
b. Database developers
c. Data entry operators
d. Business executives
201. The hybrid OLAP (HOLAP) solution is a mix of architectures that supports
queries against summary and
a. MOLAP and ROLAP
b. MOLAP
c. ROLAP
d. OLTP
202. Dirty data means that
a. Data cannot be aggregated
b. Data contains non-additive facts
c. Data does not fulfill dimensional modeling rules
d. Date does not conform to proper domain definitions page 158
203. _________ can result in costly errors, such as: False frequency distributions
and incorrect aggregates due to double counting.
a. Data duplication page 165
b. Data reduction
c. Data anomaly
d. Data transformation
204. А _________ is defined by a group of records that have similar
characteristics (behavior) for p% of the fields in the data set, where p is a user-
defined value (usually above 90).
a. Pattern page 164
b. Cluster
c. Entity
d. Attribute
205. The _______ task is typically performed after most other transformation and
cleaning steps have taken place.
a. Data Duplicate elimination page 165
b. Data transformation
c. Data extraction
d. Data loading
206. The _______ dimension represents data correctness
a. Free-of-error page 187
b. Completeness
c. Consistency
d. Correctness
207. One of the fundamental purpose of de normalization is to __________ a
number of physical tables which ultimately reduce the number joins to answer a
query.
a. Delete
b. Share
c. Increase
d. Decrease page 50
208. The process of converting entity relationship model in to dimensional model
comprises of ______ steps:
a. Two page103
b. Three
c. Four page 109
d. Five
209. _____________ does not have "business rules," it has "data rules."
a. ER modeling page 102
b. DM modeling
c. Multi-dimensional Modeling
d. OLAP
210. Instance matching between different sources is then achieved by a standard
__________ on the identifying attribute(s), if you are very, very lucky
a. Equi-join page 169
b. Inner join
c. Outer join
d. Fuller join
211.
 CS614 GRAND QUIZ
SOLUTION MADE BY:
ARSL SHANI, AINA MALIK & MCS FAMILY GROUP TEAM

1) Online Extraction is a kind of -------------------- data extraction:

• Physical page 132
• Logical
• Dimensional
• Multi valued

2) The ---------------- saw the advent of disk storage, or DASD( direct Access Storage Device) :
• 1960s
• 1970s page 13
• 1950s
• 1990s

3) In context of data warehouse, normally it becomes difficult to extract data from different
sources because these sources are normally.
• Heterogeneous page 140
• Homogeneous
• Centralized
• Baseline

4) Which of the following is not a task of Data Transformation?

• Conversion
• Summarization
• Enrichment
• Full Data Refresh page 135
5) Which of the following is not an Orr’s Law of Data Quality”?
• “Data that is not used cannot be corrected!”
• “Data quality is a function of its use, not its collection!”
• “Data will be no better than its most stringent use!”
• “Data duplication can be harmful for the organization! ” page 181

6) Flat files are one of the prevalent structures used in ------------------- data extraction:
• Online
• Offline page 134
• Incremental
• Full
7) Which of the following is NOT one of the advantages of changed data capture (CDC) technique?
• Flat files are not required
• Limited query interface is required for data extraction page 152
• No incremental on-line I/O required for log tape
• Extraction of changed data occurs immediately

8) The most common range partitioning is on

• Color
• Date page 66
• PhoneNo
• Name

9) A relation is said to be in first normal form(1NF), if it does not contain ________

• Single value column
• Multi-valued column page 43
• Derived column
• Composite column
10) In a fully normalized database, too many ____________are required
• Values
• Joins page 49
• Queries
• Conditions

11) In the data warehouse, data is collection from -------------------- sources:

• Homogeneous
• Heterogeneous page 21
• External
• Internal

12) De-normalization is more like a “controlled crash” with the aim to ------------ without loss of
information:
• Check
• Balance
• Decrease
• Enhance page 49

13) ----------------- is making all efforts to increase effectiveness and efficiency in meeting and
accepted customer expectation:
• Quality assurance
• Quality improvement page 183
• Quality maintenance
• Quality Establishment

14) ------------- is the application of intelligence and experience to get common goals.
 • Wisdom page 11
• Education
• Power
• Information

15) In the data transformation, ---------- is the rearrangement and simplification of individual
• Aggregation
• Enrichment page 136
• Splitting joining
• Conversion

16) Grain of a fact table means :

• The meaning of one fact table row page 109
• The meaning of one dimensional table row
• Summary of aggregates in all fact tables
• Summary of aggregates in all dimension tables

17) Normalization ----------------- :

• Reduces redundancy page 41
• Increases redundancy
• Reduces joins
• Reduces tables

18) Which of the following is not an example of a typical grain :

• Individual transaction
• Daily aggregates
• Monthly aggregates
• Normalized attributes page 111
 •
19) Multi-dimensional databases(MDDs) typically use -------------------- formats to store pre-
summarized cube structures:
• SQL
• Proprietary file page 79
• Object oriented
• Non-proprietary file

20) ------------ provides a combination of “relational databases access” and “cube” data structures
within a single framework:
• HOLAP page 78
• DOLAP
• MOLAP
• ROLAP

21) Data Warehouse provides the best support for analysis while OLAP carries out the -------------
task:
• Mandatory
• Whole
• Analysis page 69
• Prediction

22) ------------------ involves splitting a table by columns so that a group of columns is placed into the
new table and the remaining columns are placed in another new table:
• Vertical splitting page 56
• Horizontal splitting
• Adding redundant column
• None of the given option

23) OLAP implementations are highly/completely ------------------ :

• Normalized
• Demoralized page 69
 • Predictive
• Additive

24) If each cell of Relation R contains a single value ( no repeating values) then it is confirmed that :
• Relation R is in 1st Normal Form page 43
• Relation R is in 2nd Normal Form
• Relation R is in 3rd Normal Form
• Relation R is in 3rd Normal Form but not in 2nd Normal Form

25) Which kind of relationships is captured by Fact less fact table:

• Many- to- Many page 121
• One-to-many
• One-to-one
• None of the given option

26) Which of the following is not an example of dimension:

• Product
• Date
• Region
• Sales volume page 78

27) Which people criticize Dimensional Modeling (DM) as being a data mart oriented approach?
• Those that consider ER models as Data marts
• Those that consider Business processes as Data marts page 110
• Those that consider Data marts as Data warehouse
• Those that consider dimensional model
• Those that consider dimensional modeling as de-normalization approach

28) In a fully normalized form:

• To many joins are required page 49
• Relationships lose their significance
• No joins are required
 • Data integrity becomes an issue

29) Which of the following is an example of Non-Additive Facts:

• Quality sold
• Total sale in Rs.
• Discount in percentage page 119
• Count of orders in a store

30) Which of the following is not a CUBE operation?

• ANSI SQL page 81
• Roll Up
• Drill Down
• Pivoting

31) -------------------- allows download of “cube” structures to a desktop platform without the need
for shared or cube server:
• MPLAP
• ROLAP
• DOLAP page 78
• HOLAP

32) ROLAP provides access to information via a relational database using:

• ANSI standard SQL page 78
• Proprietary file format
• Comma Separated Values
• All of the given option

33) -------------------- is usually deployed when expression can be used to group data together in such
a way that access can be targeted to a small set of partitions:
• Expression elimination
• Expression partitioning page 67
 • Expression indexing
• None of the given option

34) Taken jointly, the extract programs or naturally evolving systems formed a spider web, also
known as
• Distributed Systems Architecture
• Legacy System Architecture page 14
• Online System Architecture
• Intranet System Architecture

35) The data has to be checked , cleaned and transformed into a --------------- format to allow easy
and fast access
• Unified page 20
• Predicated
• Qualified
• Proactive

36) Suppose in a system A, the values of “PhoneNo” attribute were stored in “countrycode-phone-
extension” format, however after transformation into data warehouse the separate columns
were used for “countrycode”,”phone” and “extension”. The above scenario is an example of :
• One-to-one scalar transformation
• One-to-many element transformation page 144+conceptual
• Many-to-one element transformation
• Many-to-many element transformation

37) In decision support system ease of use in achieved by:

• Normalization
• Denormalization page no 49
• Drill up
• Drill down
38) Which of the following is one of the methods to simplify an ER model?
• Normalization
• Denormalization page no 103
• HOLAP
• Hybrid schema

39) In ETL process data transformation includes ----------------

• Data cleansing page 129
• Data aggregation
• Behavior checking
• Pattern recognition

40) Non-uniform use of abbreviations, units, and values refers to:

• Syntactically dirty data page 160
• Semantically dirty data
• Coverage anomaly
• Extraction issue

41) Suppose the size of the attribute “Computerized National Card (CNIC) no. is changed in NADRA
database. This transformation refers to:
• Format revision page 153
• Field splitting
• Field decoding
• Calculation of derived value

42) The divide and conquer cube partitioning approach helps alleviate the ------------ limitations of
MOLAP implementation:
 • Flexibility
• Maintainability
• Security
• Scalability page 85

43) identify the TRUE statement:

• DM is inherently dimensional in nature
• DM comprises of a single central fact table
• DM comprises of a set of dimensional tables
• All of the given option Page 103

44) ------------- can be used when some columns are rarely accessed rather than other columns or
when the table has wide rows or header or both:
• Horizontal splitting
• Pre-joining
• Vertical splitting page 56
• Derived attributes

45) Which of the following is an example of derived attributes?

• Age page 61
• Size
• Color
• Length

46) The online high performance transaction processing was evolved in --------------:
• 1980
• 1975 page 12
• 1977
• 1965

47) Cube is a logical entity containing values of a certain aggregation level at an intersection of a
combination of -------------------- :
• Facts
• Dimension page 88
 • Summary tables
• Primary and foreign key

48) Which of the following is TRUE regarding Entity relationship modeling?

• It does not really model business, but models the micro relationships among data
elements.
• ER modeling does not have “business rules,” it has “data rules
• ER modeling helps retrieval of individual records having certain critical identifiers.
• All of the given option page 102

49) ------------- facilitates a mobile computing paradigm:

• DOLAP page 78
• HOLAP
• ROLAP
• MOLAP

50) The main reason(s )for the increase in cube size may be:
• Increase in the number of dimensions
• Increase in the cardinality of the dimensions
• Increase in the amount of detail data
• All of the given options page 87

51) Suppose the amount of data recorded in an organization is doubled in year. This increase in ------
-----:
• Linear
• Quadratic
• Exponential page 15
• Logarithmic

52) The data in the data warehouse is ----------- :

• Volatile
 • Non-volatile page 69
• Static
• Non-structured

53) --------------- models the macro relationships among data elements with an overall deterministic
strategy:
• Dimensional model page 102
• Entity relationship model
• Object oriented model
• Structured model

54) De- normalization affects:

• Database size and query performance page 52
• Database usability and query reliability
• Database availability and query success
• None of the given options

55) ----------------- technique requires a separate column to specify the time and date when the last
modification was occurred:
• Checkmarks
• Timestamps page 150
• Just-in-Time
• Real Time extraction

56) Which of the de-normalization technique squeezes master table into detail?
• Pre-joining page 58
• Horizontal splitting
• Vertical splitting
• Adding redundant column
57) De-normalization can help:
• Minimize joins
• Minimize foreign keys
• Resolve aggregates
• All of the given options page 51

58) The domain of the “gender” field in some database may be (‘F’,’M’) or as (“Female”, “Male”) or
even as (1, 0). This is:
• Primary key problem
• Non primary key problem page 163
• Normalization problem
• All of the given option

59) Increasing level of normalization ---------------- number of tables:

• Increases page 51
• Decreases
• Does not effect
• None of the given option

60) Which of the following is not a Data Quality Validation Technique:

• Referential integrity
• Using Data Quality Rules
• Data Histograming
• Indexes page 189
61) This technique can be used when column from one table is frequently accessed in a large scale
join in conjunction with a column from another table:
• Horizontal splitting
• Pre-joining
• Adding redundant column page 58
• Derived attributes

62) Data cleansing requires involvement of domain expert because:

• Domain expert has deep knowledge of data aggregation
• Change Data captures requires involvement of domain expert
• Domain knowledge is required to correct anomalies page 158
• Domain expert has deep knowledge of data summarization

63) Relational databases allow you to navigate the data in ------------- that is appropriate using the
primary , foreign key structure with in the data model:
• Only One Direction
• Any Direction page 19
• Two Direction
• None of these

64) History is excellent predicator of the ------------:

• Past
• Present
• Future page 15
• History

65) De- normalization is the process of selectively transforming normalized relations into un-
normalized physical record specifications , with the aim to:
 • Well structure the data
• Well model the data
• Reduce query processing time page 50
• None of the given option

66) ----------------- gives total view of an organization:

• OLAP
• OLTP
• Data Warehouse page 16
• Database

67) Suppose in system A, the possible values of “Gender” attribute were “Male”& “Female”,
however in data warehouse ,the values stored were “M” for male and “F” for female. This above
scenario is an example of :
• One-to-one scalar transformation page 144
• One-to-many element transformation
• Many-to-one element transformation
• Many-to-many element transformation

68) Enrichment is one of the basic tasks in data ---------------- :

• Extraction
• Transformation page 138
• Loading
• Summarization

69) Which of the following is not a technique of De-normalization?

• Pre-joining
• Splitting tables
• Adding redundant columns
• ER modeling page 52
70) Which of the following is an example of Additive Facts?
• Sales Amount page 119
• Average
• Discount
• Ratios

71) Robotic libraries are needed for -------------------------:

• Cubes
• Data marts
• Data warehouse page 131
• Aggregates

72) Normally ROLAP is implemented using ----------------

• Star schema page 87
• Hybrid schema
• Pre-defined aggregate
• All of the given options

73) The relation R will be in 2nd Normal Form if

• It is in 1NF and each cell contains single value
• It is in 1NF and each non key attribute is dependent upon entire primary key page 44
• It is in 1NF and non key attribute is dependent upon a single column of composite
primary key
• It is in 1NF and Primary key is composite
74) In ----------- nested loop join of quadratic time complexity does not hurt the performance
• Typical OLTP environments page 22
• Data warehouse
• DSS
• OLAP

75) In Extract, Load, Transform(ELT) process, data transformation ---------------:

• Takes place on the data warehouse server page 147
• Takes place on a separate transformation server
• Depends on the nature of the source database
• Does not take place

76) Node of a B-Tree is stored in memory block and traversing a B-Tree involves --------------- page
faults:
• O(n log n)
• O(log n) page 22
• O(n)
• O(n2)

77) As dimensions get less detailed (e.g. , year vs. day) cubes get --------------------
• Smaller page 84
• Larger
• Partitioned
• Merged

78) Which of the following is not a technique of “ Changed Data Capture” in currently used Modren
Source System?
• Timestamps
• Partitioning
• Triggers
• Dimensional Modeling page 150
79) The trade-offs of de-normalization is/are:
• Storage
• Performance
• Ease-of-use
• All of the given options page 62

80) If actual data structure does not conform to documented formats then it is called:
• Syntactically dirty data page 160
• Semantically dirty data
• Coverage anomaly
• Extraction issue

81) “Header size is reduced, allowing more rows per back , thus reducing I/O” .The above statement
is TRUE with respect to:
• Vertical splitting page 56
• Horizontal splitting
• Adding redundant column
• None of the given options
82) ----------------- Breaks a table into multiple tables based upon common column values
• Horizontal splitting page 54
• Vertical splitting
• Adding redundant column
• None of the given option

83) Which of the following is NOT an example of derived attribute?

• Age
• CGPA
• Area of rectangle
• Height (Conceptual)

84) Which of the following is NOT an example of derived attribute?

• Age
• CGPA
• Annual Salary
• Email Address (Conceptual)
85) If a table is expected to have six columns but some or all of the records do not have six columns
then it is example of:
• Syntactically dirty data page 160
• Semantically dirty data
• Coverage anomaly
• Extraction issue

86) MDX by Microsoft is an example of ------------------------:

• HOLAP
• DOLAP
• ROLAP
 • None of the given options page 79

87) The growth of master files and magnetic tapes exploded around the mid- ---------------
• 1950s
• 1960s page 12
• 1970s
• 1980s

88) If one or more records in a relational table do not satisfy one or more integrity constraint , then
the data:
• Is syntactically dirty
• Is semantically dirty page 160
• Has Coverage anomaly
• Has extraction issue

89) OLAP is:

• Analytical processing page 69
• Transaction processing
• Additive processing
• Active processing

90) One of the possible issues faced by web scrapping is that:

• Web pages may contain junk data page 141
• Web pages do not contain multiple facts
• Web pages do not contain multiple dimensions
• Web pages does not support transformation

91) Which of the following is\are example of dimension:

• Product page 79
• Region
 • Data
• None of the given

92) An OLTP system is always good at ------------------------:

• Evolving data page 122
• Keeping static data
• Tracking past data
• Maintaining historic data

93) In case of multiple sources for the same data element , we need to prioritize the source systems
per element based, the process is called:
• Ranking page 143
• Prioritization
• Element selection
• Measurement selection

94) One feature of Change Data Capture (CDC) is that:

• It pre-calculates changed aggregates
• It loads the transformed data in real time
• It only processes the data has been changed
• It can automate the transformation of extracted data page 149

95) In ------------------ SQL generation in vastly simplified for front-end tools when the data is highly
structure:
• MOLAP
• Star Schema page 107
• Hybrid schema
• Object oriented schema

96) Dirty data means:

• Data cannot be aggregated
• Data contains non-additive facts
• Data does not fulfill dimensional modeling rules
 • Data does not conform to proper domain definitions page 158

97) In Context of Change Data Capture (CDC) sometimes a ------------- object can be used to store
recently modified data:
• Buffer table
• Change table page 149
• Checkmark table
• Change control table

98) “Sometimes during data collection complete entities are missed”. This statement is an example
of :
• Missing tuple page 161
• Missing attribute
• Missing aggregates
• Semantically dirty data

99) Table collapsing technique is applied in case of:

• One-by-one relation or many-to –many relation page 52
• One-to-many relation
• Many-to-many relation
• None of the given option

100) Which of the following is an example of dimension?

• Product
• Region
• Date
• All of the given option page 78

101) Data warehouse stores -------------------:

• Operational data
 • Historical data page 24
• Meta data
• Log files data

102) The business process covered by ER diagrams:

• Do not co-exist in time and space page 109
• Co-exist in time and space
• Do not physically exist in real time context
• None of the given options

103) The main goal of normalization is to eliminate -----------:

• Data redundancy page 41
• Data sharing
• Data security
• Data consistency

104) Serious ---- involves decomposing and resembling the data:

• Data cleansing page 168
• Data transformation
• Data loading
• Data extraction

105) In the data warehouse environment the data is ------------

• Subject- oriented page 69
• Time- oriented
• Both subject and time oriented
• Neither time-oriented nor subject- oriented

106) For large record spaces and large number of records , the run time of the clustering
algorithms:
• Prohibitive page 164
• Static
 • Exponential
• Numerical

107) ------------- can result in costly errors, such as , False frequency distributions and incorrect
aggregates due to double counting:
• Data duplication page 165
• Data reduction
• Data anomaly
• Data transformation

108) The degree to which values are present in the attributes that require them is known as -
---------------------:
• Completeness page 185
• Uniqueness
• Accessibility
• Consistency

109) Time complexity of Key Creation process in basic Sorted Neighborhood (BSN) Method is
----------------------:
• O(n log n)
• O(log n)
• O(n) page 171
• O(2n)

110) Which of the following is an example of slowly changing dimensions?

• Inheritance page 124
• Aggregation
• Association
• Asset disposal
111) The ------------ operator proves useful in more complex metrices applicable to the
dimensions and accessibility:
• Max page 188
• Min
• Max and Min
• None of the given

112) In OLAP , the typical write operation is ------------- :

• Bulk insertion page 75
• Single insertion
• Sequential insertion
• No insertion

113) The issue(s) of “ Adding redundant column” includes(s):

• Increase in table size
• Maintenance
• Loss of information
• All of the given option page 65

114) -------------- is applicable in Profitability analysis:

• OLTP
• Data warehouse page 36,37
• Information System(IS)
• Management Information System(MIS)
115) The hardware (CPU) utilization in data warehouse environment is full or ----------- :
• Fixed
• Partial
• Not at all page 24
• Slow

116) Time variant is a characteristics of data warehouse which means:

• Data loaded in data warehouse will be time stamped page 20
• Data can be loaded in data warehouse anytime
• Data can be loaded in data warehouse only at a particular time
• Data cannot be loaded in data warehouse with respect to time

117) In which class of aggregates AVERAGE function can be placed:

• Algebraic page 120
• Distributed
• Associative
• Holistic

118) Considered the following Employee table and identify the column which causes that the
table is not in first normal form(1NF):
Employee(Emp_ID, Emp_Name ,Emp_skills, Emp_Designation)
• Emp_ID
• Emp_Name
• Emp_skills page 43(conceptual)
 • Emp_Designation

119) The application of data and information leads to -------------

• Intelligence
• Experience
• Knowledge page 11
• Power

120) --------------- segregate data into separate partitions so that queries do not need to
examine all data in a table when WHERE clause filters specify only a subset of the partitions.
• Pre-joining technique
• Collapsing table technique
• Horizontal splitting technique page 56
• Vertical splitting technique
 CS614

1) One of the possible issues faced by web scopping is that:

• Web pages may contain junk data

• Web pages does not contain multiple facts
• Web pages do not contain multiple dimension
• Web pages does not support transformation

2)De-normalization is the process of selectively transforming

normalized relation into un-normalized physical records specifications
with the aim to:

• Well structure the data

• Well model the data
• Reduce query processing time
• None of the given options

3)_______Allows download of “cube” structures to a desktop platform

without the need for shared relational or cube server.

• MOLP
• ROLAP
• DOLAP
• HOLAP

4) History is excellent predictor of the___________

• Past
• Present
• Future
• History
5) The data in the data warehouse is___________

• Volatile
• Non-volatile
• Static
• Non-structure

6)Which of the following is an example of Non-Additive Facts?

• Quantity sold
• Total sale in Rs
• Discount in percentage
• Count of orders in a store

7)In________SQL generation is vastly simplified for front-end tools

when the data is highly structure.

• MOLAP
• Star Scheme
• Hybrid schema
• Object oriented scheme

8) Which of the following is NOT an example of a typical grain?

• Individual Transactions
• Daily aggregrates
• Monthly aggregates
• Normalized attributes

9)In a fully normalized form:

• Too many joins are required

 • Relationships lose their significance
• No joins are required
• Data integrity becomes an issue

10) In context Change Data Capture(CDC),some times a _______object

can be sed to store the recently modified data

• Buffer table
• Changing table
• Checkmark table
• Change control table

11) If each cell of Relation R contains a single value(no repeating values

) then it is confirmed that

• Relation R is in 1st Normal Form

• Relation R is in 2nd Normal Form
• Relation R is I 3rd Normal Form
• Relation R is I 3rd Normal Form but not in 2nd Normal Form

12) “Sometimes during data collection complete entities are missed”.

This statement is an example of:

• Missing tuple
• Missing attribute
• Missing aggregation
• Semantically dirty data

13) An OLTP system is always good at_________

• Evolving data
 • Keeping Static data
• Tracking past data
• Maintaining historic data

14) The trade-off of denormalization is/are:

• Storage
• Performance
• Ease-of-use
• All of the given option

15) Online Extraction is a kind of__________ data extraction.

• Physical
• Logical
• Dimension
• Multivalued

16) Which kind of relationships is captured by Fact less fact table?

• Many-to-many
• One-to-many
• One-to-one
• None of the given options

17) Suppose the size of the attribute “Computerize National Identity

Card (CNIC) no” is changed in NADRA database .This transformation
refers to:

• Format revision
• Field spilitting
• Field decoding
 • Calculation of derived value

18) Robotic libraries arec needed for________

• Cubes
• Data marts
• Data warehouse
• Aggregation

19) De-normailization affects:

• Database size and qery performance

• Database Usability and query reliability
• Database availability and query success
• None of the given

20) Which people crities Dimensional Mmodeling(DM) as being a

data mart oriented approach?

• Those that consider ER model as Data marts

• Those that consider business process as Data marts

21) _____________faciltates a mobile computing paradigm.

• DOLAP
• HOLAP
• ROLAP
• MOLAP

22) Change Data Capture(CDC) can be challenging task because:

• Aggregates don’t change in real time

 • Identifying thr recently modified data may be difficult

23) Table collapsing technique is applied in case of

• One-to-many relation
• One-to-one relation or mant-to-many relation

24) The data has to be checked, cleaned and transformed into

a_____________ format to allow easy and fast access.

• Unified
• Predicted
• Qualified
• Proactive

25) _________ incorporates the concept of product quality, process

control, quality assurance, and quality improvement.

• Total Quality Management

• Intrinsic Data Quality Management
• Realistic Data Quality Management
• Strong Data Quality Management

26) The extent to which data is in appropriate languages, symbols and

units, and the definitions are clear is known as __________.
 • Interpretability
• Uniqueness
• Accessibility
• Consistency
27)The degree to which values are present in the attributes that
require them is known as __________.
• Completeness
• Uniqueness
• Accessibility
• Consistency
28) The ________ dimension represents data correctness.
• Free-of-error
• Completeness
• Consistency
• Correctness
29) In B-tree index, the lowest level index blocks are called leaf blocks,
and these blocks contain:
• NULL value to make the leaf terminal node
• Every indexed data value and a corresponding ROWID
• Every indexed data value and pointer to next level block
• Every indexed data value and pointer to root block
30) Data is the __________ on which a Data Warehouse (DWH) runs.
• Fuel page
• Element
• Component
• Entity
31) In context of data parallelism to get a speed-up of N with N
partitions, it must be ensured that:
 • There are enough computing resources
• Query-coordinator is very fast as compared to query servers
• Work done in each partition almost same
• All of the given options
32) Which of the following is not an activity of Data Quality Analysis
Project?
• "Define"
• "Measure"
• "Analyze"
• "Compression"
33) Which of the following is not a Data Quality Validation Technique?
• Referential Integrity
• Using Data Quality Rules
• Data Histograming
• Indexes
34) One of the preconditions to decide about operations to be
parallelized is that
• Operation can be implemented independent of each other
• Output of one operation becomes input of other
• Operations share same memory location
• Operations share same namespace
35)___________do not (typically) keep the index values in sorted order
• Dense index
• Sparse index
• B-Tree Index
• Hash Based index
36) Parallelism can be exploited, if there is :
• Symmetric multi processors (SMP)
 • Sufficient I/O bandwidth
• Underutilized or intermittently used CPUs
• All of the given options
37)Which of the following is NOT one of the parallel hardware
architectures?
• Symmetric Multi-Processing
• Massively Parallel Processing
• Non-uniform Memory Access
• Shared Memory
38)Two interesting examples of quality dimensions that can make use of
the min operator are ____________.
• Believability and appropriate amount of data
• Believability and Consistency
• Believability and Redundancy
• Reliability and appropriate amount of data
39) As the number of processors increase the speedup should also
increase. Thus we should have linear speedup. Which of the following is
NOT one of the barriers to achieve this linear speed-up?
• Amdahl Law
• Startup
• No Interference
• Skew
40) In ________index, the ith bit is set to “1” if the ith row of the base
table has the value for the indexed column
• Inverted index
• Bitmap index
• Cluster index
• Join index
41)________ lists each term in the collection only once and then shows
a list of all the documents that contain the given term.
• Inverted index page
• Bitmap index
• Cluster index
• Join index
42) The exact formula for Speed-up is:
• (Time on Serial Processor) / (Time on parallel processors)
• (Time on Serial Processor) * (Time on parallel processors)
• (Time on Serial Processor) + (Time on parallel processors)
• (Time on Serial Processor) - (Time on parallel processors)
43) ___________is the degree to which data accurately reflects the real
world object that the data represents
• Intrinsic data quality
• Realistic data quality
• Strong data quality
• Weak data quality

44) Assume a company with a multi-million row customer table i.e. n

rows. Checking for Referential Integrity (RI), using a smart technique
with some kind of a tree data structure would require ________ time.
• O(log n)
• O(n)
• O(1)
• None of the given
45) Which of the following is NOT one of the variants of Nested-loop
join?
 • Naive nested-loop join
• Indexed nested-loop join
• Temporary index nested-loop join
• Binary index nested-loop join

46). “More resources means proportionally less time for given amount of
data” that statement refers to
• Scale-Up
• Speed-Up
• Size-Up
• Over-Utilized system
47)The optimizer uses a hash join to join two tables if they are joined
using an equijoin and
• outer table has less number of rows
• inner table has less number of rows
• cardinality of table is equal
• large amount of data needs to be joined
48) “If resources increase in proposition to increase in data size, time is
constant”. The statement refers to
• Scale-up
• Speed-up
• Size-up
• Over-utilized system
49) If a product meets formally defined “requirement specifications”, yet
fails to be a quality product form the customer’s perspective, this means
the requirements were _________.
• Defective
• Unclear
• Unrefined
 • Undefined

50)________is the extent to which data is regarded as true and credible.

• Believability
• Completeness
• Accessibility
• consistency

51) Which is not a/an data quality validation technique?

• Consistency integrity
• Referential integrity
• Attribute domain
• Using data quality rules
52) Which of the following is not an “Orr’s law of data quality”?
• Data that Is not used is cannot be correct
• Data quality is function of its use not its collection
• Data will be no better than its most stringent use
• Data duplication can be harmful for the organization
53)_______ is known as state of being only one of its kind or being
without an equal or parallel.
• Completeness
• Uniqueness
• Accessibility
• Consistency
54) Which is not a/an characteristics of data quality?
• Reliability
• Uniqueness
 • Accessibility
• Consistency
55) If every key in the data file is represented in the index file then it is
called
• Dense Index
• Sparse Index
• Inverted Index
• A Multi level Sparse Index
56)One of the main reasons for the failure of DWH deployment is ____
• Data quality
• Data integrity
• Data duplication
• Data anomaly
57) The _________ operator is conservative in that it assigns to the
dimension an aggregate value no higher than the value of its weakest
data quality indicator.
• Min
• Max
• Min and Max
• None of given
58) ____ is making all efforts to increase effectiveness in meeting and
deficiency in meeting except customer expectations
• Quality assurance
• Quality improvement
Quality maintenance
Quality establishment
59) Most DWH implantations today do not use ____ enforced by the
database, but as TQM method improved overall data quality and
database optimizers.
• Consistency integrity
 • Referential integrity
• Attribute domain
• Using data quality rules
60) If a task takes “T” time units to execute on a single data item, then
execution of the Task on “N” data items will take _____time units.
• N*T
• N/T
• N+T
• N-T
61) An optimized structure which is built primarily for retrieval, with
update being only a secondary consideration is
• OLTP
• OLAP
• DSS
• Inverted Index

62)_________ refers to “Parallel execution of single data operation

across multiple partitions of data”
• Hardware parallelism
• Software parallelism
• Data parallelism
• Operational parallelism

63)________ in a database or data warehouse has no actual value, it only

has potential value.
• Data
• Entity
• Flat tables
 • Data marts
64) Which of the following tasks can NOT be parallelized?
• Large table scans and joins
• Creation of large indexes
• Partitioned index scans
• None of the given options
65)A join is identified by multiple tables in the ______ clause
• FROM
• SELECT
• GROUP BY
• SORT BY
66). ________ index stores first value in each block in the sequential file
and a pointer to the block.
• Dense
• Sparse
• B-Tree
• Hash

67) ____________ is a/an measure of how current or up to date the data

is
• Timeliness
• Completeness
• Accessibility
• Consistency
68) In context of data parallelism, the work done by query processor
should be:
 • Almost zero
• Maximum
• Pipelined
• Filtered across partitions
69)In context of joining tables, the join condition is specified in
______clause
• FORM
• SELECT
• WHERE
• GROUP BY
70)A ________ index, if fits in the memory, costs only one disk I/O
access to locate a record given a key.
• Dense
• Sparse
• B-Tree
• Hash
71) ________ index uses even less space than ________ index, but the
block has to be searched, even for unsuccessful searches.
• Dense, sparse
• Sparse, dens
• Dense, inverted
• Sparse, inverted

72)___________ is the degree of utility and value the data has to support
the enterprise processes that enable accomplishing enterprise objectives.
• Intrinsic Data Quality
 • Realistic Data Quality
• Strong Data Quality
• Weak Data Quality
73) _________ is a system of activities that assures conformance of
product to pre-established requirements.
• Quality assurance
• Quality improvement
• Quality maintenance
• Quality establishment
74) In context of nested-loop join actual number of matching rows
returned as a result of the join would be _________ of the order of tables
• Dependent
• Independent
• Superset
• Subset
75) In context of bitmap index, the length of the bit vector is:
• The possible number of domain values in corresponding field
(column)
• The number of records in the base table
• The possible number of bitmap tables formed for corresponding
field (column)
• None of the given options
76)The _________ operator proves useful in more complex metrics
applicable to the dimensions of timeliness and accessibility.
• Max page
• Min
• Min and Max
• None of given
77) In nested-loop join case, if there are ‘M’ rows in outer table and ‘N’
rows in inner table, time complexity is
• (M log N)
• O (log MN)
• O (MN)
• O (M + N)